for - essay Claude CEO - risks of AI

for - AI constitution - Deep Humanity?

for - Deep Humanity - AI crisis - spiritual singularity

for - Johari Window - unknown unknown - AI

for - progress trap - AI - inequality

for - progress trap - AI - democracies becoming autocracies - Hitler - Trump

for - definition - virtual Bismarck

for - progress trap - AI - propaganda - brainwashing

for - progress trap - AI - Panopticon - Orwellian

for - progress trap - AI - arms race amongst dictators! - Trump - Putin - Kim Jong Un

for - progress trap - AI - misuse of power - Palantir?

for - Claude AI - prohibition against developing weapons - can be jailbroken

for - definition - mirror life - progress trap

for - progress trap - synthetic biology - left handed life

for - progress trap - AI - technology as an amplifier - technology acts as an amplifier, allowing humans to fly, to move at speeds faster than any known animal, to lift things no living creature can, etc - The danger is ignorance and polarized views combined with extreme self-rightiousness

for - progress trap - AI - legislation required - tell it to Trump!

for - progress trap - AI - rogue AI vendors - like Grok

for - AI - progress trap - interpretability testing - deception - Is it possible that AI could even change their node behavior as a deceptive move?

for - AI - testing - interpretability - neuroscience techniques

for - AI - training - grown, not built

for - definition - interpretability - Claude training

for - progress trap - AI - hackers - hack the AI constitution

for - definition - constitutional AI

for - progress trap - AI - metaphor - psychopath with a nuclear bomb

for - progress trap - AI - abstraction - progress trap - AI with feelings & AI without feelings - no win? - One major and obvious aspect of current AI LLMs is that they are not only artificial in their intelligence, but also artificial in their lack of real world experiences. They are not embodied (and it would likely be a highly dubious ethical justification for their embodiment as in AI - powered robots) - Once we have the first known AI robot killing a human, it will be an indicator we have crossed the Rubicon - AI LLMs have ZERO realworld experience AND they are trained as artificial COGNITIE intelligence, not artificial EMOTIONAL intelligence - Without having the morals and social norms a human being is brought up with, it can become psychotic because they don't intrinsically value life - To attempt to program them with morals is equally dangerous because of moral relativity. A Christian nationalist's morality might be that anyone who is associated with abortions don't have a right to live and should be killed - an eye for an eye. Or a jihadist and muslim extremist with ISIS might feel all westerners do not have a right to exist because they don't follow Allah. - Do we really want moral programmability? - When we have a psychotic person armed with a lethal weapon, that is a dangerous situation. If we have a nation of super geniuses who go rogue, that is danger multiplied many orders of magnitude.

for - AI - progress trap - training - movies like Terminator - This is a case of reality imitating movies - Another example - humans mismanagement of the biosphere and elite abuse and intransigency

for - AI - progress trap - developing harmful traits

for - AI - progress trap - AI won't always listen to humans - probably due to unintentional design

for - progress trap - AI - 5 risks - autonomy - misuse for destruction - misuse for seizing power - economic disruption - indirect effects

for - AI progress trap - Trump

for - AI progress trap - ie. Trump family investing heavily in AI

for - this essay is about the negative impacts of powerful AI

for - AI - powerful AI - 1 to 2 years away

for - AI - status - writing most of the code at Anthropic

for - conversation - Michael Levin - Buddhist monks - reincarnation!

for - definition - freedom of embodiment - Michael Levin

for - future human - Michael Levin - the 6 million dollar man!

for - Michael Levin - morphic genetic code

for - sensory substitution - haptic - David Eagleman - feel another person's sensations - feel a group response on twitter

for - David Eagleman - sensory substitution - augmented vision

for - longevity - Blueprint protocol - oh yes, this fellow. How many people would want to live this way?

for - stats - aging - population of people over 60 - 2024 - 900 million plus - 2050 - 2 billion

for - longevity - shadow side - transhumanism - longevity - progress trap

for - adjacency - Craig Venter - Jeffrey Epstein - transhumanism - too bad for Epstein that he was prematurely unalived!

