4,834 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. Foam is an open-source alternative to RoamResearch and Obsidian, and it works on the basis of Git version control system and Visual Studio Code code editor.

      for - notetaking software - Obsidian - Roam Research - open source alternative to - Foam

      notetaking software - Obsidian - Roam Research - open source alternative to - Foam - Microsoft owns Github and Foam is served from Github

      to - Foam - https://hyp.is/Pf6tKnXBEe-rkdcD0hmZGA/foambubble.github.io/foam/

    1. cognitive glue

      for - definition - cognitive glue

      definition - cognitive glue - Michael Levin - policies among components that solve the scaling problem of having an emergent cognitive system out of smaller parts - Michael Levin

    1. nobody told it what to do that's that's the kind of really amazing and frightening thing about these situations when Facebook gave uh the algorithm the uh uh aim of increased user engagement the managers of Facebook did not anticipate that it will do it by spreading hatefield conspiracy theories this is something the algorithm discovered by itself the same with the capture puzzle and this is the big problem we are facing with AI

      for - AI - progress trap - example - Facebook AI algorithm - target - increase user engagement - by spreading hateful conspiracy theories - AI did this autonomously - no morality - Yuval Noah Harari story

    2. when a open AI developed a gp4 and they wanted to test what this new AI can do they gave it the task of solving capture puzzles it's these puzzles you encounter online when you try to access a website and the website needs to decide whether you're a human or a robot now uh gp4 could not solve the capture but it accessed a website task rabbit where you can hire people online to do things for you and it wanted to hire a human worker to solve the capture puzzle

      for - AI - progress trap - example - no morality - Open AI - GPT4 - could not solve captcha - so hired human at Task Rabbit to solve - Yuval Noah Harari story

    3. in the 21st century with AI it has enormous positive potential to create the best Health Care Systems in history to to help solve the climate crisis and it can also lead to the rise of dystopian totalitarian regimes and new empires and ultimately even the destruction of human civilization

      for - AI - futures - two possible directions - dystopian or not - Yuval Noah Harari

    4. yes it certainly broke the Monopoly of the Catholic church but again not in favor of science but in favor of more and more extreme religious sects

      for - publication of the first bible - Yuval Noah Harari

    5. during these 200 years the main effects of print on Europe was a wave of Wars of religion and witch hunts and things like that because the big best sellers of early modern Europe were not Copernicus and Galileo galile almost nobody read them the big best sellers were religious tracks and were uh witch hunting manuals

      for - Gutenberg printing press - initial use - misinformation - witchhunting manuals were the best sellers - Yuval Noah Harari

    6. there is a myth that you know Gutenberg broad print to Europe and as a result we got the Scientific Revolution and all the wonders of modern science this is a very very inaccurate misleading view of of History

      for - Gutenberg printing press myth - Yuval Noah Harari

    7. the basic misunderstanding is about what information does what information is information isn't truth this naive view which dominates in places like Silicon Valley that you just need to flood the world with more and more information and as a result we will have more knowledge and more wisdom this is simply not true because most information is junk the truth is a very rare and costly kind of information

      for - quote - Yuval Noah Harari - Most information is junk - dominant Silicon Valley view that information is truth is naive

      quote - Yuval Noah Harari - (see below) - The basic misunderstanding is about what information does what information is - Information isn't truth - This naive view which dominates in places like Silicon Valley that you just need to flood the world with more and more information and as a result we will have more knowledge and more wisdom - This is simply not true because most information is junk the truth is a very rare and costly kind of information

    8. for - Yuval Noah Harari - interview - book - Nexus - progress trap - information

    1. If we were observers who routinely traced  every motion of every molecule, we would say, what do you mean that there's randomness in  what's going on? There's no randomness. I can see what every individual molecule does. So  in a sense, that's an example of a place where being an observer of the kind we are is the  thing that causes us to perceive laws of the kind we perceive.

      for - quote - Stephen Wolfram - being the kind of observer we are causes us to construct the kinds of laws we construct - quote - truth - physical laws - relative to species? - Stephen Wolfram

    1. Both biosphere boundaries

      for - question - earth system boundaries - biodiversity - how do we reconcile these boundaries with climate departure?

      question - earth system boundaries - biodiversity - how do we reconcile these boundaries with climate departure? - Does the term "functional integrity" imply autonomy from climate feedbacks? Obviously, climate feedback plays a huge role in determining biodiversity health - In 2013, Mora et al. found that climate departure, the year in which a climate variable moves out of the historical bounds will occur everywhere on the planet, regardless of an aggressive RCP pathway being taken. In this study, climate departure was found to take place (relative to 2013) - 37.5 years in the future under RCP45, or - 22.5 years in the future under RCP85 - It would seem that the biodiversity boundaries should take into consideration climate departure as species extinction and ecological system disruption is projected to occur, regardless of whether RCP45 or RCP85 is adopted. - Currently, we are still on a Business-As-Usual trajectory, but since 2013, scientific research has moved the danger threshold even lower so climate departure dates are likely even sooner than those calculated in the 2013 Mora paper

      to - Mora, C., Frazier, A., Longman, R. et al. (2013). The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability. Nature 502, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12540 - https://hyp.is/3wZrokX9Ee-XrSvMGWEN2g/www.nature.com/articles/nature12540 - Researchgate copy - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F257598710_The_projected_timing_of_climate_departure_from_recent_variability&group=world

    2. Our estimated safe ESB is that around 50–60% of global land surface should be in largely intact, natural condition to halt species extinction, secure biosphere contributions to climate regulation, and stabilise regional water cycles.

      for - stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - intact natural systems - 50 to 60% global land need to be intact

    3. from 6–15% in some landscapes (eg, riparian ecosystems, agricultural landscapes with high crop diversity) to 50% in others (eg, in sloping landscapes, or landscapes where erosion or natural hazards are frequent).

      for - earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems - minimum varies depending on specific local context

    4. The exact area, quality, and spatial configuration required varies by contribution and location, and thus could not be estimated on a global scale, necessitating local translation, assessment of local context, demand for specific NCP, and application of best practices.

      for earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems - only local translation is possible

    5. 10% of natural or semi-natural habitat per km2 is a sharper threshold, below which evidence suggests that many NCP would almost no longer be provided.

      for - stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems -absolute minimum of 10% - below this, many of Nature's contribution to people would no longer be provided

    6. safe boundary of at least 20–25% of natural or semi-natural habitat per km2 in human-modified lands (ie, urban and agro-ecosystems) is needed to support both Earth-system NCP and local NCP, in addition to the functions provided by largely intact lands.

      for - stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems - minimum of 20 to 25% natural / semi-natural habitat per square kilometer

    7. human-modified ecosystems, we systematically analysed six critical NCP at local scales

      for - stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems - 6 critical Nature's Contribution to People at local scales

      stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - human modified ecosystems - 6 critical Nature's Contribution to People at local scales - pollination pest and disease control - water-quality regulation - soil protection - natural hazards mitigation - recreation

    8. The amount of intact natural land as of 2018 was around 15% below this ESB, but could be increased through restoring degraded ecosystems or previously converted ecosystems,102,103,106102.Strassburg, BBN ∙ Iribarrem, A ∙ Beyer, HL ∙ et al.Global priority areas for ecosystem restorationNature. 2020; 586:724-729CrossrefScopus (536)PubMedGoogle Scholar103.Jung, M ∙ Arnell, A ∙ de Lamo, X ∙ et al.Areas of global importance for conserving terrestrial biodiversity, carbon and waterNat Ecol Evol. 2021; 5:1499-1509CrossrefScopus (162)PubMedGoogle Scholar106.Wolff, S ∙ Schrammeijer, EA ∙ Schulp, CJE ∙ et al.Meeting global land restoration and protection targets: what would the world look like in 2050?Glob Environ Change. 2018; 52:259-272CrossrefScopus (72)Google Scholar with conservation efforts distributed across all ecoregions.

      for - stats - earth system boundary - biodiversity - intact natural systems - 15% below ESB in 2018

    9. We capture the main components by identifying safe boundaries for two complementary and synthetic measures of biodiversity: the area of largely intact natural ecosystems, and the functional integrity of ecosystems heavily modified by human pressures.

      for - biodiversity - safe earth system boundaries - 2 measures - intact natural ecosystems - ecosystems modified by human pressures - question - quantification of biodiversity tipping points at various scales

      question - quantification of biodiversity tipping points at various scales - As ecologist David Suzuki often says, economy depends on ecology, not the other way around - Is there quantification at different potential tipping points for extinction for biodiversity at different scales and localities?

