EN: Thermal energy is the total kinetic energy of the particles in matter (microscopic motion). - Generally, higher temperature means greater average particle kinetic energy. - Thermal energy can be transferred as heat when there is a temperature difference.

中文：热能（更准确地说是与温度有关的内能部分）来自物质内部粒子的微观运动动能总和。 - 温度越高，粒子平均动能越大。 - 有温差时，热能会以“热量”的形式传递。