for - book - Progress: A History of Humanity's Worst Idea - author - Samuel Miller McDonald - from - youtube - interview - Planet Critical - Samuel Miller McDonald --- https://hyp.is/r-hmFtjKEfCd8odATbINbA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEhmWEDkZUQ

for - Michael Levin - Teleology

for - youtube - Democracy Now - Empire in Decline

for - TED talk - implicate order - penrose tiles - Arabic tiles

for - from - Youtube - LLMs are dead! - https://hyp.is/iRe3QuxFEfCGYzMyXPsieQ/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BrNn1TcNK5s

SRG comment - Yann Lecun's thesis is that current LLMs only mimick half of humans cognitive capacities - the purely linguistic, and this is quite an abstraction. Human reasoning depends on the other important part, embodied experience. - A more accurate AI would take into account the embodied aspects of human learning that are the necessary context for linguistic affordance to develop

for - war - everywhere - again

for - Outercom - bird language

for - Yann Lecun - paper - Yann Lecun - AI - LLMs are dead - language is optional for reasoning - to paper - VL-JEPA: Joint Embedding Predictive Architecture for Vision-language - https://hyp.is/eSxi8OxGEfCF7QMFiWL9Fg/arxiv.org/abs/2512.10942

Comment - That language and reasoning are separate is obvious. - If we look at the diversity of life and its ability to operationalize goal seeking behavior, that already tells you that - Michael Levin's research on goal-seeking behavior of organisms and the framework of multi-scale competency architecture validates Lecun's insight - Orders of magnitude fewer efficiency of Lecun's team's prototype compared to LLM also validates this

for - definition - memex

for - cooperative - Italy

for - science - Buddhism - both need to be updated

for - definition - femto Buddhism

for - Micheal Levin - self - Buddhism

for - communication - with cells - Michael Levin

for - YouTube - Michael Levin - Forbes interview

• SRG comment - Michael Levin - learning & intelligence - nontraditional

for - learning - even chemical networks can learn! don't need living system! - Michael Levin

for - intelligence - take from behavior / cognitive science - apply to molecular networks & tissues - Michael Levin

for - definition - intelligence - Michael Levin - to be able to use tools to find new ways to solve problems (reach goals)

for - cognition - not just restricted to brains in 3d space.

for - Josh Bongard - collaborator of Micheal Levin

for - anthrobots - made from hman tracheal epithelium cells

for - synthetic life xenobots - made from frog skin

for - human hubris - bubble sort - Michael Levin

for - youtube - interview - Michael Levin - Where biology goes off the rails

for - youtube - interview - Michael Levin - 20 questions

• SRG comment - Michael Levin interview - this one nice and casual!

for - best advice - Michael Levin - don't worry too much about what others say

for - planaria - don't age - life of same individual is 400 million years old - don't age

for - planaria tail regenerates head - not all information is contained in the brain

for - planaria - chop of head - tail will regenerate head

for - planaria - regenerate

for - planaria - amazing creatures - Michael Levin

for - Trump - World Liberty Corruption

for - rammed earth - waterproof layer - casein (milk) wash

for - Rammed Earth

for - building - rammed earth - research - Lehm Ton Erde Factory - rammed earth research - to - Lehm Ton Erde - https://hyp.is/wUejiNp7EfCkV88qE6w2Ng/www.lehmtonerde.at/en/products/wall/

for - regeneration - reefs - New York - Billion Oyster Project

for - Yuval Noah Harari - youtube - Big Think - Yuval Noah Harari - Why advanced societies fall for mass delusion

• SRG comment - mass delusion -
• A good talk that looks at the dangers posed by AI:
  • it can be considered a legal person and autonomously derail institutions and the legal system
  • it can amplify the harmful control of dictators and authoritarian leaders
  • information is not truth. Truth is a rare form of information and overloading information systems with fictions is a way for totalitarian leaders to gain mass following

for - definition - information fast

for - quote - be mindful of what you feed your mind - Yuval Noah Harari - lots of people are very mindful what they feed their body. We should be equally mindful about what we feed our mind.