    10. nature's contributions to people (NCP)

      for - definition - NCP - nature's contribution to people

    11. The remainder of this Commission is organised into four parts

      for - safe and just earth system boundaries - translations and transformations - 4 parts

      earth system boundaries - translations and transformations - 4 parts - part 1 - theoretical framework - part 2 - quantification of - safe and just ESB, - which ones are transgressed - who are the victims - safe and just corridor - base - ceiling - for timeframe - present - 2050 - part 3 - translating - safe and just ESB - approaches - challenges - enabling conditions - to - cities - businesses

    12. Cities and businesses are key actors driving anthropogenic pressures, but have received less attention in sustainability assessments than countries. The unique challenges associated with these actors need to be understood and resolved in translation methods, and approaches that reflect the specific environmental, social, and economic contexts of cities and businesses need to be developed

      for - Earth system boundaries - importance of developing cross scale translation for cities and businesses as key actors

    13. Although Doughnut Economics' safe and just indicators2525.O'Neill, DW ∙ Fanning, AL ∙ Lamb, WF ∙ et al.A good life for all within planetary boundariesNat Sustain. 2018; 1:88-95CrossrefScopus (980)Google Scholar include justice elements, our work goes further by quantifying these elements in the same units as the safe ESBs and by operationalising and quantifying justice issues.

      for - comparison - doughnut economics - vs - safe and just earth system boundaries

    14. analytical and evaluative tool consisting of just ends (targets) and just means (levers)

      for - definition - Earth system justice - just ends (targets) - just means (levers)

    15. Visualisation of the concept of the safe and just corridor

      for - diagram - visualization - safe and just corridor

    16. A justice approach, by contrast, requires at least boundaries that minimise significant harm to human health and wellbeing and to other species (panel 2) while ensuring access to necessary resources and services.

      for - just earth system boundary - why it's needed

    17. science-based targets

      for - science-based targets - controversy

      science-based targets - controversy - investigate if these are the same targets involved in a management controversy as investigated by Bill Baue of R3.0, and discussed extensively on Linked In posts - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.linkedin.com%2Fposts%2Fbillbaue_former-sbti-employee-files-complaint-with-activity-7217600896128425984-mQWd%2F&group=world

    18. Just minimum access

      for - definition - Just minimum access

      definition - Just minimum access - The level of essential resources and services that all people are entitled to. There are two different levels: - Level 1. Dignity - The minimum access needed to lead a basic dignified life beyond mere survival - Level 2. (no name) - A higher level needed to escape poverty

    19. The scope of Earth-system justice is framed by three overarching criteria: interspecies justice, intergenerational justice, and intragenerational justice.

      for - earth system justice - 3 aspects

      earth system justice - 3 aspects - interspecies justice - intergenerational justice - intragenerational justice

    20. system transformations that could move humanity into a safe and just corridor

      for - rapid whole system change - to move humanity to a safe and just corridor

    21. approaches for translating each ESB to cities and businesses via the sequential steps of transcription, allocation, and adjustment.

      for - cross-scale translation - via transcription - allocation - adjustment

    22. We focus on cities and businesses because of the magnitude of their impacts on the Earth system, and their potential to take swift action and act as agents of change.

      for - rapid whole system change - leverage point - cities - cross-scale translation

    23. for - earth system boundaries - safe and just earth system boundaries - cross translated - to cities and business - planetary boundaries - downscaled planetary boundaries - urban planetary boundaries - Johan Rockstrom - Xuemei Bao - Lancet paper - just and safe earth system boundaries - Earth Commission report

      paper details - title: A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations - authors: - Joyeeta Gupta - Xuemei Bao - Johan Rockstrom - Diana M Liverman <br /> - Dahe Qin - Ben Stewart-Koster - et al - publication: Lancet 2024, Sept 11

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    1. for - The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability - Camilo Mora et al. - 6th mass extinction - biodiversity loss - question - 2024 - Sept 13 - how do we reconcile climate departure with quantification of earth system boundary biodiversity safe and just limit?

      paper details - title: The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability - author: - Camilo Mora, - Abby G. Frazier, - Ryan J. Longman, - Rachel S. Dacks, - Maya M. Walton, - Eric J. Tong, - Joseph J. Sanchez, - Lauren R. Kaiser, - Yuko O. Stender, - James M. Anderson, - Christine M. Ambrosino, - Iria Fernandez-Silva, - Louise M. Giuseffi, - Thomas W. Giambelluca - date - 9 October, 2013 - publication Nature 502, 183-187 (2013) - https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12540 - https://www.nature.com/articles/nature12540

      to - https://hyp.is/0BdCglsHEe-2CteEQbOBfw/www.researchgate.net/publication/257598710_The_projected_timing_of_climate_departure_from_recent_variability

      Summary - This is an extremely important paper with a startling conclusion of the magnitude of the social and economic impacts of the biodiversity disruption coming down the pipeline - It is likely that very few governments are prepared to adapt to these levels of ecosystemic disruption - Climate departure is defined as an index of the year when: - The projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state that is - continuously outside the bounds of historical variability - Climate departure is projected to happen regardless of how aggressive our climate mitigation pathway - The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario in the study is RCP85 and leads to a global climate departure mean of 2047 (+/- 14 years s.d.) while - The more aggressive RCP45 scenario (which we are currently far from) leads to a global climate departure mean of 2069 (+/- 18 years s.d.) - So regardless of how aggressive we mitigate, we cannot avoid climate departure. - What consequences will this have on economies around the world? How will we adapt? - The world is not prepared for the vast ecosystem changes, which will reshape our entire economy all around the globe.

      question - 2024 - Sept 13 - how do we reconcile climate departure with quantification of earth system boundary biodiversity safe and just limit? - Annotating the Sept 11, 2024 published Earth Commission paper in Lancet, the question arises: - How do we reconcile climate departure dates with the earth system boundary quantification of safe limits for biodiversity? - There, it is claimed that: - 50 to 60 % of intact nature is required<br /> - https://hyp.is/Mt8ocnIEEe-C0dNSJFTjyQ/www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(24)00042-1/fulltext - a minimum of 20 to 25% of human modified ecosystems is required - https://hyp.is/AKwa4nIHEe-U1oNQDdFqlA/www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(24)00042-1/fulltext - in order to mitigate major species extinction and social disruption crisis - And yet, Mora et al.'s research and subsequent climate departure map shows climate departure is likely to take place everywhere on the globe, with - aggressive RCP decarbonization pathway only delaying climate departure from - Business-As-Usual RCP pathway - by a few decades at most - And this was a 2011 result. 13 years later in 2024, I expect climate departure dates have likely gotten worse and moved closer to the present

      from - Gupta, Joyeeta et al.(2024). A just world on a safe planet: a Lancet Planetary Health–Earth Commission report on Earth-system boundaries, translations, and transformations. The Lancet Planetary Health, Volume 0, Issue 0 - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thelancet.com%2Fjournals%2Flanplh%2Farticle%2FPIIS2542-5196(24)00042-1%2Ffulltext&group=world

  2. Sep 2024
    1. hard problem proposed here has been suggested by David Chalmers as satisfying the following requirements

      for - David Chalmers - hard problem of consciousness - citation - Federico Faggin - Giacomo Mauro D'ariano - Hard Problem and Free Will: An Information-Theoretical Approach

      Comment - Federico Faggins, in other talks emphasizes that - consciousness is not an epi-phenomena of materalism, but rather - consciousness is a foundational experience and materialism is derived from it -

    2. Privacy principle

      for - definition - privacy principle - quantum informational panpsyichism theory of consciousness - Federico Faggin - Giacomo Mauro D'Airiano

      definition - privacy principle - experience isnot shareable, even in principle

    3. Psychoinformational principle

      for - definition - psycho-informational principle - P1 - quantum informational panpsyichism theory of consciousness - Federico Faggin - Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

      definition - psycho-informational principle - Consciousness is the information system's experience of its own information state and processing

    4. Psycho-purity principle

      for - definition - psycho - purity principle - quantum informational theory of consciousness - Federico Faggin - Giacomo Mauro D'Ariano

      definition - psycho-purity principle - the state of teh conscious system is pure

    5. Quantumness of experience: the information theory of consciousness is quantum theory.

      for - private inner world - quantum information theory explanation - Federico Faggin and Giocomo Mauro D'Ariano

    6. for - Giocomo Mauro D'Ariano - Federico Faggin - Hard Problem and Free Will: An Information-Theoretical Approach - consciousness research

      reference - youtube discussion of this paper by Giocomo Mauro D'Ariano - https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iDb1XyS8gTo

    7. The ontology derived by accepting consciousness as fundamental would be that objectivity and classical physics supervene on quantum physics, quantum physics supervenes on quantum information, and quantum information supervenes on consciousness.

      for - quote - classical physics supervenes on quantum physics, which supervenes on quantum information, which supervenes on consciousness - Federico Faggin - Giocomo Mauro D'Ariano

    8. quantum-information panpsychism

      for - definition - quantum-information panpsychism - Federico Faggin

      definition - quantum-information panpsychism - Federico Faggin - The idea that consciousness is fundamental for information and physics supervening on quantum information

    9. This theoretical description of reality should be contrasted with the usual view of reality as being quantum, creating a fallacy of misplaced concreteness.

      for - reality as quantum - fallacy of misplaced concreteness - Frederico Faggin

    1. The loss of the tail is inferred to have occurred around 25 million years ago when the hominoid lineage diverged from the ancient Old World monkeys (Fig. 1a), leaving only 3–5 caudal vertebrae to form the coccyx, or tailbone, in modern humans14.

      for - human evolution - loss of tail approximately 25 million years ago - identified genomic mechanism leading to loss of tail and human bipedalism - human ancestors - up to 60 Ma years ago

    1. our love of freedom is is one of the ways that we as apparently limited beings return naturally to our original condition

      for - comparison - Rupert Spira - limited human being striving for return to natural condition - Dasietz Suzuki - The elbow does not bend backwards - insight - freedom is our natural state - because in our contracted human form - we desire to return to our original expansive form - Rupert Spira comment - As Dasietz Suzuki observed, within the limitations of our form, there is a freedom - After listening for a 2nd or 3rd time, I noted something I missed on the 1st listening. A metaphor helps - My nickname reflects this desire to return to the original expansiveness. "Bottled up" and existing in a "contracted" human form, - we possess a natural desire to expand out of the contracted human form back into its original, primordial expansive state - This is indicated by our innate desire for freedom

    2. i wanted to convey the sense that not doing something to stop that tide of limiting freedom um is not natural it's it it it's limiting to whatever natural telos there may be and to existence

      for - claim - not intervening against Russia, that is trying to limit freedoms is not natural - Bernado Kastrup - counterexamples in ecology

      comment - Isn't a predator species in nature naturally setting a limit on the prey species in the environment? - In that way, the predator population is acting as a limiter of freedom, but keeps the prey population in check and in balance - There are many cases in ecology where the (artificial) removal of a predator species in an existent, balanced ecosystem resulted in overpopulation of the prey species as - there is no predator population to keep them in check

    3. not to act in such a case would be the egoic response would be there it would be a response that came from the fear of an individual that it would be cowardice it would be it would be refusing to act washing a veneer of of non-violence over one's egoic fea

      for - nonduality - not acting against violence in such a case (as Ukraine war) is an egoic response - acting out of cowardice - Rupert Spira

      comment - One can act egoically both to take action AND to not take action.

