Genetic predisposition in chemotherapy‐induced cardiomyopathy in a 65‐year‐old female with metastatic breast cancer
PMID: 38616291
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Genetic predisposition in chemotherapy‐induced cardiomyopathy in a 65‐year‐old female with metastatic breast cancer
PMID: 38616291
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Functional Validation of a Novel Homozygous TTN Splice‐Site Variant Reveals Aberrant Splicing in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 42698999
Gene: TNN
HGNC ID:11949
Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Troponin T-Related Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 40615189
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: HGNC:11949
Pathogenic Variants Associated With Dilated Cardiomyopathy Predict Outcome in Pediatric Myocarditis
PMID: 34213952
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Genetic Spectrum, Clinical Characteristics, and Molecular Pathogenesis of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Requiring Heart Transplantation
PMID: 41440877
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: HGNC:11949
A86
Case#: Male, 47
DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: NR
ParentalTesting: NR
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0025169, HP:0034307, HP:0001712,
CaseHPOFreeText: Severe alterations in inter ventricular septum thickness and left ventricular posterior wall thickness
CaseNotHPOs: NR
CaseNotHPOFreeText: NR
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NA
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.423G>A
ClinVar: NR
CAID: CA422532259
gnomAD: NR
AdditionalInfo: IVST, average of 19.2 mm and LVPWT; average of 11.5 mm
Whole Exome Sequencing Identifies a Troponin T Mutation Hot Spot in Familial Dilated Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 41440877
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: HGNC:11949
proband (IV.3)
Case#: a 2‐year‐old white girl who was found to have RCM following an evaluation precipitated by the sudden death of her older brother.
DiseaseAssertion: Restrictive cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: 4‐year‐old brother presented with a sudden cardiac arrest while running on a soccer field and could not be resuscitated. Her father had restrictive physiology and arrhythmias. The TNNT2 variant was found in the father and two children
ParentalTesting: Father carried the variant. For both paternal grandparents tested negative and the proband inherited the variant from her father.
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001723, HP:0001639, HP:0031295, HP:0030718, HP:0001695
CaseHPOFreeText: "Her ECG demonstrated criteria for right and left atrial enlargement with marked repolarization abnormality. Echocardiogram revealed mild right atrial and severe left atrial enlargement (left atrial volume, 61.5 cc/m2; normal, 16–28), with mildly increased left ventricular mass and otherwise normal ventricular dimensions. Right and left ventricular systolic function was preserved. "
CaseNotHPOs: not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText: Ventricular dimensions and biventricular systolic function were reported as normal.
CasePreviousTesting: Cardiomyopathy‐based panel testing (Familion; Transgenomic, Inc., New Haven, CT) was conducted on the proband, demonstrating a single, heterozygous, variant TNNT2‐R94C (c.280C>T).
Genotyping Method: Clinical genetic testing was performed on family members using the same HCM panel test.
FunctionalAnalysis: Biophysical experiments using recombinant human TNNT2‐R94C demonstrated impaired cardiac regulation at the molecular level attributed to reduced calcium‐dependent blocking of myosin's interaction with the thin filament.
Variant: c.835C>T, p.Gln279Ter
ClinVar: 165549
CAID: CA004288
gnomAD: not reported
AdditionalInfo: not reported
Variant R94C in TNNT2‐Encoded Troponin T Predisposes to Pediatric Restrictive Cardiomyopathy and Sudden Death Through Impaired Thin Filament Relaxation Resulting in Myocardial Diastolic Dysfunction
PMID: 32098556
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Genetic Screening Reveals Heterogeneous Clinical Phenotypes in Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Troponin T2 Variants
PMID: 37108997
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
half-brother (B.III.6) carries the same pathogenic TNNT2-variant and was diagnosed with mild LV dilatation in early childhood.
Case#: Male half-brother with mild left ventricular dilation from early childhood and mild left ventricular impairment; latest reported ejection fraction was 51%.
DiseaseAssertion: DCM
FamilyInfo: several of the siblings DCM, two died at age of 12, father had DCM, and heart transplant for an individual who later died
ParentalTesting: father was an obligate carrier
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644
CaseHPOFreeText: Mild left ventricular dilation and mildly increased LV volumes
CaseNotHPOs: not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText: not reported
CasePreviousTesting: panel-based genetic test was conducted in the index patient.
