5 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2026
    1. Table 1. Rare nsSNVs identified in 36/44 HCM patients. A comment inferred from review of literature, in silico predictions and evolution conservation analysis, is given for each DNA change in the last column. Based on those considerations and on the type of variant, comments with a gray background highlight DNA changes predicted to be possibly pathogenetic. Comments in bold stand for DNA variants that have been previously reported as phenotype modifying factors.

      Case: Bottillo Patient 17, Female, 50 yrs at diagnosis

      CasePresentingHPOs: copy from group

      CasePresentingHPOsFreeText: NYHA functional class 2, maximal wall thickness=14mm, left ventricular mass (at CMRI)=91(mg/m2), LVEF=52%, maximal oxygen uptake=78%, diastolic dysfunction grade=3, QT interval corrected for heart rate=0.4ms, thoracic pains, met ECG hypertrophy criteria, left bundle branch block, heart failure, mild intramyocardial CMRI

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOSFreeText: family history of HCM or SCD

      CasePreviousTesting: copy from group

      CaseGenotypingMethod: copy from group

      Variant: c.4485-6T>C

      ClinVarID: or CAID: CA2573331909

      gnomAD: This proband has an intronic missense variant that is not present in gnomAD. Pt also has variants in TNNT2 (p.R84S), RBM20 (p.D20G), CAV3 (p.T78M), and MYPN (p.A135A) which are either not present in or have conflicting interpretations of pathogenicity in ClinVar. This proband is scored reduced points.

      AddCaseInfo:

      PreviouslyPublished: no

      VariantEvidence: Predicted branch-point splice site broken.

    1. Table V

      Case 905: Italian, Male, 30yo at onset

      DiseaseAssertion: HCM

      FamilyInfo: family history of HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001712 (left ventricular hypertrophy)

      CaseHPOFreeText: maximum left ventricular wall thickness of ≥15 mm, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator, heart transplantation

      CasePreviousTesting: echocardiography, Full testing (MYBPC3, MYH7, TNNT2, TNNI3, TPM1, MYL2, MYL3, ACTC1), additional testing: (GLA, LAMP2, PRKAG2), additional genes added with NGS: (TNNC1, MYH6, MYOM1, MYOZ2, ANKRD1, VCL, CALR3, CAV3)

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genomic DNA extracted from peripheral leukocytes, Sanger sequencing (73 samples), Next-gen sequencing (19 samples)

      Variant: NM_000257.3(MYH7):c.2302G>A (p.Gly768Arg)

      ClinVar: 164337, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/164337/

      gnomAD: n/a

      MultipleGeneVariants:

      (1) MYOM1 Variant:

      Variant: NM_003803.3:c.1655G>A

      CAID: CA401714383, http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA401714383

      gnomAD: n/a

    2. No. of patient (gender)Age at onset (years)LVWT (mm)AICD (yes, no)Family history of HCM/SCD (yes, no/yes, no)Other medical (recurrent or episodic) issuesLVEF (%)Mutations#890 (F)72<15aNoNo/noAortic root enlargement History of hypertension; Intermittent LBBB~50LAMP2: c.661G>A p.(Gly221Arg)#892 (F)3019NoNo/noLGE at CMR imaging; hypercholesterolemia; NSVT61MYBPC3: c.1505G>A p.(Arg502Gln) MYBPC3: c.1564G>A p.(Ala522Thr) MYBPC3: c.2311G>A p.(Val771Met)#894 (M)624NoNo/noT2DM60MYBPC3: c.2429G>A p.(Arg810His)#895 (M)58<15bYesYes/noNone26MYBPC3: c.2309-2A>G#898 (F)111NoYes/noNone70MYH7: c.5302G>A p.(Glu1768Lys)#902 (F)2519YesNo/noHypothyroidism PVC, NSVT64MYH7: c.2507T>C p.(Ile836Thr)#903 (F)5218YesNo/noMyasthenia gravis, T2DM, HepC, PVC, PACs, PSVT, SND59MYOZ2: c.488T>C p.(Leu163Ser)#905 (M)30NAYesYes/noH-txNAMYH7: c.2302G>C p.(Gly768Arg) MYOM1: c.1655G>A p.(Gly552Asp)#906 (F)5815NoNo/noNoneNAMYBPC3: c.3617G>A p.(Gly1206Asp)#907 (M)37<15aNoNo/noECG abnormalities60MYOM1: c.432-1G>T#908 (M)20<15bNoYes/noH-tx, T2DM50MYH6: c.5111C>T p.(Ala1704Val)#909 (M)31<15aNoYes/noNone75MYBPC3: c.1409G>A p.(Arg470Gln)#910 (F)1723NoNo/noNone76MYBPC3: c.639C>A p.(Tyr213*)#913 (M)1219NoNo/noAngiokeratomas right ear hearing loss Visual impairment hypothyroidism, AF, NSVT60MYBPC3: c.649A>G p.(Ser217Gly) GLA: c.718_719delAA p.(Lys240Glufs*9) MYH6: c.3883G>C p.(Glu1295Gln)914 (M)2234YesNo/noHOCM, LGE at CMR imaging, NSVT65MYBPC3: c.506-2A>C { label (or @symbol) needed for fn[@id='tfn12-ijmm-38-04-1111'] } Bold font indicates mutations in MYH6 and in genes encoding non-TTm proteins that would not been identified without NGS analysis. a Diagnosis of borderline HCM; b original diagnosis of borderline HCM has been modified in dilated cardiomyopathy. PAC, premature atrial contractions; H-tx, heart transplantation; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; LVWT, left ventricular wall thickness; SND, sinus node dysfunction; AF, atrial fibrillation; hep C, hepatitis C; LBBB, left bundle branch block; AICD, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; SCD, sudden cardiac death; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; CMR, cardiac magnetic risonance; NSVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; PVC, premature ventricular contractions; HOCM, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy; PSVT, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; NA, not available; NGS, next generation sequencing; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

