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  1. Last 7 days
    1. Your nervous system treats rank loss like danger.

      From a neurobiological standpoint, "rank loss" triggers the same neural circuitry as physical survival threats. This is governed by the Amgydala and the Hypothalamus, which interpret social rejection or lower perceived status as a threat to resource access. When you scroll through "promotions and launches" at 11:47 pm, your brain registers a drop in relative rank, activating the HPA (Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal) axis.

      This release of Cortisol and Adrenaline creates a state of hyper-vigilance. Research into social hierarchies shows that a perceived loss of status suppresses Serotonin levels and increases inflammatory markers. In "Empire OS," your brain is stuck in a Chronic Stress Loop, where the Prefrontal Cortex—the centre for empathy and creative problem solving—is bypassed in favour of the Basal Ganglia's repetitive, survival-based habits. You aren't just "jealous"; you are biologically reacting as if you are being exiled from the tribe.

  2. Mar 2023
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  6. Nov 2020
    1. Maze told me that his team’s latest research (not yet published) has also found this type of epigenetic marking in the brain tissues of people with major depressive disorder. Perhaps this connection even explains why antidepressant drugs take so long to be effective: If the drugs work by activating this epigenetic process, rather than just supplying the brain’s missing serotonin, it can take days or even weeks before these genetic changes become apparent.

      Antidepressants might take so long to start working because they have to induce epigenetic changes to work.

    2. serotonin has another function: It can act as one of those molecular Post-it notes. Specifically, it can bind to a type of histone known as H3, which controls the genes responsible for transforming human stem cells (the forerunner of all kinds of cells) into serotonin neurons. When serotonin binds to the histone, the DNA unwinds, turning on the genes that dictate the development of a stem cell into a serotonin neuron, while turning off other genes by keeping their DNA tightly wound. (So stem cells that never see serotonin turn into other types of cells, since the genetic program to transform them into neurons is not activated.)

      Serotonin can bind to H3 Histone and cause stem cells to become serotonin neurons.

      This research led the same team to wonder if Dopamine might act in a similar way.

      The serotonin paper is here: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30867594/

  7. Jul 2017