Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

This theoretical study looks at individuals' strategies to acquire information before and after the introduction of pathogens into the system. The manuscript is well-written and gives a good summary of the previous literature. I enjoyed reading it and the authors present several interesting findings about the development of social movement strategies. The authors successfully present a model to look at the costs and benefits of sociality.

I have a couple of major comments about the work in its current form that I think are very important for the authors to address. That said, I think this is a promising start and that with some revisions, this could be a valuable contribution to the literature on behavioral ecology.

Before starting, I would like to be precise that, given the scope of the models and the number of parameter choices that were necessary, I am going to avoid criticisms of the decisions made when designing the models. However, there are a few assumptions I rather find problematic and would like to give proper attention to.

The first regards social vs. personal information. Most of the model argumentation is based on the reliance on social information (considering four, but to me overlapping, social strategies that are somehow static and heritable) but in fact, individuals may oscillate between relying on their personal information and/or on social information -- which may depend on the availability of resources, population density, stochastic factors, among others (Dall et al. 2005 Trends Ecol. Evol., Duboscq et al. 2016 Frontiers in Psychology). In my opinion, ignoring the influence of personal and social information decreases the significance of this work. I am aware that the authors consider the detection of food present in the model, but this is considered to a much smaller extent (as seen in their weight on individual decisions) than the social information cues.

Critically, it is also unclear how, if at all, the information and pathogen traits are related to each other. If a handler gets sick, how does this affect its foraging activity (does it stop foraging, slow its activities, or does it show signs of sickness)? Perhaps this model is attempting to explore the emergence of social movement strategies only, but how they disentangle an individual's sickness status and behavioral response is unclear.

Very little is presented about the virulence of the pathogens and how they could affect the emergence of social strategies. The authors keep their main argumentation based on the introduction of novel pathogens (without distinctions on their pathogenicity), but a behavioral response is rather influenced by how fast individuals are infected and which are their chances of recovering. Besides, they consider that only one or two social interactions would be enough for pathogen transmission to occur.

Another important component is that individuals do not die, and it seems that they always have a chance (even if it is small) to reproduce. So, how the authors consider unsuccessful strategies in the model outputs or how these social strategies would be potentially "dismissed" by natural selection are not considered.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

In this paper, Yang et al. seek to show the importance of the lncRNA VPS9D1-AS1 in the biology and pathology of colorectal cancer (CRC). Starting with the analysis of patient data, and proceeding to cellular and animal cancer models.

Specifically, the authors report higher VPS9D1-AS1 levels in tumor tissues in two independent cohorts of CRC patients. There was a positive association between VPS9D1-AS1 levels and molecules involved in TGFb signaling, yet a negative association between VPS9D1-AS1 levels and levels of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells (and a negative correlation of these levels of tumor-infiltrating CD8+ T cells and protein expression of molecules involved in TGFb signaling). Cell line studies revealed a positive feedback loop between VPS9D1-AS1 and TGFb signaling molecules, with a cell-intrinsic, pro-proliferative, and pro-survival effect of VPS9D1-AS1 on CRC cancer cells. VPS9D1-AS1 also controls the expression of several genes in the IFN pathway, in particular the ISGs IFI27 and OAS1. In addition, IFI27 and OAS1 expression are controlled by TGFb, TGFBR1, and SMAD1, and the promoter of OAS1 is targeted by SMAD4 (but also TGFb), which binds to it. VPS9D1-AS1 expression in tumor cells promotes PD1 expression and negatively affects IFNAR1 on T cells to reduce their effector functions. In vivo, MC38 CRC cells overexpressing VPS9D1-AS1 show increased tumor growth in mice, and animals with transgenic VPS9D1-AS1 expression in the intestine develop larger CRC lesions upon AOM/DSS treatment. Finally, in vivo targeting of VPS9D1-AS1 using anti-sense oligo reduced tumor size. The data indicate a series of intricate molecular and cellular interactions and suggest that VPS9D1-AS1 can help with patient stratification, improving prognostic prediction and allowing for personalized treatment.<br /> Taken together, there is a multitude of datasets and several complementary experiments using patient-derived samples, genetically engineered cell lines, and mouse models. Definitely, the paper includes many avenues of inquiry that cover the broad field of cancer molecular biology, biochemistry, and pathogenesis. However, this broad approach renders the paper difficult to follow at times and also leads to numerous typographical and interpretive (but, largely, not methodological), mistakes. In addition, the quality of some of the figures needs to be improved before they can be properly evaluated.

In methodology, the authors are largely successful, and I would not recommend major changes to the work, other than to recommend a "focusing" of the manuscript objectives, or a paring of the data to better convey the desired story.

The experiments presented herein, particularly those that test the efficacy of the lncRNA as cancer therapeutics are important for the field, and should be of high import to other cancer biologists.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

This study used electrophysiological data acquired from neurons in the dorsal raphe to model 5-HT output in response to extrinsic excitatory inputs based on the intrinsic properties of 5-HT neurons and local network connectivity with GABAergic neurons. Specifically, general and modified integrate-and-fire single cell models, together with local network models among 5-HT neurons and local GABAergic neurons providing feedforward inhibition (FFI), are used to simulate the firing output of 5-HT neurons in response to transient and prolonged depolarizations. The conclusions are as follows. 1) 5-HT neurons display prominent spike frequency adaptation, resulting from afterhyperpolarization potentials and change in firing threshold, and inactivating K current characteristic of A-type K current (I-A). These two features cause the rapid decline in firing responses at the onset of depolarizing input. 2) Heterogeneous FFI due to heterogeneous electrophysiological properties of local GABA neurons lead to divisive inhibition of 5HT neuron firing (i.e., change in the slope of input-output function) in the network model. 3) Using a ramp depolarization, the authors found that 5-HT neurons encode the temporal derivative of depolarization, i.e., the slope of ramp depolarization. This property can be ascribed to the prominent spike-frequency adaptation observed in 5-HT neurons. Overall, this study provides new insights into the control of 5-HT output by single cell and network mechanisms.