Genotyping Method: panel-based genetic test was conducted in the index patient. sanger confirmation
FunctionalAnalysis: not reported
Variant: c.659_661del p.(Lys220del)
ClinVar: 43659
CAID: CA006429
gnomAD: not reported
AdditionalInfo: not reported
The patient underwent heart transplantation at the age of 26 months.
Case#: A 2-year-old girl with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) and left ventricular noncompaction, who received a heart transplant at 26 months.
DiseaseAssertion: DCM with left ventricular noncompaction
FamilyInfo: Family history revealed that three of the father’s (A.II.2) sisters (A.II.4-A.II.6) died in infancy due to cardiac failure.
ParentalTesting: The father and paternal grandmother tested positive for the same TNNT2 variant
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001644, HP:0030682, HP:0001635
CaseHPOFreeText: The heart failure signs began at 2 months and got worse. Then got a heart transplant at 26 months.
CaseNotHPOs: not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText: nothing found
CasePreviousTesting: a genetic panel test, including the genes LDB3, LMNA, MYH7, MYBPC3, and TNNT2, was performed.
Genotyping Method: Variants were confirmed in first-degree family members by Sanger sequencing.
FunctionalAnalysis: not reported
Variant: c.316G>A (p.Glu106Lys)
ClinVar: 224775
CAID: CA088557
gnomAD: not reported
AdditionalInfo: not reported
Troponin T Mutation as a Cause of Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction in a Young Patient with Previous Surgical Correction of Aortic Coarctation
PMID: 34066613
GENE: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
case of a 19-year-old boy with coarctation of the aorta who complained of mild exertional dyspnea.
Case#: 19-year-old boy with coarctation of the aorta who complained of mild exertional dyspnea.
DiseaseAssertion: dilated cardiomyopathy (DCMP). LV systolic dysfunction.
FamilyInfo: The family history was positive to sudden death (his cousin died, aged 3 months) and to DCMP and heart transplant (HT): a maternal aunt and her son who then died at 42 and 24 years old. Cascade family screening revealed a TNNT2 variant in the mother (II.1) and his cousin (IV.3).
ParentalTesting: The 19 year old brother's was tested and carried the TNNT2 variant. She was also affected by DCM. The father’s testing status was not reported.
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001680, HP:0002875, HP:0025169, HP:4000141
CaseHPOFreeText: surgically repaired coarctation of the aorta who complained of mild exertional dyspnea repaired at birth (NYHA class II–III). Cardiac MRI showed a moderately dilated, hypokinetic LV with an ejection fraction of 45%; echocardiography showed an ejection fraction around 42%.
CaseNotHPOs: not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText: Nothing was found that was correlated.
CasePreviousTesting: genetic investigations through next generation sequencing (NGS) with a panel of 325 genes, known to be associated with cardiomyopathies
Genotyping Method: targeted next generation sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: not reported
Variant: c.518G>A (p. Arg173Gln)
ClinVar: 43649
CAID: CA004727
gnomAD: not reported
AdditionalInfo: not reported
Rare variant mutations identified in pediatric patients with dilated cardiomyopathy
PMID: 21483645
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
The proband
Case#: Female, 6, non-Hispanic white
DiseaseAssertion: Dilated Cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: Father and Paternal uncle diagnosed with DCM at age 34.
ParentalTesting: Her father underwent cardiac screening based on family history several years later at age 34
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001640
CaseHPOFreeText: NA
CaseNotHPOs: NA
CaseNotHPOFreeText: Acute viral illness and gastroenteritis
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Sanger Sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.149A>G
ClinVar: 2005620
CAID: CA344207232
gnomAD: 1:201337304 T / C
AdditionalInfo: NA
The role of sarcomere gene mutations in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
PMID: 19293840
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
the male index
Case#: Male, 65
DiseaseAssertion: Idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo:None of his five siblings were affected
ParentalTesting: NR
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005110
CaseHPOFreeText: Slow progression to severe heart failure
CaseNotHPOs: NR
CaseNotHPOFreeText: NR
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Bidirectional dna sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.869A>G
ClinVar: 4881578
CAID: CA344201883
gnomAD: NA
AdditionalInfo: HTX. The index patient carried a known TNNT2 K247R mutation as well as two novel intronic variants in MYH7 (IVS39+7C>A) and MYBPC3 (IVS25+13T>A).
