superseded in 2015 by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA), whichrelaxed directives on regular assessment.

in the USA in 2001 Congress passed a new law—the ‘No ChildLeft Behind’ Act (NCLB)—which sought to increase accountability fromschools through an array of measures, one of which instructed teachers on thekind of ‘scientifically proven’ practices they must adopt in their work.