The conclusions are well supported by combination of rigorous brain slice electrophysiological recordings of the two types of neurons in the dorsal raphe, i.e., 5-HT neurons and somatostatin-positive GABA neurons, which are identified by the usage of transgenic mice where these neurons are fluorescently labeled, and the application of single cell and network models.

As the authors state, the most striking finding of this study is that 5-HT neurons encode temporal derivative of excitatory inputs, as it may relate to reinforcement learning models. Here, this feature is captured using a ramp depolarization and is solely modeled with intrinsic property of 5-HT neurons, i.e., spike-frequency adaptation. Instead of using a ramp depolarization, using repetitive brief depolarizations with changing intervals/frequency will be more informative. Further, incorporating the network model with FFI, in particular the delay in inhibition following excitation associated with FFI when same inputs (single and repetitive) feed into 5-HT neurons and GABA neurons, may be more relevant to the reinforcement learning algorithms (e.g., see Fig. 6a in J. Neurosci. 2008, 28: 9619-9631).

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

The authors examine the effects of depletion of an accessory subunit of the V-ATPase, ATP6AP2, using recombination of a floxed gene with osteocalcin promoter cre recombinase. Major findings are that defects and death in osteocytes occur, with mass spectrometry sequencing showing that matrix metalloproteinase, MMP14, which is involved in collagen remodeling in a number of other contexts, regulates bone matrix remodeling and osteocyte differentiation downstream of ATP6AP2. Further, ATP6AP2 depletion was counteracted in part by direct expression of MMP14 in ATP6AP2 depleted osteoblast-lineage cells.

Major strengths of the work include a clear description of methods and most results, as well as a concise and clear discussion.<br /> - There is an extensive description of the bone with a detailed discussion of micro computed tomography and staining results.<br /> - Interesting findings include retention of woven bone, and labeling for secondary indicators including cleaved caspase 3, RunX2, and sclerostin.<br /> - Osteocyte tomato labeling of the ATP6AP2Ocn-cre animals is a very good confirmation of the histomorphometric analysis.<br /> - The KI67 labeling of proliferative cells is very interesting but should be introduced more clearly. Similarly, cleaved caspase 3 is very useful but a sentence stating why this was done would be useful for clarity.<br /> - Interaction of ATP6AP2 directly with MMP14 is very interesting and useful in wrapping up the paper.

Weaknesses include:<br /> - When introducing assays, a brief description of why this is done would make the paper more accessible.<br /> - The reviewer would like to see a clearer description of the depletion of ATP6AP2 by cre-lox recombination.<br /> - Results showing calcein deposition, not on the surface of the cortical bone requires more data to strengthen this finding.<br /> - Retention of woven bone suggests a defect in resorption, but a clear description of the resorbed area is not seen.

The reviewer is enthusiastic about the manuscript.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

The authors use microfluidic devices to follow single swimmers for long periods, measuring their movement in detail and allowing detailed statistics at a level that has never been possible before and machine learning.

Its strength is the extraordinary detail and the doors opened by the quality of the resultant data. As such it makes a substantial contribution to a narrow field and adds slightly more subtly to an important field of full mathematically accessible descriptions of migration phenotypes.

Its weakness is that these tools are not yet used for any particularly enlightening tests. The directed probability fluxes are interesting, but not surprising. The strength of this paper is in the method, the analysis, and the ability to generate rigorous datasets.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

Krehenwinkel et al. investigated the long-term temporal dynamics of arthropod communities using environmental DNA (eDNA) remained in archived leave samples. The authors first developed a method to recover arthropod eDNA from archived leave samples and carefully tested whether the developed method could reasonably reveal the dynamics of arthropod communities where the leave samples originated. Then, using the eDNA method, the authors analyzed 30-year-long well-archived tree leaf samples in Germany and reconstructed the long-term temporal dynamics of arthropod communities associated with the tree species. The reconstructed time series includes several thousand arthropod species belonging to 23 orders, and the authors found interesting patterns in the time series. Contrary to some previous studies, the authors did not find widespread temporal α-diversity (OTU richness and haplotype diversity) declines. Instead, β-diversity among study sites gradually decreased, suggesting that the arthropod communities are more spatially homogenized in recent years. Overall, the authors suggested that the temporal dynamics of arthropod communities may be complex and involve changes in α- and β-diversity and demonstrated the usefulness of their unique eDNA-based approach.

Strengths:<br /> The authors' idea that using eDNA remained in archived leave samples is unique and potentially applicable to other systems. For example, different types of specimens archived in museums may be utilized for reconstructing long-term community dynamics of other organisms, which would be beneficial for understanding and predicting ecosystem dynamics.

