59 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. 24 c.227_229delTCT p.Phe76del p.F76del Sporadic VHL

      Between 1994 and 2001, the Dutch VHL working group conducted DNA analysis on 146 probands with VHL-associated manifestations. DNA of probands was extracted from peripheral blood samples. Exons 1, 2 and 3 of the VHL gene and their flanking untranslated and intronic coding sequences were amplified by PCR and subjected to semi-automated sequence analysis. Screening for structural rearrangements, including deletions, involving the VHL gene was performed by Southern blot analysis and the multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) assay. Deletions encompassing the entire VHL gene were confirmed by FISH analysis on lymphocytes from affected individuals. VHL mutations were identified in 43 families. This in-frame deletion variant (c.227_229delTCT) was detected in 2 VHL families: 24 and 25. Family no. 24 was a type 2 family with 1 patient with central nervous system hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, and epididymal cysts. They were identified as sporadic with their parents being excluded from having a germline mutation, although they were not available for DNA analysis. Family no.25 had 2 members with retinal hemangioblastomas and renal cell carcinoma, as well as 1 member with CNS hemangioblastoma. This was published in a future publication: PMID: 32179488.

    1. Sequencing results revealed a known mutation of a 3–base pair (bp) heterozygous deletion at nucleotides 227–229 in exon 1 (c.227_229delTCT) of the VHL gene, resulting in the deletion of phenylalanine at codon 76 (p.Phe76del) of the VHL protein (Fig. 2A). The location of the mutation in the VHL gene is shown in Fig. 2B. The patient and his seven family members were all analyzed by RQ-PCR assay, and no large deletions were found.

      The 32-year-old male patient was admitted to Xiangya Hospital in 2006 and was found with multiple CNS hemangioblastoma of the pons, medulla oblongata, cerebellum and spinal cord. Clinical workup also identified a solid renal tumor. He was followed-up for 5 years with no other complications. The patient and his 7 family members (his parents, sister, son, sister’s son, brother, and brother’s son) were assessed by RQ-PCR assay, and no large deletions were found. Direct sequencing identified the p.Phe76del (c.227_229delTCT) mutation in the proband and this mutation (or any other abnormality) was not found in any of the family members. All members were asymptomatic. This is supportive of a de novo mutation ACMG PM6.

    1. 93 families examined at the Clinical Center of the National Institutes of Health (Bethesda, MD) underwent genetic testing for germline mutations of the VHL gene. Whole blood was extracted and genomic DNA was amplified by PCR and products were sequences using a cycle sequencing kit with dye-labeled terminators and automatically sequenced. This mutation was found in 2 VHL type 1 families (lineages 136, 183). The variant was reported as c.439_441delTTC (AF010238.1) and was mapped to F76del (c.226_228del) (NM_000551.3). Family 183 is stated as being previously reported in PMID 7728151 (2 families reported with this mutation) and/or 8956040 (7 families reported with this mutation).

    1. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 10

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0030424 (pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, epididymal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease, RCC, CNS-HB, R-HB, PH, and epididymal cyst (see table 1)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 17661816; HGMD (Human Gene Mutation Database: http://uwcmml1s.uwcm.ac.uk/uwcm/mg/search/120488.html)

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 29

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, Age unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 21) and his son were both confirmed with this mutation. His son was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's son (patient 29) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: The protein coding change for this variant is listed in this paper as p.F76Cfs*138. However the DNA change listed in this paper (c.224_226delTCT) is equivalent to c.227_229delTCT, and results in p.F76del. This variant is entered on CIViC with p.F76del. As a note the latter c. nomenclature is preferred due to the 3' rule.

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012; https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Medical records of 26 patients diagnosed with VHL disease in two Korean hospitals between 2003-2012 and harboring germline VHL mutations were retrospectively reviewed. One male patient diagnosed with Type 1 VHL disease at 23Y (Patient 14) presented with renal cell carcinoma, multiple CNS hemangioblastomas and other manifestations. He had a germline inframe deletion in the VHL gene (c.227delTCT) and a negative family history of VHL disease.