      Case: Cecconi_Patient#905, male, 30 yrs old at onset of HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CasePresentingHPOsFreeText: In adults, a maximal LV wall thickness (LVWT) ≥15 mm (not provided for this proband); the maximal LVWT between 10 and 14 mm, in conjunction with other features (i.e., family history, electrocardiogram abnormalities) prompted the diagnosis of borderline HCM. LVEF is not provided. Family history of HCM.

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOSFreeText: no family history of SCD

      CasePreviousTesting: The clinical diagnosis of primary HCM was based on medical history, a physical examination and on the echocardiographic demonstration of a hypertrophied left ventricle (LV) that could not be explained by another cardiac or systemic disease.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS, Sanger Targeted NGS panel to simultaneously analyze a total of 19 genes encoding not only TTm proteins, but also other sarcomeric proteins and some non-sarcomeric proteins that cause HCM phenocopies. Sanger sequencing to ensure a depth of coverage >20X for each target nucleotide.

      Variant: c.1655G>A p.(Gly552Asp)

      ClinVarID: or CAID: CA401714383

      gnomAD: This proband has a missense variant, Gly552Asp. Not present in gnomAD. Proband has a variant in another HCM gene-MYH7.

      AddCaseInfo: history of heart transplant, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator

      PreviouslyPublished: no

      VariantEvidence: none

    3. No. of patient (gender)Age at onset (years)LVWT (mm)AICD (yes, no)Family history of HCM/SCD (yes, no/yes, no)Other medical (recurrent or episodic) issuesLVEF (%)Mutations#890 (F)72<15aNoNo/noAortic root enlargement History of hypertension; Intermittent LBBB~50LAMP2: c.661G>A p.(Gly221Arg)#892 (F)3019NoNo/noLGE at CMR imaging; hypercholesterolemia; NSVT61MYBPC3: c.1505G>A p.(Arg502Gln) MYBPC3: c.1564G>A p.(Ala522Thr) MYBPC3: c.2311G>A p.(Val771Met)#894 (M)624NoNo/noT2DM60MYBPC3: c.2429G>A p.(Arg810His)#895 (M)58<15bYesYes/noNone26MYBPC3: c.2309-2A>G#898 (F)111NoYes/noNone70MYH7: c.5302G>A p.(Glu1768Lys)#902 (F)2519YesNo/noHypothyroidism PVC, NSVT64MYH7: c.2507T>C p.(Ile836Thr)#903 (F)5218YesNo/noMyasthenia gravis, T2DM, HepC, PVC, PACs, PSVT, SND59MYOZ2: c.488T>C p.(Leu163Ser)#905 (M)30NAYesYes/noH-txNAMYH7: c.2302G>C p.(Gly768Arg) MYOM1: c.1655G>A p.(Gly552Asp)#906 (F)5815NoNo/noNoneNAMYBPC3: c.3617G>A p.(Gly1206Asp)#907 (M)37<15aNoNo/noECG abnormalities60MYOM1: c.432-1G>T#908 (M)20<15bNoYes/noH-tx, T2DM50MYH6: c.5111C>T p.(Ala1704Val)#909 (M)31<15aNoYes/noNone75MYBPC3: c.1409G>A p.(Arg470Gln)#910 (F)1723NoNo/noNone76MYBPC3: c.639C>A p.(Tyr213*)#913 (M)1219NoNo/noAngiokeratomas right ear hearing loss Visual impairment hypothyroidism, AF, NSVT60MYBPC3: c.649A>G p.(Ser217Gly) GLA: c.718_719delAA p.(Lys240Glufs*9) MYH6: c.3883G>C p.(Glu1295Gln)914 (M)2234YesNo/noHOCM, LGE at CMR imaging, NSVT65MYBPC3: c.506-2A>C { label (or @symbol) needed for fn[@id='tfn12-ijmm-38-04-1111'] } Bold font indicates mutations in MYH6 and in genes encoding non-TTm proteins that would not been identified without NGS analysis. a Diagnosis of borderline HCM; b original diagnosis of borderline HCM has been modified in dilated cardiomyopathy. PAC, premature atrial contractions; H-tx, heart transplantation; T2DM, type 2 diabetes mellitus; LVWT, left ventricular wall thickness; SND, sinus node dysfunction; AF, atrial fibrillation; hep C, hepatitis C; LBBB, left bundle branch block; AICD, automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillator; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; SCD, sudden cardiac death; LGE, late gadolinium enhancement; CMR, cardiac magnetic risonance; NSVT, non-sustained ventricular tachycardia; PVC, premature ventricular contractions; HOCM, hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy; PSVT, paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia; NA, not available; NGS, next generation sequencing; HCM, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