    4. at least some of my audience sometimes misunderstand this position um they say well you know to express evil is also part of nature it's also part of the universal mind which is correct um but it is also part of you of the universal mind also part of nature to strive against evil to stop evil and sometimes forcefully if need be because you're not just going to wait for evil to come and barbarize your loved ones and violate truth left and right i think what this understand understanding calls for is not the complete cessation of the use of force when force is the last resort that we have at our at our hands what it calls for is the the end of the notion that the use of force is a form of vengeance

      for - question - nilhism - nondualism - is fighting evil a contradiction? - Rupert Spira - Bernado Kastrup - question - nilhism - how do we prevent falling into?

      question - nondualism - is fighting evil a contradiction? - Pondering this idea raises the question: - Is fighting evil a contradiction? - Do we fall into duality if we fight evil? - Does nonduality imply not creating categories of morality of good and evil? - This question has no answer because - If you understand the question, you are already - a language user - applying some morality - We are already post category and post linguistic - we can never undo this and get back to pre-category and pre-linguistic - Fighting evil cannot conquer it because - in fighting evil, this implies using (deadly) force - deadly force results in death, the most extreme form of suffering - It is tantamount to abuse and justifying death is the greatest act of separation, causing great suffering to the other - In effect, we have the same result as the abuser and this can create a new generation of abused

      question - nilhism - how do we prevent falling into? - Rather, what is needed is to PENETRATE moral relativism / dualism altogether to re-discover the common sacred ground both moral categories are based upon - The use of force as a form of vengeance - is the perpetuation of the abused-abuser cycle

    5. this is astonishingly unnatural it's wrong from every perspective one can possibly look at it

      for - potential disagreement - with - Bernardo Kastrup claim of unnaturality of normative self perspective - with - individual/collective gestalt - Major Evolutionary Transitions towards individuality

    6. we're not called to like everybody but we are called to love everybody i i have a a practice um and it involves taking the image of two people one whom i love deeply and who i like deeply and i take my son for instance that i love him that i feel one with him goes without saying but i also like him very much i then take a second image of someone who i dislike intensely vladimir putin

      for - BEing journey - meditate on two polar images - apply nondual love - can you recognize the sacred? - the shared being of both? - Rupert Spira

      BEing journey - meditate on two polar images - apply nondual love - can you recognize the sacred? - the shared being of both? - Rupert Spira

      adjacency - between - Rupert Spira's exercise to identify the Common Human Denominator (CHD) of the sacred in both - abused-abuser relationship - adjacency relationship - Rupert's exercise can lead to compassion if we study the abused-abuser relationship deeply and bring it to bear - The coexistence of - the feeling of anger arising from the suffering the abuser causes - the feeling of sadness arising from the suffering the abuser has suffered earlier in life - creates a mixture of feelings in the same person - Also can help to think of the mechanism by which the abused-abuser cycle continually becomes reconstructed and perpetuated in the world

      reference - untreated childhood abuse of children - they can grow up to become dictators - such as Putin, Trump and Kim Jong Un - https://hyp.is/LOhh4mqvEe-mU3_0EcDYiQ/acestoohigh.com/2022/03/02/how-vladimir-putins-childhood-is-affecting-us-all/

    7. love is something completely different it has nothing to do with whether we like someone or not i would suggest love is the recognition of our shared being or our shared reality

      for - definition - love - as the recognition of our shared being - Rupert Spira - question - reconciling Rupert Spira's interpretation of the Eastern definition of "love" with the inherent suffering designed into nature

      question - reconciling Rupert Spira's interpretation of the Eastern definition of "love" with the inherent suffering designed into nature - Consider that every individual of every species must eat in order to survive and maintain life, - In other words, suffering is unavoidable in life itself, and exists at every scale of multi-scale competency architecture (Levin) - How do we reconcile this definition of "love" with the suffering inherent in all of life itself? - If we accept that the universal consciousness manifests in ALL living beings, then it is indeed a strange situation because: - reality itself evolved biotic out of abiotic reality and - it did so by creating intrinsic suffering as predators must kill, eat and cause suffering to its prey and - mortality is built into all living organism, bringing about constant innate anxiety to defend against death through innate alertness to and defense against predators

    8. if our core self or being is um not limited to contained within or defined by the content of our experience thoughts images feelings and so on if it is a a single infinite and indivisible whole or reality from which everyone and everything derives its apparently independent existence then our essential self must be must be whole complete lacking nothing

      for - quote - poverty mentality - Rupert Spira

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    1. So there has to be a reality, deeper reality, out of which these spacetime reality that we call reality emerges. So so therefore the model to think of the model in your following way, consciousness is a quantum field.

      for - quote - consciousness - model of - as a quantum field - Federico Faggin - question - about Federico Faggin's quantum field theory of consciousness - Is it neo-dualistic?

      quote - consciousness - model of - as a quantum field - Federico Faggin - (see below) - Think of the body as a structure in space and time - It is both - classical - cells are made of particles, atoms and molecules that interact quantumly in space and time - AND fields - The body is a bridge between consciousness and the classical (objective spacetime) world - The body reports to the conscious field - and creates quantum states inside the cell

      potential future dialogue - Michael Levin and Federico Faggin - To unpack quantum states at cellular or subcellular level, it would be good to see a dialogue between Michael Levin and Federico Faggin

    2. Yeah, which that's a good news actually, if you believe believe me, because if you believe to be a body, then when the body dies. Goodbye, guys. You know there's nothing left of you. But if you believe what I'm saying, then the body dies. You don't go anywhere. You're still in the you know, in that deeper reality in which the quantum field that you are exists.

      for - mortality salience - immortality and the quantum field - Federico Faggin

    3. the problem here is that physicists am never worried about consciousness because that's the problem of neuroscientists. And neuroscientists don't know quantum physics. So what the hell then? You know, there is a hole in the middle right?

      for - consciousness - incomplete knowledge of science - hole in understanding - physics - neuroscience - quantum mechanics - Federico Faggin

    4. there is something in physics that cannot be copy. Quantum state, quantum state. Quantum state. There is the no cloning theorem, says do not copy. Not only that, but the maximum information that you can get if you make a measurement of the quantum state is one bit per quantum bit. Olivas theorem, Olivas theorem says that and we have or Labor's theorem ourselves. What I can say about what I feel is much, much less

      for - quote - no cloning theorem - quantum mechanics - extended to consciousness and qualia - Frederico Faggin - hard problem of consciousness - no cloning theorem and private inner world of qualia - Frederico Faggin quote - no cloning theorem - quantum mechanics - extended to consciousness and qualia - Frederico Faggin - (see below) - What I feel what I feel is private. - What you feel is private. - You cannot transfer it to me - In order to tell you what I feel, I must translate that private feeling into classical information bit saying what I say. - The symbols must be this. - They must be sharable. - They must be copyable to share. You need to copy. Yeah. - My inner experience cannot be copied. And there is something in physics that cannot be copy. - In Quantum state, there is the "no cloning theorem", which says do not copy. - Not only that, but the maximum information that you can get if you make a measurement of the quantum state is one bit per quantum bit. - Olivas theorem says that and we have or Labor's theorem ourselves. What I can say about what I feel is much, much less

    5. Our ancestors knew better because only in the last 200 years have we abandoned. The idea that there is something that survives. Death of the body. Death of the body. Okay. Only the last 200 years, science has grown to the point where they think they know everything and they have forgotten that they may not know something about what they cannot test.

      for - mortality salience - consciousness survives the body - ancients were right, contemporary science is inconclusive - Frederico Faggin

    6. Now we understand why there has to be an inner reality which is made of qualia and an outer reality which is made a lot of symbols, shareable symbols, what we call matter.

      for - unpack - key insight - with the postulate of consciousness as the foundation, it makes sense that this is - an inner reality made of qualia - and an outer reality made of shareable symbols we call matter - Federico Faggin - question - about Federico Faggin's ideas - in what way is matter a symbol? - adjacency - poverty mentality - I am the universe who wants to know itself question - in what way is matter a symbol? - Matter is a symbol in the sense that it - we describe reality using language, both - ordinary words as well as - mathematics - It is those symbolic descriptions that DIRECT US to jump from one phenomena to another related phenomena. - After all, WHO is the knower of the symbolic descriptions? - WHAT is it that knows? Is it not, as FF points out, the universe itself - as expressed uniquely through all the MEs of the world, that knows? - Hence, the true nature of all authentic spiritual practices is that - the reality outside of us is intrinsically the same as - the reality within us - our lebenswelt of qualia

    7. it has to be taken as a postulate

      for - answer - It has to be taken as a postulate - Federico Faggin - to question - how can we test that consciousness is the foundation of reality?

    8. you've mentioned the word theory a lot of times. How can we test this?

      for - question - how do you test the theory that consciousness is the foundation of reality? ( to Federico Faggin)

    9. Already with the idea that the universe wants to do exactly what we want to do, which is to know ourselves. You think about it. The deepest urge that you feel is to know yourself when you have it

      for - quote - The deepest urge that you feel is to know yourself - Federico Faggin - Deep Humanity - Know thyself

      quote - The deepest urge that you feel is to know yourself - Federico Faggin - (see below) - Already with the idea that the universe wants to do EXACTLY what WE want to do, - which is to KNOW OURSELVES - You think about it - The deepest urge that you feel is to know yourself when you have it

    10. One wants to know itself. The universe wants to know itself.

      for - quote - ONE wants to know itself; the universe wants to know itself - Federico Faggin

      quote - ONE wants to know itself; the universe wants to know itself - Federico Faggin - (see below) - ONE wants to know itself; the universe wants to know itself - and that adds the interiority to (living) nature. - This science says eliminate that by fiat. - They said<br /> - "there is no interiority" and - "consciousness is an epi-phenomena of the brain" - eliminated life, from everything. - What is our most precious thing that we have? - our humanity, our capacity - to understand - to comprehend - to have meaning - but - The meaning of life is completely thrown out the door by starting on the wrong foot. - That's all. So let's start with the right foot where we start.

