The flipped format did allow for greater flexibility and applied learning opportunities at home and during discussion sections.

the freedom to watch pre-recorded lectures at any time

There were no statistically significant differences in examination scores or students’ assessment of the course between 2015 (traditional) and 2016 (flipped)

Of course, the goal of the Mistake Game isn’t to hide a mistake. Everyone already knows that your board has a mistake.

In the case of an unintentional mistake, the presenting group always has the option to act as though it were intentional.

There is an obvious need for explaining their work, since they assume it will be different from everyone else’s.

I’ll obviously let you go up with a wrong answer on your board, but I won’t let you sit back down with one.

Good questions usually try to lead people to seeing an inconsistency or contradiction in their work.

That means it should be something that you think your classmates might actually do.

CHANGES TO THIS POLICY.

HOW WE RESPOND TO DO NOT TRACK SIGNALS. We do not currently respond to "do not track" signals or other mechanisms that might enable consumers to opt out of tracking on our Site.

Our marketing emails explain how to "opt-out." If you or your Child opts out, we may still send your Child non-marketing emails. Non-marketing emails include emails about your Child's accounts and our business dealings with your Child.

We may share personal information with other users for the purpose of providing the Services.

We reserve the right to use anonymous data for any purpose and disclose anonymous data to third parties in our sole discretion.

We use your Child's personal information to communicate about promotions, upcoming events, and other news about products and services offered by us and our selected partners.

along with any other information that your Child chooses to make public through the Site

Parents, please contact your child's school to understand the school's privacy practices.

who are under 13 years of age

If we make changes to this Privacy Policy that we believe will materially affect your rights, we will notify you by email about these changes and post a notice to our service and change the "Last Updated" date above

Flipgrid may still retain information for up to 90 days to provide customer support and prevent accidental deletion.

Users may opt-out of providing personal information to the Flipgrid application at any time by uninstalling the application. If you choose not to share locational data with Flipgrid, you may disable location services on your device and reinstall the Flipgrid mobile application or deactivate GPS on your mobile device.

The Teacher, and not Flipgrid, sets the Grid's privacy settings

We may disclose or transfer your personal Information in connection with the sale, merger, bankruptcy, sale of assets or reorganization, in whole or in part, of our company. Flipgrid's Privacy Policy will apply to transferred user data and we will notify users in such an event.

We do not sell Student data

USE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION

When a student posts content (text, images, photographs, videos, messages, comments or any other kind of content) in Flipgrid, the information contained in the posting, including any audio and image included within any video, first name, last name and email address, will be stored in our Service. Such "content" and "information" will be collectively referred to as "Content." We may collect the unique device id number of the mobile device on which a student uses the Flipgrid application. If a device a student uses to access Flipgrid has location services enabled, we may collect that information.

We may collect the unique device id number of the mobile device on which a teacher uses the Flipgrid application. If the device a teacher uses to access Flipgrid has location services enabled, we may collect that information.

A NOTE FOR SCHOOL USERS. In accordance with COPPA, schools, school districts, teachers and other educational institutions (each a "school") may act as a parent's agent and can consent to the collection, use, and disclosure of your Child's personal information on your behalf.

We will notify you of changes to our policies so you are always up to date.

We will neither advertise to students nor sell any student data.

We own the platform; we own none of the content placed by our users on Flipgrid.

These Terms, and your rights and obligations herein, may not be assigned, subcontracted, delegated, or otherwise transferred by you without our prior written consent, and any attempted assignment, subcontract, delegation, or transfer in violation of the foregoing will be null and void

INDEMNIFICATION

all fees are nonrefundable.

License

Topics about possession, control, or transfer of student-generated User content, including the review and correction by a student, parent, or legal guardian of a student of personally identifiable information, should be directed to the School User.

2.3 Modification. We reserve the right, at any time, to modify, suspend, or discontinue the Site (in whole or in part) with or without notice or liability to you.

2.2 Certain Restrictions

Student Records are and continue to be the property and under the control of the School User. School Users may request the deletion of student information, Student Records, or Student-generated User content by contacting Flipgrid at support@flipgrid.com;

grant us a nonexclusive license to view, download, reproduce, modify, create derivative works of, distribute, and display Student Records solely for the purposes discussed in these Terms

Children's Privacy Policy

School Users have additional responsibilities to the Students they represent

you are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your Account login information

Teachers and School Users

Creating an account with Flipgrid indicates that you have read and agree to comply with these Terms on behalf of yourself and/or the entity or students you represent, that you have the right and authority to bind the entity (if applicable) to these Terms, and that you will be responsible for adherence to these Terms under your Account (defined below)

Teachers need to master more than the subject matter they teach; they must also have a deep understanding of the manner in which the subject matter (or the kinds of representations that can be constructed) can be changed by the application of particular technologies

being able to recognize when information technology can assist or impede the achievement of a goal

Teachers’ deep knowledge about the processes and practices or methods of teaching and learning.

every situation is unique, and no single combination of content, technology, and pedagogy will apply for every teacher

The TPACK framework goes further by emphasizing the kinds of knowledge that lie at the intersections between three primary forms: Pedagogical Content Knowledge (PCK), Technological Content Knowledge (TCK), Technological Pedagogical Knowledge (TPK), and Technological Pedagogical Content Knowledge (TPACK)

That’s why the impulse to growth has been so fundamental to the company, which is in many respects more like a virus than it is like a business. Grow and multiply and monetise. Why? There is no why. Because.

