5,406 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2026
    1. c.2945dupA

      Case#: 17

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C <1% (Severe Phenotype), No inhibitors present

      CasePreviousTesting: Screened for IVS-22 and IVS-1, Possibility that sample was blinded for NGS and validated by comparing results with Sanger Sequencing

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3(F8):c.2945dup (p.Asn982LysfsTer9)

      ClinVar: 10249 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/10249/

      CAID: CA255142

      gnomAD: Not reported

    2. c.6623A>G

      Case#: 34

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C 23%, Mild Phenotype, No inhibitors present

      CasePreviousTesting: Screened for IVS-22 and IVS-1, sample was blinded for NGS and the sequencing component was validated by comparing results with Sanger Sequencing

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3(F8):c.6623A>G (p.Gln2208Arg)

      ClinVar: 368117 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/368117/

      CAID: CA10567784

      gnomAD: MAF for Gln2208Arg in the European (non-Finnish) population 0.00004320<br>https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/X-154090093-T-C?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

    3. c.1345C>T

      Case#: 43

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C 30% (Mild Phenotype)

      CasePreviousTesting: Screened for IVS-22 and IVS-1, sample was blinded for NGS and the sequencing component was validated by comparing results with Sanger Sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3(F9):c.1345C>T (p.Arg449Trp)

      ClinVar: 626990 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/626990/

      CAID: CA10529890

      gnomAD: MAF for Arg449Trp in the European (non-Finnish) population 0.00006494<br>https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/X-138644189-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

    4. c.575T>C

      Case#: 5

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C 26% (Mild Phenotype), No inhibitors present

      CasePreviousTesting: Screened for IVS-22 and IVS-1, sample was blinded for NGS and the sequencing component was validated by comparing results with Sanger Sequencing

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3(F8):c.575T>C (p.Ile192Thr)

      ClinVar: 618637 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/618637/

      CAID: CA414919417

      gnomAD: Not reported

    1. 66

      Case#: 66, male, 16 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 11.8%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.2167G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 10246

      CAID: CA255138

      gnomAD:

    2. 15

      Case#: 15, male, 11 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.2275A>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414902563

      gnomAD:

    3. 148

      Case#: 148, male, 8 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1282_1298delAGTCAATATTTGAACAA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    4. 154

      Case#: 154, male, 27 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 4.6%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3413delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    5. 43

      Case#: 43, male, 22 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.902G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 10192

      CAID: CA255079

      gnomAD:

    6. 177

      Case#: 177, male, 41 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.del exons7_11

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    7. 47

      Case#: 47, male, 19 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1241A>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414915839

      gnomAD:

    8. 90

      Case#: 90, male, 12 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6406G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414899430

      gnomAD:

    9. 159

      Case#: 159, male, 11 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 12%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3637delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255146

      gnomAD:

    10. 85

      Case#: 85, male, 31 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 9%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6103G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 381561

      CAID: CA16609159

      gnomAD:

    11. 49

      Case#: 49, male, 56 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 5.1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1660A>C

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414911810

      gnomAD:

    12. 168

      Case#: 168, male, 7 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 1.6%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.5480delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    13. 105

      Case#: 105, male, 8 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 49%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6683G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 10098

      CAID: CA255016

      gnomAD:

    14. 98

      Case#: 98, male, 31 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 1.7%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6544C>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 10321

      CAID: CA255214

      gnomAD:

    15. 172

      Case#: 172, male, 32 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.del exons1_25

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    16. 163

      Case#: 163, male, 30 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3931_3932delinsTTT

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    17. 58

      Case#: 58, male, 8 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 1.1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1909A>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414909856

      gnomAD:

    18. 91

      Case#: 91, male, 7 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 22%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6437T>C

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: 627110

      CAID: CA414908033

      gnomAD:

    19. 129

      Case#: 129, male, 20 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3637dupA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA10568191

      gnomAD:

    20. 118

      Case#: 118, male, 55 years old, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: Noted Family History

      ParentalTesting: Maternity confirmed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 1.3%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: F8 gene variants were identified using next-generation sequencing (NGS), inverse shifting PCR and MLPA

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.5219+3A>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA873340051

      gnomAD:

  2. www-thieme-connect-de.libproxy.lib.unc.edu www-thieme-connect-de.libproxy.lib.unc.edu
    1. 066–2002

      Case#: 066-2002

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1% < FVIII:C < 5%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.5399G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255162

      gnomAD:

    2. 071–2025

      Case#: 071-2025

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1% < FVIII:C < 5%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.2167G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255138

      gnomAD:

    3. 020–2070

      Case#: 020-2070

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 5% < FVIII:C < 40%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.558C>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414919454

      gnomAD:

    4. 003–2002

      Case#: 003-2002

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3637delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255146

      gnomAD:

    5. 020–1003

      Case#: 020-1003

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant:

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    6. 035–2020

      Case#: 035-2020

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1% < FVIII:C < 5%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.5275G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414911087

      gnomAD:

    7. 020–2021

      Case#: 020-2021

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1396T>C

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    8. 071–2037

      Case#: 071-2037

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant:

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID:

      gnomAD:

    9. 022–2003

      Case#: 022-2003

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.278C>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414920106

      gnomAD:

    10. 003–2025

      Case#: 003-2025

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant:

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID:

      gnomAD:

    11. 001–1010

      Case#: 001-1010

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3274_3276delAACinsCC

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    12. 035–2016

      Case#: 035-2016

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3637delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255146

      gnomAD:

    13. 005–1002

      Case#: 005-1002

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant:

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    14. 084–2003

      Case#: 084-2003

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.209_212delTTGT

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255050

      gnomAD:

    15. 020–2065

      Case#: 020-2065

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 5% < FVIII:C < 40%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1834C>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255129

      gnomAD:

    16. 004–2019

      Case#: 004-2019

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.3637delA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255146

      gnomAD:

    17. 060–2006

      Case#: 060-2006

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1% < FVIII:C < 5%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1618C>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414911950

      gnomAD:

    18. 001–2026

      Case#: 001-2026

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.986G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255089

      gnomAD:

    19. 047–2002

      Case#: 047-2002

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, moderate

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1% < FVIII:C < 5%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The 26 exons and their flanking regions of F8 were amplified by PCR using specific primers with a simple modification

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.6011C>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414905140

      gnomAD:

    1. S10

      Case#: S10, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Mucosal bleeding

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The F8 gene was directly sequenced for all 26 exons using the Sanger sequencing method. PCR was performed and subsequently analyzed

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.1931T>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414909677

      gnomAD:

    2. S6

      Case#: S6, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C < 1%, Mucosal bleeding, Inhibitor present

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: The F8 gene was directly sequenced for all 26 exons using the Sanger sequencing method. PCR was performed and subsequently analyzed

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NA

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: No

      gnomAD:

    1. mutation

      Case#: Cases 1464

      DiseaseAssertion: Familial Severe Hemophilia B

      FamilyInfo: In 16 cases, the family pedigree showed more than one affected individual (familial cases) and 12 cases were sporadic. In 17 cases, familial data was not available.

      ParentalTesting: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOsFreeText: reduced factor IX activity (FIX:C: <1)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.4:c.128G>A (p.Arg43Gln)

      ClinVar: 810864

      CAID: CA414435539

      gnomAD: Absent/Not Reported

    1. 13.

      Case#: 13

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C = 6.6%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: All relevant sequences of F9 were PCR amplified and analyzed by DNA sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3:c.797C>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414443482

      gnomAD:

    2. 34.

      Case#: 34

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: All relevant sequences of F9 were PCR amplified and analyzed by DNA sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3:c.223C>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA340993

      gnomAD:

    3. 19.

      Case#: 19

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: All relevant sequences of F9 were PCR amplified and analyzed by DNA sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3:c.1129G>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414446072

      gnomAD:

    4. 26.

      Case#: 26

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: All relevant sequences of F9 were PCR amplified and analyzed by DNA sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3:c.1234G>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414446705

      gnomAD:

    5. 42.

      Case#: 42

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, severe

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C < 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: All relevant sequences of F9 were PCR amplified and analyzed by DNA sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3:c.252+2T>G

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414436440

      gnomAD:

    1. c.839G>A

      Case#: 17, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: Sporadic

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: Mild

      CasePreviousTesting: All 26 exons and exon-intron boundaries of the F8 gene were amplified using primers and PCR, analyzed by direct forward and reverse sequencing using a DNA sequencing kit

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.839G>A (p.Gly261Asp)

      ClinVar: NA

      CAID: CA414918260

      gnomAD: Not reported

    2. c.4155_4195dup

      Case#: 6

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: Sporadic

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: Severe, Inhibitors present

      CasePreviousTesting: All 26 exons and exon-intron boundaries of the F8 gene were amplified using primers and PCR, analyzed by direct forward and reverse sequencing using a DNA sequencing kit

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.4157_4197dup (p.Pro1400SerfsTer38)

      ClinVar: NA

      CAID: CA1139532048

      gnomAD: Not reported

    3. c.782T>C

      Case#: 16, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A

      FamilyInfo: Sporadic

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: NA

      CaseHPOFreeText: Moderate

      CasePreviousTesting: All 26 exons and exon-intron boundaries of the F8 gene were amplified using primers and PCR, analyzed by direct forward and reverse sequencing using a DNA sequencing kit

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.3:c.782T>C (p.Leu242Pro)

      ClinVar: NA

      CAID: CA414918925

      gnomAD: Not reported

    1. A13

      Case#: A13

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 10, FVIII:AG = 60, assay discrepancy present (OSA>CSA)

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: Coding region and intron/exon bound-aries of the F8 gene were amplified from all patient samples and directly sequenced using primers

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.4:c.5303G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA10568007

      gnomAD:

    2. B14 – B16

      Case#: B14 - B16

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C Chr = 10, FVIII:AG = 18, inverse assay discrepancy present (OSA<CSA)

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: Coding region and intron/exon bound-aries of the F8 gene were amplified from all patient samples and directly sequenced using primers

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.4:c.1293G>C, NM_000132.4:c.1293G>T

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA414915298, CA255100

      gnomAD:

    3. B32 – B44

      Case#: B32 - B44

      DiseaseAssertion: NA

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C Chr = 94, FVIII:AG = 88, inverse assay discrepancy present (OSA<CSA)

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: Coding region and intron/exon bound-aries of the F8 gene were amplified from all patient samples and directly sequenced using primers

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.4:c.2215G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255139

      gnomAD:

    4. A5 – A8

      Case#: A5 - A8

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia A, mild

      FamilyInfo: NA

      ParentalTesting: NA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125

      CaseHPOFreeText: FVIII:C = 26, FVIII:AG = 60, assay discrepancy present (OSA>CSA)

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: Coding region and intron/exon bound-aries of the F8 gene were amplified from all patient samples and directly sequenced using primers

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.4:c.1649G>A

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar: No

      CAID: CA255115

      gnomAD:

    1. The proband, 12-year-old boy with moderate bleeding history, had manifest prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time (98.1 s) and markedly decreased FIX activity (1%).

      Case#: 12 year old male

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B, moderate

      FamilyInfo: Uncle had mild Hemophilia B

      ParentalTesting: No

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOFreeText: FIX:C = 1%

      CaseNotHPOs: NA

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NA

      CasePreviousTesting: exons and introns were amplified by PCR and subsequently analyzed by direct sequencing

      Gene: F9

      Variant:

      LegacyVariant:

      ClinVar:

      CAID:

      gnomAD:

    1. Cysteine 19--arginine (in patient HB13O) alters thesignal peptide. The factor IX activity (20%) in thepatient record suggests mild disease

      Case#: Family HB130

      DiseaseAssertion: Mild Hemophilia B

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      ParentalTesting: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOsFreeText: reduced factor IX activity (FIX:C : 20%)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting:

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.4:c.82T>C (p.Cys28Arg)

      LegacyVariant: c.111T>C (p.Cys-19Arg)

      ClinVar: 10657

      CAID: CA255450

      gnomAD: Absent/Not Reported

    1. Ala-10 residue (Ala[GCC) to Val[GCT]

      Case#: Oldenburg_Patient_A and Oldenburg_Patient_C

      DiseaseAssertion: Mild Hemophilia B (exacerbated due to phenprocoumon administration)

      FamilyInfo: The parents of patients A and C emigrated from the same region in North-Eastern Europe (North Poland)

      ParentalTesting: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858

      CaseHPOsFreeText: reduced factor IX activity, severe bleeding at each oral anticoagulation with phenprocoumon occurrence, bleeding in muscles of the upper leg

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.4:c.110C>T (p.Ala37Val)

      ClinVar: Absent

      CAID: CA414435437

      gnomAD: Allele Frequency in European (non-Finnish) population: 0.00002186

    1. Leu-23Pro

      Case#: HB-KHF-04 (Male, Korean)

      DiseaseAssertion: Severe Hemophilia B

      FamilyInfo: Among the 33 patients, 13 had a family history (39%), while the rest of the patients did not (sporadic, 61%). 27 patients (82%) had the severe form of the disease, while 6 patients (18%) had the moderate form

      ParentalTesting: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003645, HP:0011858

      CaseHPOsFreeText: Prolonged partial thromboplastin time, reduced factor IX activity

      CaseNotHPOs: None

      CasePreviousTesting: aPTT and one-stage clotting assay at labs where patients were ascertained: FIX-deficient plasma (STA®-Deficient IX; Diagnostica Stago, Asnieres-sur-Seine, France; reference range, 60–150%) at Samsung Medical Center or HemosIL™ (Instrumentation Laboratory, Milan, Italy; reference range, 50–145%) at the Korea Hemophilia Foundation.

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.4:c.68T>C (p.Leu23Pro)

      ClinVar: Absent

      CAID: CA414434403

      gnomAD: Absent/Not Reported

    1. p.Ala37Thr

      Case#: Tamura_Case (male, 49 y/o)

      DiseaseAssertion: Severe Hemophilia B

      FamilyInfo: No family history of stroke, thrombosis or bleeding episodes

      ParentalTesting: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0012233, HP:0011858

      CaseHPOsFreeText: cerebral infarction, prolonged APTT (58.4 s), elevated diluted Russell viper venom time ratio (2.68), and anti-β2 glycoprotein I antibody (9.7 U/mL) and anticardiolipin antibody IgG (39 U/mL), antiphospholipid antibody syndrome (APS), intramuscular hemorrhage, reduced factor IX activity (<0.5%)

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.4:c.109G>A (p.Ala37Thr)

      ClinVar: 804089

      CAID: CA10529736

      gnomAD: Allele Frequency in population where variant was found in the highest (South Asian population): 0.0001128

    1. 6 months of age, the proband (male, born on 20 February 2008)

      Case2: 6-month-old Male, China

      DiseaseAssertion: Hemophilia B (Factor IX-deficient)

      FamilyInfo: Mother and maternal grandmother are HB carriers due to a novel mutation in intron 3. Pedigree shown in Figure 1.

      ParentalTesting: The F9 exons were amplified (RT-PCR) and exons 1 to 8 of the F9 gene were analyzed with the ABI 3130 Genetic Analyzer, Sequenced intron 3 of the F9 gene

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011858 (Reduced factor IX activity)

      CaseHPOFreeRext: FIX:C 1%, Pelioma, Cyanotic bumps, Subcutaneous bleeding, knee swelling from crawling

      CasePreviousTesting: Prenatal testing at 20 weeks

      Gene: F9

      Variant: NM_000133.3(F9):c.278-3A>G

      ClinVar: 92225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/92225/#id_first

      CAID: CA285284

      gnomAD: Not Reported

    1. The p.Pro521Leu substitution (patient P3)

      Case#: P3 (female)

      DiseaseAssertion: Carrier

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      ParentalTesting: Father was tested; has mild HA

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003125, HP:0001928

      CaseHPOFreeText: Low FVIII levels (significant decrease in FVIII:C (48.4% ± 6.1, P < 0.01) and FVIII:Ag (36.6% ± 2.7, P < 0.01)), abnormal blood coagulation

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOsFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Molecular Analysis included a southern blot assay, PCR, dHPLC and a multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis. Plasmid mutagenesis, plasmid transfection and in silico analysis were also performed.