Family M25
Case5: 65 year-old male
DiseaseAssertion: carried a known TNNT2 K247R mutation as well as two novel intronic variants in MYH7 (IVS39+7C>A) and MYBPC3 (IVS25+13T>A)
FamilyInfo: None of his five siblings were affected, judged by their clinical presentation, nor was there any history of cardiac disease or sudden death in the family.
ParentalTesting:NR
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0003677, HP:0012828, HP:0001635, HP:0005110, HP:0034307, HP:0012666,
CaseHPOFreeText: had late-onset at age 47 IDC, with a slow progression to severe heart failure and subsequently HTX. He also suffered from atrial fibrillation in the later stages of his disease. Had left ventricular end diastolic diameter (in mm and indexed by body surface area (cm/m2)) with a value of 68mm and 3.4cm/m2. As well with 30% of left ventricular ejection fraction. His ECG is normal, clinical status is heart transplantation from the age of 56. CAG is normal.
CaseNotHPOs:NR
CaseNotHPOFreeText:NR
CasePreviousTesting:NR
Genotyping Method:Genetically screened, also using GenBank with PCR by amplifying the coding region
FunctionalAnalysis: The variant could thus possibly result in the synthesis of a limited amount of the slightly modified β-myosin. The functional significance of this is not easily established, but it suggests that the variant may be a disease modifier.
Variant:NM_001276345.2:c.869A>G
ClinVar:4881578
CAID:CA344201883
gnomAD:NR
AdditionalInfo: MYH7 (IVS39+7C>A) increased the likelihood of a cryptic donor splice site to 70%, possibly resulting in the synthesis of mRNA coding for a β-myosin with a C terminus of –VGLE instead of –GLNEE. As the variant is located in the last exon, the faulty spliced mRNA is probably not degraded but results in the synthesis of a modified protein.
Rare variant mutations in pregnancy-associated or peripartum cardiomyopathy
PMID: 20458009
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
The proband
Case#: Female, 20, non-Hispanic white
DiseaseAssertion: Peripartum cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: NR
ParentalTesting: NR
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0034807, HP:0001640
CaseHPOFreeText: NA
CaseNotHPOs: NA
CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: demonstrated decreased calcium sensitivity, which indicated that this mutation was likely to be disease causing
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.505C>G
ClinVar: 2953222
CAID: CA344204620
gnomAD: NR
AdditionalInfo: PPCM was diagnosed one week postpartum.
Multiple Independent Gene Disorders Causing Bardet–Biedl Syndrome, Congenital Hypothyroidism, and Hearing Loss in a Single Indian Patient
PMID: 37626566
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
a 20-year-old, female, adopted Indian patient with over 662 Mb regions of homozy-gosity who presented with intellectual disability, ataxia, schizophrenia, retinal dystrophy, moder-ate-to-severe progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), congenital hypothyroidism, cleft mi-tral valve with mild mitral valve regurgitation, and dysmorphic features.
Case#: a 20-year-old, female, adopted Indian patient with over 662 Mb regions of homozy-gosity who presented with intellectual disability, ataxia, schizophrenia, retinal dystrophy, moder-ate-to-severe progressive sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), congenital hypothyroidism, cleft mi-tral valve with mild mitral valve regurgitation, and dysmorphic features.
DiseaseAssertion: a cleft mitral valve with mild regurgitation
FamilyInfo: adopted
ParentalTesting: not reported
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001249, HP:0001251, HP:0100753, HP:0000556, HP:0000407, HP:0000851, HP:0001633, HP:0001653
CaseHPOFreeText: cleft mitral valve and dysmorphic features
CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001638
CaseNotHPOFreeText: echocardiograms at 18 were normal
CasePreviousTesting: genetic testing, including targeted panel analysis, exome sequencing on a clinical basis, and a research-based review of her raw clinical exome data, led to identifying at least three causal gene disorders to explain distinct aspects of her complex phenotype.