The company’s ambition, its ruthlessness, and its lack of a moral compass scare me. It goes back to that moment of its creation, Zuckerberg at his keyboard after a few drinks creating a website to compare people’s appearance, not for any real reason other than that he was able to do it. That’s the crucial thing about Facebook, the main thing which isn’t understood about its motivation: it does things because it can.

A customers’ revolt

What this means is that even more than it is in the advertising business, Facebook is in the surveillance business.

Facebook could now put your identity together with the unique device identifier on your phone.

It’s just that it isn’t too keen on anyone apart from Facebook making any money from that content.

Its interest is in the targeting, not in the content. This is probably one reason for the change in the company’s mission statement. If your only interest is in connecting people, why would you care about falsehoods?

It’s crucial to this that Facebook has no financial interest in telling the truth.

Internet companies are working in a field that is poorly understood (if understood at all) by customers and regulators.

Certain Services

You may disable the location-based functionality of Maps by going to the Location Services setting on your iOS Device and turning off the individual location setting for Maps

o its partners and licensees to help improve their map and location-based products and services.

When you use any location-based features within Maps, such as turn-by-turn navigation, traffic and local search, various location-related and usage information may be sent to Apple, including the real-time geographic location of your iOS Device, in order to process your request and help improve Maps

When you use your device,your phone number and certain unique identifiers for your iOS Device are sent to Apple in order to allow others to reach you by your phone number

You may not rent, lease, lend, sell, redistribute, or sublicense the iOS Software.

You acknowledge that many features, built-in apps, and Services of the iOS Software transmit data and could impact charges to your data plan, and that you are responsible for any such charges.

Use of the App Store requires a unique user name and password combination, known as an Apple ID.

The iOS Software may be used to reproduce materials so long as such use is limited to reproduction of non-copyrighted materials, materials in which you own the copyright, or materials you are authorized or legally permitted to reproduce.

To the extent that Apple has preinstalled Apple-branded apps from the App Store on your iOS Device at the time of purchase (“Preinstalled Apps”), you will need to log into the App Store and associate these Preinstalled Apps with your App Store account in order to use them on your iOS Device.

Subject to the terms and conditions of this License, you are granted a limited non-exclusive license to download iOS Software Updates that may be made available by Apple for your model of the iOS Device to update or restore the software on any such iOS Device that you own or control.

iOS Software to exist on more than one Apple-branded iOS Device at a time, and you may not distribute or make the iOS Software available over a network where it could be used by multiple devices at the same time.

“Few activities cover subjects that matter to teenagers, like YouTube or Snapchat,” researchers note. “As a result, few activities encourage students to think critically about the tools they use.”

His mastery of the app store remains superficial.

Web literacy requires understanding the difference between a web browser, a search engine, or an app, and being able to leverage each.

Through offline, hands-on activities and roundtable discussions

Web literacy must become a fundamental part of our global education system

Desired Results, Evidence, and Learning Plan

FLIP as Focusing on your Learners by Involving them in the Process.

In the flipped classroom, instructors need to let go of their reliance on the lecture and focus on other ways to enhance learning by introducing active learning strategies that put students in the center of the learning experience.

designates the range of possibilities presented by combining Internet and digital media with established classroom forms that require the physical co-presence of teacher and students” (Friesen 2012)

Many blended learning practices already fit well with a vast array of hybrid face-to-face and digital experiences that students encounter in K–12 schools, including distributed learning, distance learning, or e-learning.

These tools may enhance learning experiences, but do not fundamentally shift instruction in a way that gives students some element of control.

the student learns at least in part in a supervised brick-and-mortar location away from home.

But often, online learning extends other types of control—in some cases students can choose the time at which they do their online learning, the path they want to take to learn a concept, or even the location from which they want to complete the online work—whether in a brick-and-mortar classroom or anywhere else.

students do some of their learning via the Internet.

There must be an “industrial revolution” in education, in which educational science and the ingenuity of educational technology combine to modernize the grossly inefficient and clumsy procedures of conventional education.

Each step must be so small that it can always be taken, yet in taking it the student moves somewhat closer to fully competent behavior.