      Gene: F8

      Variant: NM_000132.4:c.1562C>T

      CAID: CA414912242

      gnomAD: Absent/Not Reported

    1. c.2545 A > G (p.T849A) was observed in family 087

      Case#: Jiang_2015_Family_087_Patient_III:2, male, age 28 at time of report, national origin listed as Chinese

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011463 (Childhood onset), HP:0025573 (Mild myopia), HP:0032037 (Mildly reduced visual acuity), HP:0007703 (Abnormality of retinal pigmentation), HP:0008275 (Abnormal light-adapted electroretinogram), HP:0000642 (Red-green dyschromatopsia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing included mapping the disease locus in this family to the region of chr17p13.1-2 containing AIPL1, PITPNM3, and GUCY2D (PMID: 23734073).

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from all exons and flanking regions of the GUCY2D, AIPL1, and PITPNM3 loci.

      CaseMethod2: Allele-specific PCR analysis to genotype the proband and family members

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband was genotyped by linkage mapping of the phenotype within affected and unaffected members of his family, followed by Sanger sequencing of PCR products from all exons and flanking regions of the 3 candidate loci, and finally allele-specific PCR analysis to genotype the proband and family members.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000180.4(GUCY2D)):c.2545A>G (p.Thr849Ala) variant in the heterozygous state.

      CAID: CA397953755

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000180.4(GUCY2D)):c.2545A>G (p.Thr849Ala) is a missense variant located within the coiled-coil domain that mediates dimerization. Missense variants at the nearby Codon 838 have proven to constitute a hot spot disrupted in other families similarly affected with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (PMID: 11115851, PMID: 12552567, PMID: 26298565). Cases from this family appear to be less severely affected than those.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband has two older family members who are similarly affected and who harbor the variant.

      CasePMIDs: PMID: 23734073

    2. p.R838H

      Case#: Jiang_2015_Patient_010043, female, age 28 at time of report, national origin listed as Chinese

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011463 (Childhood onset), HP:0011003 (High myopia), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0007703 (Abnormality of retinal pigmentation), HP:0030329 (Retinal thinning), HP:0008275 (Abnormal light-adapted electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing appears to have been limited to clinical phenotyping.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from all exons and flanking regions of the GUCY2D locus

      CaseMethod2: HhaI restriction digest of the PCR-amplified exon 13

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband was genotyped by Sanger sequencing of PCR products from all exons and flanking regions of the GUCY2D locus. Parents were implied to have been genotyped as well. The patient and family members were subjected to additional genotyping through restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis, then confirmation by HhaI restriction endonuclease digestion of PCR products from the relevant exon 13.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2513G>A (p.Arg838His) variant in the heterozygous state.

      ClinVar: 9357

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2513G>A (p.Arg838His) is a missense variant located within the coiled-coil domain that mediates dimerization. Codon 838 has proven to be a hot spot disrupted in other families similarly affected with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (PMID: 11115851, PMID: 12552567, PMID: 26298565). The variant has been reported in an apparently unrelated family from this same publication. The p.Arg838His substitution has been shown to disrupt the calcium sensitivity of GUCY2D and to trigger the inability to inactivate cyclase activity at high physiological calcium ion concentrations (PMID: 11115851).

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's parents are unaffected and negative for the variant, indicating that this may be a de novo case. It is uncertain whether genotyping methods were sufficient to confirm paternity and maternity.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. missense

      Case#: Mykykyn_2002_Proband_PR1-1, gender not specified, age not described, family origin reported as from Puerto Rico

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been previously diagnosed with Bardet-Biedl syndrome based on at least three of the following features; obesity, polydactyly, renal anomalies, retinopathy, hypogonadism, and/or mental retardation.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband and their affected and unaffected family members were subjected to mapping of the disease-associated locus to chromosome 11, followed by PCR- and Sanger sequencing-based genotyping of chromosome 11 markers.

      CaseMethod1: linkage mapping

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of BBS1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and their affected and unaffected family members were subjected to linkage mapping of the disease-associated locus to chromosome 11, followed by PCR- and Sanger sequencing-based genotyping of chromosome 11 markers. Sanger sequencing of BBS1 was subsequently used to identify the variant.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg) variant in the homozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 12143

      gnomAD: The variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.002773 in the European (non-Finnish) population, with 358 alleles / 129114 total alleles (0 homozygotes) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-66293652-T-G?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg) is a missense variant with mouse knock-in evidence of a similar disease-causing effect in the homozygous state (PMID: 18032602). This has not been taken into account in scoring, as the mouse model has been scored separately. However, it has provided a rationale not to down-score for the relatively high gnomAD frequency of this variant.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's family is described as consanguineous.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. 15 year old boy (patient II‐1)

      Case#: Moore_2006_Family_1_Patient_II-1, male, 15 years old at time of report, national origin not mentioned

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0011463 (Childhood onset), HP:0011109 (Chronic sinusitis), HP:0031353 (Otitis media with effusion), HP:0002837 (Recurrent bronchitis), HP:0100750 (Atelectasis), HP:0002110 (Bronchiectasis), HP:0006536 (Airway obstruction), HP:0005101 (High-frequency hearing impairment), HP:0012263 (Immotile cilia), HP:0012258 (Abnormal axonemal organization of respiratory motile cilia), HP:0012264 (Absent central microtubular pair morphology of respiratory motile cilia), HP:0012256 (Absent outer dynein arms), HP:0012257 (Absent inner dynein arms)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient received a diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia in early childhood, followed by retinitis pigmentosa diagnosed later in childhood. Atelectasis was severe and led to partial lobectomy at age 14 years. Microbiology detected Haemophilus influenzae. Biopsies showed both motile and immotile cilia.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002643 (Neonatal respiratory distress), HP:0012418 (Hypoxemia), HP:0030853 (Heterotaxy)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Based on a family history consistent with X-linked inheritance, the patient and family members were subjected to segregation analysis using 4 microsatellite markers on the X chromosome. Genome-wide methods were not used for genotyping.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from each of the 19 coding exons of RPGR, including the flanking intronic sequences

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The patient and family members were subjected to segregation analysis using 4 microsatellite markers on the X chromosome. Sanger sequencing of PCR products from each of the 19 coding exons of RPGR, including the flanking intronic sequences, was then performed. Genome-wide methods were not used for genotyping.

      Variant: The patient harbors the NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.572_619+9del variant in the hemizygous state.

      CAID: CA2573131867

      gnomAD: This variant was not found in gnomAD v.2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.572_619+9del is a deletion variant spanning the function between exon 6 and intron 6. It has been shown to yield a shorter mRNA generated by the use of a cryptic splice donor site in exon 6 (Figure 4) that is predicted to trigger a frameshift and nonsense-mediated decay or disruption of the C-terminal 84% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is a member of Family 1, which has a pedigree shown in Figure 1. The patient's family includes a similarly affected brother and a mother diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa, both harboring the RPGR variant of interest. Parents are reportedly non-consanguineous.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. The A187K mutation was found in three families from Sweden sharing a common haplotype.

      Case#: Pusch_2000_Family_9069_proband, male, 18 years of age, Swedish family origin

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007642 (Congenital stationary night blindness), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0031624 (Moderate myopia), HP:0007984 (Electronegative electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: ERG with absent oscillatory-potential wavelets

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001098 (Abnormal fundus morphology), HP:0030473 (Abnormal light-adapted flicker electroretinogram)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Linkage analysis and haplotype analysis were performed using RFLP X-chromosomal markers and SSCP.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR amplified exons from NYX

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Linkage analysis and haplotype analysis were performed using RFLP X-chromosomal markers and SSCP. This was followed by Sanger sequencing of PCR products to identify the variant.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_022567.2(NYX):c.559_560delinsAA (p.Ala187Lys) variant in his X-chromosome.

      ClinVar: 11423

      gnomAD: NM_022567.2(NYX):c.559_560delinsAA (p.Ala187Lys) was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: This is missense variant does not have experimental evidence of impact on the protein product, but is a recurrent variant observed in this paper in multiple Swedish families (2996, 9069, and 2999) with a shared haplotype.

      CaseAddInfo: Phenotype information is found in PMID: 12397430.

      CasePMIDs: 12397430

    2. 8 missense mutations

      Case#: Pusch_2000_Family_2438B_proband, male, 36 years of age, origin not mentioned (PMID: 12397430)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007642 (Congenital stationary night blindness), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0031624 (Moderate myopia), HP:0007984 (Electronegative electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: ERG with absent oscillatory-potential wavelets

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001098 (Abnormal fundus morphology), HP:0030473 (Abnormal light-adapted flicker electroretinogram)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Linkage analysis and haplotype analysis were performed using RFLP X-chromosomal markers and SSCP.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR amplified exons from NYX

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Linkage analysis and haplotype analysis were performed using RFLP X-chromosomal markers and SSCP. This was followed by Sanger sequencing of PCR products to identify the variant.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_001378477.3(NYX):c.77G>C (p.Cys26Ser) variant in his X-chromosome.

      ClinVar: 99843

      gnomAD: NM_001378477.3(NYX):c.77G>C (p.Cys26Ser) was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: This is missense variant does not have experimental evidence of impact on the protein product, but is a recurrent variant observed in multiple apparently unrelated families (2438B, 5886, and 5884) from this paper.

      CaseAddInfo: Phenotype information is found in PMID: 12397430.

      CasePMIDs: 12397430

    1. The affected 11-year-old female

      Case#: Case report, 11 year old, female, Korean

      CaseHPOs: HP:0007663, HP:0000603, HP:0025010, HP:0000551 (reduced visual acuity, bilateral central scotoma, foveal atrophy, severe color vision deficiency)

      CaseHPOsFreeText: Onset at 4 years old. BCVA in both eyes were 20/40, 20/50, and 20/100 at 4, 10, and 11 years, respectively. Cycloplegic refraction showed –0.5 D spherical error with astigmatism of –3.0 D cylindrical error in the right eye, and –1.0 D spherical error with astigmatism of –3.5 D cylindrical error in the left eye. The fundus examination showed slightly atrophic fovea (Figure 1A). Fundus autofluorescence showed hyperfluorescent fovea in both eyes, which may be an artifact (Figure 1A). SD-OCT showed an ellipsoid zone defect in both macular areas with an intact periphery (Figure 1A). Light-adapted 3 ERG and 30 Hz flicker ERG showed almost extinguished wave, while dark-adapted 0.01 ERG and 3 ERG also showed reduced amplitude (Figure 1B). Diagnosis – Cone Rod dystrophy

      CasePreviousTesting: As part of this study - No pathogenic variants were identified in the other 97 genes associated with retinal degeneration, including 8 genes known to be associated with AR-CRD (ABCA4, ADAM9, C8orf37, CERKL, EYS, PROM1, RPGRIP1, and TULP1).

      CaseMethod1: NGS

      CaseGenotypingMethod: NGS of 98 genes known to be associated with inherited retinal degenerations (including cone-rod dystrophy), with confirmation of the identified variant by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_004249.3:c.68C>T (p.Ser23Phe), homozygous

      ClinVar: N/A

      CAID: CA2860239

      gnomAD: The highest population minor allele frequency in gnomAD v2.1.1 is 0.0004158 in the East Asian population; no homozygotes in any population.

      VariantEvidence: 3D structures of the wild type and mutated RAB28 proteins, predicted using SWISS-MODEL, showed the p.Ser23Phe variant is located in the GTP binding region. Multiple in silico predictors, including SIFT, PolyPhen, CADD, suggest that the variant is damaging.

      CaseAddInfo: Parents are not related. Parents and male sibling had normal vision and fundus findings and all were heterozygous for the RAB28 variant.

    1. In this study, we present a four-generation Chinese family with X-linked CN. All affected individuals exhibited nystagmus but without any typical signs of OA1. Upon genetic analysis, we characterized the underlying molecular defect as a novel 19 base pair (bp) duplication in exon 1 of GPR143, causing a frame-shift in all affected males.

      Case#: Peng_2009_Patient_IV:3, male, age of onset not reported, family origin reported to be from China

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006934 (Congenital nystagmus)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with congenital nystagmus, with family members showing an X-linked pattern of inheritance.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: The affected individuals are described as lacking the typical signs of ocular albinism 1, but details have not been described.

      CasePreviousTesting: Genotyping was initially performed by linkage mapping using markers on the X chromosome.

      CaseMethod1: linkage analysis

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping was initially performed by linkage mapping using markers on the X chromosome, followed by Sanger sequencing of PCR products from each exon of the GPR143 gene. Family members were subsequently genotyped by allele-specific PCR.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000273.3:c.291_309dup (p.Asp104PhefsTer3) variant in the hemizygous state.

      CAID: CA2573320693

      gnomAD: This variant was not found in gnomAD v2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000273.3:c.291_309dup (p.Asp104PhefsTer3) is a frameshift variant in exon 2 of 9, and is predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or to at least truncate the C-terminal 75% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is from a family with at least three other affected males who also harbor the variant.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. out-of-frame

      Case#: Xin_Patient_4, sex not mentioned, age 12 at time of study, U.S. nationality, ethnicity listed as Hispanic

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing for mutations in the CLN1, CLN2, CLN3, CLN6, and CLN8 had already occurred, using PCR amplification and Sanger sequencing to exclude the possibility of variants in the exons and surrounding noncoding regions. Genome-wide analysis methods were not used, as NCL had already been diagnosed based on clinical phenotypes.

      CaseMethod1: PCR amplification of the coding and surrounding non-coding regions of each gene, followed by bidirectional Sanger sequencing

      CaseMethod2: as mentioned

      CaseGenotypingMethod: CLN5 genotyping was performed by PCR amplification of the four exons and surrounding non-coding regions was performed, followed by bi-directional Sanger sequencing. Synthetic multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was then used to calculate average gene dosage ratio for each ratio, in order to detect large deletions.

      Variant: The patient is believed to be homozygous for the NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.936del (p.Phe312LeufsTer4) variant as well as the NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.956A>G (p.Lys319Arg) variant (considered likely benign). The proband is also apparently homozygous for two non-coding variants (an intron 1 variant referred to as "Int1, c.320+8C>T" and a 3'UTR variant referred to as "3'UTR c.1224+33A>G").

      ClinVar: 56528 and 128778 (in cis, homozygous)

      gnomAD: Maximum allele frequency for the NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.936del (p.Phe312LeufsTer4) variant is 0.0001159 (Latino / Admixed American population, no homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/13-77574958-AT-A Maximum allele frequency for NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.956A>G (p.Lys319Arg) is 0.4186 (in the African / African-American population, 2136 homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/13-77574983-A-G

      VariantEvidence: NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.936del (p.Phe312LeufsTer4) is a frameshift variant predicted to disrupt ~13% of the protein product. The C-terminal region disrupted has been shown to be glycosylated and is important for proper localization of the protein (PMID:19309691).

      CaseAddInfo: Parents are not available for genotyping, so homozygosity of variants is assumed. This conclusion was supported by failure to detect a deletion.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. nonsense mutation found in family X08

      Case#: Allen_2003_Familly_X08_Proband, male, age not mentioned, British national origin

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007642 (Congenital stationary night blindness), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0031624 (Moderate myopia), HP:0007984 (Electronegative electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: ERG with absent scotopic oscillatory potential, subnormal ON response

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Normal OFF response

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR-amplified exons from NYX and CACNA1F

      CaseMethod2: Haplotype analysis using microsatellite markers surrounding the NYX locus

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and family members were subjected to Sanger sequencing of NYX to identify the variant, followed by microsatellite-based haplotype analysis of families sharing the same variant.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_022567.2(NYX):c.895C>T (p.Gln299Ter) variant on the X chromosome.

      CAID: CA412991558

      gnomAD: NM_022567.2(NYX):c.895C>T (p.Gln299Ter) was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: NM_022567.2(NYX):c.895C>T (p.Gln299Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 3/3 that is not predicted to trigger NMD but truncates the C-terminal 38% of the protein product. A separate publication (PMID: 14507859) indicates that variants (such as this one) that remove the C-terminal GPI anchor disrupt NYX function by triggering its mislocalization to and accumulation in the ER and Golgi and its absence from its normal destination at the cell surface.

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. c.136C>T (p.Arg46*)

      Case#: Khan_2016_Proband_2, male, age 4 months at time of referral, national origin indicated as Saudi

      CasePresentingHPOs: Abnormal visual fixation HP:0025404, Nystagmus HP:0000639, Infantile onset HP:0003593, Visual impairment HP:0000505, Deeply set eye HP:0000490, Esotropia HP:0000565, High hypermetropia HP:0008499, Undetectable electroretinogram HP:0000550,

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with Leber congenital amaurosis, with poor visual fixation and nystagmus as the presenting features. Staring at lights was a phenotype.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing in the proband consisted of a 44-gene next generation sequencing-based panel for retinal dystrophy showing no other potential cause of retinal features.