    1. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 2693NCI, 2956NCI, 20BMS, 2YO, 27BMS, 75CA, 48CA, 144CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken fromvarious families from multiple databases: including: the National Cancer Institute database, the Bristol Myers Squibb database,Department of Uroglogy, Yokohama database, and the Cambridge, Department of Pathology; with an unknown number of members belonging to each. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without phechromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as VHL families with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151; 9829911

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      LegacyVariant: p.delF76 (c.439delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to updated NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 23F/45ASUnilateral PCCVHL1c.224_226delTCTp.(Phe76del)DeletionDisease causing

      PatientID: 23

      KindredID: 23

      Case: F, 45Y0M, Asian Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: None - apparently sporadic

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: unilateral pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ NF1

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 deletion

      Analysis of peripheral blood samples from 5 Japanese families with PCR and SSCP revealed 4 germline mutations. This inframe deletion NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT was found in a family of 3 individuals (Family B). Please note that the paper states the mutation as c.440_442delTCT because it uses a legacy reference sequence. Only one patient in this family developed symptoms, which included a brain stem hemangioblastoma and retinal angioma discovered at age 30. Parents of this individual showed no manifestations of VHL disease and were negative for bands via single-strand conformational polymorphism (SSCP) analysis where the proband showed extra bands.

    1. PMID: 20567917

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 24Y0M, Brazilian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: VHL type 1 family. No family history of VHL disease. Parents were not available for testing. However, this paper reports that this proband belongs to a different family from that reported by Rocha et al. (PMID: 12624160) as Family 1, with 5 individuals.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma; renal cysts; pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: hemangioblastoma diagnosed at 23Y; and renal and pancreatic cysts at 24Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 12624160; 32179488

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT due to redundancy

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

  2. Oct 2026
    1. probands

      PatientID: 12

      KindredID: 12

      Case: Sex Unknown, 42Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient had no family history of VHL disease.

      CohortInfo: 16 Chinese patients clinically diagnosed with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001732 (hemangioblastoma; renal cell carcinoma; abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a hemangioblastoma at age 36 and then renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts or tumors at age 40.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711, HP:0002666, HP:0030393, HP:0030424 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma, endolymphatic sac tumor, epididymal cyst)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227-229delTCT)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 280

      KindredID: 280

      Case: Sex Unknown, 25Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma and pancreatic cyst or tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0006770; HP:0002666; HP:0000107 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.P76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion; inframe_deletion

      CivicName: P76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.227_229delTCT

      Of 31 Brazilian patients, one was found to harbour the c.227_229delTCT (p.Phe76del) mutation of the VHL gene. Genomic DNA was extracted and all VHL coding regions were analyzed by Sanger sequencing. MLPA was performed to investigate large deletions using SALSA® MLPA® P016 VHL probe mix. Data analysis was performed with Genescan 3.7. This patient, age 44, presented with renal cell carcinoma, CNS hemangioblastoma and retinal hemangioblastoma. It is not clear if this mutation is familial.

    2. 171044N—N—YNYYYc.227_229delTCTExon 1p.Phe76delFrameshift

      PatientID: 17

      KindredID: 10

      Case: Sex Unknown, 44Y0M, Brazilian (Latino/Admixed American)

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (pancreatic cyst, hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient at 44Y was confirmed with VHL. They developed pancreatic cyst, hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and retinal capillary hemangioma

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002668, HP:0002666; HP:0030405; HP:0000107 (paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumor, renal cyst)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Molecular and clinical analysis of 126 French VHL families tested for renal involvement revealed 92 different mutations. 90 of these families had renal involvement. The p.F76del (c.226_228del) germline variant of the VHL gene was detected in a family (ID 44). Member 4975 presented with moderate renal disease (RCC), members 4978, 4977 and 4976 presented with mild renal disease and member 5283 had unknown renal involvement.

    2. GroupID: 44

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 5

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 5 members of this family were found to have the germline c.226_228del variant of the VHL gene. Member 4975 presented with moderate renal disease (RCC), members 4978, 4977 and 4976 presented with mild renal disease and member 5283 had unknown renal involvement. Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005584 (Renal neoplasm, Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Mild renal disease (simple renal cyst, multicystic kidney[s], small lesion [less than 10 mm in size] of unknown significance, or small solid tumor without indication for surgical removal [less than 30 mm in size]). Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.226_228del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. This study reports 1,548 germline and somatic mutations from 945 VHL families, including 30 previously unpublished kindreds from The Netherlands (six novel mutations). This exon was detected in a VHL kindred with hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system, retinal hemangioblastomas and Grawitz tumor (also known as RCC) (case no. 2034 p.F76del(c.227_229delTCT)), by direct sequencing and MLPA. This case is published in later publication: PMID: 32179488.

    2. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 2034

      Case: Age unknown, Sex unknown, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Paper states familial VHL; germline mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had CNS HB, RA and a Grawitz tumor (RCC)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488

      SupplementalData: Yes (Specifically Supp. Table S2)

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 23143947

      PatientID: DIII7

      KindredID: D

      Case: F, 16Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: pancreatic cysts

      FamilyInfo: A 3-generation family is given with 3 confirmed members with this mutation. 2 other members had VHL-presenations however had not been tested for the gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737 (pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: initially diagnosed by genetic analysis and further verified radiologically, to be found with pancreatic cysts at 16Y.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.439delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_2289delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PMID: 23143947

      PatientID: DII2

      KindredID: D

      Case: M, 37Y0M (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: A 3-generation family is given with 3 confirmed members with this mutation. 2 other members had VHL-presenations however had not been tested for the gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: died of multiple central nervous system hemangioblastoma at the age of 37 without operation.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0005584 (pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC) [assumed]

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.439delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: No genetic testing was done prior to death, however family history and presentation leads to this assumption

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. One hundred and sixteen unrelated VHL disease patients have been investigated by molecular genetic analysis. Twenty-two of these were previously shown to have germline deletions on Southern analysis, and in the present study the remaining 94 patients were screened for intragenic mutations via SSCP and heteroduplex analysis of 855 bp of the VHL coding sequence and 800 bp of the 3' UTR. An intragenic mutation was identified in 55 (59%) out of 94 patients without germline deletions on Southern analysis. In all patients with multiple affected family members the missense mutation segregated with the disease. Large deletions or intragenic mutations predicted to cause a truncated protein were found in 36 of 53 families without pheochromocytoma (VHL type 1) and 2 of 12 families with pheochromocytoma (VHL type 2). The c.224_226del (p.F76del) in-frame deletion (noted as c.440delTCT (p.F147del) in the paper due to a difference in reference transcript used) was found in at least one patient in kindred no.48, and kindred no. 75. The affected patient(s) in both kindreds had VHL type 1 (no pheochromocytoma). Pheochromocytoma was not observed in any members of either kindred. ACMG evidence codes: none.

    1. 226_228delTTC76F76del

      A study of 34 Polish families revealed germline mutations in 30 families using DNA isolated from peripheral blood luykocytes to sequence through PCR and Quantitative Southern analysis. Mutations were not detected in 4 probands fulfilling clinical criteria for von Hippel-Lindau disease (VHLD). This mutation was found in a VHL patient and 2 additional families. The patient had hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retina (family no. 6). In a family with two affected family members, 2 had hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and 1 had retinal hemangioblastomas (family no. 7). A VHL family of 3 had 2 with hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and 3 with retinal hemangioblastomas (family no. 5). Two members were published in a future publication: PMID: 32179488.

    2. 226_228delTTC

      GroupID/ KindredID: 7

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Polish

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Familial VHL stated; 2 family members recorded with this mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 1 patient was tallied with a retinal capillary hemangioma and both (2) with cHemangioblastomas.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: None of the patients were recorded to have RCC

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to updated c.227_229delTCT

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. The VHL gene product (pVHL) has two macromolecular sites, α and β domains, which can bind different proteins. pVHL bound to elongin B, C/cullin/Rbx1 acts as an E3 ubiquitin ligase and targets proteins for degradation.22 Similarly, hypoxia inducible proteins are regulated by complex pVHL/elongin B and C that requires direct binding of hypoxia inducible factor (HIF) to the β domain and targets HIF for ubiquitination catalysed by the α domain.23 The VHL protein also plays a role in extracellular matrix formation and is necessary for cell cycle exit.24,25 Germline VHL mutations cause different protein defects that result in the clinical heterogeneity of VHL disease. VHL type 1 disease (without phaeochromocytoma) is associated with mutations predicted to cause complete unravelling of protein structure (missense mutations mapping to VHL protein hydrophobic core, protein truncating mutations, and partial gene deletions). VHL type 2 (with phaeochromocytoma) is caused by missense mutations which map to protein binding sites of pVHL and are predicted to cause local protein defects.22 Specific phaeochromocytoma associated missense mutations confer different risks of HAB and RCC, being responsible for the occurrence of subcategories VHL type 2A (VHL without RCC), 2B (VHL with RCC), and 2C (phaeochromocytoma only).15 Phenotypic expression of VHL disease is also influenced by genetic modifiers.26
    4. 226_228delTTC

      GroupID/ KindredID: 5

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Polish

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Familial VHL stated; 3 family members recorded with this mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: all 3 patients were tallied with retinal capillary hemangiomas and 2 with cHemangioblastomas. These phenotypes could be paired with the same or different members in this family as it was not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: None of the patients were recorded to have RCC

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to updated c.227_229delTCT

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. 226_228delTTC

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown, Sex unknown, Polish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This mutation was found in Family No. 6 with 1 member affected.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.226_228delTTC automaps to updated c.227_229delTCT

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 80

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic tumor or cyst (unspecified).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: c.437_439del

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.437_439del and mapped to c.224_226del which is equivalent to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic tumor or cyst (unspecified).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 8634692

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: c.437_439del

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.437_439del and mapped to c.224_226del which is equivalent to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 7977367

      Tissue analysis from 61 VHL patients, 30 sporadic renal cell carcinoma (RCC) tumor samples, and 6 sporadic RCC cell lines revealed 22 variants within VHL patients, 10 variants in tumor samples and variants in all cell lines. All mutations cluster to the 3’ end of the VHL gene open reading frame, implicating this region as important for the tumor-suppressor function of the VHL protein. Northern blot, SSCP and RT-PCR analysis from normal tissue found a germline p.76delF (c.227_229delTTC) mutation, stated in the paper as c.437_439delF due to an older transcript. It was seen in two families: [pedigree No] 17 and 20, with an unknown number of members described as ‘VHL-affected’ with RCC. Other manifestations are possible but not clear.

    2. PMID: 7977367

      KindredID: 17

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This is a family belonging to prefigure No. 17. They are described as ‘VHL-affected’.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: RCC-affected; other manifestations are possible but not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.76delF (c.227_229delTTC)

      LegacyVariant: p.147delF (c.437_439del3)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: c.224_226 automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT (updated; verified)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2. Materials and methods2.1. PatientThe 32-year-old male patient was admitted to Xiangya Hospital in 2006 and presented with progressive back and neck pain, and numbness and weakness of both legs which had continued for 1 month followed by fecal and urinary retention for 5 days. The MRI (1.5 Tesla) of the brain and entire spinal cord showed multiple lesions in the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord, which were obviously enhanced and highly suggestive of hemangioblastomas (Fig. 1a–e). Subsequent evaluation, by MRI, of the abdomen revealed a solid kidney tumor (Fig. 1f). He underwent surgical resection for hemangioblastomas of T10 and T12 of the spinal cord, which appeared bright red at surgery. The pathological examination of the tissues showed many small blood vessels, most of which were a capillary plexus. Vascular endothelial cells were flat and distributed within a large number of stromal cells. Some of the vascular endothelial cells formed solid masses and cords. Between the capillary plexus, various forms of stromal cells were found, including nest-like or sheet arrangements with hyperchromatic nuclei, rich cytoplasm, rich lipid vacuoles and rare or no mitoses. Some foam cells and adipose-like cells were also found. Immunohistochemistry of the biopsied tissues from the lesions in the spinal cord were negative on immunostaining (–) for glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), CD68, cytokinin (CK)-pan and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA), but stained positive (+) for factor 8 related antigen (F8RAg). Vascular endothelial cells were F8RAg(+) but stromal cells were F8RAg(–). Vascular endothelial cells and stromal cells were all immunonegative for GFAP, EMA, CK-pan, and CD68 (Fig. 1g, h). The patients’ symptoms resolved after surgery. At 5-year follow-up his condition did not recur or deteriorate, but active surveillance was continued.12Download : Download high-res image (1MB)Download : Download full-size imageFig. 1. Main clinical manifestations of von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease. (a) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the thoracic spinal cord showing two brightly enhancing nodular lesions with clear boundaries at T10 and T12 (arrows). (b) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the cervical spinal cord showing two brightly enhancing nodular lesions with clear boundaries at C5 and C6 (arrows). (c) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the cervical spinal cord showing a brightly enhancing nodular lesion with a clear boundary at C2 (arrow). (d) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the cranial–cervical region showing three brightly enhancing round lesions with clear boundaries at the posterior of the medulla oblongata, superior spinal cord and basilar part of the pons (arrows). (e) Axial T1-weighted MRI of the brain showing two brightly enhancing nodular lesions with clear boundaries at the posterior of the medulla oblongata and the right cerebellar hemisphere (arrows). (f) Sagittal T1-weighted MRI of the kidney showing the small (1.2 cm × 0.6 cm) enhancing nodular lesion (arrow). (g) Histopathological examination of the lesions at T10 and T12 in the spinal cord of the patient with VHL (hematoxylin and eosin stain, ×400). (h) Immunohistochemistry of the biopsied tissue from the lesions at T10 and T12 in the spinal cord of the patient with VHL (factor 8 related antigen stain, ×400).After genetic counseling, all family members of the patient (his parents, sister, son, sister’s son, brother, and brother’s son) were recruited into this study. His 66-year-old father and 63-year-old mother were both in good health without clinical symptoms of VHL. They did not undergo a whole-body examination, but all other family members underwent clinical examination, including ophthalmoscopy, MRI of the CNS, and ultrasonography of the abdomen, to exclude the disease. Informed consent was obtained from all individuals before their participation in the study.

