1. Last 7 days
  2. febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    1. how many years can some people existBefore they’re allowed to be free?

      Once again, Dylan calls for equality between Black and white people and (ironically) challenges the audience to specify the number of years that takes for someone to be free.

    2. blowin’

      This word presents a common linguistic phenomenon called g-dropping: it consists in the drop of the -g at the end of certain words. In fact, no -g is actually "dropped" because the 'g' is not even pronounced. All English speakers g-drop, but the frequency of this phenomenon is tied to class belonging, race, sex and degree of formality. Generally, it is more common among lower social classes. http://itre.cis.upenn.edu/~myl/languagelog/archives/000878.html

      What does this mean in the context of this song? Answer: By adopting g-dropping and thus language-wise, Bob Dylan positions himself in the tradition of folk music and becomes the spokesman of the people.

  3. pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca pressbooks.library.torontomu.ca
    1. Now, women forget all those things they don’t want to remember, and remember everything they don’t want to forget. The dream is the truth.

      Juxtaposition of men and women. Men have dreams; women don't have that opportunity (early 1900s). The truth is their only dream implies that they are often deceived or tricked. The statement "They act accordingly" illustrates their determination and matter-of-fact pragmatism.

    2. For some they come in with the tide. For others they sail forever on the horizon, never out of sight, never landing until the Watcher turns his eyes away in resignation, his dreams mocked to death by Time.

      The boats that carry men's dreams seem rudderless (maybe they anchor - be actualized - maybe they won't. They're distant, meaning unattainable, inaccessible for most who lack choice due to lack of opportunities and inequality for all.

    1. 👎

      plugin version: 2025.12, idea version: 2024.3.7

      安装之后只有一个action Next Tab, 用起来跟Ctrl+Tab没太大区别(只是不会瞬间显示那个switcher界面)——这跟其功能描述相差甚远,无疑很辜负名字里面的Pro字样

    1. void average_calc(DATA data[], double mean[], int no); int max_calc(double mean[], int no);

      プロトタイプ宣言について

      プログラムはmain関数から読み込んでいくため,先に関数を作っていると流れが見えにくい

      そのため,プロトタイプ宣言をしてmain関数を先に書いておこう

      参考授業資料(第4回)17ページ

    2. typedef struct {

      typedef宣言について

      構造体はそのままだと名前が長くて間違えやすい

      例)

      struct data { ...で書いてあったら

      main関数で使う時は struct data xxx;と宣言する必要がある

      typedef struct {...}DATA;で書いてあったら

      main関数で使う時は DATA xxx;と宣言するだけ

      講義資料も参考にtypedef宣言について知ろう

      参考授業資料(第11回)30ページ

    1. void average_calc(DATA data[], double mean[], int no); int max_calc(double mean[], int no);

      プロトタイプ宣言について

      プログラムはmain関数から読み込んでいくため,先に関数を作っていると流れが見えにくい

      そのため,プロトタイプ宣言をしてmain関数を先に書いておこう

      参考授業資料(第4回)17ページ

    2. typedef struct

      typedef宣言について

      構造体はそのままだと名前が長くて間違えやすい

      例)

      struct data { ...で書いてあったら

      main関数で使う時は struct data xxx;と宣言する必要がある

      typedef struct {...}DATA;で書いてあったら

      main関数で使う時は DATA xxx;と宣言するだけ

      講義資料も参考にtypedef宣言について知ろう

      参考授業資料(第11回)30ページ

    1. void average_calc(DATA data[], double mean[], int no); int max_calc(double mean[], int no);

      プロトタイプ宣言について

      プログラムはmain関数から読み込んでいくため,先に関数を作っていると流れが見えにくい

      そのため,プロトタイプ宣言をしてmain関数を先に書いておこう

      参考授業資料(第4回)17ページ

    1. python -m pip install -U mypy

      pip install mypy ではなく、これにしたのは何か意図があるのでしょうか? 他のライブラリは、pip install xxx になっているので、ここだけ何でだろうと思い。

    1. 型ヒントが登場した当初、型ヒントの利用は規模の大きなプロジェクトや開発メンバーの多いプロジェクトでの導入をお勧めしていました。

      主語があいまいで、次の文との関係も読みづらいので、この一文なくても良いかなと思いまいた。

    1. if

      ヒント

      このifの条件には#を表示するタイミングを書く

      i == 0は左側面の#の条件,j == 0は一番上の#の条件

      空欄7,8では右側面と下の#の条件を書こう

    1. if

      ヒント

      このifの条件には#を表示するタイミングを書く

      i == 0は左側面の#の条件,j == 0は一番上の#の条件

      空欄7,8では右側面と下の#の条件を書こう

    1. if

      ヒント

      このif文はwhile(1)の無限ループを抜けるための条件を書く

      この問題の場合-1が入力されるとループを抜け出すようにする

    1. if

      ヒント

      このif文はwhile(1)の無限ループを抜けるための条件を書く

      この問題の場合-1が入力されるとループを抜け出すようにする

    1. char a[3][20]; strcpy(a[0], "Nagasawa Masami");

