T.J. Johnson and colleagues studied several mixer designs by fabricating a series of slanted wells within a microchannel using a UV excimer laser. These wells generated a high degree of lateral transport within the channel to help induce rapid mixing between two confluent streams undergoing electroosmotic flow.

The authors demonstrated chaotic mixing in a twisted pipe with a circular cross-section.

An earlier study presented a unified and systematic account of kinematics for mixing, blending, or stirring fluids. This work suggests that fluid mixing is the methodical stretching and folding of material lines and surfaces.

The movement caused within a fluid by the forces acting on the fluid, primarily due to pressure.

Relates to the intermingling of substances by the natural movements of their molecules or particles.

Here, Burns and other collaborators developed and integrated a device that can analyze DNA through microfabricated channels, heaters, temperature sensors, and fluorescence detectors. This work was one of the first demonstrations of lab-on-a-chip systems for analyzing biological samples.

An arrangement or design consisting of columns of short parallel lines, with all lines from one column slopping in an opposite direction from the next column.

Statistics of axial dispersion through a twisted pipe with diffusive and non-diffusive tracer chaotic advection were analyzed.

Natural and artificial arrangements of physical features of an area.

The process of fabricating a structure on a micrometer or smaller scale.