A great strength of this work is that the authors very carefully tested their method. For example, the authors tested the effects of powdered leaves input weights, sampling methods, storing methods, PCR primers, and days from last precipitation to sampling on the eDNA metabarcoding results. The results showed that the tested variables did not significantly impact the eDNA metabarcoding results, which convinced me that the proposed method reasonably recovers arthropod eDNA from the archived leaf samples. Furthermore, the authors developed a method that can separately quantify 18S DNA copy numbers of arthropods and plants, which enables the estimations of relative arthropod eDNA copy numbers. While most eDNA studies provide relative abundance only, the DNA copy numbers measured in this study provide valuable information on arthropod community dynamics.

Overall, the authors' idea is excellent, and I believe that the developed eDNA methodology reasonably reconstructed the long-term temporal dynamics of the target organisms, which are major strengths of this study.

Weaknesses:<br /> Although this work has major strengths in the eDNA experimental part, there are concerns in DNA sequence processing and statistical analyses.

Statistical methods to analyze the temporal trend are too simplistic. The methods used in the study did not consider possible autocorrelation and other structures that the eDNA time series might have. It is well known that the applications of simple linear models to time series with autocorrelation structure incorrectly detect a "significant" temporal trend. For example, a linear model can often detect a significant trend even in a random walk time series.

Also, there are some issues regarding the DNA sequence analysis and the subsequent use of the results. For example, read abundance was used in the statistical model, but the read abundance cannot be a proxy for species abundance/biomass. Because the total 18S DNA copy numbers of arthropods were quantified in the study, multiplying the sequence-based relative abundance by the total 18S DNA copy numbers may produce a better proxy of the abundance of arthropods, and the use of such a better proxy would be more appropriate here. In addition, a coverage-based rarefaction enables a more rigorous comparison of diversity (OTU diversity or haplotype diversity) than the read-based rarefaction does.

These points may significantly impact the conclusions of this work.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

In this article, the authors leveraged patterns on the empirical genomic data and the power of simulations and statistical inferences and aimed to address a few biologically and culturally relevant questions about Cabo Verde population's admixture history during the TAST era. Specifically, the authors provided evidence on which specific African and European populations contributed to the population per island if the genetic admixture history parallels language evolution, and the best-fitting admixture scenario that answers questions on when and which continental populations admixed on which island, and how that influenced the island population dynamics since then.

Strengths:

1) This study sets a great example of studying population history through the lens of genetics and linguistics, jointly. Historically most of the genetic studies of population history either ignored the sociocultural aspects of the evidence or poorly (or wrongly) correlated that with genetic inference. This study identified components in language that are informative about cultural mixture (strictly African-origin words versus shared European-African words), and carefully examined the statistical correlation between genetic and linguistic variation that occurred through admixture, providing a complete picture of genetic and sociocultural transformation in the Cabo Verde islands during TAST.

2) The statistical analyses are carefully designed and rigorously done. I especially appreciate the careful goodness-of-fit checking and parameter error rates estimation in the ABC part, making the inference results more convincing.

Weaknesses

1) Most of the methods in the main analyses here were previously developed (eg. MDS, MetHis, RF/NN-ABC). However, when being introduced and applied here, the authors didn't reinstate the necessary background (strength and weakness, limitations and usage) of these methods to make them justifiable over other methods. For example, why ADS-MDS is used here to examine the genetic relationship between Cabo Verde populations and other worldwide populations, rather than classic PCA and F-statistics?

2) The senior author of this paper has an earlier published article (Verdu et al. 2017 Current Biology) on the same population, using a similar set of methods and drew similar conclusions on the source of genetic and linguistic variation in Cabo Verde. Although additional samples on island levels are added here and additional analyses on admixture history were performed, half of the main messages from this paper don't seem to provide new knowledge than what we already learned from the 2017 paper.

3) Furthermore, there are a few essential factors that could confound different aspects of the major analyses in this article that I believe should be taken into account and discussed. Such factors include the demographic history of source populations prior to admixture, different scenarios of the recipient population size changes, differences in recombination rates across the genome and between African and European populations, etc.

Overall, the paper is of interest to the field of human evolutionary genetics - that not only does it tell the story of a historically important population, but also the methodology behind this paper sets a great example for future research to study genetic and sociocultural transformations under the same framework.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

This work conducted a Mendelian randomization analysis between TG and a large number of disease traits in biobanks. They leverage the publicly available summary statistics from the European samples from the UK Biobank and FinnGen. A solid but routine standard summary-statistics based MR study is conducted. Several significant causal associations from TG to phenotypes are called by setting p-value cutoff with some Bonferroni correction. Sensitivity statistical analyses are conducted which generate largely consistent results. The research problem is important and relevant for public health as well we drug development. Overall this is a solid execution of current methods over appropriate data source and yields a convincing result. The interpretation of the results in discussion is also well-balanced.

While the paper does have strengths in principle, a few technical weaknesses are observed.

They used UK Biobank as the discovery and FinnGen as the replication. But the two cohorts are rather used symmetrically. Especially for the Tier 3 (NB), it seems to be an attempt of reusing the replication cohort as the discovery. I wonder if that would create additional multiple testing burden as a greater number of hypotheses are considered.