Genotyping Method: Genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) microarray analysis was clinically performed, with no pathogenic deletions or duplications detected.
FunctionalAnalysis: not reported
Variant: NM_001001430.2:c.68-1592
ClinVar: not reported
CAID: CA032911
gnomAD: total allele frequency: 0.00004522
AdditionalInfo: n/r
a 50-year-old man, was diagnosed with HCM at the age of 41 years.
Case#: A 50-year-old man diagnosed with HCM at age 41, with asymmetric septal hypertrophy and exertional chest discomfort and pain
DiseaseAssertion: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: His third elder sister, niece and daughter were also clinically affected by HCM. The proband's mother and eldest sister had suffered from sudden cardiac death. The proband's father, second elder sister (HCM1 in Fig. 1A), nephew (HCM5 in Fig. 1A) and son (HCM7 in Fig. 1A) were 87, 65, 35, and 14 years old, respectively, and had normal echocardiographic measurements.
ParentalTesting: The mother had died suddenly; the 87-year-old father had normal echocardiographic measurements. There was no testing reported.
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0005144, HP:0100749, HP:0011712
CaseHPOFreeText: chest distress and chest pain during exercise for 9 years. He presented with an asymmetric hypertrophic interventricular septum and a maximum interventricular septum thickness of 18.04 mm
CaseNotHPOs: not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText: no findings found in the proband
CasePreviousTesting: nothing reported in the article
Genotyping Method: hole exome sequencing (WES) Exons were captured using Sure Select Human All Exon V5 kit. Sequenced by Illumina HiSeq 4000 sequencer.
FunctionalAnalysis: not reported
Variant: rs796925245 (g.1:201359630G>A, c.835C>T, p.Gln279Ter) (c.835C>T, p.Gln279Ter)
ClinVar: 1175037
CAID: CA088451
gnomAD: not reported
AdditionalInfo: n/r
A novel nonsense mutation in TNNT2 in a Chinese pedigree with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
PMID: 32846832
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Serine biosynthesis as a novel therapeutic target for dilated cardiomyopathy
PMID: 35728000
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
15-year-old patient
Case#: 15
DiseaseAssertion: Dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: NR
ParentalTesting: NR
CasePresentingHPOs: NA
CaseHPOFreeText: decreased cardiac contractility
CaseNotHPOs: NA
CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.577C>T
ClinVar: 834548
CAID: CA088264
gnomAD: NR
AdditionalInfo: NA
Mutation Type is Not Clinically Useful in Predicting Prognosis in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 21135372
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Functional annotation of TNNT2 variants of uncertain significance with genome-edited cardiomyocytes
PMID:30565988
Gene:TNNT2
HGNC ID:11949
A 65-year-old woman with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy underwent gene panel testing that identified a single variant, TNNT2 E251D
Case#:A 65-year-old woman with severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
DiseaseAssertion:Severe hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo:no information reported
ParentalTesting:no parental testing reported
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0001639
CaseHPOFreeText: gene panel testing that identified a single variant
CaseNotHPOs: not found
CaseNotHPOFreeText: not found
CasePreviousTesting: gene panel testing that identified a single variant
Genotyping Method:clinical gene panel testing
FunctionalAnalysis: rapid insertion of TNNT2 gene variants into induced pluripotent stem cell-differentiated cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) for functional annotation of the variants for (E251D)(Figure B)
Variant:c.753G>T (p.Glu251Asp)
ClinVar:not found
CAID:CA090003
gnomAD:not found
AdditionalInfo:not reported
A TNNT2 variant in a sporadic case of dilated cardiomyopathy: a case report and review
PMID:41969674
Gene:TNNT2
HGNC ID:11949
A 41-year-old male proband diagnosed with DCM underwent comprehensive clinical evaluation.
Case#:male, 41, DCM
DiseaseAssertion:dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo:The proband reported that his mother died suddenly at approximately 35 years of age (specific cause unknown). Other family members were healthy with no history of cardiac disease. Written informed consent was obtained from all participants.