What do we cultivate as signs of intelligence

but most often you want to get where you’re going efficiently

Unlike the routes of public transportation – the bus route, the subway line – routes that are prescribed for and by the collective, the car is for you and you alone. The car is another one of these radically individualistic, individualizing technologies.

The best-earning global code reviewer makes more than 17,000 bucks a month. I compare this to the typical part-time teacher in the U.S. who teaches at a college – they make about $2,000 a month.”

The company admitted that it hadn’t addressed at least one flaw in their programming: that its cars would make a right hand turn through a bicycle lane

(Spoiler alert: it won’t actually be learners – just like it’s not actually drivers – even though that’s where the interesting data comes from: not from mapping the roads, but from monitoring the traffic.)

There is another promising possibility afforded by such a model. Now consider a student learning digital dashboard that allows a learner (or others) to track learner progress within a curriculum.

With the competency-based badge model, earning a badge means that the learner met specific criteria that gives strong evidence of meeting a very specific competency.

this model emphasizes the role of instructor as a coach and mentor for each learner.

From there we include a collection of readings, resources, suggested activities, and worked examples that have potential to help one reach the competency.

What if you started by listing out the program goals? From there, you created a longer list of discrete competencies that one would need in order to demonstrate achievement of these goals

Information Literacy Modules

If so, how will they need to be contextualized?

eli9Scale

How should one balance the skills or competency represented by the badge with the granting institution’s brand?

What will your badges do for the recipient? What rewards or opportunities available to those who earn a badge will help motivate learners to complete the badge criteria or assessment process?

You might also consider who will be the issuer of record for each badgebecause that impacts its credibility, value,and meaning

In this model, the smallest building block is not a course but a competency,and each is attached to a learning experience recognized by a digital badge

The first step in constellation design is to consider what kind of achievements a badge might represent.

Does each badge serve a greater purpose than itself? What doors does it unlock for earners?

Create a badge constellation.

Do your digital badges provide official certification recognizinglearning that ismore granular, formative,or incremental?

An earned badgecommunicates a great deal about the earner, the organization that issued it, the relationship between the two, and those that seek, accept,or endorse the badge as a valued credential or certification.

As such, when developing new recognition and credential systems, the focus should not center squarely on the badge itself but on contemplating what experiences and assessments are worth certifying and on the rewards or benefits those inputs should unlock.

The University of Notre Dame

gather, evaluate, and use

nvestment of time by multiple stakeholders to ensure a meaningful mapping of outcomes and credentials

incorporate authentic evidence

Even lectures by “star” faculty were no match for active-learning sections taught by novice instructors:

MOOC advocates also failed to appreciate the existing body of knowledge about learning online, built over the last couple of decades by adventurous faculty who were attracted to online teaching for its innovative potential, such as peer-to-peer learning, virtual teamwork, and interactive exercises.

A classification algorithm is an example of a supervised machine-learning algorithm, meaning that the potential outcomes are known beforehand.

The internal water potential of a plant cell is more negative than pure water because of the cytoplasm’s high solute content

The energy in the hydrogen bonds between solute molecules and water is no longer available to do work in the system because it is tied up in the bond. In other words, the amount of available potential energy is reduced when solutes are added to an aqueous system.

When this happens, water moves to equilibrate, moving from the system or compartment with a higher water potential to the system or compartment with a lower water potential.

The potential of pure water (Ψwpure H2O) is, by convenience of definition, designated a value of zero

water potential is the difference in potential energy between a given water sample and pure water

Cholesterol

a very fine needle can easily penetrate a plasma membrane without causing it to burst

it allows the immune system to differentiate between body cells (called “self”) and foreign cells or tissues (called “non-self”

They are always found on the exterior surface of cells and are bound either to proteins (forming glycoproteins) or to lipids (forming glycolipids

and their hydrophobic membrane-spanning regions interact with the hydrophobic region of the the phospholipid bilayer

which has no charge

both inside and outside the cell

amphiphilic

Cells exclude some substances, take in others, and excrete still others, all in controlled quantities

Any time the words “significant” or “non-significant” are used.

but you also have to take notes

I mean literally draw it. Include as much detail as you need to fully understand the work.

Why should labs be reserved for the sciences?

Ask questions, observe, question our world, and, yes, experiment and gather data.

Today’s undergraduates are different.

Question the text.

Oh, and I give them a handy dandy bookmark with suggestions.

Thinking that we have to enact the policies and practices of the grade levels above us in order to prepare our students for those levels is deeply flawed.

place those elements into their curriculum

While the brain and body's development have some universal milestones we all experience, both vary significantly person to person.