The replication p-value cutoff is a bit statistically lenient. In a typical discovery-replication setting the two stages are conducted sequentially and replication should go through the Bonferroni adjustment on the number of significant signals from discovery that is tested in the replication. For example, in this case, in tier 2, the cutoff should be 0.05/39. This may make the association of leiomyoma of the uterus slightly non-significant though. Similar cutoff should be applied to tier 3 as well.

The causal effect of TG to leiomyoma of the uterus is weak, as indicated by both the sub-significant in the replication and the non-significant of MR-PRESSO. Similarly, I would recommend more caution on the weak statistical rigor when interpreting Tier 2 and Tier 3 results.

Another methodological choice that might need justification is the use of UKB TG GWAS loci (1,248 SNPs) are the instrument for FinnGen. This may create some subtle interference with the use of UKB as outcomes in the discovery analysis. It may be minor but some justification or at least some discussions of potential limitations should be mentioned. What about the alternative of using GLGC as instruments in replication?

For disease outcomes (line 188), UKB European sample size is ~400,000 rather than ~500,000. Can the author clarify the sample size they used?

It would be reassuring to the reader if the TG measurements were measured in a treatment-naïve manner.

"Phenome-wide MR is a high-throughput extension of MR that, under specific assumptions, estimates the causal effects of an exposure on multiple outcomes simultaneously." - I guess it is more informative to mention the specific assumptions, at least briefly, in the introduction so it is easier for the reader to interpret the results.

Reviewer #2 (Public Review):

In this new exciting manuscript, Möller and colleagues studied different behavioral patterns of human and non-human primate subjects in a transparent social coordination game. In the task, two subjects chose between two visible options, in which each subject preferred a different option. Critically, the reward level also varied based on a payoff matrix. Choosing the non-preferred options by both subjects resulted in the lowest rewards, whereas choosing the preferred options by both resulted in medium-sized rewards for both. However, when both subjects chose the same option (i.e., coordinated), which was preferred by one subject but not preferred by the other subject, both received the highest rewards, with the subject who indicated the preferred option receiving a higher reward than the other. Therefore, the optimal strategy would be a dynamic turn-taking strategy in which both subjects choose the same option while taking turns over time. The authors found that about half of the human pairs adopted the turn-taking strategy. On the other hand, monkeys performed the task mostly in a selfish manner - both monkeys tended to choose their preferred options. Interestingly, in the human-monkey pairing, the monkeys could learn the turn-taking patterns. Furthermore, a detailed examination showed that turn-taking patterns in humans indicated a prosocial strategy, while turn-taking patterns in monkeys reflected a competitive strategy, where a slow-responding monkey followed the option of the fast-responding monkey. Together, the results convincingly demonstrate very interesting similarities and differences between humans and monkeys in carrying out social coordination.

Strength: This study provides convincing results with good sample size and rigorous data analyses. The transparent task design uniquely allowed the authors to examine the visual social aspects underlying social coordination. The direct comparison between human and monkey subjects, as well as examining human-monkey pairs were important and informative. Overall, the results provide novel insights into other studies in non-human primates that aim to understand the common social decision-making mechanism of both human and non-human primates.

Weakness: In the situation when the human subjects were paired with monkey subjects, it was unclear what detailed aspects of this experience directly led to the increase in the turn-taking behavior in the monkey subjects. About half of the human subjects behaved more like the monkey subjects by not exhibiting the dynamic turn-taking behavior, yet the reasons behind this within-group difference were unclear.

Reviewer #2 (Public review):

The present studies by Foster and colleagues use mouse genetics to show that pyruvate kinase 1 and 2 (PKM1 and PKM2) regulate ATP-sensitive K+ channel activity (KATP channel) through mitochondrial PEP-dependent cytoplasmic ATP/ADP increases, leading to first phase insulin secretion. During the second phase of insulin secretion, when ATP hydrolysis is maximal, oxidative phosphorylation is engaged to sustain ATP/ADP ratios and KATP channel closure. As such, the work challenges the consensus view of KATP channel activity, which states that ATP derived from oxidative phosphorylation in the mitochondrial matrix increases cytoplasmic ATP/ADP ratio, thus closing KATP channels and increasing Ca2+ fluxes.

Strengths of the study include: 1) careful experimental design and execution; 2) use of comprehensive mouse genetics to pinpoint roles of PKM1, PKM2 and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (which produces PEP from oxoaloacetic acid); and 3) multiple lines of corroboratory evidence that the PEP-PKM1/2 system influences KATP channel activity and downstream signaling, via changes in non-mitochondrial ATP/ADP.

Weaknesses include: 1) lack of in vivo data to support a role of PKM1/PKM2 in determining glucose levels; and 2) over-reliance on mouse models, meaning that translational relevance to human biology is unclear.

Nonetheless, on balance, the authors have achieved their aims of showing that PEP and PKM1/PKM2 are critical regulators of KATP channel activity, Ca2+ fluxes and insulin secretion.

Overall, this is a potentially important study, which updates the textbook view of KATP-channel regulation, the major signaling mechanism through which pancreatic beta cells couple blood glucose levels to insulin release.

In the article, "The New Normative: Queer Politics in The Outs," author John Sherman, a freelance writer from Brooklyn, implores reader's to give credit to show's casually- revolutionary representation of queer characters. Sherman indicates to reader's that this is a rarely great representation for its time (2012) because it gives gay characters a non-stereotypical story line. It allows it's characters to be people who just happen to be gay. In just the pilot episode, it's not hard to see this truth. With the first four queer male characters being introduced, they all have different characteristics, priorities, and dynamics with eachother that don't center around their gayness. This gives a depth to the queer character being represented without relying on the fact that their gay to do so. I think that the positive reaction to this show bodes very well for the style of queer representation being presented and will hopefully inspire more writing and content making of this kind which non-chalently gives a voice gay to story lines in a relatable- human way instead of a stereotypical and tokenising way.