    11. Technology, great technology can continue, but we better we better think about who are who we are. And especially this technology can will allow people to see that the purpose of life is not the survival of the fittest, but it is to cooperate together, to know each other. And that is what we have ahead of us. If we want to have a better planet, we better learn how to cooperate instead of competing.

      for - quote - Federico Faggin

      quote - we better learn how to cooperate - Federico Faggin - (see below) - Technology, great technology can continue, but we better think about who we are. - And especially this technology can will allow people to see that - the purpose of life is not the survival of the fittest, but it is - to cooperate together, - to know each other. - And that is what we have ahead of us. - If we want to have a better planet, - we better learn how to cooperate instead of competing

      • This is perhaps one of the most important messages from this talk
      • Technology alone cannot save us,
        • FF advocates that the human inner transformation is equally if not more important than any kind of technological transformation
        • Indeed, from the Deep Humanity, Stop Reset Go perspective,
          • the efficacy of collective Human Inner Transformation (HIT) is intimately linked to
          • the efficacy of Social Outer Transformation (SOT)
    12. for - Federico Faggin (FF) - analytic idealism - consciousness - Deep Humanity

      summary - This is an good talk that introduces Federico Faggin's (FF) ideas about consciousness from the perspective of analytic idealism, the idea that consciousness is the most fundamental aspect of reality and that materialism is an epiphenomena of consciousness, not the other way around - Bernado Kastrup's organization, Essentia Foundation invited FF to the Netherlands to give a talking tour of his new - book "Irreducible" - https://www.collectiveinkbooks.com/essentia-books/our-books/irreducible-consciousness-life-computers-human-nature - and they visited the prestigous semiconductor design company ASML' facilities, - https://www.asml.com/en - where this insightful talk was delivered - FF reconciles scientific explanation with the hard problem of consciousness and our ordinary, everyday experience of consciousness - FF's theory offers - a good western, science-based explanatory framework that is consistent with - the experiential and theoretical framework from the east - from - Tibetan Buddhist - Zen Buddhist - Vedic - and other ancient ideas of emptiness<br /> - This framing heals the divide between science and religion that has created a meaning crisis in modernity - and by so doing, also addresses a core issue of the meaning crisis - mortality salience

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  3. Aug 2024
    1. I think what needs to be done is a clean separation from this discussion of human which can mean some kind of psycholog psychobiological Psychosocial biological entity

      for - human being as - psycho-bio-social-entity

    2. there's great risk here there's people turning into gurus there's you know weird cult formations there's exploitation there's money pumping uh you have to do a lot you have to try to build a lot in to safeguard against this

      for - progress trap - meaning crisis intervention practices

      progress trap - meaning crisis intervention practices - JV recognizes the potential progress traps of this potential intervention

    3. here's a bunch of new practices or at least old practices that have been recovered or at least reverse engineered in which people can deeply recover a lot of the experience and the learning of what we're talking about here

      for - reverse engineer - recover - from old practices - John Vervaeke - STOP - meaning crisis - RESET - reverse engineer - recover from old practices

    4. we can reverse engineer practices for people that help them to do uh the recovery and also the development of the cognitive light cone of right of a recovery of a lot of of what is lost for people in the meaning crisis

      for - STOP - intervention - integration of cognitive science and wisdom traditions to - provide a praxis to address the meaning crisis - John Verveake

    5. with the Verve foundation's help we set up ecologies of practices uh we have a practice called dialectic into dialogos that helps people get into mutually shared flow states of cognitive exploration and people discover collective intelligence as something that is phenomenologically present and almost agentic in what's happening

      for - comparison - John Vervaeke - Vervaeke Foundation - collective intelligence dialogues - good alignment to Indyweb individual/collective gestalt - Deep Humanity

      comparison - John Vervaeke - Vervaeke Foundation - collective intelligence dialogues - good alignment to Indyweb individual/collective gestalt - When he describes the mutually shared flow states where conversants discover collective intelligence as something that is phenomenologically present - it is a discovery of the intertwingledness between - individual and - collective - that is, the individual/collective gestalt described in Deep Humanity reference https://vervaekefoundation.or

    6. I think it's it's critical for us uh when for for for for people to realize that when we reimagine what the self is and take away take take us away from this this notion of a of a subst you know some kind of monatic substance and all that um it's different than what you said before which is uh that well it's you know every everything is equally illusory I mean there's there's nothing at that point well if it's that that's a deeply destabilizing concept for a lot of people

      for - question - what would Federic Faggin think of this? - question - multi-scale communication - question - are Tibetan Rainbow body and knowing time of death examples of multi-scale communications? question - what would Federic Faggin think of this? - He comes from an experiential perspective, not just an intellectual one.

      question - what would Federic Faggin think of this? - I don't think Michael Levin provides a satisfactory answer to this and this is related to the meaning crisis modernity finds itself in - when traditional religions no longer suffice, - but there is nothing in modernity that can fill the gap yet, if mortality salience is a big issue - I don't think an intellectual answer can meet the needs of people suffering in the meaning crisis, although it is necessary, it is not sufficient - I think they are after some kind of nonverbal, nondual transformative experience

      question - multi-scale communication - This is also a question about multi-scale communication - I've recently used a metaphor to compare - the unitary, monatic experience of consciousness to - an elected government - The trillions of cells "elect" consciousness" as the high level government to oversea them - but we seem to be in the situation of the government being out of touch with the citizens - At one time in our history, was it common to be able for - high level consciousness to communicate directly with - low level cells and subcellular structures? - If so, why has this practice disappeared and - how can we re-establish it?

      question - Are Tibetan Rainbow body and knowing time of death examples of multi-scale communications? - In some older spiritual traditions such as found in the East, it seems deep meditative practitioners are able to achieve a degree of communications with parts of their body that is unconventional and surprising to modern researchers - For example, Tibetan meditators report of having the abiity to predict the time of their death by recognizing subtle bodily, interoceptive signals - Rare instances also occur of the Rainbow Body, when great meditators in the Dzogchen tradition whose body at time of death can disappear in a body of light

    7. a model of the self that is inherently Collective and flowing

      for - quote - model of a Self that is flowing and collective - John Vervaeke - similiarity to - Deep Humanity foundations on emptiness

      quote - model of a Self that is flowing and collective - John Vervaeke - This is equivalent to Stop Reset Go Deep Humanity foundation on the two pillars of emptiness - change and intertwingledness

    8. bateson's Paradox actually slams into the Paradox of self-transcendence

      for - Bateson's paradox - meets - paradox of self-transcendence - John Vervaeke

    9. I'm building towards an argument here because I think that Maps into something that goes with your butterfly that human beings do and this is La Paul and transformative experience human beings go through these profound changes and right and so she gives she does the gunan experiment of people offering to turn you into a vampire which is very much like your butterfly example

      for - participatory knowing - perspectival knowing - caterpillar butterfly transformation - Gunan experiment - vampire transformation - John Vervaeke - Michael Levin

      insight - adjacency - caterpillar butterfly transformation - human transformation - John provides a nice adjacency / insight here, comparing human transformation as similar in kind and different by degree to Levin's caterpillar butterfly transformation - In Indyweb terminology, we are constantly creating new selves and leaving trails of our old selves behind, all to be recorded in our mindplex - This is none other than the teachings of many ancient spiritual traditions which hold that the human being is a constantly changing process, not a static thing

    10. I want to start with that idea of kind of a bidirectional Conformity that it's not only the mind is conforming to the world but the world is conforming to the mind of course you might get tired of me doing this this is a neoplatonic claim right and this is the idea this is this is this is sort of the central idea behind what I call participatory knowing

      for - participatory knowing - mutual conformity - mind and the world partcipate - John Vervaeke - responding to Michael Levin

    11. what we do is we use language we squeeze it down to a to a simple low bandwidth message you will have to re-expand and and reinterpret that message

      for - squeezing down and re-expanding - Michael Levin

    12. what you are constantly doing is reconstructing yourself and your memories to make them applicable in the new you know in the new scenario

      for - caterpillar butterfly story - Michael Levin - adjacency caterpillar story - Michael Levin - Indyweb dev - conversations with old self - evolutionary learning

      adjacency - between - caterpillar butterfly story - Michael Levin - Indyweb dev - conversations with old self - evolutionary learning - adjacency relationship - In relating the caterpillar / butterfly story, Levin is using an extreme example of transformation, that happens to all living beings, including human beings - Levin talks about how the particulars of the old caterpillar engram are meaningless to its new form, the butterfly - The experiments he cites demonstrate that the old engram is re-interpreted from the new butterfly perspective - In a similar but less dramatic way, all of us learn new things every day, and we are constantly rehashing old memories - The Indyweb informational ecosystem that is being developed is based on a framework of evolutionary learning, that is - Our network of meaning is constantly in flux and our associative network of ideas is continuously changing and evolving - The Indyweb is designed to record our evolutionary learning journey and to serve as an external record of salient private ideas that emerge from it. The present interpretation of old engrams is referred to as "having conversations with our old selves"

    13. the caterpillar learned all this stuff it gets squeezed down into some sort of sort of molecular substrate and then re-expanded or remapped onto the onto the butterfly that that squeezing is so so so two just two quick things about that one is that this this squeezing and expanding thing is everywhere

      for - adjacency - squeezing and expanding is everywhere - Michael Levin - John Vervaeke - Indyweb - salience mismatch - symmathesetic fingerprint - multi-meaningverse - lebenswelt

      adjacency - between - sqeezing and expanding - Michael Levin - John Vervaeke - Indyweb - lebenswelt - multi-meaningverse - coding / decoding - salience mismatch - symmathesetic fingerprint - adjacency relationship - In the Indyweb epistemology, we have identified an intrinsic limitation of symbolic communication due to - encoding of the transmitter from the transmitter's unique - lebenswelt and - meaningverse and - decoding of the transmitter's message from the receiver's unique - lebenswelt and - meaningverse - The same symbols are referenced to two different lebenswelt / meaningverse's - The semantic (symmathesetic) fingerprints of the transmitter and receivers vocabulary are all different - This can result in misinterpretation, what we term as salience mismatch

