https://web.archive.org/web/20250324151639/https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multiple_frequency-shift_keying

Multiple frequency-shift keying MSK as means for HF (shortwave) text transmission as it's robust in the face of noise, weak signals and fading.

https://web.archive.org/web/20250324061255/https://swradiogram.net/

This is the text-over-shortwave 'radiogram' mentioned in Vgl [[Ham amateur radio SWL 20201010070113]] Dorkweb

A proposal to revive short wave radio, esp to overcome splinternet and internet blocking conditions. Mentions radio transmitted text. Mentioning ham transceivers capable of this. Seems a suggestion, of which none of the parts currently are in place (not broadcasters, not equipment, not antennaparks (RNWO shut down their stuff in 2012, since then a tiny part goes on internet only), not receivers. Interesting though, re #2025/03/23 Ius Winterwandeling dinner conversation on SSB.