I believe that Shitt's Creek also does this fairly well. Although I've only seen a couple episodes myself- I saw the character of David as a complete person and story line not defined by his gayness or partner choices although it is an obvious part of his identity.

Comparaciones part 2

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105028

Resource: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-150213-2

Curator: @evieth

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-150213-2

What is this?

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105028

Resource: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-150311-2

Curator: @evieth

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-150311-2

What is this?

魂牵梦萦

Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696

• When considering the work of social reproduction in the University, I suggest we focus our attention to two interrelated and crucial sites: the reproduction of the University itself, and the reproduction of the subject (the student-self).
• Mapping social reproduction in the University uncovers the racism and patriarchy at work. As the neoliberal university seeks to market its diversity and multiculturalism, it requires those diverse bodies to do the work of reproducing the university as such.

DOI: 10.1242/dev.198408

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-GENO-071003-2,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-GENO-071003-2)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-GENO-071003-2

What is this?

You need a space to gather, make sense of, and share your answers as they develop.

Once the government has control of the economy, will they ever let go?

5.1 Recognize that 1) the biggest threat to good decision making is harmful emotions, and 2) decision making is a two-step process (first learning and then deciding).

2 Use the 5-Step Process to Get What You Want Out of Life

Definition DIrect 2 Mobile

Bold

Process flow: Worldview, purpose, metric and finally design

Paper 1: Worldview and purpose Paper 2: practical implementation Paper 3: Design

DOI: 10.7554/eLife.76640

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-ALT-120103-2,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-120103-2)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-120103-2

What is this?

DOI: 10.7554/eLife.76640

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-ALT-110721-2,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-110721-2)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-110721-2

What is this?

Referencing Intersections and Dialectics, McNally identifies in liberalism what he calls "social Newtonianism." In this theoretical framework, "things—be they entities, processes, or relations—can thus only be understood as utterly discrete atomic bits whose identities exclude the co-constituting effects of others," a critique which he applies doubly to liberalism and strains of intersectional theory. (McNally, 97) In a much less radical sense, we can understand social Newtonianism to be constitutive of the faux-progressivism of the neoliberal university, in which Contemporary DEI is an entrenched set of discourses. The production of social atomism amongst the working class is essential to ruling class ideology, and by extension managerial rationality. Managerial rationalities within the university are thus accepting of a watered-down form of intersectionality--one that leans into social Newtonianism and discourages class analysis. For this reason, among others, SRT provides resources to combat institutional discourse on race, gender and inequality.

In the residential university, the economic and social life of the student are collapsed. In this sense, the labor of being surveilled and the production of human capital through all social processes inherent to regimes of managerial rationality, is panoptical, totalizing.

Part 2 aims to supplement the economic questions addressed in Part 1 to fully account for the vast unpaid and uncompensated labor that constitutes the labor process within the university. A proper analysis of labor in the university, and Contemporary DEI's role in facilitating it is to understand the socio-economic productive and reproductive forces that produce student, faculty and administrative subjectivity.

In the racialized and gendered capitalism that produces DEI, embodying diversity and similar forms of labor are made invisible as such.

There's something here that's akin to the idea of bikeshedding? Online communities flock to the low lying ideas upon which they can proffer an opinion and play at the idea of debate. If they really cared, wouldn't they instead delve into the research and topics themselves? Do they really want Taibbi's specific take? Do they want or need his opinion on the topic? What do they really want?

Compare and cross reference this with the ideas presented by Ibram X. Kendi's article There Is No Debate Over Critical Race Theory.

Are people looking for the social equivalent of a simple "system one" conversation or are they ready, willing, and able to delve into a "system two" presentation?

Compare this also with the modern day version of the Sunday morning news (analysis) shows? They would seem to be interested in substantive policy and debate, but they also require a lot of prior context to participate. In essence, most speakers don't actually engage, but spew out talking points instead and rely on gut reactions and fear, uncertainty and doubt to make their presentations. What happened to the actual discourse? Has there been a shift in how these shows work and present since the rise of the Hard Copy sensationalist presentation? Is the competition for eyeballs weakening these analysis shows?

How might this all relate to low level mansplaining as well? What are men really trying to communicate in demonstrating this behavior? What do they gain in the long run? What is the evolutionary benefit?

All these topics seem related somehow within the spectrum of communication and what people look for and choose in what and how they consume content.