    14. butterfly caterpillar

      for - caterpillar butterfly story - Michael Levin

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    1. this suffering that we feel as a result of empathy with another who is suffering doesn't come from ignorance of our true nature on the contrary it is an expression of our understanding that we share our essential nature with the other and as a result of that we feel both their joy as our own joy and their suffering as our own suffering

      for - empathy - deep meaning - universal consciousness perspective - Rupert Spira

    2. to give you a sense of my um trajectory

      for - personal awakening journey - description - Rupert Spira

      personal awakening journey - description - Rupert Spira - Interesting description of his awakening journey - He would gradually learn to abide more and more often in the background awareness and less in the content of experience

    3. when we experience peace what we are experiencing whether we realize it or not is is the background of awareness the background of consciousness who who's whose nature is peace and its peace is present not just in the absence of objective experience it's present during objective experience just as the screen remains present during the movie but we lose contact with it when we lose ourselves in the content of experience

      for question - What is peace? - it is rediscovering our background of awareness - we lose it when we get lost in the content of experience

    4. in the ultimate analysis i think it is the impulse in us to revert to our natural state it is the impulse of a finite mind to divest itself of its limitations and revert to its natural condition of infinite consciousness

      for - quote - claim - natural impulse of finite minds - to revert from finite mind back to infinite consciousness - Rupert Spira

    5. when infinite consciousness localizes itself in the form of each of our finite minds and becomes entangled with the content of experience it overlooks the knowing of itself in favor of its knowledge of objective experience and therefore the finite mind has to perform this activity of reflecting back on itself in order to arrive at the recognition i am pure consciousness

      for - duality - infinite consciousness - mistaking itself for finite counsciousness - entangled with the content of experience - Rupert Spira

      duality - infinite consciousness - mistaking itself for finite counsciousness - entangled with the content of experience - Rupert Spira - What does this really mean? - What does it mean to be entangled? - What does it take to get dis-entangled? - It would seem that falling into suffering through unbalanced - self-identify and - self cherishing - is what he is getting at

    6. john smith and king lear analogy

      for - metaphor - John Smith (actor) - King Lear - Rupert Spira

      metaphor - John Smith (actor) - King Lear - Rupert Spira - This is an interesting thought experiment - In the metaphor, the infinite consciousness is like John Smith and the finite human consciousness is like King Lear - The universal consciousness is playing the role of the finite consciousness but loses itself in the role - Spira says: - just as the only consciousness in each of our finite minds is universal consciousness nevertheless - King Lear doesn't know that - King Lear believes i am King Lear, a temporary finite separate person - just like our finite minds don't on the whole know that their reality is infinite consciousness<br /> - So although - the only person present in King Lear is John Smith and - John Smith knows himself just by being himself in the form of King Lear<br /> - he overlooks that knowledge and therefore as King Lear - he has to self-reflect on himself in order to arrive at the experience i am John Smith - What is the relationship between the infinite vs the finite consciousness within the same human? - This reminds me of Dasietz Suzuki's koan that surfaced at the time of his Satori experience - that the elbow does not bend backwards. - Within the bounds of the finite is the infinite

    7. ultimately dissociation doesn't really happen it's um it's a model i think it's a an accurate a very useful model but the best way i can i can describe this is using the analogy of going to a 3d imax cinema

      for - metaphor - analogy - dissociation - Bernardo Kastrup - to - 3D imax cinema - localize Rupert Spira - terminology - dissociate - Bernado Kastrup - terminology - localize and contract - Rupert Spira - universal consciousness contracts to finite human consciousness - question - meaning of dissociate - Bernardo Kastrup

      metaphor - analogy - dissociation - Bernardo Kastrup - to - 3D imax cinema - Rupert Spira - At 3d Imax cinema, we wear a pair of special glasses - that make the otherwise fuzzy image to acquire a 3rd dimension - In the same way, our raw universal consciousness is like the fuzzy pattern we see on the 3d Imax screen when we DON'T have any special glasses on - When we perceive and think, it is like putting on the 3D glasses in the Imax theatre and suddenly we see objects with great clarity - Spira talks about universal consciousness "localizing" within its own activity - in the form of a finite mind of a human being

      question - meaning of dissociate - Bernardo Kastrup - Does Kastrup mean that we infinite / universal consciousness dissociates from itself into the finite human consciousness? - answer - It appears so, as at time 45:50, Spira summarizes Kastrup's views on dissociation

    8. this localization process enables consciousness to perceive itself as the universe because infinite consciousness cannot perceive its own activity directly because it would have to do so from if infinite consciousness were to perceive the universe directly it would have to do so from every single point of view in the universe it would be the deepest darkest black image you could imagine so in order to perceive an object consciousness must localize itself as an apparently separate subject so this localization of the apparent localization of our self or the dissociation of ourselves as finite minds out of infinite consciousness enables um perception

      for - adjacency - key insight - quote - localization enables (infinite or universal consciousness) to perceive itself - Rupert Spira - discerning single voice at a busy party metaphor - existential isolation - umwelt

      adjacency - between - key insight - quote - localization enables (infinite or universal consciousness) to perceive itself - Rupert Spira - discerning single voice at a busy party metaphor - existential isolation - adjacency relationship - quote - localization enables (infinite or universal consciousness) to perceive itself - Rupert Spira - This localization process enables (infinite) consciousness to perceive itself as the universe because - infinite consciousness cannot perceive its own activity directly - because if infinite consciousness were to perceive the universe directly - it would have to do so from every single point of view in the universe - It would be the deepest, darkest black image you could imagine - So in order to perceive an object - (infinite) consciousness must localize itself as an apparently separate subject so - the apparent localization of our self or - the dissociation of ourselves - as finite minds out of infinite consciousness enables - perception and - thought

      • There is a metaphor that applies here:
        • At a busy dinner party, many people are talking at the same time
        • As the number of people approach infinite, the signal becomes more difficult to detect
        • In the same manner, as the activities of the universe are seemingly unbounded, how could infinite consciousness possibly observe its own infinite entirety?
        • Existential isolation is deemed depressing because it makes us feel intrinsically separated and disconnected from others, yet
          • it may be very necessary
        • Can you imagine hearing and understanding the voices of every human being, much less every living being?
        • An individual human does not have the capacity to process all that information
        • In the same manner, the body of every living organism is fine tuned for only one specific set of unwelts
        • How would we process the unbound amounts of information if we had an infinite number of different detectors?
    9. when consciousness puts on the glasses of a finite mind a human mind it puts on the glasses that consist of thinking and perceiving it is that activity which seems to localize consciousness within itself as a separate subject of experience from whose perspective it views its own activity as the outside universe

      for - key insight - universal consciousness contracts to localized human consciousness - experiences its own activity as the outside universe - Rupert Spira

    10. amazon prime castle rock which is based on the work of stephen king

      for - comparison - Amazon Prime - Castle Rock - Stephen King - compared to - Michael Levin caterpillar to butterfly metamorphosis - adjacency - universal - vs localized consciousness - empathy - Michael Levin - caterpillar to butterfly

      adjacency - between - Stephen King movie "castle rock" - universal consciousness - localized, individual consckousness - empathy - adjacency relationship - Bernardo compares the Stephen King movie series "Castle Rock" with ghostly beings taking over the identify of an existing physical body. - Universal consciousness is in all of us - but we strongly identify with the localized consciousness - In Michael Levin's caterpillar to butterfly process, - the living being has memories of a caterpillar but what happens when it becomes a butterfly? Those memories don't confer any meaning to the butterfly - But beneath both the butterfly and the caterpillar, the universal consciousness is at the ground layer - When we experience others as ourselves, because we have the same universal consciouness, - then we can truly enact empathy as an expression of recognition

    11. even those people who are deeply involved in introspection and find that they that their minds raise objections which prevent them going deeper into their experiential investigation and i feel that the work you're doing is making a very um significant contribution to those people as well

      for - recognizing true nature - validation of conceptual method - Rupert Spira

    12. we live in a society that is unfortunately dominated by concepts uh and this this internet society this vast communication society it's driven by language and by conceptual articulations of everything with replaced reality with the tiling of concepts

      for - symbolosphere - ubiquity of - Benardo Kastrup

    13. i try to validate the effort i make by paying attention to a specific group of people people more or less like me that do not allow themselves to open up to the introspective path unless and until they have some kind of conceptual model that validates that that introspective path if if the head doesn't allow the heart to have the experience by direct acquaintance then in those people the heart doesn't get there the brain is the bouncer of the heart

      for - recognizing true nature - validation of conceptual approach - brain is the bouncer for the heart - Bernardo Kastrup

    14. don't do this experiment philosophically do it experientially it's like undressing at night we take off everything that can be taken off

      for BEing journey - self knowledge exercise - removing everything from our experience that is not essential Rupert Spira

      BEing journey - self knowledge exercise - removing everything from our experience that is not essential Rupert Spira - metaphor - Like taking all our clothes off when we are preparing for bedtime

      comment - self knowledge exercise - Rupert Spira - This exercise makes me think of my own thoughts around discovering or rather, rediscovering one's true nature - If we are to discuss the "greater self" from whence we came, then it's tantamount to discovering - the nature nature within - human nature - So anything that is recognized as human nature, cannot be the ground state - The ground state must go beyond anything that depends on the human body - Thoughts and perceptions are mediated by brains and sense organs, both depend on the human body and so - are dependent on human nature - Self knowledge is unmediated and directly experienced - It has the quality of the ground state within us, the nature part of our human nature