      文字列の配列について

      char型の二次元配列を覚えるにはまずは図で表したら分かりやすい

      二次元配列に文字列を入れる方法

      6行目の「char a[3][20]」で20文字まで入る配列を3つ用意して、その3つの配列にどんな文字を入れるかの初期化の作業

      ここでは「a[0]」の配列に「Nagasawa Masami」の文字を入れている

      図は講義資料を参考にしてみよう

      参考授業資料(第10回)25ページ

    1. for (i = 0; i < DIM; i++) { z[i] = x[i] - y[i]; }

      ヒント

      for文で入力される配列の動き

      1週目: z[0] = x[0] - y[0]    z[0] = 1 - 2

      2週目: z[1] = x[1] - y[1]    z[1] = (-2) - 0

      3週目: z[2]= x[2] - y[2]    z[2] = 1 - (-2)

      このように,配列z[ ]に引き算の結果が入る.

    1. As human beings, we are a biological system experiencing reality. We sense ourenvironment, process what we receive, and use this understanding to navigatedecision-making and action. However, we are not isolated entities—we are inherently socialLieberman, 2013. Our intelligence is deeply tied to our ability to engage with others,coordinating in the world we inhabit. From the dawn of time, humans have been driven toimprove how we share information to enhance collective coordination and intelligence Dor,2023

      This is really interesting, what do you think?

    1. Pour ce dernier, persévérance et adaptation sont les capacités clés pour réussir (s’adapter = être capable de remettre en question ses connaissances passées).

      pas bien compris

    1. e believe that annotation error is not all bad, aslong as we can identify and utilize them

      self-correction should be based on strategically included flows, not repeated-pattern human error

    2. computer as the observation for the agent

      expecting to represent a high-complexity complete Turing machine as the vision space seems weak (s_i -> 1024x768x3). exaggerated info loss. images cound only retain the relevant tile for vision encoder

    1. For example, the rise of populist leaders and parties in various countries signifies a potent challenge to the managerial consensus. However, these victories are often temporary or limited in scope, as the managerial state demonstrates considerable resilience, adapting and reassertin

      Doesn't the GAE(Great American Empire) have a history of injecting democracy where it is needed most?

    2. Intellectual resistance often involves the dissemination of alternative ideas and frameworks, promoting discourses that favor more participatory and less centralized forms of governance.

      Thinking of Intellectual Discourse and meme distribution pre internet, the context of which this book was written is something I am having a hard time understanding.

    3. For example, movements advocating for civil liberties, individual rights, and community solidarity push back against what they see as the dehumanizing and homogenizing effects of the managerial state

      I bet Civil Liberties as a concept is not in the average liberal's lexicon these days. The state must force WOC's and gays into everything.

      I believe that the Gay stuff is all about population control, it's much more moral than the Nazi's so I am not complaining.

      Like Historically it does seem to just popped up and taken over institutions.

      The "Empire of Love" as Moldbug calls it.

    4. Politically, resistance is often spearheaded by populist and conservative groups who champion a return to decentralized governance, local autonomy, and traditional values. These groups perceive the managerial state as an overreaching entity that erodes personal freedoms and local communities. Through political campaigns, policy proposals, and grassroots mobilization, they seek to challenge and dismantle bureaucratic structures, advocating for a reduction in government oversight and a reassertion of national or regional sovereignty.

      Those that want to win will always beat those that want to be left alone.

    1. apprendre avec agilité est une compétence clé pour suivre l’évolution rapide des pratiques et des métiers. Savoir gérer son propre apprentissage devient alors une compétence du même ordre que savoir s’organiser ou savoir communiquer sur ses

      test

    1. Ce site présente un guide pour apprendre efficacement par soi-même. Il s’agit d’un recueil de bonnes pratiques, basé en bonne partie sur le cours en ligne du Dr Oakley et complété par d’autres, organisé par étape pour guider l’apprentissage personnel.

      test de commentaire

    1. it’s fast, declarative, has locking, can handle compiled dependencies and can manage virtual environments

      Can handle PyPI dependencies because of changes in PyPI, not because it provides these features

    1. garbage-collected languages

      That's "garbage-collected language implementations" (or, in this context, just "garbage collection").

      Programming languages are languages. They're notation. They're inert. They can't have garbage collectors.

      The presence of GC is a memory management implementation strategy—a choice—of a given programming language implementation. C, for example, is neither a "garbage-collected language" nor a "non-garbage-collected language".