      Case: Cecconi_Patient#907, male, 37 yrs old at onset of HCM

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CasePresentingHPOsFreeText: In adults, a maximal LV wall thickness (LVWT) ≥15 mm (<15mm for this proband-diagnosis of borderline HCM); the maximal LVWT between 10 and 14 mm, in conjunction with other features (i.e., family history, electrocardiogram abnormalities) prompted the diagnosis of borderline HCM. LVEF of 60%

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOSFreeText: family history of HCM

      CasePreviousTesting: The clinical diagnosis of primary HCM was based on medical history, a physical examination and on the echocardiographic demonstration of a hypertrophied left ventricle (LV) that could not be explained by another cardiac or systemic disease.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS, Sanger Targeted NGS panel to simultaneously analyze a total of 19 genes encoding not only TTm proteins, but also other sarcomeric proteins and some non-sarcomeric proteins that cause HCM phenocopies. Sanger sequencing to ensure a depth of coverage >20X for each target nucleotide.

      Variant: c.432-1G>T

      ClinVarID: or CAID: CA401717111

      gnomAD: This proband has a splice site variant, c.432-1G>T. MAF=0.00001597 in European (non-Finnish) (2/125212 alleles), total allele frequency=0.000007246. No homozygotes. gnomAD v2.1.1.

      AddCaseInfo: history of ECG abnormalities

      PreviouslyPublished: no

      VariantEvidence: none

    1. 7

      Case7: Female, 13 years diagnosis, China, Asian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001667, HP:0001279 (Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, Right ventricular hypertrophy, Syncope)

      HPOsFreeText: 2 SCD risk factors, NYHA class is II, Right ventricular wall thickness 12 mm

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002092, HP:0001642, HP:0030680, HP:0011675 (Pulmonary arterial hypertension, Pulmonary stenosis, Congenital heart disease, Arrhythmia)

      NotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CaseAddInfo: N/A


      CaseGenotypingMethod: Probands' genomic DNA was extracted from blood samples. WES was performed, with the resulting sequence data mapped to a reference genome and variants filtered for pathogenicity and predicted effects. All variants identified were confirmed via Sanger sequencing of the respective genes.


      Variant reported as below, but no SNP corresponds to the variant.

      Variant: NP_000248.2:p.R719E

      ClinVar: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A


      MultipleGeneVariants:

      MYOM1 Variant:

      Variant: NM_003803.3:c.2507G>T (p.Gly836Val)

      CAID: CA8874590 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_003803.3:c.2507G%3ET

      gnomAD: East Asian 5.044e-4, Overall 3.707e-5 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/18-3129517-C-A


      AKAP9 Variant:

      Variant: NM_005751.4:c.11590T>C (p.Cys3864Arg)

      CAID: CA368165252 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvs=NM_005751.4:c.11590T%3EC

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD