The other anaerobes tested – A. vaginae, M. mulieris, P. bivia, Veillonella, Peptostreptococcus and Peptoniphilus – demonstrated significantly lower biofilm formation relative to G. vaginalis (Student's t-test, P<0.0001).
virulence - biofilm production by Gardnerella vaginalis & Mobiluncus mulieris
Analysis of adherence, biofilm formation and cytotoxicity suggests a greater virulence potential of Gardnerella vaginalis relative to other bacterial-vaginosis-associated anaerobes
adherence, biofilm, cytotoxicity
virulence factors for G. vaginalis
Many mycoplasmal pathogens exhibit filamentous or flask-shaped appearances and display prominent and specialized polar tip organelles that mediate attachment to host target cells (43,44). These tip structures are complex, composed of a network of interactive proteins, designated adhesins, and adherence-accessory proteins (Figure 1, [14,43]).
Mycoplasma virulence - specialized polar tip organelles
Once they attach to a host cell in the body, their unique plasma and protein coating can then mimic the cell wall of the host cell and the immune system can not differentiate the mycoplasma from the body’s own host cell (1).
virulence, Mycoplasma
G. vaginalis was isolated from the vaginal sample by streaking the specimen on a selective human blood Tween (HBT) bilayer agar medium (Becton-Dickinson).
Culturing techniques
Trich can cause genital inflammation that makes it easier to become infected with the HIV virus or to pass the HIV virus on to a sex partner.
complications of parasitic vaginitis (trichomoniasis)
epithelial cells, biofilm production, surface hydrophobicity, phospholipase C and protease activity
Virulence factors of G. vaginalis
Gardnerella vaginalis, Mycoplasma hominis and various anaerobic bacteria including Mobiluncus sp., and Prevotella sp.
Other probabe causative organism
These are primarily anaerobic bacteria and an organism called Gardnerella vaginalis,
A possible caustative organism. No one really knows for sure.
A health care provider will examine your vagina for signs of vaginal discharge. Your provider can also perform laboratory tests on a sample of vaginal fluid to determine if BV is present.
test vaginal fluid to determine for presence of bacterial vaginosis
Bacterial vaginosis is the most common vaginal infection in women ages 15-44.
Common age
Bacterial Vaginosis Workup
Determining if there is a case
Clindamyci
Alternative treatments if metronidazole does not work. If it comes back despite using clindamycin, use tinidazole.
Metronidazole is the most common antibiotic for BV.
Most common form of treatment for bacterial vaginitis.
fishy smell, bacterial vaginosis is a better guess
Bacterial-fishy smell while yeast overgrowth looks like cottage cheese
The most common types of vaginitis are:
Bacteria, yeast, and parasite