5 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. As the ATP is consumed, the muscle cells are unable to keep up with the demand for respiration, O2 becomes limiting, and NADH accumulates. Cells need to get rid of the excess and regenerate NAD+, so pyruvate serves as an electron acceptor, generating lactate and oxidizing NADH to NAD+. Many bacteria use this pathway as a way to complete the NADH/NAD+ cycle.

      Slightly unrelated to the topic at hand but did this evolve in species after they started becoming more physically active? I wouldn't think that bacteria would have any use for this pathway within this specific context (generating lactic acid to meet demand for energy due to exercise). Also how important is the production of lactic acid; does the acid itself have benefits or is it simply a byproduct/tradeoff?

    1. A variety of mechanisms have emerged over the 3.25 billion years of evolution to create ATP from ADP and AMP

      I think this is implying that ADP came first and then ATP evolved from ADP but this leads me to think about how ADP came into existence. I dont think its a case similar to the phospholipid bilayer where it just happens if theres enough of the needed molecules floating around and without ATP which is what releases energy after turning into ADP, I don't understand its function or importance in organisms before

  2. Mar 2021
  3. Oct 2020
  4. Mar 2020
    1. is a statement not made by us only; although it may seem a sufficiently marvellous and incredible assertion to those who have a reputation as philosophers among Greeks and Barbarians, by some of whom, however, an idea of His existence seems to have been entertained, in their acknowledging that all things were created by the word or reason of God.

      I am not sure I understand perfectly what was said here, however, if what I believe it is being said is right I think this is a very interesting sentence. Son of God is a statement made by us, which is sufficient by itself but also by greek philosophers? As a reinforcement of this statement?