- Mar 2017
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www.yalelawjournal.org www.yalelawjournal.org
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The Rosedale residents wanted the fence to keep out crime and keep their property values up, and “there was a not insubstantial vocal segment of the Rosedale whose racist views were made readily apparent.”
Although Schindler provides sources to support her claim, I would only consider the news letter as a credential resource. It may not be as wise as to use someones blog unless they are considered as a scholarly resource.
I would normally find a newsletter or a blog post a little to bias to be considered as a scholarly resource, since more modern newsletters are meant to please a certain audience. However, in this situation I can't argue with this claim because I have witnessed such actions caused by gated communities. This worries me since we are living in 21 century and are still dealing with discriminative and judgmental issues in our communities.
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- Feb 2017
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www.yalelawjournal.org www.yalelawjournal.org
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In Schindler's argument she discusses mostly about architectural discrimination among the African American community, but in Marak's argument the issue revolves around the elderly community; this raises the question of how many of the elderly are African American or are living in African American communities? It could strengthen both arguments if there is some form of correlation between the to issues.
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Architectural Exclusion: Discrimination and Segregation Through Physical Design of the Built Environment
Schindler’s article, Architectural Exclusion: Discrimination and Segregation Through Physical Design of the Built Environment, delves into the issue of architectural segregation in our modern american society. She discusses many of the political and judicial actions that are not being taken to not resolve this issue.
She argues that our environments that have been constructed (whether it had been the MARTA of Atlanta, or the gated fences of predominately white communities) leaves a restraint on minority groups living in these communities. She adds that these communities are a result of judicial negligence and unlike other deterring architecture such as; Robert Moses’s low hanging bridges, makes life difficult for low economic communities to live in an equally balanced and distributed environment.
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Schindler’s article brings to question whether businesses architectural choices are actually based on homelessness or on race. In rosenberger’s article it talks about how some businesses design their space to deter homelessness, but in doing so create a form of segregation; not between race but by living standard. This can be considered unethical, however this could be the result of businesses trying to satisfy their customers, while unintentionally being discriminatory.
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These architectural decisions create architectural constraints: features of the built environment that function to control human behavior or hinder access—the embodiment of architectural exclusion. In the case of the cafeteria, the architectural constraint is that it is physically difficult to reach or see the junk food, and thus it is harder to access.
If Schindler claims are that architectural decisions form a hindrance or control on our environment, then the design of our architectural environments should be a fair representation of our "class" society. According to the New York Times there was a rise in discriminatory housing toward minority groups during 2015: this indicates that there may me an unbalance of power in our society.
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By including these features in a common interest community, a developer can deter unwanted potential residents—generally poor people and people of color—from buying homes in that development.
This sentence could have been made stronger if Schindler had referred to the actual built environment of these communities, but we don't get anything referring to these communities until later in the article.
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In Detroit in 1940, a private developer constructed a six-foot-high wall—known as Eight Mile Wall—to separate an existing black neighborhood from a new white one that was to be constructed.93 Historically, the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) provided financing for a new development project only if the neighborhood was sufficiently residential and racially segregated.94 In the case of the Eight Mile Wall, the FHA would not finance the new housing project unless the wall was constructed because the FHA believed that the proposed new development was too close to an existing black one.95 The wall still exists today—a legacy of discriminatory government policy—and though Detroit has experienced declines in segregation in recent years, this city is still the most racially segregated metropolitan area in the United States.
This paragraph works in the favor of the author since it gives documented historical evidence to strengthen their claim better than taking commentary or references from someone else.
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For example, a cafeteria manager who places healthier food items in a more visible and accessible location than junk food in order to nudge people toward healthier choices is guiding actions through architectural decisions. These architectural decisions create architectural constraints: features of the built environment that function to control human behavior or hinder access—the embodiment of architectural exclusion.
Schindler tries to prove a point to strengthen her argument, but it may have been a better idea to use a better example. The example she provides could be considered as more alleviated or positive, while the argument that she is conveying is more serious and negative.
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Legal scholars use architecture as an analogue in their work with the understanding that “small and apparently insignificant [architectural] details can have major impacts on people’s behavior.