      GCC doesn't have a garbage collector for C programs, and neither does Clang, but GCC and Clang are not "C"; C is a programming language, and GCC and Clang are programming language implementations. You could write a C implementation in the vein of SpiderMonkey or the compiler/runtime from the golang.org toolchain (one designed to parse and run programs written C instead of JS or Go) if you wanted to.

    1. unmixing. In this context, Raman measurements xi ∈ Rb aretreated as mixtures xi = F (M, αi) of a set of n unknown end-member components M ∈ Rn×b based on their relative abun-dances αi ∈ Rn in a given measurement xi. Blind unmixingaims to decompose a set of Raman measurements X ∈ Rm×b(i.e. a given scan) into endmember components M and theirrelative abundances A ∈ Rm×n.To achieve this, we train an autoencoder model A consist-ing of an encoder module E and a decoder module D. Theencoder was responsible for mapping input spectra x into la-tent space representations z = E (x), and the decoder was re-sponsible for mapping these latent representations into recon-structions of the original input bx = D(z) = D(E (x)) = A (x).The model was trained in an unsupervised manner by min-imising the reconstruction error between the input x and theoutput bx. During this process, the model was guided to learnthe endmember components M and their relative abundances Athrough the introduction of related physical constraints. Below,we provide additional details about the developed architectureand training procedure. For more information about hyperspec-tral unmixing, the reader is pointed to previous works by Ke-shava and Mustard55 and Li et al.56. For more informationabout autoencoders, the reader is pointed to the work of Good-fellow et al.81.The encoder E comprised two separate blocks applied se-quentially. The first part was a multi-branch convolutionalblock comprising four parallel convolutional layers with ker-nel sizes of 5, 10, 15 and 20, designed to capture patterns atmultiple spectral scales. Each convolutional layer contained32 filters with ReLU activation, He initialisation82 and ‘same’padding. Batch normalisation83 and dropout with a rate of0.284 were applied to each convolutional layer to improve train-ing stability and generalisation. The outputs of the four convo-lutional layers were merged channel-wise through a fully con-nected layer to yield an output of dimension matching that ofthe input spectrum. The rationale behind this was to transformintensity values into representations that capture local spectralfeatures (e.g. peak shape, width, local neighbourhood) and thuspromote better generalisability. The second part of the encoderwas a fully connected dimensionality reduction block, appliedto learn patterns between the learnt spectral features. This blockcomprised a series of fully connected layers of sizes 256, 128,64 and 32 with He initialisation and ReLU activation. Batchnormalisation and dropout (rate of 0.5) were also applied ateach fully connected layer. The block was followed by a finalfully connected layer (Xavier uniform initialisation85) that re-duced the final 32 features to a latent space of size n. The num-ber n was treated as a hyperparameter that encodes the numberof endmembers to extract, with latent representations treated asabundance fractions. To improve interpretation, non-negativitywas enforced in the latent space using a ‘softly-rectified’ hyper-bolic tangent function f (x) = 1γ log(1 + eγ∗tanh(x)), with γ = 10,as we previously reported53.

      It seems totally reasonable to use convolution across spectral space because any one place in the spectrum should contain information about proximal spaces. Similarly though, it seems reasonable to expect that there should be shared information across proximal pixels across the imaging space. Likely, pixels that are on the boundary between the nucleus and outside of the nucleus seem likely to have different spectra than those within the nucleus. As a result, combining convolutions across both physical and spectral space (a truly hyper-spectral convolutional autoencoder) seems both reasonable and like it would leverage the spatial information to further refine the endmember definitions. Did you try something like this?

  4. Dec 2025
    1. Antonio Damasio

      Антонио Дамасио (порт. António Damásio) — американский нейробиолог португальского происхождения. Заведующий кафедрой нейробиологии имени Дэвида Дорнсайфа в Университете Южной Калифорнии. Ранее в течение 20 лет возглавлял кафедру неврологии в Университете Айовы. Исследования Дамасио показали, что эмоции играют центральную роль в социальном познании и принятии решений.