      CaseMethod1: next-generation sequencing panel (44 genes)

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of PRPH2

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Previous testing in the proband consisted of a 44-gene next generation sequencing-based panel for retinal dystrophy showing no other potential cause of retinal features. The presence of the variant was confirmed by Sanger sequencing of PRPH2.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.136C>T (p.Arg46Ter) variant in the homozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 13179

      gnomAD: The NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.136C>T (p.Arg46Ter) variant is found in gnomAD v4.0.0 at a frequency of 0.00004005 (3 alleles / 74906 total alleles, with 0 homozygotes) in the African / African-American population https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/6-42722199-G-A?dataset=gnomad_r4

      VariantEvidence: NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.136C>T (p.Arg46Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 1 of 3 that is predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or at least to truncate the C-terminal 87% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is the child of first cousin parents who appeared sub-clinically affected but were not genotyped. A second, similarly affected sibling shares the same genotype.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. c.-114_-97del in a simplex RP patient

      Case#: Chen_2014_Proband_S01, male, age 20 years at onset, age 53 years at time of report, family origin reported as Chinese

      CasePresentingHPOs: Nyctalopia HP:0000662, Constriction of peripheral visual field HP:0001133, Severely reduced visual acuity HP:0001141, Undetectable electroretinogram HP:0000550, Retinal degeneration HP:0000546, Macular degeneration HP:0000608, Optic disc pallor HP:0000543, Attenuation of retinal blood vessels HP:0007843, Pigmentary retinopathy HP:0000580

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa. Patient fibroblasts showed 92.58% decreased expression of PRPF4.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing in the proband included next-generation sequencing targeted to a large number of known variants in all known retinal disease-related genes.

      CaseMethod1: next-generation sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of PRPF4

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping of the proband included next-generation sequencing targeted to a large number of known variants in all known retinal disease-related genes, followed by Sanger sequencing analysis of all coding regions of PRPF4.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_004697.4(PRPF4):c.-114_-97del variant in the heterozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 143058

      gnomAD: The NM_004697.4(PRPF4):c.-114_-97del variant is found in gnomAD v4.1.0 at a frequency of 0.0003297 (13 alleles / 39430 total alleles, with 0 homozygotes) in the East Asian population https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/9-113275629-TTGTCAGTGACGCACTTCC-T?dataset=gnomad_r4

      VariantEvidence: NM_004697.4(PRPF4):c.-114_-97del is a deletion variant within the 5' UTR that disrupts the beginning of the transcribed region. Luciferase assay indicates that the ability of the PRPF4 promoter to activate transcription of the reporter gene was significantly decreased by the variant, which disrupted binding sites for the c-Ets-1 and GR-alpha transcription factors and matched the 93% decrease in PRPF4 expression seen in the patient blood cells (Figure 3).

      CaseAddInfo: The proband has an unaffected son who does not harbor the variant.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. family A

      FamilyInfo: Family A, German, Pedigree in Fig 1

      FamilyHPOs: HP:0007663, HP:0011003, HP:0008001, HP:0030602, HP:0000551, HP:0000603, HP:0000512 (reduced visual acuity, high myopia, foveal hyperpigmentation, hyperfluorescent fovea, color vision defect, central scotoma, abnormal ERG)

      FamilyHPOFreeText: All 3 affected family members were diagnosed with CRD in the second decade of life. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) displayed altered photoreceptors in the fovea, whereas the peripheral photoreceptors are intact (Figure 2C, and 2A, 2B). On ERG photopic responses were nondetectable and scotopic responses reduced in all three siblings.

      FamilyMethod1: Homozygosity mapping

      FamilyMethod2: WES

      FamilyGenotypingMethod: Homozygosity mapping, using Affymetrix GeneChip Human Mapping 250K SNP arrays, in 3 affected siblings revealed a shared homozygous region of 4.68 Mb on chromosome 4 containing 15 genes. Subsequently, exome sequencing was performed in 2 of the affected sibling, A-II:1 and A-II:2. No pathogenic variants in the genes known to be mutated in arCRD (ABCA4, ADAM9, C8orf37, CERKL, EYS, RPGRIP1, and TULP1) were observed among the shared variants. RAB28 variant confirmed by Sanger sequencing.

      Variant: NM_001017979.2:c.565C>T (p.Glu189Ter), homozygous, (all 3 affected individuals are homozygous, parents not tested)

      ClinVar: 60754

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD.

      Proband: A-II:1, 14 years at diagnosis, 28 years at last visit, German

      CaseHPOsFreeText: Refractive error OD -16D SE, OS -15.5D SE; visual acuity OD 20/320 OS 20/200; hyperpigmented foveal region; autofluorescence showed hyperfluorescent area at foveal region; OCT showed irregular inner and outer segments in fovea, thinning of other retinal layers of fovea; color vision using D-15 Panel showed tritan and defects in scotopic lines; visual field showed concentric reduction to 15–20 degrees (III/4); ERG at age 16 revealed nondetectable cone function and reduced rod responses.

    1. All nine exons of the OA1 gene, as well as the 5' and 3' untranslated regions, were scanned for point mutations in PCR-amplified DNA from 60 OA1 patients. The mutations identified include: two frameshifts

      Case#: Schiaffino_1995_Family_2948_Patient_BA442, male, age not reported, family origin reported as British in two previous publications

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with ocular albinism 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The patient's family was included in two previous linkage mapping studies (PMID: 1355560, PMID: 8301646).

      CaseMethod1: Linkage mapping

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The patient's family was included in two previous linkage mapping studies (PMID: 1355560, PMID: 8301646), and the proband was genotyped in this study by Sanger sequencing of PCR products from the 9 exons of GPR143.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000273.3(GPR143):c.216_232del (p.Ala73fs) variant in the hemizygous state.

      ClinVar: 98619

      gnomAD: This variant was not found in gnomAD v2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000273.3(GPR143):c.216_232del (p.Ala73fs) is a frameshift variant in exon 1 of 9, and is predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or to at least truncate the C-terminal 82% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The variant observed in this proband has been previously reported in two other studies (PMID: 1355560, PMID: 8301646).

      CasePMIDs: PMID: 1355560, PMID: 8301646

    1. A posterior subcapsular cataract could be observed in patient II-1 of family A (age 53)

      Case#: Collin_2008_Family_A_Patient_II-1, male, 61 years of age at time of study, 12 years of age at onset, family ethnicity likely to be of Dutch origin based on the description of the majority of the cohort as Dutch

      CasePresentingHPOs: Nyctalopia HP:0000662, Bone spicule pigmentation of the retina HP:0007737, Attenuation of retinal blood vessels HP:0007843, Constriction of peripheral visual field HP:0001133, Undetectable electroretinogram HP:0000550, Posterior subcapsular cataract HP:0007787, Optic disc pallor HP:0000543, Peripheral retinal atrophy HP:0200070, Reduced visual acuity HP:0007663

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient has been diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa and has been described as displaying abnormalities characteristic of this diagnosis. Night blindness was the initial symptom.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Because of the autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance in the patient's family, he and his family members were subjected to homozygosity mapping, identifying a homozygous region on chromosome 6 shared by affected members.

      CaseMethod1: Homozygosity mapping within the family

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of 44 PCR-amplified exons from the EYS locus

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband was genotyped by homozygosity mapping of family members, followed by Sanger sequencing of 44 PCR-amplified exons from the EYS locus.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_001142800.2(EYS):c.9405T>A (p.Tyr3135Ter) variant in the homozygous state.

      ClinVar: 538

      gnomAD: NM_001142800.2(EYS):c.9405T>A (p.Tyr3135Ter) is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.00004991 (1/20038) in the Latino / Admixed American population https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/6-64430522-A-T

      VariantEvidence: NM_001142800.2(EYS):c.9405T>A (p.Tyr3135Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 44 of 44 that is not predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay but rather to disrupt the C-terminal 1% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is a member of Family A and has a similarly affected sister sharing the same genotype, as well as four unaffected siblings who are either heterozygous carriers or non-carriers of the variant.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. NAP1

      Case#: Bandah-Rozenfeld_2010_NAP1_proband, female, age 30 years at time of diagnosis, in the 6th decade of life at the time of report, national origin reported as Italian

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007401 (Macular atrophy), HP:0032122 (Very low visual acuity), HP:0000577 (Exotropia), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus), HP:0007787 (Posterior subcapsular cataract), HP:0000550 (Undetectable electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient has been diagnosed with advanced retinitis pigmentosa.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous genotyping consisted of autozygosity mapping.

      CaseMethod1: Homozygosity mapping

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of the 19 exons of the IMPG2 gene

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping consisted of autozygosity mapping followed by Sanger sequencing of the 19 exons of the IMPG2 gene.

      Variant: The patient harbors the NM_016247.4(IMPG2):c.2890C>T (p.Arg964Ter) variant in the homozygous state.

      ClinVar: 3549

      gnomAD: The NM_016247.4(IMPG2):c.2890C>T (p.Arg964Ter) variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a maximum allele frequency of 0.00006152 (1/16256, with 0 homozygotes) in the African / African-American population. https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-100961664-G-A

      VariantEvidence: NM_016247.4(IMPG2):c.2890C>T (p.Arg964Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 14 of 19 that is predicted to lead to nonsense mediated decay or at least to C-terminal truncation of 22% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The family is consanguineous, with the parents being second cousins.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. family 10, JU1426

      Case#: JU1426 (Family 10, II:3), Japanese male, 59 years (report)

      CaseHPOsFreeText: Best-corrected visual acuity of zero in both eyes; fundus exam - inconspicuous, partial white dots at peripheral retina, and macular degeneration in both eyes; reduced fundus autofluorescence, and irregular autofluorescence around fovea in both eyes; Optical coherence tomography - diffuse disruption of ellipsoid zone and interdigitation zone with foveal sparing in both eyes; 30 min dark adapted ERG showed extinguished b-waves, and with dark adaptation of 2-3 hours there was partial recovery of b-waves.

      CaseGenotypingMethod: WES

      Variant: NM_002905.4:c.259C>T (p.Gln87Ter) homozygous

      ClinVar: N/A

      CAID: CA385200238

      gnomAD: Not in gnomAD

      CaseAddInfo: Estimated age (based on years of follow up)

      Score: 2 points. This individual, with a diagnosis of fundus albipunctatus is homozygous for a nonsense variant in RDH5. This variant is absent in gnomAD.

    1. The RPGR gene nonsense mutation G-->T at open reading frame (ORF)15+1164 cosegregated with the disease and may create a donor splice site. Identification of an RPGR mutation in atrophic maculardegeneration expands the phenotypic range associated with this gene

      Case#: Ayyagari_2002_Family_UM:F1088_Patient_III-16, male, 48 years old, ethnicity not descibed

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007401 (Macular atrophy), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0000529 (Progressive visual loss), HP:0007722 (Retinal pigment epithelial atrophy), HP:0003596 (Middle age onset), HP:0031624 (Moderate myopia), HP:0000603 (Central scotoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Onset of symptoms was approximately at age 43. The proband has been diagnosed with atrophic macular degeneration, with the family exhibiting X-linked pattern of inheritance.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000580 (Pigmentary retinopathy), HP:0030491 (Choriocapillaris atrophy), HP:0008046 (Abnormal retinal vascular morphology), HP:0000512 (Abnormal electroretinogram)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband and family members were subjected to linkage analysis using microsatellite markers along the length of the X chromosome (LOD score of 4.17 associated with marker DXS1058.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of the PCR-amplified exons from the NYX locus

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of the PCR-amplified exons from the RPGR locus

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and his family members were subjected to linkage analysis using microsatellite markers along the length of the X chromosome, followed by Sanger sequencing of the PCR-amplified exons from the NYX and RPGR loci.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.2917G>T (p.Glu973Ter) variant in the hemizygous state.

      ClinVar: 866129

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD v.2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.2917G>T (p.Glu973Ter) is a nonsense variant in the final exon (exon 15) that is not predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay but truncates ~16% of the C-terminus of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is a member of Family UM:F1088, shown in Figure 1 from this study. Ten other genotype-positive affected males are present in his extended family, as well as carrier females affected with mild perimacular RPE depigmentation and tapetal reflex.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. affected member

      Case#: Kelsell_1998_CORD6_Family_Proband, male, age 48 at time of report, nationality listed as British

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000548 (Cone/cone-rod dystrophy), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0007994 (Peripheral visual field loss), HP:0000613 (Photophobia), HP:0011504 (Bull's eye maculopathy), HP:0030465 (Undetectable light-adapted electroretinogram), HP:0030469 (Abnormal dark-adapted electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The text asserts that In all members of the proband's family, central vision was lost before age 7, while peripheral field vision was lost by the fourth decade of life. Cone ERG was undetectable early on in the disease, while rod ERG abnormalities later developed progressively.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: In a previous publication (PMID: 9097965), the family was subjected to (genome-wide) linkage analysis mapping the affected phenotype to chromosome 17p12-p13. The LOD score associated with marker locus D17S1844 was 5.93 (with no recombination).

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from each of the 18 exons of the GUCY2D locus

      CaseMethod2: HhaI restriction digest of the PCR-amplified exon 13

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and his family members were subjected to sequencing of PCR products from each of the 18 exons of the GUCY2D locus. The PCR-amplified product from exon 13 was then subjected to HhaI restriction digest and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000180.3(GUCY2D):c.[2511G>C;2512C>A] variant in the heterozygous state.

      ClinVar: 453243

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000180.3(GUCY2D):c.[2511G>C;2512C>A] is a missense variant that causes two adjacent substitutions at the protein level (p.Glu837Asp;Arg838Ser), located within the coiled-coil domain that mediates dimerization. Codon 838 has proven to be a hot spot disrupted in other families similarly affected with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (PMID: 11115851, PMID: 12552567, PMID: 26298565). The p.Arg838Ser substitution has also been shown to disrupt the calcium-dependent regulation of GUCY2D by GUCA1A (PMID: 15504042), decrease sensitivity to inhibition by RD3 (PMID: 27703005), and trigger blindness in a transgenic mouse model (PMID: 27703005).

      CaseAddInfo: The family's variant was not comprehensively genotyped in this publication but was later identified in PMID: 10647719.

      CasePMIDs: PMID: 9097965, PMID: 10647719, PMID: 11565546

    1. variants

      Case#: Family_11864_Proband_II-2, onset before age 7 years, male, seen at a medical center in Guangzhou

      CasePresentingHPOs: High myopia HP:0011003, Blurred vision HP:0000622, Childhood onset HP:0011463, Protanopia HP:0011522

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband is part of a cohort in which all patients had a diagnosis of early onset high myopia, with onset in early childhood and either high myopia or axial length >25 mm before age 7, or refractive errors <-10 as an adult.

      CaseNotHPOs: Nystagmus HP:0000639, Photophobia HP:0000613, Nyctalopia HP:0000662

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Genotyping of the proband was performed by either targeted exome sequencing or whole exome sequencing.

      CaseMethod1: targeted exome or whole exome sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of OPN1LW

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping of the proband was performed by either targeted exome sequencing or whole exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing of OPN1LW.

      Variant: The individual harbors the NM_020061.6(OPN1LW):c.427_433dup (p.Ala145ValfsTer23) variant in the hemizygous state.

      CAID: CA2695237718

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD version 4.1.0.

      VariantEvidence: NM_020061.6(OPN1LW):c.427_433dup (p.Ala145ValfsTer23) is a nonsense variant in exon 3 of 6 that is predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband was seen at a medical center in Guangzhou. The variant was inherited from the proband's unaffected mother.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. one from Denmark and Sweden (family D)

      Case#: Delvallée_2021_Proband_D.II-2, female, age not described, family origin reported as from Denmark and Sweden, ancestry reported as European

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000556 (Retinal dystrophy), HP:0001162 (Postaxial hand polydactyly), HP:0030084 (Clinodactyly), HP:0001513 (Obesity), HP:0000119 (Abnormality of the genitourinary system)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband additionally exhibits slow ideation.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband was subjected to targeted exome sequencing to detect variants in BBS-related loci.