for - progress trap - social media - misinformation - AI algorithms hijacking and pretending to be human

for - progress trap - AI - totalitarian government - can exploit for centralized, non-self-correcting control

for - totalitarian systems - a little truth plus a lot of fiction

for - quote - flooded with misinformation - Yuval Noah Harari - The more we flood the world with information, - unless we make the effort to construct institutions that invest in truth, - we'll be flooded by fiction, illusion, delusion and junk information.

for - comparison - information and truth - truth is a very special type of information

for - nationalism - role of - makes us care beyond a small dunbar number

for - large scale human systems - are a combination of - mythology and bureaucracy

for - comparison - self correcting mechanisms - science has - religions don't have

for - example - no self-correcting mechanism in religion - 10th commandment and slaves

for - AI - need for self-correcting institutions that regulate AI

for - comparison - democracy vs dictatorship - self-correcting vs no self-correcting mechanism

for - democracy - elections - are a self correcting mechanism

for - progress trap - AI can become political lobbyist for increasing rights of AI

for - progress trap - AI as legal person (US Corporation) - richest person in the world could be an AI

for - AI - Alien Intelligence, not Artificial Intelligence - It is not an Artifact that we create and control

for - futures - AI - millions of AI bots making decisions about us

for - surveillance state - AI makes it possible

for - surveillance state - Yuvah Noah Harari

for - comparison - humans vs machines - organic vs inorganic

for - AI - AlphaGo - analogy - humans stuck on small island for 2,000 years

for - progress cheerleaders - response to - to - progress - Jason Hickel - responds to Steven Pinker - to - progress - Jason Hickel - responds to Bill Gates - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjacobin.com%2F2019%2F02%2Fsteven-pinker-global-poverty-neoliberalism-progress&group=vnpq69nW

for - public good - being eroded

• SRG comment - public good being eroded - reference
• to - the Volcker Shock - Anna Bocca - How the Rich took over the Economy
  • https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAV0bkTHui8
  • Anna explains how all this privatization began in the video

for

• SRG comment - this is also explained in Anna Bocca's video
• to - the Volcker Shock - Anna Bocca - How the Rich took over the Economy
  • https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAV0bkTHui8

for - Our World in Data - discredited website - mix legitimate with illegitimate research to advance a biased ideology

for - progress champion - Steven Pinker - discredited - one example of many - outright lie - he says violence committed BY indigenous Uruguay people but it was colonialist violence done TO THEM!

for - book - Better Angels - Steven Pinker - inspired literature debunking him - to - progress - Jason Hickel - responds to Steven Pinker - to - progress - Jason Hickel - responds to Bill Gates - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fjacobin.com%2F2019%2F02%2Fsteven-pinker-global-poverty-neoliberalism-progress&group=vnpq69nW

for - progress - Steven Pinker - cheerleader of

for - progress trap - AI

for - AI - ponzi scheme - keep the progress narrative alive - while everything else is falling apart

for - history - progress - Francis Fukuyama - liberalism won - calling the bluff

for - history - progress - secular golden age promise - can procastinate by pushing it forward to the next generation

for - history - progress - religious golden age - is post death

for - history - progress - promised land - contemporary mythical promises - nothing new

for - history - contemporary society - reverse enightenment

for - observation - anti-science blowback

• SRG comment- anti- science blowback - competing narratives now out in the open, gaining momentum

for - history - Trump - back into age of religosity. He claims, like former kings, he was anointed by god!

for - trivia - philosopher John Locke - investor in slave trade and native american dispossesion!

• SRG comment - John Locke - How "enlightened!"

for - history - progress - after Enlightenment - no long about converting savages to Christians - became about expanding markets

for - history - progress - European Enlightenment - broke secular off from religious progress very abruptly

for - history - progress - secular vs religious

for - history - progress - monotheism appears - Zoroastrianism in Persia (2nd millenia BCE)

for - history - progress - expansionism and gods - went hand-in-hand

for - history - progress - political and religious partnership narrative - top leader claimed to represent top god

for - history - progress - polytheistic gods - Roman and Greek - Jupiter & Zeus

for - history - progress - animism - gave way to polytheism in Mesopotamia - Marduk god

for - progress narrative - often accompanied by religious undertones

for - book - tracing history of progress / Growthist political economy narrative from Vikings to Mesopotamia to Judaism to Greeks to Islam to Enlightenment to US

for - progress - every inaugurations speech

for - history - progress narrative - repeats over and over

for - youtube - Planet Critical interview - Samuel Miller MacDonald - The Myth of Progress