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 39Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history. All 7 of his other family members (his parents, sister, son, sister’s son, brother, and brother’s son) were sequenced and no mutation were found. Additionally, all were healthy members. Suggestive of de novo due to no abnormal changes in the VHL gene of either parent.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009713; HP:0006880; HP:0009726 (hemangioblastoma, spinal hemangioblastoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, renal neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 32Y this patient presented with progressive back and neck pain and numbness. Patient developed multiple CNS hemangioblastomas (multiple lesions in the cerebellum, brain stem, and spinal cord). Subsequent evaluation of the abdomen revealed a solid kidney tumor (visceral tumor).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID/ KindredID: F54

      Case: Sex unknown, 31Y0M, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0000107; HP:0001737 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma, renal cysts, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Age of onset is 31Y0M.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: g.941_943delTCT

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: Patient was reported with the g. (genomic) coding positions. The g.941_943delTCT variant worked out to correspond with c.227_229delTCT.

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 20

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease type 1; CNS-HB and RCC (see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 2624160

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.226_228del and was mapped to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Patient 1

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 51Y0M, Arab

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient 2 (the patient’s brother) presented with the same mutation and was diagnosed with VHL at age 45. The two brothers had very similar VHL clinical manifestations including cerebellar hemangioblastomas, renal cell carcinoma, and cysts in the pancreas. However, patient 1 had testicular and epididymal cysts, as well as lesions in the spine, which were absent in Patient 2. No other family history was noted. Immediate family members were recommended to genetically test for the relevant variant or monitor for VHL-related symptoms.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009713; HP:0006880; HP:0000107; HP:0001737; HP:0030424; HP:0033608; HP:0000541; HP:0012215 (renal cell carcinoma; spinal hemangioblastoma; cerebellar hemangioblastoma; renal cyst; pancreatic cysts; epididymal cyst; pulmonary nodule; retinal detachment; testicular microlithiasis)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 44Y, Patient 1 exhibited cerebellar and spinal hemangioblastomas, as well as retinal detachment. He also had renal cell carcinoma in both kidneys and multiple cysts in one kidney, testis, and pancreas. He also reported a history of headaches and vertigo, leading to a diagnosis of VHL disease type 1. At 49Y, multiple nodules were found in his lungs and a year later, a nodule in the testis and scrotal lithiasis were detected. At 51Y, renal cell carcinoma was identified in the left kidney and his left epididymis was enlarged. Patient continued to present with left testicular and scrotal lithiasis, right retinal detachment, and multiple nodules in both lungs. However, tMutation:Germlinehe lung phenotype was asymptomatic (see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001392; HP:0005264; HP:0001743 (abnormality of the liver; abnormality of the gallbladder; abnormality of the spleen)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No lesions were observed in the liver, gallbladder, and spleen.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/Av

    3. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 18

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease (see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.226_228del and was mapped to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 16

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Brazilian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma; renal cell carcinoma; pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease: CNS-HB, RCC, PCy (see table 1). Previously published 2018 paper (PMID:20567917) reports patient as an Brazilian 24Y female.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 20567917

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.226_228del and was mapped to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. Table 1)

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 12

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had CNS-HB, RCC, Unilateral PH, PCy (see table 1). Previously published 2018 paper (PMID:29124493) reports patient as an Indian 39Y male

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29124493

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.224_226del and was mapped to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    6. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 13

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had Unilateral PH (see table 1). Previously published 2018 paper (PMID:29124493) reports patient as an Indian 45Y female.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29124493

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as c.224_226del and was mapped to c.227_229del.

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    7. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 28388566

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Ninety-eight individuals were tested for VHL mutations--23 symptomatic and 75 asymptomatic individuals belonging to 16 families. Seven of the families had definite clinical criteria of VHL disease, five had sporadic hemangioblastoma, and four had CNS hemangioblastoma combined with minor visceral signs. Molecular genetic testing identified five germline mutations in six of the definite VHL families (sensitivity 85%), but none in the possible VHL and sporadic hemangioblastoma cases; four of these mutations had been previously described and one is a novel mutation present in two unrelated families. After patients carrying the mutation were identified, they underwent clinical screening and asymptomatic VHL-related lesions were identified in 43%.

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: A

      Case: Sex Unknown, 35Y0M, Mexican (Latino/Admixed American)

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: two other symptomatic and one asymptomatic members of family A had this mutation. The symptomatic individuals had cerebellar hemangioblastomas, as well as spinal hemangioblastomas snd renal cysts.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Symptomatic before 29Y, clinically manifested as >3 cerebellar hemangioblastomas

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 20064270

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

      
      
    2. Ninety-eight individuals were tested for VHL mutations--23 symptomatic and 75 asymptomatic individuals belonging to 16 families. Seven of the families had definite clinical criteria of VHL disease, five had sporadic hemangioblastoma, and four had CNS hemangioblastoma combined with minor visceral signs. Molecular genetic testing identified five germline mutations in six of the definite VHL families (sensitivity 85%), but none in the possible VHL and sporadic hemangioblastoma cases; four of these mutations had been previously described and one is a novel mutation present in two unrelated families. After patients carrying the mutation were identified, they underwent clinical screening and asymptomatic VHL-related lesions were identified in 43%.

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: A

      Case: Sex Unknown, 35Y0M, Mexican (Latino/Admixed American)

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: two other symptomatic and one asymptomatic members of family A had this mutation. The symptomatic individuals had cerebellar hemangioblastomas, as well as spinal hemangioblastomas snd renal cysts.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Symptomatic before 35Y, clinically manifested as 3 cerebellar hemangioblastomas

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 20064270

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228delTTC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

      
      
    1. Medical records of 31 Asian Indian genetically proven VHL patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma were studied. Two unrelated patients were genetically confirmed (PCR and Sanger sequencing) to have a germline frameshift mutation at c.224_226delTCT of the VHL gene. Patient 21 (M): presented with unilateral pheochromocytoma (29Y), pancreatic cysts (29Y), renal cell carcinoma (29Y) and a central nervous system hemangioblastoma (29Y). He has a negative family history. Patient 26 (F): presented with unilateral pheochromocytoma (45Y) and a negative family history.

    1. PatientID: 27

      KindredID: 9

      Case: F, 40Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband, patient 27, presented at age 36 with a CNS hemangioblastoma, and renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts and tumors at 40.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336). This mutation was also published in PMID 32179488 in reference to one patient with VHL disease type 1 in this paper with the c.227_229del variant. However, it is unclear whether patient #27, #28, or #30 is specifically published in PMID 32179488.

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012; https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL kindreds for germline mutations and calculated the age related tumour risks for different classes of VHL gene mutations.

      In a study of 138 unrelated VHL families, 109 germline mutations were found. Missense mutations were more frequently found in families with pheochromocytoma (PC). Deletions. Nonsense, and frameshift mutations were more frequently found in families without PC. Large deletions and mutations predicted to cause truncated protein were associated with lower risk of PC. The mutation p.F76del was referred to in the paper by c.440delTCT due to a difference in transcript sequence. This inframe deletion was found in 2 VHL families: ID 134, ID 144. It was also published in other PMIDs thought to be the same members: PMID: 32179488, 17024664

    2. VHL kindreds for germline mutations and calculated the age related tumour risks for different classes of VHL gene mutations.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 144

      Case: Age, sex ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: unknown; paper focused only on pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: No specific family info was present; although this was recorded as a family germline mutation belonging to Family ID 144

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unknown

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488; 17024664

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.440delTCT)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. VHL kindreds for germline mutations and calculated the age related tumour risks for different classes of VHL gene mutations.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 134

      Case: Age, sex ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: unknown; paper focused only on pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: No specific family info was present; although this was recorded as a family germline mutation belonging to Family ID 134

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unknown

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488, 17024664

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.440delTCT)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTTC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 18

      KindredID: N/A

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: The authors evaluated 64 VHL patients (32 women and 32 men) with renal involvement of whom 54/64 had undergone renal surgery or a radiofrequency thermal ablation procedure for RCC. In 10/64 VHL patients, at least one or more RCC were diagnosed, however at the time of diagnosis an indication for treatment was not yet present. For all patients several CT/MRI scans existed for retrospective description of tumour growth kinetics.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This is a tumor resolution study (VHL patients were investigated based on the presence of renal tumors.) No other phenotypic information is available.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S5 describes 8 patients with frameshift or in-frame deletions, including this patient.

      Variant: p.F76del(c.224_226del)

      LegacyVariant: c.437_439delTCT

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: deletion

      CivicName: F76del(c.224_226delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. detected point germline vhl mutations in 14 patients

      PatientID: 11

      KindredID: 11

      Case: 31Y0M, sex unknown, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1&2 for retinal capillary hemangioma information

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. detected point germline vhl mutations in 14 patients

      PatientID: 10

      KindredID: 10

      Case: 32Y0M, sex unknown, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1&2 for retinal capillary hemangioma information

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226delTTC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.224_226del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.226_228delTTC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. However, genetic testing of the daughter's (IV:6) PBLs by direct sequencing revealed a 3-bp deletion (TTC) at nucleotides 439–441 (fig. 4B).

      Two families where index patients had mosaic parents from the NIH-VHL Family Registry were reviewed. Family 2 had an index patient (IV-6), 23Y female, with brainstem and spinal hemangioblastoma (15Y old), solid renal lesion, retinal angioma, and pancreatic cysts (20Y old). Direct DNA sequencing found a NM_000551.3:c.226_228del germline mutation in the VHL gene. Note that the paper describes it as c.439_441del since it uses an older reference sequence (Latif et al.). She had 5 siblings, 3 of which tested negative for the VHL mutation and the other 2 were not evaluated. The patient's father was tested and confirmed to be mosaic for the mutation with the mutation present in approximately one of seven peripheral blood lymphocytes. The presently 48Y father (III-4) was 39Y old and found with renal cell carcinoma, brainstem and cerebellar hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, and renal cysts. ACMG PP4

    1. 3 (100)

      GroupID: 17

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: These 3 patients with a F76del (c.227_229del) mutation had retinal capillary hemangiomas. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.227_229del p.Phe76del

      216 patients with clinically expected VHL disease due to family history or presence of VHL typical tumours were routinely examined in an eye centre in Germany between January 2019 and January 2020, majority of which were of European descent (~95%). Since data on the genotype–phenotype correlation of the onset of Retinal Hemangioblastoma (RH) is scarce in relation to VHL disease, this study wanted to inversitage the relationship between VHL gene variants (truncating vs single amino acid substitutions) and the ocular phenotype of the disease. 42 different rare VHL gene variants in 148 patients were detected - some of whom had RH and some who did not. Although date of onset of RH, as well as data on central nervous system haemangioblastomas (CNSH), pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) were collected, it was not reported on a per patient basis and therefore could not be discussed per variant. There were 3 patients reported with the p.F76del (c.227_229del) mutation. All 3 members presented with retinal hemangiomas, while no other clinical manifestations were discussed. Additionally, no family information was provided.