      CaseMethod1: targeted exome sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of BBS1

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband was subjected to targeted exome sequencing to detect variants in BBS-related loci, followed by Sanger sequencing of BBS1 to identify the variant and perform segregation analysis within the family.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg) and NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1214_1215insSVA variants in the compound heterozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 12143, 981241

      gnomAD: The NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg) variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.002773 in the European (non-Finnish) population, with 358 alleles / 129114 total alleles (0 homozygotes) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-66293652-T-G?dataset=gnomad_r2_1 The NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1214_1215insSVA was not found in gnomAD v2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1169T>G (p.Met390Arg) is a missense variant with mouse knock-in evidence of a similar disease-causing effect in the homozygous state (PMID: 18032602). This has not been taken into account in scoring, as the mouse model has been scored separately. However, it has provided a rationale not to down-score for the relatively high gnomAD frequency of this variant. NM_024649.5(BBS1):c.1214_1215insSVA is an indel in exon 13 of 17 that is reported to shift the reading frame and trigger nonsense-mediated decay. Figure 3 confirms the likely occurrences of NMD by indicating that the compound heterozygous probands have approximately 50% of wild-type levels of both BBS1 mRNA and protein.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's family indicates segregation of the two variants from the two heterozygous unaffected carrier parents.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. In a sibling pair from a consanguineous marriage (family B) and in a sibling pair from a nonconsanguineous family (family A), we identified large homozygous regions on chromosome 10 (11 Mb and 26 Mb, respectively) (Figure 1A). The common 26 Mb homozygous region in the sibs from family A was the largest homozygous region (SNP boundaries SNP_A-2260521 and SNP_A-1892358); the second, third, and fourth largest regions measured 8, 4.3, and 4.2 Mb. The overlapping 11 Mb homozygous region in the affected sibs of family B was the second largest homozygous region (SNP boundaries SNP_A-2003359 and SNP_A-1804692). The largest region in this family spanned 25 Mb; the third and fourth largest regions measured 10 and 6 Mb. The overlapping homozygous region in both families spanned the PDE6C gene but no other obvious candidate genes (Figure 1A; see also Table S1 available online). These regions were not found in other patients.

      Case#: Thiadens_2009_Family_A_Proband_AII-2, male, age 6 years at onset and 51 years at the time of report, sites of treatment listed as the Netherlands, Belgium, U.K., or Canada

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030534 (Abnormal best corrected visual acuity test), HP:0000613 (Photophobia), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus), HP:0011003 (High myopia), HP:0000551 (Color vision defect, described as severe), HP:0030825 (Absent foveal reflex), HP:0007703 (Abnormality of retinal pigmentation, described as mild), HP:0030465 (Undetectable light-adapted electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband and affected family member were previously diagnosed with early onset autosomal recessive cone dystrophy. The proband had onset by age 6 years.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0007769 (Peripheral retinal degeneration)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Affected and unaffected family members were initially subjected to homozygosity mapping based on Affymetrix GeneChIP SNP analysis, identifying an 11-Mb region of homozygosity shared with another unrelated family.

      CaseMethod1: homozygosity mapping

      CaseMethod2: screening of the 22 exons and flanking regions of PDE6C (the only strong candidate gene) using Sanger sequencing

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Affected and unaffected family members were initially subjected to homozygosity mapping based on Affymetrix GeneChIP SNP analysis, identifying an 11-Mb region of homozygosity shared with another unrelated family. The clear candidate gene, PDE6C, was then subjected to Sanger sequencing-based screening of the 22 exons and flanking regions.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.85C>T (p.Arg29Trp) variant in the homozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 8763

      gnomAD: The NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.85C>T (p.Arg29Trp) variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.00008009 (2/24972) in the African / African-American population, with 0 homozygotes https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/10-95372567-C-T

      VariantEvidence: NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.85C>T (p.Arg29Trp) is a missense variant that does not have experimental evidence of a functional effect on the protein product. However, it has been reported in similarly affected individuals in other studies (PMID: 21127010, PMID: 30080950).

      CaseAddInfo: The patient's affected sibling shares the same homozygous genotype, while the parents are unaffected and unrelated at least during the last 3 generations.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. hot spots

      Case#: Weigell-Weber_2000_adCRD_Family_Proband, age and gender not specified, nationality listed as Swiss

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000548 (Cone/cone-rod dystrophy), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0000512 (Abnormal electroretinogram), HP:0000529 (Progressive visual loss), HP:0001123 (Visual field defect), HP:0000613 (Photophobia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband and family members were subjected to linkage analysis excluding linkage to candidate loci at chr19q13, chr6q13-q15, and chr6p21, and confirming linkage to chr17p (using the microsatellite

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from each of the GUCY2D locus

      CaseMethod2: HhaI restriction digest of the PCR-amplified exon 13

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and his family members were subjected to sequencing of PCR products from each of the 18 exons of the GUCY2D locus. The PCR-amplified product from exon 13 was then subjected to HhaI restriction digest and resolved by agarose gel electrophoresis.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2513G>A (p.Arg838His) variant in the heterozygous state.

      ClinVar: 9357

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2513G>A (p.Arg838His) is a missense variant located within the coiled-coil domain that mediates dimerization. Codon 838 has proven to be a hot spot disrupted in other families similarly affected with autosomal dominant cone-rod dystrophy (PMID: 11115851, PMID: 12552567, PMID: 26298565). The p.Arg838His substitution has been shown to disrupt the calcium sensitivity of GUCY2D and to trigger the inability to inactivate cyclase activity at high physiological calcium ion concentrations (PMID: 11115851).

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. One such family of Middle-Eastern origin (family A), including two affected family members, aged 34 (subject A-2; V-3 in Figure 1A) and 32 (subject A-3; V-4 in Figure 1A), is the basis of this report. The study was approved by the local research ethics committee, and all investigations were conducted in accordance with the principles of the Declaration of Helsinki; informed consent was obtained from all participating individuals. Both affected siblings in family A were noticed to have nystagmus and were diagnosed with LCA shortly after birth. Poor night vision and difficulty reading print from an early age was reported for both patients A-2 and A-3; gradual progression of visual problems affecting central and peripheral vision was also noted. Both had bilateral cataract surgery in their 20s. No other family history of retinal disease was reported. Visual acuities were 2.0 logMAR (logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution) in each eye of patient A-2 and 1.78 logMAR for the right and 1.48 for the left eye of patient A-3. Fundoscopy revealed significant pigment at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and in a configuration unlike that of typical RP (A-2 and A-3, Figure 2A).

      Case#: Sergouniotis_2011_Proband_A-2, female, age 34 years, family ethnic origin described as Middle Eastern

      CasePresentingHPOs: Congenital nystagmus HP:0006934, Presenile cataracts HP:0007819, Reduced visual acuity HP:0007663, Nyctalopia HP:0000662, Constriction of peripheral visual field HP:00011

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband received a diagnosis of Leber congenital amaurosis shortly after birth. Fundoscopy results were described as "significant pigment at the level of the retinal pigment epithelium and in a configuration unlike that of typical RP".

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband was initially genotyped by a combination of homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing.

      CaseMethod1: homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of the proband and family members to confirm the presence of the variant and to test segregation

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband was initially genotyped by a combination of homozygosity mapping and exome sequencing. Sanger sequencing of the proband and family members was then performed to confirm the presence of the variant and to test segregation.

      Variant: The individual is homozygous for the NM_002242.4(KCNJ13):c.496C>T (p.Arg166Ter) variant.

      ClinVar: 30331

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD version 4.1.0.

      VariantEvidence: NM_002242.4(KCNJ13):c.496C>T (p.Arg166Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 3 of 3 that is not predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay but rather to truncate the C-terminal 54% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's family history includes consanguinity and a sibling similarly diagnosed with LCA.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. However, during this study, we had the opportunity to identify IFT140 mutations in a child affected with Jeune syndrome (FVII1, Table S1). The child was compound heterozygous for a splice-site mutation and the c.634G>A (p.Gly212Arg) change identified in Family V. These data suggest that mutations in IFT140 may be a rare cause of Jeune syndrome and that there is no clear correlation between the IFT140 genotype and the severity of the disease.

      Case#: Perrault_2012_Patient_FVII1, male, 18 months of age at time of study, ethnicity not specified

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001252 (Hypotonia), HP:0011968 (Feeding difficulties), HP:0003577 (Congenital onset), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus), HP:0010306 (Short thorax), HP:0000773 (Short ribs), HP:0010230 (Cone-shaped epiphyses of the phalanges of the hand), HP:0000093 (Proteinuria), HP:0001970 (Tubulointerstitial nephritis), HP:0004719 (Hyperechogenic kidneys)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This proband was diagnosed with Jeune syndrome, unlike the other probands in this study who were diagnosed with Mainzer-Saldino syndrome. Limbs are described as trident. Elevated urea listed as a kidney-related phenotype.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0025404 (Abnormal visual fixation), HP:0004322 (Short stature), HP:0000929 (Abnormal skull morphology)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      CaseMethod1: Ciliome resequencing of a customized target enrichment library (consisting of 1,666 genes)

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of the 29 coding exons of IFT140

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The patient was genotyped by ciliome resequencing of a customized target enrichment library (consisting of 1,666 genes), confirmed by Sanger sequencing of the 29 coding exons of IFT140

      Variant: The patient is a compound heterozygote harboring the NM_014714.4(IFT140):c.634G>A (p.Gly212Arg) and NM_014714.4(IFT140):c.2399+1G>T variants in IFT140.

      ClinVar: 31683, 31680

      gnomAD: The NM_014714.4(IFT140):c.634G>A (p.Gly212Arg) variant is present in gnomAD at a frequency of 0.00009295 in the European (non-Finnish) population (12/129100, with no homozygotes) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/16-1642177-C-T The NM_014714.4(IFT140):c.2399+1G>T variant is present in gnomAD at a frequency of 0.0001231 in the European (non-Finnish) population (14/113764, with no homozygotes) https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/16-1607935-C-A

      VariantEvidence: Exogenous expression of the FLAG-tagged p.Gly212Arg variant in the RPE1 (retinal pigment epithelial) cell line revealed an inability to co-localize with gamma-tubulin, indicating a defect in localization to the basal body in most cells that is less severe than one of the other suspected pathogenic missense variants (Figure 3A). The NM_014714.4(IFT140):c.2399+1G>T variant disrupts a canonical splice donor site and is predicted but not confirmed to trigger skipping of exon 18/31.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's parents are reportedly non-consanguineous.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. Analysis of data from WES on other probands with early-onset high myopia detected the two variants (c.532A > G and c.538T > G) in OPN1LW in one proband from a large family (HM346) and a frameshift mutation (c.617_620dup, p.Phe208Argfs*51) in OPN1LW in one proband from a small family (HM429). The long-range and second PCR also confirmed that the two variants in HM346 were present in the first OPN1LW gene and formed the unique haplotype (LVAVA) with other adjacent polymorphisms (Fig. 1A). The unique haplotype cosegregated with high myopia in the large family with a maximum logarithm of the odds (LOD) score of 2.31 at theta = 0 (Fig. 1C; Supplementary Table S2). Sanger sequencing confirmed the frameshift mutation in HM429 (Fig. 2). Segregation analysis was not available from the proband with the frameshift mutation.

      Case#: Li_2015_Proband_HM429III3, onset before age 7 years, male, seen at a medical center in Guangzhou

      CasePresentingHPOs: Abnormal optic disc morphology HP:0012795, Abnormal morphology of the choroidal vasculature HP:0025568, Abnormal light-adapted electroretinogram HP:0008275, Protanopia HP:0011522

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has a diagnosis of early onset high myopia, yet also shows protanopia. He exhibits myopic fundus changes, with temporal crescent of optic nerve head and tigroid appearance of posterior retina. Rod ERG responses are normal, while cone responses are mildly to moderately reduced.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Genotyping of the proband was performed by whole exome sequencing.

      CaseMethod1: whole exome sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of OPN1LW

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping of the proband was performed by whole exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing of OPN1LW.

      Variant: The individual harbors the NM_020061.6(OPN1LW):c.617_620dup (p.Phe208ArgfsTer51) variant in the hemizygous state.

      CAID: CA2739290587

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD version 4.1.0.

      VariantEvidence: NM_020061.6(OPN1LW):c.617_620dup (p.Phe208ArgfsTer51) is a nonsense variant in exon 4 of 6 that is predicted to undergo nonsense-mediated decay.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband was seen at a medical center in Guangzhou. 4 other male family members are similarly affected but ungenotyped.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. Finnish

      Case#: Holmberg_Patient_1, male, age 3 at onset and age 15 at time of study, Finnish origin

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003208 (Fingerprint intracellular accumulation of autofluorescent lipopigment storage material), HP:0011463 (Childhood onset), HP:0001268 (Mental deterioration), HP:0000572 (Visual loss), HP:0001251 (Ataxia), HP:0002540 (Inability to walk), HP:0001250 (Seizure), HP:0000550 (Undetectable electroretinogram), HP:0012018 (EEG with temporal focal spikes), HP:0100952 (Enlarged sylvian cistern), HP:0006855 (Cerebellar vermis atrophy), HP:0002198 (Dilated fourth ventricle), HP:0033725 (Thin corpus callosum), HP:0030891 (Periventricular white matter hyperdensities), HP:0012690 (T2 hypointense thalamus), HP:0001312 (Giant somatosensory evoked potentials)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Age of onset was 3, while mental decline was present at age 3 and both visual deterioration and abolished ERG at age 6. The patient had progressive cerebral atrophy starting between the ages of 6 and 7. Ataxia and seizures were found at age 8. Loss of independent walking occurred at age 9. Posterior EEG spikes in response to low-frequency photic stimuli were observed. T2-weighted images showed increased signal intensity of the periventricular white matter and posterior limb of the capsula interna. The thalamus had abnormally low signal intensity compared to the putamen, caudate nuclei, and white matter. Giant flash visual evoked potentials were found at age 10.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Other than clinical phenotype characterization, it is not clear what genotype tests preceded CLN5 sequencing.

      CaseMethod1: N/A

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Each exon of CLN5 was PCR-amplified and Sanger sequenced in both directions.

      Variant: The patient is homozygous for the NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.1028_1029del (p.Thr342_Tyr343insTer) variant.

      ClinVar: 2564 (homozygous)

      gnomAD: The maximum allele frequency of the NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.1028_1029del (p.Thr342_Tyr343insTer) variant is 0.0008137 (within the European Finnish population, with no homozygous occurrences). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/13-77575052-CAT-C

      VariantEvidence: NM_006493.4(CLN5):c.1028_1029del (p.Thr342_Tyr343insTer) is a recurring frameshift variant that is predicted to disrupt approximately 5% of CLN5 at the C-terminus and has been shown to disturb its localization to the lysosome (PMID:20052765).

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. The youngest (III:4) had unilateral vision loss, with his left eye showing no signs of CNV and maintaining good visual acuity.

      Case: Saihan_2009_Family_patient_III:4, male, British (of Welsh origin), 47 years old at presentation

      DiseaseAssertion: Sorsby's fundus dystrophy

      FamilyInfo: The mother of the proband and affected siblings was unaffected and negative for the variant, while the father was affected but not genotyped.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000529 (Progressive visual loss), HP:0000572 (Visual loss), HP:0011510 (Drusen), HP:0031239 (Extrafoveal choroidal neovascularization), HP:0031528 (Subretinal deposits),

      CaseHPOFreeText: First presenting phenotypes were reduction of night vision and slow dark adaptation (with onset in fifth decade, 1 year prior to vision loss). Nyctalopia was progressive, with onset in the fifth decade of life (age 47). Vision loss in one eye occurred suddenly at age 48, but had not occurred in the other eye by age 51. Occasional drusen-like deposits were present at the posterior pole. Choroidal neovascularization was hemorrhagic and initiated loss of central vision. A large tear was observed in the retinal pigment epithelium. RPE-choroid complex showed increased reflectivity in both eyes. Left eye had signs of retinal atrophy.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0004328 (Abnormal anterior eye segment morphology), HP:0000518 (Cataract)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No history of renal disease or systemic disease was consistently observed among the affected family members. Left eye was largely unaffected at the time of evaluation.

      CasePreviousTesting: Family history (indicating autosomal dominant inheritance of retinal degeneration) and ophthalmic exams (including LogMAR visual acuities, slit-lamp biomicroscopy, color fundus photography, optical coherence tomography scans of the fovea, and autofluorescent imaging of the fundus).