• SRG comment - interview - The Myth of Progress - Samuel Miller McDonald
  • Samuel summarizes key points from his research and book:
    • Progress: Humanity's Worst Idea
  • He discusses
    • what progress should be,
    • why it is so vital, and
    • how little time we really have to achieve

for - SRG comment - join us - MEconomy - forces us all into silos for survival

for - progress trap - book - to - book - Progress: A History of Humankind's Worst Idea - https://hyp.is/cMyt5tjMEfCGz9-Edzp-hA/harpercollins.co.uk/products/progress-a-history-of-humanitys-worst-idea-samuel-miller-mcdonald - author Samuel Miller McDonald

SRG comment - interview - book on Progress - see other references: - to - book - A Short History of Progress (2004) - https://hyp.is/93k5CtjLEfC1UpPEi59BHA/archive.org/details/shorthistoryofpr0000wrig - to - movie - Surviving Progress (2011) - https://hyp.is/sRPYJtjLEfCwuDdwG2xNnw/www.nfb.ca/film/surviving-progress/ - SRG article - Cogress

for - progress - myth of - 5000 years ago

for - Medium article - cogress - Part 1 - progress trap - James Gien Wong - definition - cogress - to - Medium article cogress - Part 2 - progress trap - James Gien Wong - https://hyp.is/t8FhpDGAEfC4J7f0NEFujg/medium.com/@gien_SRG/human-cogress-part-2-d6fd075a55c7 - to - Stop Reset Go hypothesis annotations - progress trap - Ronald Wright - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=ronald+wright - General - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=progress+trap - from - youtube - Planet Critical interview - Samuel Miller MacDonald - The Myth of Progress - https://hyp.is/r-hmFtjKEfCd8odATbINbA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEhmWEDkZUQ

for - book - A Short History of Progress (2004) - author - Ronald Wright - progress trap - Ronald Wright - A Short History of Progress (2004) - to - movie - Surviving Progress (2011) - https://hyp.is/sRPYJtjLEfCwuDdwG2xNnw/www.nfb.ca/film/surviving-progress/ - to - book - Progress: A History of Humanity's Worst Idea - from - youtube - Planet Critical interview - Samuel Miller MacDonald - The Myth of Progress - https://hyp.is/r-hmFtjKEfCd8odATbINbA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEhmWEDkZUQ

for - progress traps - movie - Surviving Progress (2011) - from - book - A Short History of Progress (2004) - https://hyp.is/93k5CtjLEfC1UpPEi59BHA/archive.org/details/shorthistoryofpr0000wrig - from - youtube - Planet Critical interview - Samuel Miller MacDonald - The Myth of Progress - https://hyp.is/r-hmFtjKEfCd8odATbINbA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=BEhmWEDkZUQ

for - youtube - How the rich took over the economy - from - youtube - interview - Thomas Piketty - can't blame the top, so demonize the bottom - https://hyp.is/10dTvtheEfC_-8OXfzSTJA/www.youtube.com/watch?v=XeZoNTJgBZs

• SRG comment - A great explainer video of how the Volcker Shock started the whole chain reaction of modern day wealth inequality - to Thatcher and Reagan down to Trump

for - Reagan slogan - blamed recession on taxes, social programs & regulations - Let's me America Great Again!

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - 2 political allies - Thatcher (1979) and Reagan (1980) came to power - cast taxes, social programs and regulation as the bogeyman

• SRG comment - Reagan and Thatcher policies - advocating for inequality - against the sacred

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - David Harvey - accumulation by dispossession. Defaulted countries signing with IMF: - increased poverty - exploded inequality - collapsed public service - gave up economic sovereignty to global financial institutions - continuation of colonialist practice of extractionism and appropriation

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - IMF Structural adjustment program - privatize public assets, - cut spending of welfare, - austerity across the board - deregulation, - open domestic markets to foreign corporations, - remove protection of local businesses and workers - IMF - a deal with the devil

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - defaulted countries turn to IMF

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - second casualties - Sub-Saharan African & Asian countries defaulted