    2. If AI is doing your thinking for you, whether it’s through auto-complete or whether it’s in some more sophisticated ways, as in “I’d let AI write the first draft, and then I’ll just edit it,” that is undercutting your critical thinking and your creativity. You may end up using AI to write a job application letter that is the same as everybody else’s because they’re also using AI, and you may lose the job as a result. You always have to remember that the owl sits on your shoulder and not the other way around.
    3. AI is forcing us to think differently about the various components of critical thinking. For instance, AI can be a helpful partner in analyzing and inferring, as well as with certain types of problem-solving, but it’s not always that successful at evaluating, and reflecting can’t (yet) be outsourced to AI.
    4. Many students use AI without a good understanding of how it works in a computational/Bayesian sense, and this leads to putting too much confidence in its output. So, teaching them to be critical and discerning about how they use it and what it offers is important. But even more important is helping them understand how their embodied human minds work and how powerful they can be when used well.
    5. A recent MIT Media Lab study reported that “excessive reliance on AI-driven solutions” may contribute” to “cognitive atrophy” and shrinking of critical thinking abilities. The study is small and is not peer-reviewed, and yet it delivers a warning that even artificial intelligence assistants are willing to acknowledge. When we asked ChatGPT whether AI can make us dumber or smarter, it answered, “It depends on how we engage with it: as a crutch or a tool for growth.”
    1. Casus UWV-algoritmeAls toepassing van de Selectiviteitsscan heeft het UWV een selectie-algoritme door het CPB laten toetsen: de Sollicitatiescan WW. Dit algoritme helpt bij het selecteren van dossiers die medewerkers bekijken om te beoordelen of iemand extra ondersteuning nodig heeft bij het solliciteren. De analyse laat zien dat bij zowel het algoritme als de medewerkers de groepssamenstelling in de selectie verschilt van een neutrale referentiegroep. In de referentiegroep heeft 37% een migratieachtergrond; het algoritme komt uit op 38% en medewerkers op 43%. Bij elk selectieproces zijn enige verschillen te verwachten, en in dit geval zijn die bij het algoritme kleiner dan bij medewerkers. De Selectiviteitsscan laat zien dát er verschillen zijn; het is aan de eigenaar van het algoritme om verschillen te duiden en rechtvaardigen.

      De testcasus ging om UWV gegevens, algo lag dichter bij neutraliteit dan de medewerkers zelf, maar niet geheel neutraal. UWV is zelf aan zet om te bedenken of ze iets met de uitkomsten moeten.

    2. Het is daarom belangrijk om te controleren of deze algoritmes bepaalde groepen niet benadelen. Dat is nu vaak lastig, omdat organisaties gevoelige gegevens, zoals leeftijd of migratieachtergrond, niet kunnen gebruiken. De Selectiviteitsscan biedt hiervoor een oplossing. Organisaties uploaden hun selectie naar de beveiligde microdataomgeving van het CBS, waar een onafhankelijke partij de analyse doet. De organisatie krijgt alleen de uitkomsten te zien; de gevoelige persoonsgegevens blijven volledig afgeschermd.

      Ah, it uses the CBS protected data working environment (also for the DGA). This means the debiasing is not done without personal data but without the organisation concerned seeing that data. Third party testing basically, with CBS being that party.

    1. To a piece of cloth that represents the "Land of the Free" that made people slaves to build

      Here is the ending sentence of the song: I could annotate it as I did so far, but by now you are familiar with Eminem's tone and with the themes dealt with in the project... so I would like to hear your interpretations! Try to unpack it on your own. Clues: my personal advice when it comes to understand a text is dividing it into smaller chunks (example: what piece of cloth is Eminem referring to?). If you struggle with understanding what he is trying to say, don't worry: try to read the text again and remember that previous and following sentences can help you out.

    2. That had its Natives killed

      Eminem touches upon another American tragedy: the genocide of Native Americans (which was even celebrated in the movie and comic industry). The present project does not focus on this theme; however, here are some resources to explore this topic: https://hmh.org/library/research/genocide-of-indigenous-peoples-guide/, https://study.com/learn/lesson/video/native-american-genocide-history.html, https://sites.uab.edu/humanrights/2017/04/17/indian-removal-act-genocide-native-americans/.

    3. Rodney King

      Another news story: Rodney King was a taxi driver who was stopped for speeding in 1991: after chasing him, police officers beat him to death. His assassination triggered the 1992 Los Angeles Riots. This story shows that race-oriented police brutality has a long story that precedes the rise of the Black Lives Matter Movement and the (sadly) known assassinations of George Floyd and Freddie Gray, among others. https://www.britannica.com/event/Los-Angeles-Riots-of-1992 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rodney-King If you are interested (or passionate about true crime), here is a clip from the news that digs deeper into Rodney King's beating (Content warning: violence). https://youtu.be/qnCCGIMCoog?si=qtKIXFVvisIx3WGY

    1. Rodney King

      Another news story: Rodney King was a taxi driver who was stopped for speeding in 1991: after chasing him, police officers beat him to death. His assassination triggered the 1992 Los Angeles Riots. This story shows that race-oriented police brutality has a long story that precedes the rise of the Black Lives Matter Movement and the (sadly) known assassinations of George Floyd and Freddie Gray, among others. https://www.britannica.com/event/Los-Angeles-Riots-of-1992 https://www.britannica.com/biography/Rodney-King If you are interested (or passionate about true crime), here is a clip from the news that digs deeper into Rodney King's beating (Content warning: violence). https://youtu.be/qnCCGIMCoog?si=qtKIXFVvisIx3WGY