      GenotypingMethod: Mutational screening of TIMP3 by bidirectional Sanger sequencing

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: The Variant used was NM_000362.5(TIMP3):c.484G>A (p.Glu162Lys) (CAID:CA411540222). The variant is referred to in this publication as "Glu139Lys" (due to the removal of a 23-amino acid N-terminal signal peptide from the polypeptide sequence) but encodes Glu162Lys in the full/updated polypeptide sequence.

      CAID: CA411540222

      gnomAD: Variant is absent from gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: When the missense variant was exogenously expressed in a retinal epithelial cell line, reverse zymographs of the extracellular matrix revealed the presence of both monomeric and dimeric species for the variant but only the monomeric species for the wild-type. This indicated that the free cysteine present in the variant did not compromise metalloproteinase inhibitory activity, but likely facilitated an intramolecular disfulfide bonding interaction with another TIMP3 molecule. This gain-of-function interpretation of the variant effect would be consistent with the autosomal dominant mechanism of inheritance.

    1. patients II2

      Case: Langton_2000_Family_1_patient_II2, female, country of origin northeast England (PMID:11734514), onset at 25 years of age

      DiseaseAssertion: Sorsby's fundus dystrophy

      FamilyInfo: Variant inherited by the proband rather than acquired de novo, although parents were not genotyped.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0032284 (Ultra-low vision with retained motion projection), HP:0000533 (Chorioretinal atrophy), HP:0007843 (Attenuation of retinal blood vessels), HP:0007703 (Abnormality of retinal pigmentation)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Presentation at age 25 was with nyctalopia and loss of central vision. At age of 72, remaining visual acuity was limited to retained motion projection, and chorioretinal atrophy was complete in each macula. Pigmentation was observed in the retinal periphery.

      CaseNOTHPOs: N/A

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: Rheumatological exam and renal function were both normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: Phenotypic characterization only

      GenotypingMethod: PCR of TIMP3 exon 5 followed by Sanger sequencing of the PCR product

      PreviouslyPublished: PMID:11734514

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: The NM_000362.5(TIMP3):c.484G>T, p.Glu139X variant converts the GAG codon to a TAG, resulting in early termination of the transcript. This nonsense substitution affects the final exon 5, so that truncation of the protein product is predicted but not nonsense-mediated decay of the transcript.

      ClinVar: 12680

      gnomAD: Variant is absent from gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: This nonsense variant may result in an unpaired Cys residue (with the potential to mediate dimerization). However, unlike some other variants (missense), this nonsense variant forms dimers that are difficult to distinguish from full-length TIMP3 when exogenously expressed in COS-7 cells (Figure 5). Reverse zymography also indicates retained activity as a metalloproteinase inhibitor. The molecular weight is consistent with the prediction that the premature stop codon removes the C-terminal site for N-glycosylation. This lower molecular weight (unglycosylated) species is unique to the variant and is not seen in the wild-type condition (Fig. 5).

    1. Leber's congenital amaurosis

      Case#: Marlhens_1997_Patient_III-2, female, age 20 years at time of report, unspecified ethnicity

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030506 (Yellow/white lesions of the retina), HP:0000580 (Pigmentary retinopathy), HP:0007843 (Attenuation of retinal blood vessels), HP:0000543 (Optic disc pallor), HP:0001141 (Severely reduced visual acuity)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Pigmentary deposits, Attenuation of retinal blood vessels, and Optic disc pallor were all mild/moderate.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: All RPE65 coding exons and flanking sequences were PCR-amplified and subjected to single-strand conformation analysis. Exon 10 was identified as a likely candidate to harbor a variant.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of all 14 exons of RPE65

      CaseMethod2: Screening of PCR products using SSCA for the maternal variant and AlwNI restriction digest for the paternal variant

      CaseGenotypingMethod: All 14 exons of RPE65 were PCR-amplified and subjected to Sanger sequencing. Screening of PCR products was also performed using SSCA for the maternal variant and AlwNI restriction digest for the paternal variant.

      Variant: Affected individuals are compound heterozygous for the NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.1067del (p.Asn356fs) (maternal) and NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.700C>T (p.Arg234Ter) (paternal) variants.

      ClinVar: 98821, 13114

      gnomAD: The maximum allele frequency for the NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.1067del (p.Asn356fs) variant is 0.00005458 (within the East Asian population, with no homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-68903930-AT-A The maximum allele frequency for the NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.700C>T (p.Arg234Ter) variant is 0.00008676 (within the Latino / Admixed American population, with no homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-68905269-G-A

      VariantEvidence: The maternal frameshift variant occurs in exon 10 of 14 and is predicted to either trigger NMD or disrupt 33% of the protein product. The paternal nonsense variant occurs in exon 7 of 14 and is predicted to either trigger NMD or truncate 56% of the protein product. Both are likely to be null variants.

      CaseAddInfo: The two variants were confirmed to be in trans, and heterozygous carriers were found to be unaffected. Potential parental consanguinity was not mentioned.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. Pro363Thr

      Case#: Gu_1997_Family_PMK30_Patient_V-5, male, unknown age, Indian ethnicity

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0410280 (Pediatric onset), HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000505 (Visual impairment), HP:0008047 (Abnormality of the vasculature of the eye), HP:0000648 (Optic atrophy), HP:0007737 (Bone spicule pigmentation of the retina)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing consisted of linkage analysis using microsatellite repeat markers.

      CaseMethod1: PCR products were screened by single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis.

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of all RPE65 exons

      CaseGenotypingMethod: After discovery of a band shift for exon 10, the patient sample was subjected to PCR and Sanger sequencing of all RPE65 exons.

      Variant: Affected individuals are homozygous for the NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.1087C>A (p.Pro363Thr) variant.

      ClinVar: 13117 (homozygous)

      gnomAD: The maximum allele frequency for the NM_000329.3(RPE65):c.1087C>A (p.Pro363Thr) variant is 0.0001307 (within the South Asian population, with no homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-68903911-G-T

      VariantEvidence: A different publication (PMID: 16828753) later used QBI-293A cells to establish that this variant decreases the stability of the RPE65 protein, shifts its localization from predominantly in the membrane fraction to predominantly in the cytosolic fraction, and abolishes its isomerohydrolase activity.

      CaseAddInfo: The family pedigree shows consanguinity in the parents of all affected individuals.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. More recent genetic testing of the patients identified a novel c.410A>G; p.Tyr137Cys variant of uncertain clinical significance in the Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-3 (TIMP3) gene.

      Case#: DiBenedetto_Patient_1, male, age 74 at time of evaluation, Dutch ancestry on maternal (affected) side and North Irish / English on paternal (unaffected) side

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000575 (Scotoma), HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000518 (Cataract), HP:0000964 (Eczema), HP:0000822 (Hypertension), HP:0001342 (Cerebral hemorrhage), HP:0001397 (Hepatic steatosis), HP:0009726 (Renal neoplasm), HP:0007663 (Reduced visual acuity), HP:0011510 (Drusen), HP:0007703 (Abnormality of retinal pigmentation), HP:0007737 (Bone spicule pigmentation of the retina), HP:0007894 (Hypopigmentation of the fundus)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Onset in 5th decade of life, anterior chamber intraocular lenses in both eyes (shown by slit lamp examination), bilateral cataract surgery at age 60, stroke at age 71, renal tumor at age 74, visual acuity limited to hand motion at age 74, initial diagnosis not with SFD but with retinitis pigmentosa.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0012632 (Abnormal intraocular pressure), HP:0025574 (Macular hemorrhage), HP:0030496 (Macular exudate),

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Features of syndromic retinal dystrophy

      CasePreviousTesting: Limited (non genome-wide) genetic testing confirming absence of pathogenic variants in 13 different genes; RHO, PRPH2/RDS, RP1, IMPDH1, PRPF31, PRPF, PRPF8, NR2E3, SNRNP200, TOPORS, KLHL7, RPGR, and RP2.

      CaseMethod1: Limited genetic testing for 13 candidate genes

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: next-generation sequencing analysis of an 856-gene retinal dystrophy panel

      Variant: NM_000362.5(TIMP3):c.410A>G (p.Tyr137Cys)

      CAID: CA411539826

      gnomAD: The variant is not found in gnomAD.

      VariantEvidence: The variant is a missense substitution at a conserved amino acid. A homology model (based on an available TIMP2 crystal structure) indicates that the variant is a more hydrophobic substitution at a surface-exposed site. This may disrupt protein-protein interactions, particularly with EFEMP1, which is known to interact with the region.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband has a number of family members diagnosed with retinitis pigmentosa (son, sister, brother, mother, maternal grandmother, and maternal great-uncle ). The pattern was consistent with autosomal dominant inheritance. His sister underwent treatment for choroidal neovascularization at age 73.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. A diagnosis was made in patient 22018

      Case#: Yzer_2006_Patient_22018, male, age 2 months at diagnosis, Dutch or Belgian family origin

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0003593 (Infantile onset), HP:0001483 (Eye poking), HP:0002457 (Abnormal head movements), HP:0030553 (Visual acuity no light perception), HP:0000543 (Optic disc pallor), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus), HP:0000550 (Undetectable electroretinogram)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The individual is described as having Leber congenital amaurosis. No perception of light was detected at age 2.5 years. Pupils were wide and minimally responsive to bright light.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000613 (Photophobia), HP:0001098 (Abnormal fundus morphology)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Most recent fundus examination was relatively normal at 3 years of age.

      CasePreviousTesting: An LCA-specific microarray ChIP was used for initial genotyping, using antisense oligos to screen for 301 known disease-associated variants 6 LCA genes (AIPL1, CRB1, CRX, GUCY2D, RPE65, and RPGRIP1) and two early-onset RP genes (LRAT and MERTK).

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of PCR products from the relevant exon of GUCY2D.

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The individual was initially screened using an LCA-specific microarray ChIP with antisense oligos to detect 301 known disease-associated variants 6 LCA genes (AIPL1, CRB1, CRX, GUCY2D, RPE65, and RPGRIP1) and two early-onset RP genes (LRAT and MERTK). Subsequent genotyping was performed by Sanger sequencing of PCR products from the relevant exon of the GUCY2D locus.

      Variant: The individual is homozygous for the NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2302C>T (p.Arg768Trp) variant.

      ClinVar: 98563

      gnomAD: The NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2302C>T (p.Arg768Trp) variant exhibits a maximum allele frequency of 0.0002943 in gnomAD version 2.1.1 (in the European non-Finnish population, with no homozygotes). https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/17-7917236-C-T

      VariantEvidence: Multiple publications have found functional defects in the NM_000180.4(GUCY2D):c.2302C>T (p.Arg768Trp) variant. PMID: 25477517 shows defective binding to its interacting partner RD3, while PMID: 20050595 and PMID: 23035049 show reduced basal enzymatic activity and inability to interact with the activity-stimulating binding partner GCAP1.

      CaseAddInfo: Parents were not reported to be consanguineous. Segregation / phasing of two variants was not confirmed by parental genotyping.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. one nonsense mutation (p.R1534X)

      Case#: Narumi_2010_patient_3, male, age 10 years at report, national origin listed as Japanese

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000939 (Osteoporosis), HP:0011463 (Childhood onset), HP:0000572 (Visual loss), HP:0000639 (Nystagmus), HP:0000541 (Retinal detachment), HP:0004327 (Abnormal vitreous humor morphology, vascular remnants), HP:0008046 (Abnormal retinal vascular morphology), HP:0000618 (Blindness), HP:0001249 (Intellectual disability), HP:0020110 (Bone fracture), HP:0001388 (Joint laxity), HP:0001252 (Hypotonia), HP:0007083 (Hyperactive patellar reflex), HP:0000938 (Osteopenia), HP:0000926 (Platyspondyly)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient has been diagnosed with osteoporosis-pseudoglioma syndrome. In one eye, peripheral retinal vessel was insufficiently developed and optic disc traction was observed. Complete blindness occurred at age 3 due to deterioration of abnormal vascular growth in one eye.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No deformity of long bones was observed.

      CasePreviousTesting: Genotyping appears to have been limited to the LRP5 locus.

      CaseMethod1: Sanger sequencing of 23 PCR-amplified exons and flanking regions of the LRP5 locus

      CaseMethod2: N/A

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Genotyping appears to have been limited to Sanger sequencing of 23 PCR-amplified exons and flanking regions of the LRP5 locus.

      Variant: The patient harbors the NM_002335.4(LRP5):c.1145C>T (p.Pro382Leu) and NM_002335.4(LRP5):c.4600C>T (p.Arg1534Ter) variants in the compound heterozygous state.

      ClinVar: 40288, 40290

      gnomAD: The NM_002335.4(LR5P5):c.1145C>T (p.Pro382Leu) variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.000008800 (1/113634) in the European non-Finnish population https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/11-68153913-C-T The NM_002335.4(LRP5):c.4600C>T (p.Arg1534Ter) variant was not found in gnomAD v2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_002335.4(LR5P5):c.1145C>T (p.Pro382Leu) is a missense variant that does not have evidence of impact on the protein product, although it has been observed in the compound heterozygous state in an apparently unrelated proband from this same study. NM_002335.4(LRP5):c.4600C>T (p.Arg1534Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 23 of 23 and is predicted not to trigger nonsense-mediated decay but rather to truncate the C-terminal 5% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The patient has 2 apparently unaffected parents, one of whom carries the p.Arg1534Ter variant (mother), and one of whom carries the p.Pro382Leu variant (father)

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. index case

      Case#: Weisschuh_2018_Patient_8, sex unreported, age 35 years at time of report, likely from Europe or of European descent

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030465 (Undetectable light-adapted electroretinogram), HP:0030534 (Abnormal best corrected visual acuity test), HP:0000551 (Color vision defect), HP:0000613 (Photophobia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been previously diagnosed with achromatopsia.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030469 (Abnormal dark-adapted electroretinogram)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The patient was previously genotyped by Sanger sequencing of CNGB3, CNGA3, and GNAT2.

      CaseMethod1: next-generation sequencing of PDE6C and possibly other loci

      CaseMethod2: screening of the 22 exons and flanking regions of PDE6C (the only strong candidate gene) using Sanger sequencing

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband has been genotyped by Sanger sequencing of CNGB3, CNGA3, GNAT2, and PDE6C, as well as next-generation sequencing of PDE6C and possibly other loci.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.78del (p.Lys27fs) and NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.775C>T (p.Arg259Ter) variants in the compound heterozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 487693, 487691

      gnomAD: The NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.78del (p.Lys27fs) variant was not found in gnomAD v2.1.1. The NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.775C>T (p.Arg259Ter) variant is found in gnomAD v2.1.1 at a frequency of 0.00001759 (2/113724) in the European (non-Finnish) population, with 0 homozygotes https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/10-95381740-C-T

      VariantEvidence: NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.775C>T (p.Arg259Ter) is a nonsense variant in exon 4 of 22 that is predicted to trigger nonsense mediated decay or to at least truncate the C-terminal 70% of the protein product. NM_006204.4(PDE6C):c.78del (p.Lys27fs) is a frameshift variant in exon 1 of 12 that is predicted to trigger nonsense mediated decay or to at least truncate the C-terminal 97% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: N/A

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. Here we report a 2-basepair deletion in codon 25 of the human gene in a family with autosomal dominant retinitis punctata albescens

      Case#: Kajiwara_1993_Proband_III-1, male, age 59 years at time of report, family origin not reported

      CasePresentingHPOs: Adult onset HP:0003581, Nyctalopia HP:0000662, Reduced visual acuity, HP:0007663, Foveal hyperpigmentation HP:0008001, Foveal atrophy HP:0025010, Subretinal deposits HP:0031528, Uveitis HP:0000554, Cataract HP:0000518, Corneal opacity HP:0007957, Central scotoma HP:0000603, Chorioretinal atrophy HP:0000533, Optic disc pallor HP:0000543

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa albescens, with age of reported onset after 40 years.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: Previous testing consisted of screening of the RHO locus for disease-causing variants.

      CaseMethod1: SSCP

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing of PRPH2

      CaseGenotypingMethod: Previous testing of this family consisted of screening of the RHO locus for variants causing RP, with negative results. Genotyping started with single strand conformation polymorphism analysis of PCR-amplified products from the PRPH2 gene, followed by Sanger sequencing of the relevant PCR product to identify the variant. SSCP was subsequently performed to genotype family members..