    1. c.440_442delTCTp.F76CfsX83

      GroupID: 3A

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None. The patient with the given mutation in this study was a VHL patient with pancreatic ICTs.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient has islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: c.440_442delTCT (p.F76Cfs*83)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: p. is likely incorrect in this case. Paper gave as p.F76CfsX83 and c.440_442delTCT. Unable to see how p.F76CfsX83 could be made (this is not a frameshift mutation) - p. is likely incorrect.

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Exon 1Deletionc.227_229delTCTp. Phe76del

      Seventeen patients (age range 3–73) with VHL, including 12 probands and 5 relatives, that were observed between 2005 and 2020 were recruited for a retrospective analysis in relation to pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PanNETs). A total of 13/17 patients had PanNETs. In 4 patients, PanNETs were found at VHL diagnosis and in 9 patients they were found during follow-up after a median time of 12 years. Six of these patients underwent surgery and seven were conservatively treated. Four of these patients had lymph node metastases and a tumordiameter significantly larger than the nonmetastatic PanNETs. Five patients who underwent surgery had stable disease after a 3 year follow up, while one patient showed liver metastases. Similarly, six non-resected PanNETs were stable after a 2 year, while one patient developed a novel small PanNET and slight growth of the pre-existing PanNET. Genomic DNA from blood was extracted and high-coverage sequencing for VHL gene was performed using an AmpliSeq custom panel that targets all exons, as well as intron–exon junctions of genes that are frequently mutated in PanNETs (VHL; RET; MEN1). A total of nine different VHL mutations were identified. Three patients were found to be de novo, but authors did not specify who. This proband (Patient 1) with CNS Hemangioblastoma and PanNET was found to have germline deletion F76del(c.227_229delTCT) in exon 1 of the VHL gene.

    1. Deletion p.(Phe76del)

      VHL germline mutation carriers who had an ophthalmologic examination at the Erasmus Medical Centre or the Rotterdam Eye Hospital between 1984 and 2017, and were diagnosed with retinal hemangioblastoma (RH) were included in this study. A diagnosis of RH was based on the clinical appearance of a vasoproliferative retinal tumour. Peripheral blood samples from every member that had clinically suspected VHL disease of each family were collected for VHL mutation analysis. A total of 21 patients from 10 families were included on the basis of both a VHL germline mutation and ocular manifestations. Copy number analyses were carried out by multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Mutations were described as one of the following two groups: truncating (complete deletion, partial deletion, nonsense mutation, splice site mutation, duplication and insertion) or missense. Ocular manifestations were not reported on an individual level, but rather were broken down based on the two groups. From Pedigree (family) 3, one individual was suspected of VHL disease and mutational analysis revealed an in-frame germline P76del(c.227_229del) deletion. This individual had RH development.

    1. In a study of 114 unrelated VHL families, 85 germline mutations were found. VHL mutations were detected in affected family members, but not in unaffected family members or 96 normal individuals. This frameshift mutation was found in 2 VHL type 1 family of 8 and of 7 individuals (family ID 2956; 2693), using PCR and SSCP sequencing. The mutation of c.226_228delTTC was referred to in the paper by c.439delTTC due to a difference in transcript sequence. In the first, Family 2956, 2/8 members had a retinal angioma (hemangioma), 4 had RCC, and 5 members had CNS hemangioblastoma. In Family 2693 3/7 members had a retinal angioma (hemangioma), 3 had RCC, and 3 members had CNS hemangioblastoma. This is possibly previously published in PMID 9829911, as well as one member in a future publication: PMID: 32179488

    1. Germline mutations were found in 20 Brazilian VHL probands and their families. The F76del (c.226_228del) germline mutation was found in a VHL type 1 family of 5 affected individuals (VHL family 1). Of the 5 affected family members four patients had hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and 2 had renal carcinoma. In family 1 genetic testing was performed in a non-symptomatic boy, since no relatives were alive for testing. Although many members of this family had already presented with HB, the diagnosis of VHL was confirmed after necropsy of the proband’s father, who died at 37 years from complications following emergency surgery for cerebellar HB. The necropsy showed many occult lesions related to VHL, including RC, multiple pancreatic and renal cysts, and cystadenoma of the epididymis. This variant was not found in 120 alleles from normal subjects in the Brazilian population.