The wording in this particular sentence could be rephrased better than "small and apparently insignificant" as a legal scholar could analyze both small and large details and can always miss certain details. Simply put, anything and everything in a given architectural environment can be considered crucial or insignificant.
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Throughout history, people have used varied methods to exclude undesirable individuals from places where they were not wanted. People used the law by passing ordinances saying that certain individuals could not access certain locations.24 Social norms encouraged some to threaten undesirable persons with violence if they were to enter or remain in certain spaces.
Although it outlines the reasoning and purpose of part 1, it does not provide or hint to any evidence that is brought out in part 1. It overall reveals itself to be underdeveloped or incomplete.
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atlspaceplacerhets17.robinwharton.net atlspaceplacerhets17.robinwharton.net
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*I.l:lI N V I TAT ION TOVernacular Architecture
Carter and Cromley's Invitation to Vernacular Architecture explores into the history of architecture and built environments using information collected over the course of thirty years. Their purpose is to collect and make historical accounts on architecture accessible to instructors and students. The text describes the concept of a material culture
Carter,Cromley. Invitation to Vernacular Architecture, http://atlspaceplacerhets17.robinwharton.net/wp-content/uploads/2016/08/Invitation-to-Vernacular-Architecture.pdf
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Learning to read architecture— an ability that centers on a kind of visual and spatially oriented analysis— is not easy
This can be partly true, but I do know that in art history artworks can usually be categorized by their style. This style can be used to determine the era in which the artwork came from. I can probably understand that it would be difficult to categorize an architecture based on its design with many buildings and spaces referencing designs from past eras, but if a structure does reference designs and aspects from historic architecture wouldn't that be helpful to understanding how the space effects its community.
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In the way we create and use architectural space, we say things we would never say in our journals or diaries.
One could probably draw parallels between an architectural space and one's perception of the world, that architecture represents our unspoken history of our societies and our understanding of nature even if we don't actually discuss these aspects directly.
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Rather than foregoing the status that brick afforded, they put their m oney where it would do the I most good, on the front, w here their good taste and apparent affluence could be seen by all.
Wouldn't this text be considered as a loose opinion of the structure. To say that brick would be better of in the front would be more of a preference to a certain design than rather researching how the design attributes to the house for that historic moment. However if the preference of the majority of houses during that era acquired this style, then maybe its not mere opinion.
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is often said that the past can only' be known through its remains, the trick for historians being, then, to find the best kinds ol remains to study
Does this include individuals who lived during the time in which the architecture was built, and if so can it be considered as credential to one's research or subjective? The most that I have learned about city structures in Macon and Atlanta are from My Father and he was born in the 50's.
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At some point you have to decide what it is all about. There are no intrinsic truths but only your own story of what happened.
This sentence is a very good description of a historian, which is somewhat disappointing. We are constantly rebuilding history, but at the cost of making conclusions and have several plot holes.
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. Smaller houses tend not to endure, so the material record may be skewed in favor of the elites, just as the written record is.
This can be true about Middle Georgia neighborhoods. One can find many blighted households and buildings found through Macon alone, with little research or history put into them.
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- Jan 2017
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atlspaceplacerhets17.robinwharton.net atlspaceplacerhets17.robinwharton.net
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The teacher’s space is to the front, facing out toward the students who sit in neat rows of chairs/desks, all bolted to the floor. Everyone has his (Dr her own desk— his or her own space—-reflecting the American value of individuality.
Carter and Cromley, The Invitation to Vernacular Architecture,pp.95.
I find interesting how we recently discussed this concept in class. There always appears to be a set balance of space between the student and the teacher. Since ancient Greek and Roman eras that introduced a auditorium like class setting, to present day with our smaller yet similar classrooms, there's always some form of balance created from the architectural layout of the classroom.
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Unlike other mammals, humans cannot simply live in nature; rather, we must devise ways of finding and making shelter, clothing and feeding ourselves, and producing the tools needed for survival.
I find this somewhat odd that the author would speak about human lifestyles as if we are not animals. Just like us, some other mammals have to create shelters or use tools to survive.
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