Mitotic spindles are microtubule-based structures that separate chromosomes during mitosis. In most animals and fungal cells, spindle microtubules nucleate from centrosomes or spindle pole bodies. Plant cells lack such structured microtubule organizing centers, and some of their microtubules appear to nucleate from near the nuclear envelope, but very little is known about spindle formation in plants (reviewed in Bannigan et al., 2008). Vos et al. (pp. 2783–2797) provide evidence that, despite their differences, plant mitotic spindles could form via similar molecular mechanisms to those found in animals.

lead to mutations that may be passed forward to every new cell

the death of a nearby cell

Regulation of the Cell Cycle by External Events

is pulled rapidly toward the centrosome

At this time, the chromosomes are maximally condensed.

karyokinesis

cytoskeleton

During interphase, the cell grows and DNA is replicated.

two identical (clone) cells

Eukaryotic Chromosomal Structure and Compaction

natural variation found within a species.

Homologous chromosomes are the same length and have specific nucleotide segments called genes in exactly the same location, or locus.

A typical body cell, or somatic cell, contains two matched sets of chromosomes, a configuration known as diploid.

When more than two genes are being considered, the Punnett-square method becomes unwieldy

recessive X-linked traits appear more frequently in males than females.

When a female parent is homozygous for a recessive X-linked trait, she will pass the trait on to 100 percent of her offspring

(Note that different genotypic abbreviations are used for Mendelian extensions to distinguish these patterns from simple dominance and recessiveness.)

However, we know that the allele donated by the parent with green pods was not simply lost because it reappeared in some of the F2 offspring. Therefore, the F1 plants must have been genotypically different from the parent with yellow pods.

Gene variants that arise by mutation and exist at the same relative locations on homologous chromosomes are called alleles.

homologous

Mendel also proposed that plants possessed two copies of the trait for the flower-color characteristic

An example of a dominant trait is the violet-flower trait. For this same characteristic (flower color), white-colored flowers are a recessive trait

reciprocal cross

He allowed the F1 plants to self-fertilize

Conventional wisdom at that time would have predicted the hybrid flowers to be pale violet or for hybrid plants to have equal numbers of white and violet flowers.

discontinuous variation

which have a history which can be traced back for decades – they just appear fake.

In media theory, the ‘effects’ discourse describes how people reconceive themselves by representing themselves in carefully constructed imaginings – using the illusory power of names and naming.

even simple algorithms have unintended consequences

Corrections rarely have the same viral reach as fake news and propaganda which are engineered for clicks, and each new deceptive post comes without the chain of comments that discredited the previous lies.

We need to have our crap detectors on high alert, and double-check everything we can, especially if you find it popping back into your mind later.

That means they make it easy to get the “gist” of a “news” story without going to the actual article, and they attract attention away from the name of the source in their news story previews.

According to a report on “The Top 10 Companies Working on Education in Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality,” one of the “top” applications “simulates a lecture hall in virtual reality.”

Pokemon Go:

The model for DNA replication suggests that the two strands of the double helix separate during replication, and each strand serves as a template from which the new complementary strand is copied

The phosphate residue is attached to the hydroxyl group of the 5' carbon of one sugar of one nucleotide and the hydroxyl group of the 3' carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, thereby forming a 5'-3' phosphodiester bond.

phosphodiester

he injected mice with the heat-killed S strain

show that hereditary information could be transferred from one cell to another “horizontally,” rather than by descent

Some great tools for this include:

purpose beyond the immediate completion of the activity.

mRNA, carries the message from DNA, which controls all of the cellular activities in a cell

DNA Double-Helix Structure

Adenine and guanine are classified as purines. The primary structure of a purine is two carbon-nitrogen rings. Cytosine, thymine, and uracil are classified as pyrimidines which have a single carbon-nitrogen ring as their primary structure (Figure).

decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in its environment

Cholesterol is also the precursor of bile salts, which help in the emulsification of fats and their subsequent absorption by cells.

steroids have a fused ring structure

Many vitamins are fat soluble

Unsaturated fats help to lower blood cholesterol levels whereas saturated fats contribute to plaque formation in the arteries.

During this ester bond formation,

hydroxyl (OH) groups

largely nonpolar in nature

In these animals, certain species of bacteria and protists reside in the rumen (part of the digestive system of herbivores) and secrete the enzyme cellulase.

As shown in Figure, every other glucose monomer in cellulose is flipped over, and the monomers are packed tightly as extended long chains. This gives cellulose its rigidity and high tensile strength—which is so important to plant cells

Amylose and amylopectin are two different forms of starch. Amylose is composed of unbranched chains of glucose monomers connected by α 1,4 glycosidic linkages. Amylopectin is composed of branched chains of glucose monomers connected by α 1,4 and α 1,6 glycosidic linkages. Because of the way the subunits are joined, the glucose chains have a helical structure. Glycogen (not shown) is similar in structure to amylopectin but more highly branched.

Monosaccharides