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  1. Last 7 days
    1. The selected tissue blocks were cut in 3-μm sections and were immunolabeled with antibodies directed against chromogranine A (Dako, clone DAK-A3), HIF-1α (BD Biosciences, clone 54), HIF-2α (Abcam, clone ep190b), cyclin D1 (Dako, clone DCF-6), and CA9 (Novus Biological, polyclonal). Non-neoplastic pancreatic tissue was also immunolabeled with antibodies against insulin (Dako, polyclonal) and glucagon (Sigma, clone K79bB10) to differentiate endocrine microadenomas from normal islets. In addition, 5 different blocks with microadenomas obtained from 5 patients who presented at least 5 microadenomas were selected for an additional immunostaining with VEGF (Santa-Cruz Biotechnologies, polyclonal) and CD34 (Immunotech, QBEND10) for evaluation of microvessel surface.
    1. c.393 C>Aap.N131K

      53 patients with a molecularly confirmed VHL mutation (by PCR through EDTA-anticoagulated blood) and a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (ICT) were collected from the German NET-Registry and the German VHL-registry. An additional 296 patients were stated in this paper with a VHL associated germline mutation, but without pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. 1 patient was found to have the above mutation (c.393C>A). This was a VHL patient with an ICT (pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor) taken from the VHL-registry. Other clinical manifestations outside of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor are possible, but were not discussed. ACMG evidence codes: 'PP2' because they observe a missense variant in a gene where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease.

  2. Oct 2026
    1. PatientID: V233

      KindredID: V233

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: One unaffected family members were tested and found to be negative. No other family history was available.

      CohortInfo: 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N131K(c.393C>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 420074 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/420074/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:N131K(c.393C>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 233

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 members of this family were found to harbor the c.393C>A germline variant of the VHL gene. Member 5114 had no renal involvement. Member 5112 presented with mild renal disease. Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009726 (Renal neoplasm)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Mild renal disease (simple renal cyst, multicystic kidney[s], small lesion [less than 10 mm in size] of unknown significance, or small solid tumor without indication for surgical removal [less than 30 mm in size]).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Paper states that this family is previously reported in PMID 9829912, where 1 individual with this mutation is reported. It is unclear which of the members of this family this previously reported patient corresponds to.

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.N131K (c.393C>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 420074, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/420074/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: N131K (c.393C>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Sequencing of the VHL gene revealed the presence of the 393C>A (N131K) missense mutation (Fig. 1) [12]

      A case report of a 49Yo woman presenting with a spinal hemangioblastoma was reported. Molecular analysis confirmed the presence of the above mutation, 393C>A (N131K). Upon further workup, retinal hemangioblastoma, renal cysts, and a carotid body paraganglioma were identified. Familial screening showed 3 family members with a clinical diagnosis of VHL, who had all passed away before testing could be conducted. Clinical manifestations in these members included: renal cell carcinoma, retinal hemangioblastoma, and CNS hemangioblastoma.

    2. Case reportThe female patient, aged 49, reported pains in her second and third finger of the right hand that she had had for 2 years. Initial diagnosis revealed isthmus carpalis and the patient was operated on without much success—no improvement was noticed.A year later, intensifying root pains of Root C5 and C6 on the right side were the reason for performing an MRI scan of the cervical spine. The findings from the study showed an intramedullary lesion of 1.5 cm in diameter, localized at the height of C5–C6 with accompanying syrinx stretching from C3 to C7. The patient was consulted neurosurgically several times, but refused to submit to a surgical treatment. Gradually, the pains extended to the entire forearm of the upper right limb, and numbness appeared of both lower limbs. She met the clinical diagnostic criteria for VHL disease [11]. Sequencing of the VHL gene revealed the presence of the 393C>A (N131K) missense mutation (Fig. 1) [12]. VHL disease was also diagnosed in her relatives (shown in Fig. 2).

      PatientID: III:2 (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 49Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: VHL disease was diagnosed in her relatives - although no genetic testing was directly performed on them prior to death. 2/3 of her siblings and her father were affected. Her father had retinal hemangioblastoma at 30Y, CNS hemangioblastoma at 40Y and died at 41Y. Her older brother had kidney cancer and died at 48Y, and her sister had retinal hemangioblastoma at 13Y and CNS hemangioblastoma at 29Y. The case’s daughter tested negative and their other living sister.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0000107; HP:0009713; HP:0002668 (retinal capillary hemangioblastoma; renal cysts; spine hemangioblastoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient at retinal hemangioblastoma at 22Y. At 47Y she reported pains in her second and third finger of the right hand. She developed large carotid body paraganglioma at the common carotid artery bifurcation, (49Y) coexisting with a hemangioblastoma situated intramedullary in region C5/C6 (the right-sided dorsal part of the spinal cord) at 47Y). 1 year after the hemangioblastoma resection, the spinal symptoms receded and the carotid body paraganglioma still was asymptomatic. Motor issues and Babinski syndrome were also observed.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N131K (c.393C>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 420074 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/420074/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: N131K (c.393C>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Eighteen VHL patients who underwent pancreatectomy for one or several endocrine tumors at Beaujon hospital from 1997 to 2008 were retrieved from the file of VHL patients (Table 1).

      Eighteen VHL patients who underwent pancreatectomy for one or several endocrine tumors at Beaujon hospital from 1997 to 2008 were retrieved from the file of VHL patients. All patients had VHL germline mutations. Age is at the time of surgery. Patients #8 (male) was found with this germline VHL mutation (p.N131K (c.393C>A)) and pancreatic endocrine tumours. The last known age of the patient was 26Y. Other phenotypes and demographics were unknown. ACMG PP4