ParentalTesting:no parental testing reported. Sanger sequencing of available family members (daughter, half-brother, maternal uncle and maternal aunt) confirmed that none carried the variant, supporting its de novo origin
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0002875, HP:0001644, HP:4000141, HP:6000313
CaseHPOFreeText: ECG showed sinus bradycardia, occasional atrial premature beats, delayed atrioventricular conduction, left atrial enlargement, left ventricular high voltage, incomplete right bundle branch block, and ST-T changes (Figure 1C). CMR revealed late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) in the basal to mid-septal and anterolateral segments of the left ventricle (Figure 1D).
CaseNotHPOs:HP:0000822, HP:0003077
CaseNotHPOFreeText:He denied a history of hyperlipidemia, hypertension, or substance abuse.
CasePreviousTesting:No reports of previous testing
Genotyping Method:whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis:not reported
Variant:c.547C>T p.Arg183Trp
ClinVar:43628
CAID:CA004294
gnomAD:Overall allele frequency: 0.000001239
AdditionalInfo:not reported
a 40-year-old woman with a history of hypokinetic-dilative cardiomyopathy and heterozygous for TNNT2 gene mutation
Case#:a 40-year-old woman with a history of hypokinetic-dilative cardiomyopathy and heterozygous for TNNT2 gene mutation
DiseaseAssertion:hypokinetic-dilative cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: her family appreciated the clear communication, and as her condition improved without further complications, she expressed gratitude for the care provided.
ParentalTesting:n/r
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0001644, HP:0002094, HP:0002094, HP:0001695,
CaseHPOFreeText:Progressive dyspnea and fatigue began in January 2017. In February 2018, the patient had cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation at 26 weeks’ gestation, followed by emergency caesarean section. She carried a heterozygous TNNT2 variant (c.547C>T, p.Arg183Trp)
CaseNotHPOs: HP:0031972, HP:0031972
CaseNotHPOFreeText:Coronary angiography showed no significant stenosis.
CasePreviousTesting:Testing method and scope
GenotypingMethod:n/a
FunctionalAnalysis:not reported
Variant: c.547C>T p.Arg183Trp)
Clinvar:not known
CAID:CA391630526
gnomAD:n/r
AdditionalInfo:n/r
Air bubbles around the heart: a rare case report of pneumohydropericardium in heart transplantation
PMID : 40008267
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Diagnostic Yield of Whole Exome Sequencing in Pediatric Dilated Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 29367541
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Genetic cardiomyopathy mimicking isolated cardiac sarcoidosis: Diagnostic challenges with positron emission tomography
PMID:39905734
Gene:TNNT2
HGNC ID:11949
a 50‐year‐old male who was clinically diagnosed with isolated CS and prescribed with prednisolone without much effect, and subsequent genetic analysis revealed pathogenic variants in LMNA and TNNT2, representative genes for cardiomyopathy.
Case#: a 50‐year‐old male who was clinically diagnosed with isolated CS and prescribed with prednisolone without much effect, and subsequent genetic analysis revealed pathogenic variants in LMNA and TNNT2, representative genes for cardiomyopathy.
DiseaseAssertion:Dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: not reported
ParentalTesting: He had no family history of heart disease or sudden death
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0002094,HP:0005110,HP:0025169, HP:0005110
CaseHPOFreeText:Progressive cardiac conduction disease: first-degree AV block with left axis deviation on an earlier ECG progressed to high-grade and then complete AV block. At age 50, the patient also had mild dyspnoea on exertion (New York Class ll) and atrial fibrillation. The authors later stated that it was dilated cardiomyopathy.
CaseNotHPOs:HP:0033608,HP:0002716
CaseNotHPOFreeText:CT showed no enlarged lymph nodes, pulmonary nodules, or other organ abnormalities
CasePreviousTesting: whole‐exome sequencing analysis to evaluate the risk of inherited cardiomyopathies and identified two missense variants in TNNT2 (chr1:201364335(hg38), NM_001001430.3, c.422G>A, p.Arg141Gln) and LMNA (chr1:156136096(hg38), NM_170707.4, c.1132A>C, p.Lys378Gln) (Figure 3). Sanger sequencing analysis identified a heterozygous single‐base substitution (c.1132A>C) in the LMNA gene and c.422G>A in the TNNT2 gene (red arrows).