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - first casualties - Latin American debt crisis - Mexico, Brazil, Argentina defaulted on loans

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - developing countries loans became unpayable overnight

for - economic history - 1979 - Paul. A. Volcker appointed chairman of Federal Reserve - Volcker Shock - shift - from employment to inflation - raised interest rates to an astounding 20%, intentionally causing a recession

for - economic history - Volcker Shock - used Milton Friedman's theory to provide cover to stop Keynesian commitment to full employment and instead protect capital from inflation. - Volcker raised interest rates to 20%,, causing massive plant shutdowns and unemployment to surge above 10%. - The recession closed shops, and labor lost its bargaining power when plants are shut down.

for - economic history - Milton Friedman - represented business elites - Monetarism - inflation seen as ultimate threat to elites

for - economic history - 1972 - Business Round Table established

for stats - economic history - corporate power - 10 years - American Chamber of Commerce - from 60,000 to 250,000 members

for - economic history - powell memo - Lewis Powell - inequality - corporate lawyer who became supreme court judge - memo that started a long term political campaign to exploit the elite crisis for corporations to take control of universities, media, law and public opinion FOR THE ELITES

for - inequality - Thomas Piketty - opinion - middle class can't get tax relief from the elites - so they take it out on those below them - to - youtube - economic history - what started the chain reaction of modern day inequality - https://hyp.is/SIBPoNjHEfCxI8N7cC7ntw/www.youtube.com/watch?v=gAV0bkTHui8

for: - MET - METI - Major Evolutionary Transition in Individuality - definition - Major Evolutionary Transition in Individuality (METI) - two conditions for METI - 1. living forms that were capable of independent replication before the replication can only replicate as part of a larger unit after the MET - 2. there is a lack of within-group conflict such that the larger unit can be thought of as a fitness-maximizing individual in its own right. - When these 2 conditions are met, evolution lea a new higher level organism. - The new individual acts with a single purpose where the interests of the previously independent individuals are now aligned.

for - definition - intelligence - Michael Levin the ability to adaptively navigae a problem space with some degree of competency to get your needs met (to fulfill your goal seeking activity)

for - stories - unity - cells - humans - Michael Levin - whether you are a cell or a human, you need to buy into the same story in order to solve problems together.

for - language - shifts - dominance hierarchy to egalitarianism

for - paper - The emergence of egalitarianism in a model of early human societies (2017) - author - Guillaume Calmettes - James N. Weiss

for - question - egalitarianism - how did it arise in early human societies?

for - paper - Major transitions in sociocultural evolution (2025) - author - Arsham Nejad kourki - criitque of sociocultural systems as ETI

for - ETI - sociocultural systems as ETI - critique - lack autonomous reproduction at the group level - lack operation of natural selection in the reproductive mode

for - Evolutionary Transition in Individuality (ETI)

• paper - Human socio-cultural evolution in light of evolutionary transitions: introduction to the theme issue (2023)
• author
  • Yohay Carmel
  • Ayelet Shavit
  • Ehud Lamm
  • Eors Szathmary

for - Major Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality (METI) - Evolutionary Transitions in Individuality (ETI)

for - paper - Characteristic processes of human evolution caused the Anthropocene and may obstruct its global solutions (2023) - author - Timothy M. Waring - Zachary T. Wood - Eörs Szathmáry

SRG comment - validation that cultural evolution must make a dramatic shift because - the patterns of cultural evolution that brought human civilization to modernity and the Anthropocene - could end up destroying it - progress trap - cultural evolution - patterns of existing cultural evolution and progress could be our ultimate progress trap

for - cultural evolution - futures - cannot be like the past

for - cultural evolution - futures - directional change<br /> - our species must alter longstanding patterns of cultural evolution to avoid - environmental disaster and - escalating between-group competition