HGNCID:

2.. el surgimiento del paradigma cognitivo

🇺🇦 Meaghan Kall. (2022, January 27). NEW: 🏴󠁧󠁢󠁥󠁮󠁧󠁿 Vaccine effectiveness (symptomatic infection) data for BA.2 {Omicron’s more infectious sister} NO difference in VE between Omicron (BA.1) and BA.2 Possibly even higher VE for BA.2 but estimates overlap See full thread 🧵 from @freja_kirsebom https://t.co/bJ7uCn2cGV [Tweet]. @kallmemeg. https://twitter.com/kallmemeg/status/1486821549458001927

Freja Kirsebom. (2022, January 28). Two important updates from our team this week: - Vaccine effectiveness (VE) against symptomatic disease after Omicron BA.2 shows that VE remains unchanged—VE against death after Omicron BA.1 shows VE is 95% at 2+ weeks after booster 1/7 Full report https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050721/Vaccine-surveillance-report-week-4.pdf [Tweet]. @freja_kirsebom. https://twitter.com/freja_kirsebom/status/1486730977464369160

Tom Wenseleers. (2022, January 23). @HarrySpoelstra @trvrb @CorneliusRoemer @JosetteSchoenma BA.2 has a growth rate advantage over BA.1 of ca 0.11/day. That’s quite sizeable. If it would have the same short generation time as BA.1 of 2.2 days it would imply a ca.1.3x higher transmissibility, due to higher contagiousness or immune escape. Https://t.co/X8TcWJ4pXQ [Tweet]. @TWenseleers. https://twitter.com/TWenseleers/status/1485375883066101763

ReconfigBehSci [@SciBeh]. ‘RT @vikkypaedia: B.1.1.529 Seems to Have Gone from 0.1% to 50% in Just a Couple of Weeks, When It Took Delta Several Months to Achieve That…’. Tweet. Twitter, 26 November 2021. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1464194450406752282.

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, February 18). RT @chrischirp: Speaking of which, latest COG UK data shows that BA.2 is dominant already in NI & likely dominant within Scotland & Eng wit… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1494711071839592450

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 28). RT @chrischirp: BA.2 & BA.1.1 (Omicron variants) are growing in many countries. Quite what this means in terms of cases, hospitalisation… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1487066966363934720

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, March 5). RT @theAliceRoberts: A new study predicts the effect of fully reopening schools—Pushing R up from 0.8 to between 1.1-1.5. R is very abst… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1369569328920727553

Amy Maxmen, PhD. (2020, August 26). 🙄The CDC’s only substantial communication with the public in the pandemic is through its MMW Reports. But the irrelevant & erroneous 1st line of this latest report suggests political meddling to me. (The WHO doesn’t declare pandemics. They declare PHEICs, which they did Jan 30) https://t.co/Y1NlHbQIYQ [Tweet]. @amymaxmen. https://twitter.com/amymaxmen/status/1298660729080356864

ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 9). RT @ChristoPhraser: Our paper on evaluating the first three months of the NHS COVID-19 app is out now as a pre-print. A 🧵 1/n https://t.co/… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359132102927798275

NetScience on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 15 February 2021, from https://twitter.com/net_science/status/1360990028168503297

ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 3). As debate on ‘saving the economy versus saving lives’ marches on, it’s worth noting that this type of contrast actually has a name in fallacy research: Https://t.co/N8U4ABWTuh it’s also worth noting that there is now a substantial number of research articles on the topic. 1/n [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1323603017179013130

Miguel Hernán. (2021, February 15). To all who claim that there’s no evidence that #SARSCoV2 is transmitted in bars: If the risk of transmitting #SARSCoV2 is provenly greater in crowded indoor places, why should bars be magically protected? Burden of the proof is on bar’s owners, not on scientists @BillHanage [Tweet]. @_MiguelHernan. https://twitter.com/_MiguelHernan/status/1361463022187864066

(1) ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @ahandvanish: New paper on 10,024 breakthrough infections shows that vaccination does not prevent #LongCovid. Https://t.co/8WurrqXRwy…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 29 October 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1453638123624226822

Moritz Gerstung. (2021, November 1). An update on currently circulating SARS-CoV-2 variants in England beyond AY.4.2. Based on data released weekly to http://covid19.sanger.ac.uk we’ve been monitoring the speed of spread of currently 232 lineages. It’s a very dynamic situation and at times hard to stay on top. 🧵 [Tweet]. @MoritzGerstung. https://twitter.com/MoritzGerstung/status/1455136551407689734

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @MOUGK: @AineToole and @viralverity built this incredible tool to visualise, integrate and track VOCs https://t.co/MRPJqdAkJ9 more updat…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 August 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1395144412741603329

Prof Peter Hotez MD PhD. (2022, February 7). 1: BA.2 some evidence that it’s even more transmissible than the original omicron which is more transmissible than delta, and so forth. If it takes hold like it did in Denmark it will slow the descent of original omicron here [Tweet]. @PeterHotez. https://twitter.com/PeterHotez/status/1490669166176702466

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 8). RT @PeterHotez: Two US COVID trends I’m following: 1) Make sure the decline in new cases continues, 2) Screenshot from http://Outbreak.Info… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1501193920058961924

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 18). RT @KamranAbbasi: The rapid rise in cases of Omicron BA.2 only underlines that airborne transmission is real and dominant. This is a respir… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1505207686169862147

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘RT @theosanderson: Introducing 🌳https://t.co/m8MusGFkpI: a new tool that lets you dive into a tree of more than a million public SARS-CoV-2…’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 16 August 2021, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1412418927871864835

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 8). RT @DrEricDing: ⚠️UPDATE—#BA2 is now 11.6% in US, up from 8.3% last week. It’s definitely increasing, as warned. #COVID19 still dropping, b… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1501248333876240385

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 31). RT @fascinatorfun: Interesting as 🇩🇰 Omicron BA2 wave started sooner than 🇬🇧 “We conclude that Omicron BA.2 is inherently substantially m… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1488152457012297736