Genotyping Method:Whole-exome sequencing (WES) identified the variants; Sanger sequencing of the TNNT2 and LMNA variants is shown in Figure 3.
FunctionalAnalysis:Not reported
Variant:TNNT2: NM_001001430.3:c.422G>A (p.Arg141Gln),LMNA: NM_170707.4:c.1132A>C (p.Lys378Gln)
ClinVar:43637
CAID:CA004540
gnomAD:not reported
AdditionalInfo:not reported
PMID: 28815794
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Late Onset Sporadic Dilated Cardiomyopathy Caused by a Cardiac Troponin T Mutation
PMID:20973921
Gene:TNNT2
HGNC ID:11949
A 70‐year‐old woman, previously healthy with a left ventricular ejection fraction of 50%–55% at age 69, presented with DCM of unknown cause and a 4‐month history progressive heart failure requiring cardiac transplantation.
Case#:A 70‐year‐old woman, previously healthy with a left ventricular ejection fraction presented with DCM
DiseaseAssertion:dilated cardiomyopathy and a 4-month history of progressive heart failure
FamilyInfo:"Family history was negative for IDC or heart failure (Figure 3), although an uncle (II‐3) reportedly had an enlarged heart, and three other relatives (II‐1, II‐2, and III‐4) had cardiac related deaths confirmed by death certificate. The proband’s father (II‐1) died of myocardial failure and pulmonary edema; her mother (II‐2) died of pulmonary embolism; and her sister (III‐4) died suddenly of coronary artery disease in her 60s. Her daughter, the proband’s niece (IV‐3), had a history of palpitations and lower extremity swelling, intermittent numbness, and blanching of the fingers at age 49. Her echocardiogram was normal. Her ECG showed nonspecific ST‐T wave changes and left anterior hemiblock."
ParentalTesting:no parental testing reported because both parents were deceased. The two offsprings that were reported were tested and carried both variants.
CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0001644, HP:0001635, HP:0002875, HP:0012378
CaseHPOFreeText:symptoms of progressive dyspnea on exertion and fatigue that began 2–3 months prior to her presentation. Also, she had an unrelenting progression of symptoms and was hospitalized with advanced NYHA Class IV heart failure 6 weeks later. Lastly, she received a heart transplant.
CaseNotHPOs:not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText:no myocarditis or infiltrative process and no histological evidence of hemochromatosis,
CasePreviousTesting:Oligonucleotide hybridization‐based DNA sequencing was conducted in the proband for a panel of 19 DCM genes ( Table 1 )
Genotyping Method:Oligonucleotide hybridization‐based DNA sequencing and genomic DNA was extracted from whole blood and was sequenced in our laboratory in both directions to detect and/or confirm nucleotide variants in TNNT2 in the proband and the proband’s relatives using an Applied Biosystems 3130XL capillary sequencer
FunctionalAnalysis:R139H (Figure 4): Functional studies in porcine cardiac skinned fibers reconstituted with the mutant R139H troponin T protein showed decreased Ca2+ sensitivity at pH 7, characteristic of DCM.
Variant:416G>A (R139H) in exon 10 and 690–6G>A in intron 13.
ClinVar:not found
CAID:CA004513
gnomAD:not found
AdditionalInfo:not reported
The proband
Case#: Female, Hispanic, 4
DiseaseAssertion:Dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: Uncle who died at a young age of sudden cardiac death.
ParentalTesting:
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001638
"severe decompensated cardiomyopathy at age 4."
CaseHPOFreeText: NR
CaseNotHPOs: NR
CaseNotHPOFreeText:NR
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: commercial genetic testing and Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis:
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.*187C>T
ClinVar: NR
CAID:CA2649785730
gnomAD:NR
AdditionalInfo:
PMID: 26498512
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Myosin-binding Protein C Compound Heterozygous Variant Effect on the Phenotypic Expression of Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 28538763
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
The proband
Case#: Male, 17
DiseaseAssertion: hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: All family members were asymptomatic, with normal TTE and ECG, with no evidence of VH.