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.73_74del (p.Trp25fs) variant in the heterozygous state.

      ClinVar ID: 98707

      gnomAD: The NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.73_74del (p.Trp25fs) variant was not found in gnomAD v4.0.0.

      VariantEvidence: NM_000322.5(PRPH2):c.73_74del (p.Trp25fs) is a frameshift variant in exon 1 of 3 that is predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay or to at least truncate the C-terminal 93% of the protein product.

      CaseAddInfo: The proband's family includes a daughter who is an "unaffected" (subclinically affected) carrier of the variant with an elevated dark-adapted threshold and numerous yellow/white subretinal flecks in the periphery of the fundus with macular sparing.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. In this study, we reported a Chinese family with four male CORD patients carrying a novel nonsense mutation in the exon ORF15 (c.2383G > T, p.E795X) of RPGR gene, which broaden the spectrum of RPGR mutations associated with X-linked CORD.

      Case#: Wang_2021_Patient_III-1, male, 32 years old, ethnicity described as Chinese

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000533 (Chorioretinal atrophy), HP:0007754 (Macular dystrophy), HP:0025158 (Hyperautofluorescent retinal lesion), HP:0001123 (Visual field defect), HP:0007994 (Peripheral visual field loss), HP:0030474 (Undetectable dark-adapted electroretinogram), HP:0008275 (Abnormal light-adapted electroretinogram), HP:0000662 (Nyctalopia), HP:0000529 (Progressive visual loss), HP:0000551 (Color vision defect), HP:0030534 (Abnormal best corrected visual acuity test), HP:0007737 (Bone spicule pigmentation of the retina),

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband has been diagnosed with cone-rod dystrophy, with the family exhibiting X-linked pattern of inheritance.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0012632 (Abnormal intraocular pressure)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband and was subjected to whole-exome sequencing.

      CaseMethod1: Whole-exome sequencing

      CaseMethod2: Sanger sequencing to confirm candidate variants within the RPGR locus

      CaseGenotypingMethod: The proband and was subjected to whole-exome sequencing, followed by Sanger sequencing to confirm candidate variants within the RPGR locus and to genotype family members.

      Variant: The proband harbors the NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.2383G>T (p.Glu795Ter) variant in the hemizygous state.

      ClinVar: 975145

      gnomAD: The variant was not found in gnomAD v.2.1.1.

      VariantEvidence: NM_001034853.2(RPGR):c.2383G>T (p.Glu795Ter) is a nonsense variant in the final exon (exon 15) that is not predicted to trigger nonsense-mediated decay but truncates ~31% of the C-terminus of the protein product. In HEK-293T cells, truncation was confirmed by western blotting (Figure 3b), yet immunocytochemistry showed normal (cytoplasmic) localization (Figure 3c).

      CaseAddInfo: The proband is a member of a family with three other affected males and three carrier females described as unaffected.

      CasePMIDs: N/A

    1. 4/m

      Case#: 4, Male, Han Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Not Provided

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001249, HP:0007957, HP:0001433 (Mental Retardation (severe), Corneal Clouding, Hepatosplenomegaly)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Skeletal Deformities

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0 Leukocyte IDUA activity (nmol/h/mg protein) (isolated leukocytes in the latter)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Using the artificial substrate 4-methyl-umbelliferyl α-L-iduronide (Sigma)

      Variant1: c.792+1G>T

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA355962278

      Variant2: c.792+1G>T

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355962278

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: Patient 4, 11 years old, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H (Severe)

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity not detected

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1029C>A (p.Y343X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 222997

      Variant1CAID: CA356984

      Variant2: c.1029C>A (p.Y343X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 222997

      Variant2CAID: CA356984

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. Case#: Patient 3, 4 years old, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H (Severe)

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity not detected

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. P13

      Case#: P13, Female, 2.7 years (diagnosed), 5.1 (report), 18 kg (weight), 96 cm (height), Algerian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Parents are not consanguineous

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001249, HP:0001999, HP:0000943, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001387, HP:0007957, HP:0000238 (Mental Retardation, Facial Dysmorphic Features, Multiple Dysostosis, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly, Hernia(Ombelical), Corneal Opacity, Hydrocephalus)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Chronic Rhinorrhea

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Cardiac Manifestations

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA Enzyme activity 2 (% to the reference range mean)

      CaseUrineGAGs: GAG quantitation 19.6 (fold change to the reference range mean according to age)

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Direct DNA Fragments Sequencing

      Variant1: c.501C>G (p.Tyr167*)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 92644

      Variant1CAID: CA220511

      Variant2: c.501C>G (p.Tyr167*)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 92644

      Variant2CAID: CA220511

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 17

      Case#: Patient 17 (see Table 2), 40 weeks (Gestational age)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. 2

      Case#: Patient 2 (see Table 2), 38 weeks, 1 day (Gestational age)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Inguinal hernia (HP:0000023)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Upper respiratory tract involvement

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant2CAID: CA204563

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. 7

      Case#: Patient 7 (see Table 2), 33 weeks, 1 day (Gestational age)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.44 nmol x mg-1 × hr-1

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.653T>C (p.L218P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 222995

      Variant2CAID: CA356986

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    4. 294

      Case#: Patient 29 (see Table 2), 40 weeks, 5 days (Gestational age)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-S

      FamilyInfo: Sibling of Patient 28 (see Table 2)

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Inguinal hernia (HP:0000023)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Upper respiratory tract involvement

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 1.61 nmol x mg-1 × hr-1

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.474-2A>G (new nomenclature: c.386-2A>G)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 222994

      Variant1CAID: CA356991

      Variant2: c.1148G>A (p.R383H)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 558189

      Variant2CAID: CA:2802205

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    5. 201

      Case#: Patient 20 (see Table 2), 37 weeks, 1 day (Gestational age)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: Sibling of Patient 19 (see Table 2)

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Inguinal hernia (HP:0000023)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Upper respiratory tract involvement

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.95 nmol x mg-1 × hr-1

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1044C>A (p.N348K)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA:355963142

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 1

      Case#: Subject 1, female, in her 30s (age at enrollment), died during extension study from pneumonia and respiratory failure sixty-five days after her first dose in the extension study.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002093, HP:0002540, HP:0002090, HP:0002176 (Chronic respiratory insufficiency, inability to walk, pneumonia, spinal cord compression)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Hemidiaphragmatic paralysis, improved strength and range of motion

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes - Enzyme replacement therapy with laronidase

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: N/A

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. the patient (II‐2)

      Case#: II-2, Female, 2 years (onset), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS 1

      FamilyInfo: I-1 and I-2 are the parents, II-4 is a full sibling of II-2 and a full child of I-1 and I-2. II-4 also carries the disease. (pedigree is figure # 1).

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001367, HP:0000622, HP:0007663, HP:0001718, HP:0001643, HP:0001698, HP:0000238, (Abnormal joints, Blurred vision, Decreased vision, Mitral stenosis (severe), Patent ductus arteriosus (tubular), Pericardial effusion (moderate), Hydrocephalus)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Abnormal mitral valve development, Anterior mitral valve prolapses and insufficiency (moderate), Pulmonary hypertension (moderate), Bilateral temporal arachnoid cyst, Congenital spinal stenosis, Congenital glaucoma, Corneal gray degeneration, Corneal staphyloma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Sanger Sequencing

      Variant1: c.1037T>G

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11927

      Variant1CAID: CA256128

      Variant2: c.18115dupT

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1454082

      Variant2CAID: CA2573137507

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    1. D4

      Case#: Patient D4, Druze religious group, located in lower Galilee.

      DiseaseAssertion: N/A

      FamilyInfo: May have relation with Patient D5 due to being located in the same village. Parents were found to be heterozygous for the mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1096A>C (p.T366P)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11916

      Variant1CAID: CA:256117

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. D1

      Case#: Patient D1, Druze religious group, located in lower Galilee.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Both parents, as well as an aunt and uncle who had a deceased affected child, were heterozygous for the same mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.192C>A (p.Y64X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11914

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 19/F

      Case#: 19, Female, infancy (onset), 3 years (diagnosed), 17 years (report)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001744, HP:0001537, HP:0001007, HP:0000158, HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0007957 (Short Stature, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly (severe), Splenomegaly(severe), Umbilical Hernia, Hirsutism, Large Tongue, Coarse Facial Features, Dysostosis Multiplex, Corneal Clouding)

      CaseHPOFreeText: (Mental Development (delayed), Systolic murmur 3/6/combined defect of mitral valve)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.H539T (fsX21)

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: c.1650+5G>A (splicing error)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 92634

      Variant2CAID: CA220504

      AdditionalVariants: p.A8, p.A20, p.Q33H

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. 18/M

      Case#: 18, Male, 15 years (onset), 15 years (diagnosed), 15 years (report)

      DiseaseAssertion: Scheie Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Patients 17 and 18 are siblings

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001744, HP:0001537, HP:0000280, HP:0000943 (Short Stature, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly (moderate), Splenomegaly(mild), Umbilical Hernia, Coarse Facial Features (mild), Dysostosis Multiplex)

      CaseHPOFreeText: (Mental Development (developmental quotient 93 at 15y, Verbal IQ 77; CIQ 79), Umbilical/Carpal Tunnel Syndrome)

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000256 (Macrocephaly)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.Q380R

      Variant1ClinVarID: 550799

      Variant1CAID: CA2802202

      Variant2: p.Q380R

      Variant2ClinVarID: 550799

      Variant2CAID: CA2802202

      AdditionalVariants: p.A8/A8, p.A20/A20

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. 7/F

      Case#: 7, Female, 8 months (onset), 10 months (diagnosed), 5 years (report)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Not Provided

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001537, HP:0000486, HP:0002857, HP:0012185, HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0007957 (Macrocephaly (at 8m), Joint Stiffness (at 8m), Hepatomegaly (Severe before HSCT, mild after HSCT), Umbilical Hernia, Strabismus, genua valga, carpal tunnel syndrome, Coarse Facial Features (very mild), Dysostosis Multiplex, Corneal Clouding)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Mental Development (developmental quotient 110 at 1y, Developmental quotient 115 at 5y), Normal psychomotor development, Hearing problems,

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0001744 (Short Stature, Splenomegaly)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: normal IDUA activity in leucocytes (4 years after HSCT)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation at 1y

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.W402X

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1650 + 5G > A

      Variant2ClinVarID: 92634

      Variant2CAID: CA220504

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    4. 8/M

      Case#: 8, Male, 2, 5 years (onset), 3,5 months (diagnosed), 16 years (report)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler-Scheie Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Not Provided

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001744, HP:0001537, HP:001285, HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0007957 (Macrocephaly, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly (mild before HSCT), Splenomegaly (mild before HSCT), Umbilical Hernia, Carpal tunnel syndrome, Coarse Facial Features, Dysostosis Multiplex, Corneal Clouding)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Mental Development (Borderline developmental quotient at 3y, IQ 117 at 12y)

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0002240, HP:0001744 (Short Stature, Hepatomegaly (after HSCT), Splenomegaly (after HSCT))

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: normal IDUA activity at 16 years

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation at 5y

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.W402X

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: p.E640fs

      Variant2ClinVarID: 558359

      Variant2CAID: CA355966048

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    5. 14/M

      Case#: 14, Male, 24 months (onset), 3 years (diagnosed), 8 years (report), deceased (at 9y)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Not Provided

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001744, HP:0001638, HP:0000023, HP:0002415, HP:0000158, HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0007957 (Short Stature, Macrocephaly, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly (severe), Splenomegaly (moderate), Cardiomyopathy (involvement of valves), Inguinal Hernia, Leukodystrophy (in MRI), Large Tongue, Coarse Facial Features, Dysostosis Multiplex, Corneal Clouding)

      CaseHPOFreeText: (Mental Development (Delayed since infancy), Vision and Hearing impairment, Ear Inflammations, Cervical Canal Stenosis (in MRI at 7y), Tracheostomy)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.Q70X

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: p.W626X

      Variant2ClinVarID: 928997

      Variant2CAID: CA355965968

      AdditionalVariants: p.Q33H/Q33H, p.L118

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    6. 12/F

      Case#: 12, Female, 5 months (onset), 5 years (diagnosed), 5 years (report), deceased (at 7y)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Not Provided

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0004322, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0002240, HP:0001744, HP:0001537, HP:0000365, HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0007957 (Short Stature, Macrocephaly, Joint Stiffness, Hepatomegaly (Severe), Splenomegaly (moderate), Umbilical Hernia, Deafness (progressive), Coarse Facial Features, Dysostosis Multiplex, Corneal Clouding)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Mental Development (Delayed)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided

      Variant1: p.Q70X

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: p.D315Y

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355962740

      AdditionalVariants: p.A8, p.A20, p.Q33H, p.L118

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 55, 6 months old (age at report), female, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, dysostosis multiplex (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0000943)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 2.7% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.589G>A (p.Gly197Ser)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1526094

      Variant1CAID: CA355961839

      Variant2: c.1091C>T (p.Thr364Met)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11925

      Variant2CAID: CA256126

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 16, 2 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, joint contractures, corneal clouding, recurrent infections, dysostosis multiplex, intellectual disability, hernia (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0002828, HP:0007957, HP:0002719, HP:0000943, HP:0001249, HP:0100790)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 3.3% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.568_581del (p.Asn190Hisfs*204)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 3639714

      Variant1CAID: CA2801994

      Variant2: c.568_581del (p.Asn190Hisfs*204)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 3639714

      Variant2CAID: CA2801994

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 5, 2 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, corneal clouding, recurrent infections, dysostosis multiplex (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0007957, HP:0002719, HP:0000943)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 2.2% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.343G>T (p.Asp115Tyr)

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA355961128

      Variant2: c.343G>T (p.Asp115Tyr)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355961128

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    4. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 21, 2 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, recurrent infections (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0002719)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 2.9% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.935G>A (p.Trp312Ter)

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA355962697

      Variant2: c.935G>A (p.Trp312Ter)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355962697

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    5. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 11, 4 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Sibling of patient 10

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, recurrent infections, dysostosis multiplex, intellectual disability, hernia (HP:0000280, HP:0002719, HP:0000943, HP:0001249, HP:0100790)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 3.6% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.531C>G (p.Phe177Leu)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 2432729

      Variant1CAID: CA2801983

      Variant2: c.531C>G (p.Phe177Leu)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 2432729

      Variant2CAID: CA2801983

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    6. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 39, 1 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Joint contractures, dysostosis multiplex (HP:0002828, HP:0000943)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 3.4% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1373T>C (p.Leu458Pro)

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA355964255

      Variant2: c.1373T>C (p.Leu458Pro)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355964255

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    7. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 53, 2 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, corneal clouding, recurrent infections, intellectual disability, hernia (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0007957, HP:0002719, HP:0001249, HP:0100790)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 2.5% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.502G>T (p.Gly168Ter)

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA355961652

      Variant2: c.1402+1G>A

      Variant2ClinVarID: 555490

      Variant2CAID: CA355964379

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    8. Hurler disease

      Case#: Patient 19, 1 years old (age at report), male, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facial features, hepatosplenomegaly, joint contractures, corneal clouding, recurrent infections, dysostosis multiplex, hernia (HP:0000280, HP:0001433, HP:0002828, HP:0007957, HP:0002719, HP:0000943, HP:0100790)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 2.7% (Range of residual enzyme activity: 0.0%-4.8%)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.784delC (p.His262Thrfs*55)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 956890

      Variant1CAID: CA2802083

      Variant2: c.784delC (p.His262Thrfs*55)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 956890

      Variant2CAID: CA2802083

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. siblings

      Case#: Case 2, proband was an 2-year-old female of Mexican origin. She was born at full term via cesarian section at 7 lbs and 6 oz.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Proband came from a consanguineous union (uncle-niece). Case 1 is the proband's brother.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Recurrent otitis media (HP:0000403)

      CaseHPOFreeText: She also had more than 10 ear infections, and was diagnosed with bilateral moderate to severe hearing loss. She was mildly delayed, mainly in language.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Her physical growth was not impaired.

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Given the conclusion to discontinue enzyme replacement therapy in her brother, the decision was made, again with the participation of the patient's mother, not to initiate ERT unless she developed somatic symptoms that could be alleviated with treatment.