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 19). RT @Kit_Yates_Maths: I know this tweet is aimed at the US, but it would be great if the message about BA.2 would sink in in the UK too! [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1505210192287481857

John Roberts. (2022, January 28). Some (very) early evidence that secondary attack rates of BA.2 are higher in household settings than those of its older sibling. From the latest Variant TB 35. Https://assets.publishing.service.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/1050999/Technical-Briefing-35-28January2022.pdf 1/ https://t.co/AFTril1jF1 [Tweet]. @john_actuary. https://twitter.com/john_actuary/status/1487086733149749251

Alastair Grant. (2022, March 9). Based on the spike gene target data from TaqPath, BA.2 made up 82% of COVID cases in England on 6th March—It has now almost taken over We know that BA.2 has higher transmission than Omicron and there are a number of examples from Denmark of BA.2 reinfection shortly after BA.1 https://t.co/rEyud8osY1 [Tweet]. @AlastairGrant4. https://twitter.com/AlastairGrant4/status/1501606060033028099

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, January 23). RT @LauraMiers: BA.2’s growth advantage over BA.1 is jarring. Meanwhile, we are operating under the assumption that “Omicron will end the p… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1485519516914302980

Prof Peter Hotez MD PhD. (2022, February 8). So it’s Groundhog Day for Covid, no BA.2 and we get an early Covid spring; if BA.2 accelerates we get 6 more weeks of Covid winter [Tweet]. @PeterHotez. https://twitter.com/PeterHotez/status/1491144988738322433

Al Newman. (2022, March 8). @danaparish @jennybluebird2U To your point: Https://t.co/CsULpIACoI [Tweet]. @AlNewman_. https://twitter.com/AlNewman_/status/1501056062262333441

What do we know about Covid’s impact on the brain? (2022, March 9). The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2022/mar/09/covid-coronavirus-brain-study-eric-topol

Prof. Christina Pagel 🇺🇦. (2022, March 8). What could be causing it? Likely combo of: 1—Dominant BA.2 causing more infections (we await ONS!) 2—Reduction in masks, self-isolation & testing enabling more infections 3—Waning boosters in older people esp I worry that we will be stuck at high levels for long time. 2/2 https://t.co/xZ2SLFNVkS [Tweet]. @chrischirp. https://twitter.com/chrischirp/status/1501250081693048838

Eric Feigl-Ding. (2022, January 23). 6) here is BA2 in Netherlands 🇳🇱—Already at 5%. HT @LongDesertTrain https://t.co/AoE1jGto03 [Tweet]. @DrEricDing. https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1485317793855778823

Eric Feigl-Ding on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 21 March 2022, from https://twitter.com/DrEricDing/status/1501778936942010370

DOI: 10.1016/j.stem.2022.03.009

Resource: (IMSR Cat# HAR_2,RRID:IMSR_HAR:2)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:IMSR_HAR:2

What is this?

empowerment

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disadvantage

collar-and-elbow, Irish wrestling, advantage

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how the enslaved kept their honor, history, martial arts

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Haseltine, W. A. (n.d.). Birth Of The Omicron Family: BA.1, BA.2, BA.3. Each As Different As Alpha Is From Delta. Forbes. Retrieved 30 March 2022, from https://www.forbes.com/sites/williamhaseltine/2022/01/26/birth-of-the-omicron-family-ba1-ba2-ba3-each-as-different-as-alpha-is-from-delta/

DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104042

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-ALT-060301-2,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-060301-2)

Curator: @evieth

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-ALT-060301-2

What is this?

CBC Podcasts. (2022, February 3). Today on #TheDoseCBC: a frank discussion about the new #Omicron sub-variant with virologist @angie_rasmussen, who says BA.2 isn’t necessarily more pathogenic—But we need to proceed with caution. Learn more: Http://bit.ly/3gnlPak https://t.co/NOp7MMwkwk [Tweet]. @cbcpodcasts. https://twitter.com/cbcpodcasts/status/1489315238822490118

Coronavirus infections remain high while Omicron ‘stealth variant’ rises—REACT | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved 22 March 2022, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/234517/coronavirus-infections-remain-high-while-omicron/

Al Newman. (2022, March 8). @danaparish @jennybluebird2U To your point: Https://t.co/CsULpIACoI [Tweet]. @AlNewman_. https://twitter.com/AlNewman_/status/1501056062262333441

Mahase, E. (2022). Covid-19: Is the UK heading for another omicron wave? BMJ, 376, o738. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.o738

Polytheism was the cultural norm during the First Temple period. It wasn't until the reforms of King Josiah described in 2 Kings in the second half of the 7th century BCE that other Semitic gods were actively removed from the Temple and parts of culture in favor of Yahweh.

Mot, one of the other sons of El, is described as a deity who has a son in Job 18:13 and as one who opens his mouth wide and swallows souls in Habakkuk 2:5.

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 11). RT @dgurdasani1: UKHSA tech report out—TL;DR: -BA.2 now represents >80% of omicron in England -Growth rate 80% greater relative to BA.1 p… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1502598815081275393

Unit, Corona Behavioural. ‘The Effect of Proximity of COVID-19 Test Facilities on Test Uptake: Two Quasi-Experimental Trials’. PsyArXiv, 17 February 2022. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/rhvmc.