    15. the words know thyself were carved above the entrance of the temple temple of apollo in delphi and stand as such at the dawn of western civilization and i would suggest that at this hour of our civilization this recognition of the essential nature of our self and therefore the recognition of the essential nature of all people all animals and all things has perhaps never been more important than it is now

      for - quote - know thyself - recognizing our true nature - has never been more important than at this hour of our civilization - Rupert Spira - Deep Humanity - know thyself - rekindling wonder - awakening to our true nature - Rupert Spira

      quote - know thyself - recognizing our true nature - has never been more important than at this hour of our civilization - Rupert Spira - (see below) - The words "know thyself" were carved above the entrance of the temple temple of apollo in delphi and stand as such at the dawn of western civilization and - I would suggest that at this hour of our civilization, - this recognition of the essential nature of our self and therefore - the recognition of the essential nature of - all people - all animals and - all things - has perhaps never been more important than it is now

    16. i'll start by way of um an analogy everything that all the objects and characters that appear in a movie derive their reality relatively speaking of course from the single screen

      for - Rupert Spira - meditation - metaphor - movie and screen - BEing journey - identifying our true nature - movie and screen metaphor - Rupert Spira

    17. one way to make this experiential investigation into the essential nature of our self would be to remove in fact we don't need to remove it would be sufficient to imagine removing everything from us that is not essential to us so i suggest we let's just embark do this investigation for a few minutes

      for - BEing journey - self knowledge exercise - removing everything from our experience that is not essential Rupert Spira

      BEing journey - self knowledge exercise - removing everything from our experience that is not essential Rupert Spira - Remove phenomenological experiences that are transient - that is, have a beginning or end - The fact that they do not last implies that they cannot be part of our essential, unchanging nature

    18. there is one aspect one element of the universe that we have direct unmediated access to when i say unmediated i mean we have access to it through a channel that is does not go through perception or thought and that is our knowledge of our self our knowledge of our self is the only knowledge there is that is not mediated through thought or perception and therefore it is the only channel through which we have direct unmediated access to the reality of the universe and it is for this reason that self-knowledge stands at the heart of all the great religious and spiritual traditions

      for - key insight - quote - self knowledge - Rupert Spira

      key insight - quote - self knowledge - Rupert Spira - There is one aspect of the universe that we have direct unmediated access to w

      • When i say unmediated i mean we have access to it through a channel that is does not go through

        • perception or
        • thought and that is our knowledge of our self
      • Our knowledge of our self is the only knowledge there is that is not mediated through

        • thought or
        • perception
      • and therefore it is the only channel through which we have direct unmediated access to the reality of the universe

      • It is for this reason that self-knowledge stands at the heart of all the great religious and spiritual traditions.

    19. reality lies behind the multiplicity and diversity of appearances and is concealed by them

      for - quotation - Rupert Spira - reality lies behind the multiplicity and diversity of appearances and is concealed by them

      quotation - Rupert Spira - reality lies behind the multiplicity and diversity of appearances and is concealed by them - A subset of this claim is that the same universal consciousness is in the multiplicity and diversity of appearances of human INTERbeCOMings

    20. the ultimate reality of the universe never appears as an object

      for - nonduality - ultimate reality - cannot be objectified - Rupert Spira

      nonduality - ultimate reality - cannot be objectified - Rupert Spira - This is echoed in many spiritual practices. - For example, the cliche "those who know do not (cannot) speak about it" - To explore this further, - An object is inherently a part of something bigger - It is known that ordinary people have great difficulty appreciating hyperobjects such as climate change because - they are already far beyond our evolutionary sensing equipment - Ultimate reality, being the mother of all objects and hyperobjects is going to be even more subtle

    21. for - podcast - Adventures in Awareness - episode - Bernardo Kastrup - Rupert Spira

      Summary - A very rich interview with Rupert Spira and Bernardo Kastrup to explore where there perspectives on idealism, materialism and consciousness align and differ. - It appears they mostly align with a few minor differences - Rupert approaches the true nature of mind from an introspective, experiential and meditative angle whilst - Bernardo approaches it from a philosophical and conceptual angle - Rupert opens with a metaphor of the movie vs the movie screen and an accompanying meditation on phenomenological experience and the awareness that experiences all of it - This introduces the audience to experiencing - what Spira alternately calls the true nature of mind and universal consciousness and - what Kastrup refers to as the "ground zero" of consciousness

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    1. is DNA in engram or not yeah I think so yeah okay yeah yeah I think so but now now again that that requires that requires a real shift I think most biologists would say no but I think it is because I think that um all memories are just messages from your past self and that what's happening with DNA is that previous previous basically there's this giant lineage agent that's the scale of an evolutionary lineage and the DNA are its engrams where that information is is being passed on the way that any memory would

      for - adjacency - DNA - as an engram - as a memory - Micheal Levin

      adjacency - between - DNA - as an engram - as a memory - adjacency relationship - Very interesting n way to see DNA

    2. an engram is just a it's a it's a physical embodiment of a memory

      for - definition - engram - Michael Levin

    3. what's preserved across lifetimes from from that caterpillar to that butterfly is not the f it of the information it's the it's a kind of um inferred salience

      for - caterpillar to butterfly - What's transferred? - salience, not fidelity - Michael Levin

    4. Josh bongard and I have been developing this notion of polyc computing which is this idea that basically every subcomponent is hacking every other subcomponent

      for - definition - poly computing

    1. we are using set theory so a certain piece of reference text is part of my collection or it's not if it's part of my collection somewhere in my fingerprint is a corresponding dot for it yeah so there is a very clear direct link from the root data to the actual representation and the position that dot has versus all the other dots so the the topology of that space geometry if you want of that patterns that you get that contains the knowledge of the world which i'm using the language of yeah so that basically and that is super easy to compute for um for for a computer i don't even need a gpu

      for - comparison - cortical io / semantic folding vs standard AI - no GPU required

    2. for example our standard english language model is trained with something like maybe 100 gigabytes or so of text um that gives it a strength as if you would throw bird at it with the google corpus so the other thing is of course uh a small corpus like that is computed in two hours or three hours on a on a laptop yeah so that's the other thing uh by the way i didn't mention our fingerprints are actually a boolean so when we when we train as i said we are not using floating points

      for - comparison - cortical io vs normal AI - training dataset size and time

    3. we basically grow models of let's say same quality like all the others by using thousand time or ten thousand times less training data

      for - comparison - semantic folding vs normal machine learning - training dataset sizes and times

    4. mathematical properties to these sparse distributed representations

      for - sparse distributed representations - properties - additive

    5. in that bitmap representation at the end i can look at every position in my bitmap and i can refer it back explicitly to the bits of reference information that i trained it with

      for - semantic fingerprint bitmap - tracing bitmap to training dataset

    6. for - semantic folding - semantic fingerprint - cortical.io - numenta - sparse coding - Francisco Webber - symmathesetic fingerprint

      summary - In this informative interview, Francisco Webber, a principal cofounder of Cortical.io, discusses how the company's core technology, semantic folding and semantic fingerprints of words is unique and differs from the usual AI large language models. - Cortical I/O's approach is a biomimicry approach that is based on representing words in the way that brain operates. - It employs a word-to-geometry mapping implemented using Numenta's sparse coding technique. - This approach allows Cortical to train using very small training data sets of 100 gigabytes of data, which takes a few hours to train - many orders of magnitudes smaller than normal AI training data sets.

    7. if you have bitmaps let's say 100 times 100 in in square and you now throw in let's say 200 dots in this bitmap the rest is white you should what you need is a function that renders any given word in a bitmap such that words that are similar render in two similar bitmaps

      for - example - semantic fingerprint bitmap - adjacency - semantic fingerprint bitmap - semantic folding - symmathesetic fingerprint - symmathesetic folding - Indyweb - adjacency - indranet - salience mismatch

      example - semantic fingerprint bitmap - 100 x 100 square - 200 dots in the bitmap - sparse coding - function that renders words in the bitmap such that - words that are similar render in two similar bitmaps

      adjacency - between - semantic fingerprint - semantic folding - symmathesetic fingerprint - symmathesetic folding - Indyweb - Indranet - adjacency - salience mismatch - adjacency relationship - This word-to-geometry mapping is the key idea and can also be employed within Indyweb to represent the concept of word/idea adjacency unique to the meaningverse of each language user - While Cortical develops dictionaries for specific domains, within Indyweb, we can go even more granular, and develop dictionaries for each indyvidual!

      definition - indyvidual dictionary - In Indyweb, an indyvidual's dicitionary can be calculated by employing a word meaning-to-geometry bitmap to determine the adjacencies salient to any word - This can be used to reduce salience mismatch (misunderstanding) that is inherent in any human symbolic communication

    8. what we basically do is that we try to find a representation for textual content so we call these representation fingerprints and they are like bitmaps

      for - definition - semantic folding

      definition - semantic folding - geometric (bitmap) representation of textual content

    1. how do you know if, if, and when you are part of a larger cognitive system, right?

      for - question - how do you know when you are part of a larger cognitive system? - answer - adjacency - synchronicity - lower level example - two neurons talking to each other - Michael Levin - Mark Solms foundation theory of affect

      question - how do you know when you are part of a larger cognitive system? - answer - adjacency - synchronicity - lower level example - two neurons talking to each other - Michael Levin - Mark Solms foundation theory of affect

      adjacency - between - answer - synchronicity - lower level example - two neurons talking to each other - Michael Levin - Mark Solms foundational theory of affect - adjacency relationship - This is a very interesting question and Michael Levin provides a very interesting answer - First, it is very interesting that Mark Solms points out that affect is foundational to cognition - This is evident once we begin to think of the fundamental goals of any individual of any species is to optimize survival - The positive or negative affects that we feel are a feedback signal that measures how successful we are in our efforts to survive - Hence, it is more accurate to ask: - How do you know if and when you are part of a larger affective-cognitive system? - Levin illustrates the multi-level nature of simultaneous consciousness by looking at two neurons "in dialogue" with each other, and potentially speculating about a "higher level of consciousness", which is in fact, the level you and I operate at and take for granted - This speculative question is very important for it also can be generalized to the next layer up, - Do collectives of humans, each one experiencing itself a unified, cohesive inner perspective, constitute a higher level "collective consciousness"? - If we humans experience feelings and thinking whilst we have a well defined physical body, then - what does a society feel and think whilst not having such a well defined physical body?