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.923T>C (p.L308P)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 502243

      Variant1CAID: CA2802119

      Variant2: c.923T>C (p.L308P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 502243

      Variant2CAID: CA2802119

      AdditionalVariants: Shee also had a homozygous variant (c.268G>A) in the SGSH gene, and additionally diagnosed with Sanfilippo syndrome type A.

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. siblings

      Case#: Case 1, proband was an 8-year-old male of Mexican origin. He was born at 32 weeks gestational age; 3 lbs and 12 oz. He was diagnosed at 1.5 years old.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Proband came from a consanguineous union (uncle-niece). Case 2 is the proband's sister.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Developmental delay, coarse facial features, gastroesophageal reflux, hiatal hernia, umbilical hernia, recurrent otitis media, hepatomegaly, dysostosis multiplex, joint stiffness (HP:0001263, HP:0000280, HP:0002020, HP:0002036, HP:0001537, HP:0000403, HP:0002240, HP:0000943, HP:0001387)

      CaseHPOFreeText: He had bilateral moderate to severe hearing loss. He had a normal ophthalmologic examination at 3 years of age, and at age 8 has not developed corneal clouding. He had contractures at the knees as well.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Enzyme analysis on fibroblasts showed 10% residual alpha-l-iduronidase activity and no detectable activity for heparan N-sulfatase.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Urinary quantitation of glycosaminoglycans showed 127 mg/g creatinine of uronic acid by the orcinol reaction (nl. 10.7 ± 8.0) and 449 mg/g creatinine by the carbazole reaction (nl. 16.9 ± 9.9), giving a carbazole to orcinol ratio of almost 3, which is indicative of excess heparan sulfate as compared with dermatan sulfate. The electrophoresis which revealed a strong band of heparan sulfate and slightly less chondroitin sulfate was confirmatory of this conclusion. N-sulfated hexosamine was 126 mg/g creatinine (nl. 15.8 ± 12).

      CaseERT: He was started on enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) for iduronidase deficiency at age 3 years. However, his severe hyperactivity often precluded therapy as he could not sit still during the infusions, and the intravenous access catheter infiltrated on numerous occasions. Given his mild somatic symptoms, the concurrent diagnosis of Sanfilippo syndrome, a lethal condition, as well as the difficulty his family had with his complex medical care, the decision was made with the family's participation and accord to discontinue ERT and to treat only those problems that would improve his quality of life. He was on ERT for a total of 3 years.

      CaseBMT: He was evaluated for a bone marrow transplant but was determined to be ineligible due to his low developmental quotient.

      Variant1: c.923T>C (p.L308P)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 502243

      Variant1CAID: CA2802119

      Variant2: c.923T>C (p.L308P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 502243

      Variant2CAID: CA2802119

      AdditionalVariants: He also had a homozygous variant (c.268G>A) in the SGSH gene, and additionally diagnosed with Sanfilippo syndrome type A.

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 50/M

      Case#: Patient 50, male, Han origin, 5 years 6 months old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hernia, Airway obstruction (HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0001433, HP:0100790, HP:0006536)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Mongolian macula (HP:0001263, HP:0011369)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 0.8 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1898C>T (p.S633L)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 556406

      Variant1CAID: CA355966010

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. 55/F

      Case#: Patient 55, female, Han origin, 2 years 3 months old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Hepatosplenomegaly (HP:0001263, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0001433)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: Mongolian macula, Hernia, Airway obstruction (HP:0011369, HP:0100790, HP:0006536)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 1.0 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant1CAID: CA356987

      Variant2: c.503G>T (p.G168V)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 4069658

      Variant2CAID: CA355961655

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: The transmission of sequence variations found in each patient was inferred by sequencing the corresponding exons of the patient's parents - confirmed in trans by parental testing.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. 42/M

      Case#: Patient 42, male, Han origin, 2 years old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Mongolian macula, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hernia (HP:0001263, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0011369, HP:0001433, HP:0100790)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: Airway obstruction (HP:0006536)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 1.0 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1402+1G>T

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1323099

      Variant1CAID: CA355964387

      Variant2: c.1402+1G>T

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1323099

      Variant2CAID: CA355964387

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: The transmission of sequence variations found in each patient was inferred by sequencing the corresponding exons of the patient's parents - confirmed by parental testing.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    4. 26/F

      Case#: Patient 26, female, Han origin, 3 years old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Mongolian macula, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hernia, Airway obstruction (HP:0001263, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0011369, HP:0001433, HP:0100790, HP:0006536)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: 668insGCG, it looks like this should be c.665_667dup

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA2586965942

      Variant2: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant2CAID: CA356987

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: The transmission of sequence variations found in each patient was inferred by sequencing the corresponding exons of the patient's parents - confirmed in trans by parental testing.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    5. 24/M

      Case#: Patient 24, male, Han origin, age not available

      DiseaseAssertion: N/A

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 2.3 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: N/A

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: c.296+4G>A, it looks like this is a typo and should be c.299+4G>A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA2669476183

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    6. 10/F

      Case#: Patient 10, female, Han origin, 2.5 years old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Hepatosplenomegaly, Airway obstruction (HP:0001263, HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0001433, HP:0006536)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: Mongolian macula, Hernia (HP:0011369, HP:0100790)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 0.2 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant1CAID: CA356987

      Variant2: c.536C>G (p.T179R)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 556358

      Variant2CAID: CA355961718

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: Father - c.236C>T, Mother - c.536C>G. The transmission of sequence variations found in each patient was inferred by sequencing the corresponding exons of the patient's parents - confirmed in trans by parental testing.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    7. 11/M

      Case#: Patient 11, male, Han origin, 7 years old (age at diagnosis)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Macrocephaly, Joint stiffness, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hernia, Airway obstruction (HP:0000256, HP:0001387, HP:0001433, HP:0100790, HP:0006536)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: Global Developmental Delay, Mongolian macula (HP:0001263, HP:0011369)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 0.1 nmol/h/mg protein. The normal range in Chinese controls was found to be 27.2–52 nmol/h/mg protein.

      CaseUrineGAGs: Diagnosis was confirmed biochemically by the demonstration of an increased excretion of urinary dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant1CAID: CA234128

      Variant2: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant2CAID: CA234128

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: The transmission of sequence variations found in each patient was inferred by sequencing the corresponding exons of the patient's parents - confirmed by parental testing.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. P1

      Case#: P1, male, 1.1 years (age at HCT - hematopoietic cell transplantation), 2 iPS colonies per 100,000 cells (KC)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Yes - Donor cells were received from KC, keratinocytes. Study was conducted 0.2 years after HCT.

      Variant1: c.501C>G (p.Y167X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 92644

      Variant1CAID: CA220511

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. c.536C > A

      Case#: No additional case information provided

      DiseaseAssertion: MPSI-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.07 umol/g hr, reference range 10–50 umol/g hr.

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.536C>A (p.T179K)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 2734636

      Variant1CAID: CA355961717

      Variant2: c.536C>A (p.T179K)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 2734636

      Variant2CAID: CA355961717

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Abnormal

      Case#: No additional case information provided

      DiseaseAssertion: Not specified

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Abnormal

      CaseUrineGAGs: Normal

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1054T>C (p.F352L)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 2432790

      Variant1CAID: CA2802178

      Variant2: c.1112T>A (p.V371D)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1470032

      Variant2CAID: CA355963356

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. Abnormal

      Case#: No additional case information provided

      DiseaseAssertion: MPSI-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Abnormal

      CaseUrineGAGs: Normal

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1577T>C (p.L526P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 567566

      Variant2CAID: CA2802300

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. Abnormal

      Case#: No additional case information provided.

      DiseaseAssertion: Not specified

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Abnormal

      CaseUrineGAGs: Normal

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1042_1062dup

      Variant1ClinVarID: 2432708

      Variant1CAID: CA549264534

      Variant2: c.986A>G

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA2802157

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. older sibling

      Case#: OS of sibship 2, male, 1.3 years old (age at diagnosis), 3.3 years old (age at ERT enrollment), 11.7 years (duration of ERT)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: Affected female YS (YS of sibship 2)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007957, HP:0000943, HP:0002828, HP:0002650 (Corneal opacity, dysostosis, joint contractures, scoliosis)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease, mild organomegaly, learning difficulties, progression of musculoskeletal symptoms,

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes - Motor development remained normal while learning difficulties present at onset of ERT persisted. After 5 years of ERT, showed significant scoliosis and other spinal deformities

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1598C>G (p.P533R)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant1CAID: CA256112

      Variant2: c.1598C>G (p.P533R)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant2CAID: CA256112

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. older sibling

      Case#: OS of sibship 8, male, 6.8 years old (age at diagnosis), 7 years old (age at ERT enrollment), 6.0 years (duration of ERT)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: Affected YS (YS of sibship 8)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007957, HP:0000943, HP:0002828 (Corneal opacity, dysostosis, joint contracture)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes - Had progression of cardiac symptoms at T2 and dysostosis multiplex stabilized. Had behavioral issues and required an aide for 1-on-1 schooling.

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: N/A

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. younger sibling

      Case#: YS of sibship 9, female, 6.7 years old (age at diagnosis), 8.6 years old (age at ERT enrollment), 6.4 years (duration of ERT)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: Affected OS (OS of sibship 9)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007957, HP:0000943, HP:0002828 (Corneal opacity, dysostosis, joint contracture)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cardiac disease, ocular, respiratory, and musculoskeletal involvement.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes - Had stabilization of mild ocular symptoms, and cardiac disease remained less severe in the mild to moderate range. Had stabilization of dysostosis multiplex and no progression of motor function delays.

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: N/A

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 8

      Case#: Patient 8 (see Table 2), male, 22.3 years old (age at report), 12.5 years (duration of treatment), 8 surgeries

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000238, HP:0002176, HP:0002360 (Hydrocephalus, spinal cord compression, sleep abnormality)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Shunt placement, psychiatric problems

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.793G>C (p.G265R)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 638074

      Variant1CAID: CA2802098

      Variant2: c.979G>C (p.A327P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 167190

      Variant2CAID: CA234128

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. 2

      Case#: Patient 2 (see Table 2), male, 18.3 years old (age at report), 9.1 years (duration of treatment), 7 surgeries

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000238, HP:0002176, HP:0002360 (Hydrocephalus, spinal cord compression, sleep abnormality)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Shunt placement, psychiatric problems

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.712T>A (p.L238Q) CDNA and protein change do not match. Known variant p.L238Q has a CDNA change of c.713T>A.

      Variant1ClinVarID: 265418

      Variant1CAID: CA2802065

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. 4

      Case#: Patient 4 (see Table 2), female, 19.8 years old (age at report), 9.7 years (duration of treatment), 8 surgeries

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000238, HP:0002360 (Hydrocephalus, sleep abnormality)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Shunt placement, psychiatric problems

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002176 (Spinal cord compression)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.712T>A (p.L238Q) CDNA and protein change do not match. Known variant p.L238Q has a CDNA change of c.713T>A.

      Variant1ClinVarID: 265418

      Variant1CAID: CA2802065

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    4. 7

      Case#: Patient 7 (see Table 2), male, 15.1 years old (age at report), 6.9 years (duration of treatment), 6 surgeries

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000238, HP:0002176, HP:0002360 (Hydrocephalus, spinal cord compression, sleep abnormality)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Shunt placement, psychiatric problems

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: (p.G256R) Potential type error, p.G256R does not exist, possible should be p.G265R as seen in Patient 8.

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    5. 12

      Case#: Patient 12 (see Table 2), female, 20.9 years old (age at report), 9.3 years (duration of treatment), 10 surgeries

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-HS

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002176 (Spinal cord compression)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000238, HP:0002360 (Hydrocephalus, sleep abnormality)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Shunt placement

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: (Int11-7c>t) Current HGVS nomenclature is c.1651-7C>T

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1147380

      Variant2CAID: CA438057995

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Patient 5

      Case#: Patient 5, Male, 1 year 4 months (diagnosed), 4 years (report), Djerba Island (Tunisian origin)

      DiseaseAssertion: N/A

      FamilyInfo: Parents are consanguineous between 3rd cousins

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Leukocyte IDUA activity 0.2% (% normal) ; determined in sonicated leukocyte pellets using the artificial substrate 4-methylumbellifery IDUA

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Sequencing exons and intro-exon junctions; Phenol/chloroform procedure

      Variant1: p.P533R

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant1CAID: CA256112

      Variant2: p.P533R

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant2CAID: CA256112

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: Patient #2 (see Table 2), male, 2 years old (age at diagnosis), 12 years old (age at report)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS-I

      FamilyInfo: Born from a consanguineous marriage

      CasePresentingHPOs: Cardiomyopathy, scoliosis, macroglossia, failure to thrive, global developmental delay, short stature, skeletal dysplasia, hepatomegaly, splenomegaly (HP:0001638, HP:0002650, HP:0000158, HP:0001508, HP:0001263, HP:0004322, HP:0002652, HP:0002240, HP:0001744)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Normal intelligence, mitral valve thickening

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: α-L-iduronidase 0.5 nmol/ml. The activity of this enzyme is below its reference (1–18.5 nmol/ml).

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.903C>G (p.D301E)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458511

      Variant1CAID: CA355962528

      Variant2: c.903C>G (p.D301E)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1458511

      Variant2CAID: CA355962528

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Patient F

      Case#: Patient F, female, 25 years old (age at report), 61 kg of weight (50th percentile), height of 154 cm (10th percentile). She is now working as an office secretary and also practices aerobic activity three times a week. She drives a car autonomously with her driving license which is renewed every 2 years. Her quality of life was measured with EQ-5D-Y and resulted good (100/100). Overall cognitive abilities are in the lower average expected for age (IQ:80), with difficulties in executive functioning, working memory, and arithmetic reasoning.

      DiseaseAssertion: attenuated form of MPS-1

      FamilyInfo: Affected younger sibling (Patient M), born to non-consanguineous Italian parents.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Moderate facial coarseness, moderately severe dysostosis multiplex, scoliosis, hyperlordosis, genua valga, corneal clouding, hyperopia, astigmatism, otitis media (completely corrected by eyeglasses), hearing impairment, mild obstructive sleep apnea (since 16 years old), mild thickened skin (HP:0000280, HP:0000943, HP:0002650, HP:0003307, HP:0002857, HP:0007957, HP:0000540, HP:0000483, HP:0000388, HP:0000365, HP:0010535, HP:0001072)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Liver and spleen volumes were normalized within the first year of ERT and remained within normal limits at clinical examination, claw feet, stiffness of the tibio-tarsal joint, ROM of hip and knees were within the normal ranges, improved stiffness of the trunk, movements of shoulders, elbows and wrists were within the normal range, limited flexion of fingers due to mild rigidity, normal cerebral MRI, a mild–moderate tricuspid insufficiency with pulmonary artery pressure (PAP) within the upper normal range (25 mmHG) was reported (at 16 years old), cardiac involvement.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: Total urinary GAG excretion was slightly above the upper limit of the normal range (47 μg/mg creatinine with normal values < 26) with the qualitative assay showing a band of DS.

      CaseERT: Yes - Began ERT and 5 years old. Laronidase infusions were started delivering weekly (at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg) using implanted venous access devices. Laronidase infusion generally lasted approximately 4 h, without the need for any premedication.

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1603C>T (p.L535F)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 638076

      Variant2CAID: CA355865038

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished Yes (PMID: 20026495) and (PMID:26965916)

    2. Patient M

      Case#: Patient M, male, 19 years of age (age at report), 71 kg of weight (50th percentile), height of 171 cm (25th percentile). He attended the last year of high school Institute of Art and practices aerobic activity three times a week. He is intellectually normal (IQ: 108) with a good quality of life (100/100 assessed by EQ-5D-Y).

      DiseaseAssertion: attenuated form of MPS 1

      FamilyInfo: Affected older sibling (Patient F), born to non-consanguineous Italian parents.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Mild facial coarseness, temporomandibular joint dislocation, hypoplasia of the odontoid process, severe worsening of corneal clouding (noted at 12 months), mild hyperopia (noted at 7 years), astigmatism (noted at 7 years but completely corrected by eyeglasses), minimal multiplex dysostosis, mild joint stiffness, kyphosis, initial signs of carpal tunnel syndrome (HP:0000280, HP:6000814, HP:0003311, HP:0007957, HP:0000540, HP:0000483, HP:0000943, HP:0001387, HP:0002808, HP:0012185)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Mild shoulder stiffness was present with limited forward elevation up to 120° and in abduction up to 100°, mild scoliosis with Cobb angle of 17°, triangular shape of cervical and thoracic vertebres (C4, C5, C6, D6, and D7), several dorsal herniated discs, normal brain MRI, mild heart involvement, stabilization of the cardiac valvulopathy, normal hearing.