• SRG comment - validation for cultural change from traditional patterns that brought us to the anthropocene

for - ACE Lab - Applied Cultural Evolution Laboratory - from - article - University of Maine - Culture is driving a major shift in human evolution, new theory proposes - https://hyp.is/S1QxRtf2EfCxxAP798Jrpw/umaine.edu/news/blog/2025/09/15/culture-is-driving-a-major-shift-in-human-evolution-new-theory-proposes/

for - to - Applied Cultural Evolution Laboratory - University of Maine - https://hyp.is/aVSgkNf2EfChbceMGSBicA/timwaring.info/

for - cultural evolution - overtaking - genetic evolution - Waring & Wood - to - paper - Cultural inheritance is driving a transition in human evolution - https://hyp.is/OPBwzNeYEfCiTgP0i-iBhQ/academic.oup.com/bioscience/article-abstract/75/10/803/8230384

for - transition - in individuality - from genetic to cultural

for - evolutionary transition in individuality (ETI)

for - gene-culture coevolution - paper - prepress - Cultural inheritance is driving a major transition in human evolution - author - Timothy M Waring - Zachary T Wood

for - gene-culture coevolution - definition - Evolutionary Transition in both Inheritance and Individuality (ETII) - authors - Timothy M Waring - Zachary T Wood - paper - Cultural inheritance is driving a transition in human evolution 2025

for - paper - 2025 - Cultural inheritance is driving a transition in human evolution - author<br /> - Timothy M Waring - from - U of Maine News - Culture is driving a major shift in human evolution, new theory proposeshttps://hyp.is/7sMSFteXEfC_tNvhW0UTPA/umaine.edu/news/blog/2025/09/15/culture-is-driving-a-major-shift-in-human-evolution-new-theory-proposes/ - Zarchary T Wood

for - genes subservient to culture - We speculate that, in the long term, culture will continue to grow in influence over human evolution - until genes become secondary structures that encode human biological design blueprints - but are ultimately governed by culture.

for - progress traps - speed of cultural vs genetic evolution

SRG comment - As Ronald Wright pointed out, it is the speed of our cultural evolution that creates a gap between the evolutionary "hardware" we are equipped with and the novel phenomena that we have never encountered before

for - comparison - cultural vs genetic evolution - speed

for - evolutionary transition - from genetic to cultural - progress trap - cultural evolution

for - MET - major evolutionary transition in individuality

for - cultural evolution vs biological evolution - cultural evolution has overtaken biology as the predominant evolutionary force in our species

for - quote - cultural evolution eats genetic evolution for breakfast - Zachary Wood

for - human social superorganism

for - stats - cells in body - eukaryotic vs microbiotic - eukaryotic - 37 trillion vs microbiome and bacteria - 300 trillion - eukaryotic - 20,000 protein coding genes vs microbiome and bacteria 2 million

for - microbiome - one human lifetime is deep time - relativity

for - quote - one human lifetime - evolution of a million generations of bacteria - Because one human lifetime may encompass a million bacterial generations, individual species and the microbiome itself can evolve within a single host.

• SRG comment
• wow! One human lifetime might encompass a million generations of bacteria!
• meme- our gut is an evolutionary lab for bacteria!

for - microbiome - blurs ecological and evolutionary time - due to short generation time of microfauna

for - genotypic change - anthropogenically driven climate change - too quick for genotypic change adaptation

for - cell intelligence - the cell knowns when to divide - it won't divide until all replication errors have been fixed

for - key insight - cell replication AND function of proteins are both dependent on the living cell. Neither follow from DNA alone - Denis Noble

for - unanswered question - when cells know when to divide

for - definition - cut and paste enzyme - living cells provide cut and past enzyme to run along the genome and correct all the replication errors

for - DNA replication experiment - in vitro - lots of errors - 1/10,000 pairs error rate - our genomes 3 billion base pairs long each - so 300,000 errors - would be fatal to any cell

for - book - What is Life? Schrodinger - formulated the idea behind the central dogma of molecular biology

for - definition - The central dogma of molecular biology \ - our genes generate proteins - proteins form bodily structures - everything within our body can therefore be predicted from the level of the DNA

for - definition - the teological sin - biological systems aren't suppose to have agency!

for - history - Denis Noble - 1958 - question - heartbeat of embryo - how? no nervous system yet.

for - embryo - 28 days - first circulation system - why? CO2 and O2 diffuse over distances of a few microns - at 28 days, the embryo is about 30mm so needs a circulatory system to diffuse CO2 and O2