    2. I have no idea. But what I do know is that it's not a, um, this is not a philosophical, uh, thing that we can decide arguing in an armchair. Yes, it is. No, it isn't. No, you have to do experiments and then you find out.

      for - question - does the world have agency? <br /> - answer - don't know - but it's not philosophical - it's scientific - do experiments to determine answer - Michael Levin

    3. Does the world have agency?

      for - question - does the World have agency? - Michael Levin

    4. I see it as much more fluid and I see the boundary between self and world as something that can change all the time.

      for - self / other dualism - fluidity of - examples - Michael Levin

      self / other dualism - fluidity of - examples - Michael Levin - The self and its consciousness changes for a human INTERbeCOMing throughout its life: - during development as an embryo - cancer - metamorphosis

    5. we do feel at least most of us, most of the time feel like some kind of unified, centralized inner perspective

      for - self - as unified, centralized inner perspective - Michael Levin - adjacency - self - as unified, centralized inner perspective - multi-scale competency architecture - Buddhism - spiritual practice - self actualization - illusory body - illusory self - enlightenment

      adjacency - between - self - as unified, centralized inner perspective - multi-scale competency architecture - self actualization - Buddhist practice - illusory body - illusory self - enlightenment - awakening - adjacency relationship - Indeed, from both the mundane and the spiritual, religious perspective, the unified self as a fundamental assumption - "self-development" and "self-actualization" are terms that are only meaningful if there is a unified self - Is the Buddhist ideas of - awakening - enlightenment and \ - penetrating the illusion of self - based on a kind of experiencing of the multi-scale competency architecture itself? - What does "spiritual awakening" mean in the context of multi-scale competency architecture? - For instance, WHO is it that actually awakens? - Is it consciousness from the SAME level, a lower level or ALL levels of the multi-scale competency architecture that a multi-cellular conscious, sentient being such as a human INTERbeCOMing? - If it includes consciousness from lower levels, then it may be billions or trillions of cellular consciousnesses that are awakening to the higher order consciousness it composes!

    6. for - Michael Levin

      summary - A very insightful and wide-ranging interview with Michael Levin on consciousness

    1. the state predictable from the outside (i.e., the state describing the knowledge of the experience from the point of view of an external observer), which we call epistemic

      for - definition - epistemic

      definition - epistemic - an internal state of another predicted from an other outside observer

    2. the internally experienced quantum state, since it corresponds to a definite experience–not to a random choice–must be pure, and we call it ontic.

      for - definition - ontic

      definition - ontic - an internally experienced quantum state that is primal

    3. As a result we reach a quantum-information-based panpsychism, with classical physics supervening on quantum physics, quantum physics supervening on quantum information, and quantum information supervening on consciousness.

      for - quantum-information-based-panpsychism - consciousness - relationship - quantum information - to consciousness

      consciousness - relationship - quantum information - to consciousness - classical physics supervenes on quantum physics - quantum physics supervenes on quantum information - quantum information supervenes on consciousness

    4. We also see how the same purity of state and evolution allow one to solve the well-known combination problem of panpsychism.

      for - follow up - combination problem of panpsychism

    1. for - The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability - Camilo Mora et al. - 6th mass extinction - biodiversity loss

      Summary - This is an extremely important paper with a startling conclusion of the magnitude of the social and economic impacts of the biodiversity disruption coming down the pipeline - It is likely that very few governments are prepared to adapt to these levels of ecosystemic disruption - Climate departure is defined as an index of the year when: - The projected mean climate of a given location moves to a state that is - continuously outside the bounds of historical variability - Climate departure is projected to happen regardless of how aggressive our climate mitigation pathway - The business-as-usual (BAU) scenario in the study is RCP85 and leads to a global climate departure mean of 2047 (+/- 14 years s.d.) while - The more aggressive RCP45 scenario (which we are currently far from) leads to a global climate departure mean of 2069 (+/- 18 years s.d.) - So regardless of how aggressive we mitigate, we cannot avoid climate departure. - What consequences will this have on economies around the world? How will we adapt? - The world is not prepared for the vast ecosystem changes, which will reshape our entire economy all around the globe.

      to - Nature publication - https://hyp.is/3wZrokX9Ee-XrSvMGWEN2g/www.nature.com/articles/nature12540 - Climate Departure map of major cities around the globe - climate departure map - of major cities around the globe - 2013

    1. we've learned the  hard way, actually, over the past 50 years, that we don't solve sustainability  problems by only raising awareness. It's not enough. Yeah. You also need some  some, some top down influence on what I call keystone actors to get key players in  the economy or, key decision makers to move.

      for - climate crisis - raising awareness alone - is not enough - need to also influence top down keystone actors

      climate crisis - raising awareness alone - is not enough - need to also influence top down keystone actors - This is only part of the story, the other part is developing a coherent, unified, bottom up movement - While statistics show a majority of people of must countries now take climate change seriously, it's not translating into TIMELY and APPROPRIATE ACTION and BEHAVIOUR CHANGE - The common person is still captured by the pathological economic system - (S)he still prioritised increasingly more precarious survival over all other concerns, including environmental - Ths is because most survival activity is still intimately tied to ecological degradation - The common person is not sufficiently educated about the threat level. - And even if they were, there does not yet exist any process to unify these collective concerns to trigger the appropriate leverage point of bottom up collective action

    1. for - Federico Faggin - quantum physics - consciousness

      summary - Frederico Faggin is a physicist and microelectronic engineer who was the developer of the world's first microprocessor at Intel, the Intel 4004 CPU. - Now he focuses his attention on developing a robust and testable theory of consciousness based on quantum information theory. - What sets Frederico apart from other scientists who are studying consciousness is a series of profound personal 'awakening'-type experiences in which has led to a psychological dissolution of the sense of self bounded by his physical body - This profound experience led him to claim with unshakable certainty that our individual consciousness is far greater than our normal mundane experience of it - Having a science and engineering background, Faggin has set out to validate his experiences with a new scientific theory of Consciousness, Information and Physicality (CIP) and Operational Probabilistic Theory (OPT)

      to - Frederico Faggin's website - https://hyp.is/JTGs6lr9Ee-K8-uSXD3tsg/www.fagginfoundation.org/what-we-do/j - Federico Faggin and paper: - Hard Problem and Free Will: - an information-theoretical approach - https://hyp.is/styU2lofEe-11hO02KJC8w/link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-85480-5_5

    2. there is one thing that I want to to do on top of proving you know or disproving fact falsifying or not this theory is to finding ways in which people that are ready can have an extraordinary experience of Consciousness like did not through drugs but through methods you know way to breathe or different ways of special meditations what have you they are sufficiently welld developed that they can help the process of people experiencing themselves their Unity with one

      for - Federico Faggin - high priority objective - find and implement ways to catalyze authentic awakening experiences for those who are ready

      Federico Faggin - high priority objective - find and implement ways to catalyze authentic awakening experiences for those who are ready - Deep Humanity BEing journeys!

    3. I want to figure out find out help find out ways in which we can have things where maybe at the most you need to dedicate a week of your life you know because you need to be in a special environment in order to have the the sort of the the conditions in which this can happen and can have those experiences and if say 30% of the people that claim to be ready actually have one of those experien that would be a marvelous objective to reach so that's what I'm thinking right now

      for - Federico Faggin - high priority objective - find and implement ways to catalyze authentic awakening experiences in a short time - ie - one week

    4. to me the first step for being able to grow as a human being and as a true human being and express our true nature is to takeing first responsibility for what happens in our life good and bad and the next step is to be honest about yourself so the honesty was to recognize that I was unhappy and I was pretending to be happy so I recognize what normally people do not because they don't want to change their belief and so they continue to be unhappy

      for - answer - how to experience nondual - how to experience non-separation and the authentic self - Federico Faggin

      answer - how to experience nondual - how to experience non-separation and the authentic self - Be sincere in acknowledging your unhappiness and - take responsibility for it - Be a sincere seeker - The intensity of your search is like a prayer

    5. he Experience you had when you felt this beam coming out of you uh what type of experiences should people or could people aim in order to get access to this sort of information do they need some sort of a psychedelic do they need to meditate they need to read the WR books

      for - question - how to experience nondual - how to experience non-separation

    6. that's why the computer can never be conscious because basically he has none of the characteristics of qualia and he certainly doesn't have free will and Free Will and conscious must work together to create these fields that actually can can direct their own experience and create self-conscious entities from the very beginning

      for - AI - consciousness - not possible - Frederico Faggin

    7. with six postulates that are purely informational you can derive all the basic equations of physics and so that's a major piece of work because it demonstrated the intuition of John Wheeler that in 1995 said the famous it from bit so wheeler into it that matter is actually most likely produced by information

      for - quantum physics - John Wheeler's theory - validating

    8. and so so that theory was born by my effort also to try to figure out how do I connect what we all this Rich knowledge that we have about the physical world in physics with this inner world that I knew from the inside and that was called operational probabilistic Theory

      for - CIP OPT integration - Federico Faggin

    9. the second book irreducible you have many quotes at the start of each CH chapter and and it's kind of incredible when you realize how many physicists back in the day like Schrodinger Max plank all these people have these amazing quotes on Consciousness being such a fundamental aspect of reality

      for - consciousness - primacy of in physics - quotations from famous scientists

    10. this is the essence also of one and if we are part all well then we all can have this experience because it is who we are

      for - democracy of the sacred - illusion of Maya - poverty mentality

      democracy of - the sacred - illusion of Maya - Theoretically, we should all be able to awaken to the sacred, because THAT is what we all are! - And yet, most of us are so deluded that we cannot access that experience - Maya's illusion of separation is so strong - Poverty mentality is so strong