ParentalTesting:
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001639, HP:0001279, HP:0001670, HP:0032092, HP:0031295
CaseHPOFreeText: diastolic type II dysfunction,
CaseNotHPOs: NR
CaseNotHPOFreeText: NR
CasePreviousTesting: genetic analysis of the proband was performed through direct sequencing of the three sarcomere genes: MYH7, MYBPC3 and TNNT2
Genotyping Method: Sanger Sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NR
ClinVar:NR
CAID: NR
gnomAD: NR
AdditionalInfo: underwent clinical and cardiovascular examination, including a 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG), transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and 24-hour Holter monitoring. TNNT2 sequenced, but not reported.
The index patient
Case#: Female, 4 months, Swedish
DiseaseAssertion: dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: Strong family history of DCM and faily history of SCD due to DCM. Maternal grandfather had enlarged left ventricle.
ParentalTesting:
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005162, HP:0031295, HP:0001653,
CaseHPOFreeText: enlarged left ventricle,
CaseNotHPOs:HP:0011947
CaseNotHPOFreeText: circulatory collapse
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: Sanger sequencing
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.548G>A
ClinVar:43649
CAID: CA004727
gnomAD:NR
AdditionalInfo: During cardiac catheterization, cardiac resuscitation due to circulatory collapse was needed.
Novel Genetic Variants in BAG3 and TNNT2 in a Swedish Family with a History of Dilated Cardiomyopathy and Sudden Cardiac Death
PMID: 28669108
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Setting up Multiplex Panels for Genetic Testing of Familial Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy Based on Linkage Analysis
PMID: 27141495
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
A myosin activator improves actin assembly and sarcomere function of human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes with a troponin T point mutation
PMID: 27199119
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Is genomic screening necessary for fetuses who suffer moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation?
PMID: 31770195
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
The baby was born
Case#: Female, 6 months
DiseaseAssertion: Dilated cardiomyopathy
FamilyInfo: Mother was age 40 at time of birth, which is a high-risk factor for birth defects
ParentalTesting:
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0031664, HP:0010438, HP:0005162
CaseHPOFreeText: blood pressure of the four limbs was "92/44 mmHg at the right upper limb, 96/58 mmHg at the left upper limb, 101/60 mmHg at the right lower limb, and 103/54 mmHg at the left lower limb." Enlarged heart boundaries. Shifted apex.
CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000975
CaseNotHPOFreeText: decreased milk consumption
CasePreviousTesting: NR
Genotyping Method: genomic sequencing.
FunctionalAnalysis: NR
Variant: NM_001276345.2:c.548G>A
ClinVar:43649
CAID:CA004727
gnomAD: NR
AdditionalInfo:
the proband
Case#: Japanese female
DiseaseAssertion: Mild cardiac hypertrophy and asymmetric septal hypertrophy with myocardial hypertrophy increasing.
FamilyInfo: mother and grandmother showed phenotype. Probands mother has the Arg92Trp mutation of TNNT2.
ParentalTesting:not reported
CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001670
CaseHPOFreeText: not reported
CaseNotHPOs:not reported
CaseNotHPOFreeText:not reported
CasePreviousTesting: DNA analysis
Genotyping Method: Patients with familial HCM
FunctionalAnalysis:not reported
Variant:NM_001276345.2:c.107A>T
ClinVar:not reported
CAID:CA344207376
gnomAD:not reported
AdditionalInfo: pedigree and phenotype associated with Family C.
PMID: 27082122
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Human-Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell–Derived Cardiomyocyte Model for TNNT2 Δ160E-Induced Cardiomyopathy
PMID: 35861968
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: HGNC:11949
Late gadolinium enhancement cardiovascular magnetic resonance in genotyped hypertrophic cardiomyopathy with normal phenotype
PMID: 19087273
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11849
Cardiac troponin T mutation in familial cardiomyopathy with variable remodeling and restrictive physiology
PMID: 18651846
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
A Novel Arginine to Tryptophan (R144W) Mutation in Troponin T (cTnT) Gene in an Indian Multigenerational Family with Dilated Cardiomyopathy (FDCM)
PMID: 24992688
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949
Mutations in the cardiac troponin T gene show various prognoses in Japanese patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
PMID: 23494605
Gene: TNNT2
HGNC ID: 11949