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, March 6). RT @JPWeiland: BA.2 projections in the US: Coming off of the massive omicron wave (Rt=0.64) will provide a lot of immunity to restrict B… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1500489703472222208

DOI: 10.7554/eLife.74821

Resource: (ZFIN Cat# ZDB-GENO-070830-2,RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-GENO-070830-2)

Curator: @scibot

SciCrunch record: RRID:ZFIN_ZDB-GENO-070830-2

What is this?

§ 122 Bekanntgabe des Verwaltungsakts

(1) Ein Verwaltungsakt ist demjenigen Beteiligten bekannt zu geben, für den er bestimmt ist oder der von ihm betroffen wird. § 34 Abs. 2 ist entsprechend anzuwenden. Der Verwaltungsakt kann auch gegenüber einem Bevollmächtigten bekannt gegeben werden. Er soll dem Bevollmächtigten bekannt gegeben werden, wenn der Finanzbehörde eine schriftliche oder eine nach amtlich vorgeschriebenem Datensatz elektronisch übermittelte Empfangsvollmacht vorliegt, solange dem Bevollmächtigten nicht eine Zurückweisung nach § 80 Absatz 7 bekannt gegeben worden ist.

ReconfigBehSci. (2022, February 1). RT @thehowie: NYC update Cases down 40%; positive rate 4.0% Hospital census back to levels of December 27 and declining. New hospitali… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1488786082254700553

Typography is not about how it should look but rather how it can convey the message.

I like this statement because when it comes to typography it is meant to reveal the beauty behind the design.

It's true that if you can transfer your thought and ideas in your design, your audience would be able to understand your message.

self-pityingly or tearfully sentimental, often through drunkenness.

Not showing due respect for another person or being impertinent

The writer seems to to talking about the reader of a design becoming overwelmed by the text in a design when they look at it if there is to much causing the message of the design to be lost or not focused on in the design.

Su, Y., Yuan, D., Chen, D. G., Ng, R. H., Wang, K., Choi, J., Li, S., Hong, S., Zhang, R., Xie, J., Kornilov, S. A., Scherler, K., Pavlovitch-Bedzyk, A. J., Dong, S., Lausted, C., Lee, I., Fallen, S., Dai, C. L., Baloni, P., … Heath, J. R. (2022). Multiple Early Factors Anticipate Post-Acute COVID-19 Sequelae. Cell, 0(0). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.014

I will be coming to class EVERYDAY

Arg2: Le réchauffement climatique est une menace pour les EM

• La pollution plastique Consommation = 8M tonnes déchets / an => Formation d'une "soupe de plastique" / "continent de plastique" Risque pour biodiversité marine, espèces ingèrent le plastique

• Les marées noires constituent un risque pour les EM 2010: Explosion de la plateforme "Deepwater" = marée noire sur les côtes de la Louisiane = EU conflits d'usage entre compagnies pétrolière, pêcheurs et employés du tourisme .

Arg2: les EM sont confrontés à de la piraterie maritime à laquelle les Etats tentent de faire face

• Opération de lutte contre la piraterie 2008: Eunavfor = Opération ATALANTE / Golfe d'Aden : Somalie. Soutient bases militaires = Djibouti => Dissuasion => Répression

Arg 2: Les frontières maritimes ne sont pas figées

• ZEE = modèle théorique difficilement applicable contentieux entre pays cotiers: Cour Internationale de Justice (1945), Cour permanente d'arbitrage (1899) EX: Fixation ZEE, Ghana - Côte d'Ivoire (2013)

• ZEE : demande prolongation Demande extension du plateau continental

Arg2: les ressources halieutiques constituent un enjeu économique majeur

• La pêche et l'aquaculture subviennent aux besoins énergétiques et protéiniques de la population 1950 - auj = production halieutique*8 1950 - 2016 = 19M tonnes - 170M tonnes (dont 150M pour conso° humaine directe) 1980 - 2016 = 4,5M - 80M de tonnes prod° aquaculture

• les ressources halieutiques sont exportées 27% prod° halieutique = int 143 Milliards $ = CA

• des intérêts économiques vitaux pour les Etats 60M travailleurs = secteur de la pêche situations précaire = 95% des pêcheurs vivent en Afrique ou en Asie

Arg2: Maritimisation = littoralissation + importance facades maritimes littoralisation: 60% pop in moins 60km côtes (3,6 Milliards hab) 14/16 aires urbaines

**Secteurs économiques 1st = pêche 2nd = ZIP (Port de Pirée, Port de Marsaxlokk à Malte), accesibilité, entreprises de raffinages et sidérurgiques = matières premières Services = tourisme, aménités, héliotropisme, haliotropisme => stations balnéaires

Rôle des ports: HUB dans le processus de M°

• grande capacité portes conteneurs (1st = Shanghai Yangshan, St Expuéry par CMA CGM) MAIS nécessitent port adaptés (ports en eaux profondes de Kribi, espaces de stockage, portd de transbordement, plateformes intermodales: Port de Rotterdam)

Rôle façades maritimes = lieu de concentration CMM Northern Range: Have - Hambourg Cote Est des EU: Nord de Boston - Miami Cote ouest des EU: Puget Sound - Californie Asie de l'Est et Japon: Tokyo - Singapour

Week 2 Reading

filmstarts.de 4,5/5 moviepilot.de 7,2/10 + diverse Kritiken im Kommentarbereich