    11. t was so profound and so deeply felt to be true it was a direct experience of Consciousness that I never had before and it revealed that I am the totality of reality observing itself from a one point of view

      for - quote - awakening experience - Federico Faggin

      quote - awakening experience - Federico Faggin - (see below)

      • What I was observing was energy that previously had come out of my chest and
      • It was physical energy
      • It was not an imagination
      • It was physical energy was
      • It was a white light that
      • It felt like a love that I never felt before and
      • It was love, joy and peace
      • I never I never had experienced peace before
      • It was like like that's me this is my home this is this is who - I am that energy then now exploded now is everywhere and now I am, my consciousness is in that energy
      • My feelings are in that consciousness, which is also outside inside your body and o
      • Outside your body is everywhere well that experience can change your idea of who you are very quickly because
        • Apart from the fact that
          • it was so profound and
          • so deeply felt to be true
        • it was a direct experience of Consciousness that I never had before and
        • it revealed that I am the totality of reality observing itself from a one point of view
    12. I had extraordinary experience of Consciousness which is written in the book uh in the in fact both books that I that I uh printed where essentially I experienc myself as the Observer and the observe but I retain my point of view I was observing the world that and the world was me because my conscious was in that world that I was observing but I was observing

      for - epoche - kensho - satori - awakening experience - Federico Faggin

    13. I was betrayed by physicalism

      for - hard problem of consciousness - Federico Faggin

    14. a big part of the book and a big part of your previous book as I've read both of them is your joury because you describe your life going into different phases

      for - Federico Faggin - personal journey - profound awakening experience - reorientation of consciousness - from materialist - to idealist

    15. when the body dies you are gone because you are the body in this other theory on the other hand we are the field that controls the body so when the drone dies don't go anywhere you stay where you were and you continue to live

      for - comparison of death in - material vs idealist theories

    16. Consciousness is the perfect instrument to explore the inner reality which is exactly what we have been done all our lives when we think and when we understand the meaning and so on we are actually doing that in that Quantum reality we are not doing that in the brain

      for - consciousness - takes place in quantum reality

    17. in your book one of the quotes was Free Will is the ultimate cause of reality

      for - quote - free will is the ultimate cause of reality - Frederico Faggin

    18. fed Rico new book called irreducible

      for - book - Irreducible - author - Federico Faggin - to - book Irreducible

      to - book - Irreducible - https://hyp.is/0J8C4lo8Ee-WxX-r7RiEHw/www.collectiveinkbooks.com/essentia-books/our-books/irreducible-consciousness-life-computers-human-nature

    19. what you call CIP B which is the Consciousness information and physicality and how it links to opt which is operational probabilistic Theory

      for - definition - Consciousness Information and Physicality (CIP) - definition - Operational Probabilistic Theory (OPT)

    20. it's evolution of this state of this Quantum state in hilber space which then will allow us to compute the probabilities of what you might measure in space and time it will not tell you generally what you will measure he only tells you the probability what you can measure and that's crazy in a sense right because classical objects you can actually described trajectory so that at any point in time you can tell position momentum and so on but not for Quantum Quantum system so so this fundamental difference will will see that is essential to describe why the Consciousness and Free Will must be must be Quantum phenomena

      for - consciousness - quantum explanation depends on - difference between - quantum physics - and classical physics

      consciousness - quantum explanation depends on - difference between - quantum physics - and classical physics - quantum state evolves in Hilbert space - enables computation of probabilities of what one measures in space-time - but doesn't tell you what you will measure - This difference is critical for describing consciousness as a quantum phenomena

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    1. when we ask these huge metaphysical questions and we all forget that we were one's children and that we may have been experiencing this in a very very different way

      for - perspectival knowing - children - analytic idealism

    2. analytical idealism

      for - definition - analytic idealism

      definition - analytic idealism - reality itself is this field of subjectivity

    3. the wonderful thing about children is that they are natural philosophers

      for - Deep Humanity - children as natural philosophers - children - are naturally philosophers

    4. for - Dr. Donna Thomas - book - Children's unexplained experiences in a post materialistic world - analytic idealism - children perspective of reality - adjacency - children as natural philosophers - Deep Humanity as reminder of our philosophical nature

      adjacency - between - Children as natural philosophers - Deep Humanity - adjacency relationship - At time 59 minute of that interview, Dr Thomas makes a very insightful observation that - children are naturally philosophers - and ask deeply philosophical questions - Another way to look at Deep Humanity is that it is reminding us of these deeply philosophical questions the see all had when we were children - but we stopped asking then as we grew out of childhood because nobody could answer them for us

    1. for - climate change impacts - marine life - citizen-science - potential project - climate departure - ocean heating impacts - marine life - marine migration - migrating species face collapse - migration to escape warming oceans - population collapse

      main research findings - Study involved 146 species of temperate or subpolar fish and 2,572 time series - Extremely fast moving species (17km/year) showed large declines in population while - fish that did not shift showed negligible decline - Those on the northernmost edge experienced the largest declines - There is speculation that the fastest moving ones are the also the one's with the least evolutionary adaptations for new environments

    1. for - food system transition - 2022 paper - 6 case studies

      Summary - This paper gives a good complexity-based framework for characterising for system transition - It could be useful for facilitation of participatory community futures workshops - such as Stop Reset Go workshops

    1. Degradation ofecosystem services could be significantly slowed down or even reversed if the role ofbiodiversity and its full contribution to economic production were an integrated part ofdecisions made by governmental entities, companies, and other stakeholders (Paul et al2020)20

      for - biodiversity - impact of monoculture diet

      biodiversity - impact of monoculture diet - FAO study done before 2000 and often cited shows that 75% of the global diet comes from 12 plant and 5 animal food sources

      to - stats - progress trap - monoculture - table of 12 plant and 5 animal species that make up 75% of world's diet - https://hyp.is/iznepFWoEe-umbNyOGVqrg/thefuturemarket.com/biodiversity

    2. IPBES (2019) identifies 18 NCPs

      for - definition - Nature's Contribution to People - 18 categories

      definition - Nature's Contribution to People - 18 categories

      • Regulating Contributions -These are the services provided by nature that regulate environmental conditions.

        • Climate regulation
        • Air and water purification
        • Flood and disaster regulation
        • Disease regulation
        • Pollination
        • Pest and disease control
      • Material Contributions - These are the tangible products obtained from nature.

        • Food and fiber
        • Freshwater
        • Genetic resources
        • Wood, fuel, and other materials
        • Medicines
        • Energy
      • Non-material Contributions - These are the intangible benefits derived from nature.

        • Cultural identity and spiritual inspiration
        • Recreation and ecotourism
        • Aesthetic experiences
        • Knowledge and education
        • Sense of place and belonging
        • Mental and physical health
    3. cosystem services can beclassified as

      for - ecosystem services - classification

      ecosystem services - classification - provisional - fibre - textiles - construction - paper products - packaging - food - pollination - direct harvest - freshwater purification - medicine - regulative - disease management - climate regulation - freshwater purification - supportive / processes - nutrient cycling - pollination - soil formation - cultural / religious / spiritual - aesthetic - educational - recreational

    4. Inventories of species remain incomplete – mainly due to limited field sampling –to provide an accurate picture of the extent and distribution of all components ofbiodiversity (Purvis/Hector 2000, MEA 2003).

      for - open source, citizen science biodiversity projects - validation - open source, citizen science climate departure project - validation

      open source, citizen science biodiversity projects - validation - Inventories of species remain incomplete - mainly due to limited field sampling to provide an accurate picture of the extent and distribution of all components of biodiversity - Purvis/Hector 2000, MEA 2003

    5. whichecosystem services are most relevant for the re/insurance industry – for risk assessment,underwriting and investment allocation? Figure 1 shows those services we identified as mostrelevant to re/insurance

      for - biodiversity ecosystem services - most relevant for insurance industry

      biodiversity ecosystem services - most relevant for insurance industry - Intact habitat - respiratory disease claims are one of the key driver of insurance claims worldwide. Intact forests are a key air purifier - Pollination - stats - global annual economic cost of insect pollinators - 235 to 577 billion USD - OECD 2019 - Air quality and local climate - (see above) - Water security - Water quality - Soil fertility - Erosion control - coastal / river-bordering forests / mangroves provide key erosion protection. - roots build a natural bulwark against waves and can store water during heavy rainfall - where forests (and mangroves) have disappeared, landslides and storm surges are more common and can move further inland, causing property losses covered by insurance - Coastal protection - (see above) - Food provision - Timber provision

      question - valuable ecosystem services identified for insurance industry - what about minerals?

    6. The global annual market value of animalpollinated crops is estimated between USD 235–577 billion(OECD 2019)

      for - stats - global annual economic cost of insect pollinators - 235 to 577 billion USD - OECD 2019

    7. The loss of the Amazon forest impacts (micro)climate,water supply, carbon storage and soil integrity.Deforestation affects water supplies in Brazilian cities andneighboring countries. It also impacts the actual farmsdriving deforestation, causing water scarcity and soildegradation. Further deforestation may also impact watersupply globally

      for - question - economic impact of loss of Amazon Rainforest

      question - economic impact of loss of Amazon Rainforest - If the Amazon rainforest breaches its tipping point, it seems this study does not consider the impacts of such a large scale impact?

    8. for - planetary emergency - economic cost of nature - from an insurance perspective - natural capital valuation - from insurance industry perspective - biodiversity - natural capital valuation - from insurance industry perspective - Swiss RE - Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services (BES) metric - from insurance industry perspective