      CaseNotHPOs: Hepatosplenomegaly (HP:0001433)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Respiratory or sleep disturbances, no recurrent infections.

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: Total urinary glycosaminoglycans (GAG) determination on samples collected just before infusion remained within normal ranges (20,8 μg/mg creatinine with normal values < 42) but at the qualitative assay was present a band of DS.

      CaseERT: Yes - Began ERT at 5 months old (pre symptomatically). Laronidase infusions were started delivering weekly (at the dose of 0.5 mg/kg) using implanted venous access devices. Laronidase infusion generally lasted approximately 4 h, without the need for any premedication.

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1603C>T (p.L535F)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 638076

      Variant2CAID: CA355865038

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished Yes (PMID: 20026495) and (PMID:26965916)

    1. Case#: Patient 9, 4 years old, Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-S (Attenuated)

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.19 µmol/g.h (Normal ranges: 10-50 µmol/g.h)

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.903C>G (p.D301E)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458511

      Variant1CAID: CA355962528

      Variant2: c.903C>G (p.D301E)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1458511

      Variant2CAID: CA355962528

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. MPS IH patients

      Case#: Patient 2

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.398_403del (p.Met133_Gly134del)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 863830

      Variant2CAID: CA2801912

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: Patient 5, male, 7.5 months (age at HSCT), 5.3 months (age at ERT).

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Pneumonia (HP:0002090)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Adenovirus, gastrointestinal and skin (GVHD)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.2 (at diagnosis), 38.3 (after HSCT) Units not provided.

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes - 87 days duration

      CaseBMT: Yes - MUD (matched unrelated donor) with stem cells sourcing from the CB (cord blood)

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: Variant not associated with a proband. Variant listed in supplementary materials in Supplementary Table 4

      DiseaseAssertion: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, MPS I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: L218P

      Variant1ClinVarID: 222995

      Variant1CAID:CA356986

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    2. Case#: Variant not associated with a proband. Variant listed in supplementary materials in Supplementary Table 4

      DiseaseAssertion: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, MPS I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: L535F

      Variant1ClinVarID: 638076

      Variant1CAID: CA355965038

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    3. Case#: Variant not associated with a proband. Variant listed in supplementary materials in Supplementary Table 4

      DiseaseAssertion: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, MPS I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: N348K

      Variant1ClinVarID:

      Variant1CAID: CA355963142

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    4. Case#: Variant not associated with a proband. Variant listed in supplementary materials in Supplementary Table 4

      DiseaseAssertion: Mucopolysaccharidosis type I, MPS I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: L238Q

      Variant1ClinVarID: 265418

      Variant1CAID: CA2802065

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    1. 19

      Case#: Patient 19, born in 2004 (paper published in 2017), 11 months (age at first treatment)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPSI-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Corneal clouding (HP:0007957)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Retinopathy, cataract (HP:0000488, HP:0000518)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 66 ng/mol (56 weight matched enzyme reference assay)

      CaseUrineGAGs: 0.55 DS/CS

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: Yes, Cord

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant2CAID: CA220498

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. 1

      Case#: Patient 1, born in 2007 (paper published in 2017), 9 months (age at first treatment)

      DiseaseAssertion: MPSI-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Corneal clouding (HP:0007957)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Retinopathy, cataract (HP:0000488, HP:0000518)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 44.29 ng/mol (33.09 weight matched enzyme reference assay)

      CaseUrineGAGs: 0.4 DS/CS

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: Yes, cord

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.979G>C (p.A327P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 167190

      Variant2CAID: CA234128

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. R628X

      Case#: Family 4, Middle East

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The paper states that "Hurler form is characterized by skeletal abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly and severe mental retardation" but is not specific to this patient.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: The α-L-iduronidase enzyme activities in leucocytes from all patients in the study was measured using the artificial substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl α-L iduronide (Sigma). Values ranged from 0 to 2.47 nmol/h/mg protein (reference range: 28–92 nmol/h/mg protein) and did not correlate to the clinical phenotype.

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1882C>T (p.R628X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 550421

      Variant1CAID: CA2802462

      Variant2: c.1882C>T (p.R628X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 550421

      Variant2CAID: CA2802462

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. G208V

      Case#: Family 1, Middle East

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The paper states that "Hurler form is characterized by skeletal abnormalities, hepatosplenomegaly and severe mental retardation" but is not specific to this patient.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: The α-L-iduronidase enzyme activities in leucocytes from all patients in the study was measured using the artificial substrate 4-methylumbelliferyl α-L iduronide (Sigma). Values ranged from 0 to 2.47 nmol/h/mg protein (reference range: 28–92 nmol/h/mg protein) and did not correlate to the clinical phenotype.

      α-L-iduronidase activity in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with wild-type or mutagenised cDNAs. α-L-iduronidase activity: 4.5 nmol/h/mg cell protein; values are the means of two experiments.

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.623G>T (p.G208V)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 3591555

      Variant1CAID: CA355961949

      Variant2: c.623G>T (p.G208V)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 3591555

      Variant2CAID: CA355961949

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: Parental testing conducted, each parent was shown to carry one of the sequence changes found in their affected child.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: Pt 1, age is 20 months (proband can be found in Table 1)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler syndrome, mucopolysaccharidosis type IH, MPS IH, MPS type I

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: In methods it is stated that an IDUA activity assay was conducted on cartilaginous pellets generated from patient-derived bone marrow stromal cells at 5 weeks. However, results of the IDUA activity assays are not stated.

      CaseUrineGAGs: "Significantly higher levels of GAGs in MPS IH compared with HD pellets at.1 week of chondrogenic differentiation, thus indicating that GAG accumulation in MPS IH can be seen during cell condensation and early differentiation stages." Total GAG content for each sample in ug GAG/ug DNA shown in Figure 4 graphs.

      CaseERT: Don't know

      CaseBMT: Don't know

      Variant1: p.Q70X

      Variant1ClinVarID:

      Variant1CAID: PA3044620172

      Variant2: p.P496R

      Variant2ClinVarID: 496861

      Variant2CAID: CA2802275

      AdditionalVariants: No additional variants mentioned

      ParentalGenotype: No parental information provided

      PreviouslyPublished: No mention of previously being published

    1. Patient of family F

      Case#: Family F proband, male, 1 year old (age of onset), Tunisia.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Seven unaffected brothers with MPS1 (See results), parents were 2nd degree relatives (See Table 1)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001433, HP:0001744, HP:0001999, (Hepatosplenomegaly, splenomegaly, abnormal facial shape)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity (0.1 nmol/h/mg) (usual values: 1-5).

      CaseUrineGAGs: glycosaminoglycans (102 mg/g of creatinine) (usual values: 9-46), abnormal electrophoresis profile with dermatan sulfate and heparan sulfate

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Yes

      Variant1: c.1598C>G (p.P533R)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant1CAID: CA256112

      Variant2: c.1598C>G (p.P533R)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 11910

      Variant2CAID: CA256112

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 6

      Case#: 6, Male, 0.9 years (diagnosed), 13.0 years (report), 15 kg (weight), 102 cm (height), Iranian

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: Parents are consanguineous

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001249, HP:0001999, HP:0000943, HP:0001387, HP:0100790, HP:0000365, HP:0000238 (Mental Retardation, Facial Dysmorphic Features, Multiple Dysostosis, Joint Stiffness, Hernia, Deafness, Hydrocephalus)

      CaseHPOFreeText: HM/HSM, Chronic Rhinorrhea

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0007957 (Corneal Capacity)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Cardiac Manifestations

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity 1.3 (μmol/spot.20h)

      CaseUrineGAGs: Quantitative urinary GAG 11.54 (mg/gCr)

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Sanger Sequencing

      Variant1: p.D301E

      Variant2: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

  3. watermark.silverchair.com watermark.silverchair.com
    1. Case#: No additional case information provided.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.653T>C (p.L218P)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 222995

      Variant1CAID: CA356986

      Variant2: c.653T>C (p.L218P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 222995

      Variant2CAID: CA356986

      AdditionalVariants: In the paper an additional variant is listed on the same allele as "G387 + 6c->t". It seems that the current nomenclature for this variant is "c.299+6C>T". This variant is classified as benign by the LD VCEP.

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Pt3

      Case#: Pt3, Male, 38 months (diagnosis), 4 months (onset)

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler Syndrome

      FamilyInfo: N/A Pedigree (Figure 4Pt3)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000280, HP:0007957, HP:0001387, HP:0001654, HP:0100814, (Coarse face, Cornea clouding, Joint stiffness, Valvular heart disease, Dermal melanocytosis)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Spinal Deformation, Inguinal or Umbilical hernia

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001433 (Hepatosplenomegaly)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Long bone deformation

      CaseEnzymeAssay: α-L-iduronidase 0.13 (dried blood spots, normal >1.32 µM/h)

      CaseUrineGAGs: Urine heparan sulfate 8.18 (mg/mmol creatinine) {<0.76}

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      GenotypingMethod: Not Provided.

      Variant1: c.1190-10C>A

      Variant1ClinVarID: 950888

      Variant1CAID: CA1139658405

      Variant2: c.1046A>G

      Variant2ClinVarID: 950889

      Variant2CAID: CA2802173

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: Both parents are homozygous for not having the c.1190-10C>A and c.1046A>G variants (figure 4 Pt3)

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

    1. A second patient

      Case#: Second patient

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS-I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.299+6C>T

      Variant1ClinVarID: 92640

      Variant1CAID: CA145880

      Variant2: c.653T>C (p.L218P)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 222995

      Variant2CAID: CA356986

      AdditionalVariants: c.1205G>A (p.W402X), ClinVarID: 11908, CAID:CA220498

      ParentalGenotype: Parental studies demonstrated that the c.299+6C>T and p.L218P changes are in cis.

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. splicing mutations

      Case#: Patient 81, Turkey

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.494-1G>A

      Variant1ClinVarID: 557942

      Variant1CAID: CA355961634

      Variant2: c.494-1G>A

      Variant2ClinVarID: 557942

      Variant2CAID: CA355961634

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    2. distinct mutant IDUA alleles

      Case#: Patient 44, Poland

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.793G>C (p.G265R)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 638074

      Variant2CAID: CA2802098

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    3. distinct mutant IDUA alleles

      Case#: Patient 90, Turkey, patient belong to the same geographical region as patients 86, 92, and 98

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: Parents belong to the same village

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.494-1G>A

      Variant1ClinVarID: 557942

      Variant1CAID: CA355961634

      Variant2: c.494-1G>A

      Variant2ClinVarID: 557942

      Variant2CAID: CA355961634

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 1/M

      Case#: Patient 1, male, Russian

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Severe intellectual disability, corneal clouding, skeletal deformities, hepatosplenomegaly (HP:0010864, HP:0007957, HP:0000924, HP:0001433)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 4.5 nmol/mg/h (reference range 135 ± 57 nmol/mg/h)

      CaseUrineGAGs: 42.9 mg GAG/mmol/creatinine (reference range 6.17 ± 3.79 mg GAG/mmol creatinine)

      CaseERT: No

      CaseBMT: No

      Variant1: c.208C>T (p.Q70X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11909

      Variant1CAID: CA204563

      Variant2: c.974insACCCCCATTTAC (p.Thr293_Tyr296dup) - in ClinVar this variant is listed as c.878_889dup12.

      Variant2ClinVarID: 550382

      Variant2CAID: CA2802114

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 30

      Case#: Patient 30 (Table 3)

      DiseaseAssertion: Severe naïve MPS 1

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 23 nmol/h/mg per DBS (dried blood spots) determined during NBS

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: Yes

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA2204098

      Variant2: c.1524+1G>T

      Variant2ClinVarID: 555169

      Variant2CAID: CA355964830

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. patient 2662

      Case#: Patient 2662, northern European origin, 11 years old (age of diagnosis), 22 years old (age at report), male, attended special schools until 15 years old, has not attained the ability to read and write, and has an increasingly poor memory.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS-1H/S, intermediate

      FamilyInfo: Two affected younger sisters with MPS1 who presumably have the same R89Q/1060+2t-*-c genotype. he youngest sister died of bronchopneumonia at 22 mo of age. His second sister presented at 2 years and 6 mo of age with good general health, apart from upper respiratory tract infection, coarse facial features, enlarged liver and spleen, and limitation of elbow extension. This sister is now 20 years of age, has coarse facial features and joint limitations, is obese, and has a short stature. She is "bright" and able to live in her own flat with visiting help.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Intellectual disability, memory impairment, limited motor development, severe joint contractures, short stature, obesity, macrocephaly, coarse facial features, hearing impairment, visual impairment (HP:0001249, HP:0002354, HP:0002194, HP:0002828, HP:0004322, HP:0001513, HP:0000256, HP:0000280, HP:0000365, HP:0000505)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: Fibroblasts with two monoclonal antibodies detected 7%-10% of the normal levels of IDUA protein compared with only 1.5% of IDUA protein in a R89Q/W402X compound heterozygote

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.266G>A (p.R89Q)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11922

      Variant1CAID: CA256124

      Variant2: c.972+2T>C (1060+2T>C)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: CA355962890

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. exon 7 (Gln310-->Ter)

      Case#: Bach Patient D2, Israel, Druze

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS I, Hurler

      FamilyInfo: parents are het carriers

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: Severe disease described as: "manifested from late infancy by dysostosis multiplex, coarse facies, corneal opacities, cardiovascular disease, hepatosplenomegaly, joint stiffness, and mental retardation; death usually occurs in the first decade of life." However, no specific information provided about proband. Level of mRNA in patient fibroblasts was half that of the normal control after normalization for beta-actin

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      GenotypingMethod: PCR amplification of reverse-transcribed RNA or genomic DNA segments, cycle sequencing of PCR products, and restriction-enzyme analysis

      PreviouslyPublished: preliminary account of this data summarized in a previous abstract: PMID: 8477267

      Variant: Gln310Ter homozygous

      CAID: CA256115

      SupplementalData: n/a

    1. I

      Case#: Patient I, origin of patient is Germany/Italy

      DiseaseAssertion: Hurler syndrome (H)

      FamilyInfo: No family information stated in this paper

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0 nmol/mghour IDUA enzyme activity in patient. Reference range of IDUA enzyme is 0.27 - 9.00 nmol/mghour. These results obtained from leucocyte

      CaseUrineGAGs: Information not stated in this paper

      CaseERT: Don't know

      CaseBMT: Don't know

      Variant1: c.973‐7C>G

      Variant1ClinVarID:

      Variant1CAID: CA2586965950

      Variant2: Not identified in this study

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: No additional variants mentioned

      ParentalGenotype: No parental information provided

      PreviouslyPublished: States that this variant is reported in this paper for the first time, therefore I do not believe the patient has been previously published

    1. 14

      Case#: Patient 14, male, 10 years (age at presentation).

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS1-H/S

      FamilyInfo: Consanguinity in the family not present for this patient.

      CasePresentingHPOs: Corneal clouding, coarse facial features, dystosis multiplex, hepatomegaly, joint contractures, short stature (HP:0007957, HP:0000256, HP:0000943, HP:0002240, HP:0100790, HP:0004322)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.158+5delinsAA

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: CA2586973515

      Variant2: c.895G>T (p.E299X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 987878

      Variant2CAID: CA355962511

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: Father was a carrier for c.158+5delGClinsAA (also written as c.158+5delinsAA); mother was a carrier for c.895G>T

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 4

      Case#: Infant 4

      DiseaseAssertion: N/A

      FamilyInfo: Has an older sibling who is asymptomatic, has normal urine GAGs, and shares the same genotype.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: 0.2 nmol/h/mg; normal range, 6-71.4 nmol/h/mg

      CaseUrineGAGs: 18.61 mg/mmol creatinine; normal ranges, 0-53 mg/mmol creatinine. Heparan sulfate was slightly elevated at 7.46 g/mol creatinine (normal, 0-5.71 g/mol creatinine) in 2 separate specimens.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.720C>G (p.H240Q)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1011483

      Variant1CAID: CA355962130

      Variant2: c.1112T>A (p.V371D)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 1470032

      Variant2CAID: CA355963356

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: c.720C>G (maternal); c.1112T>A (paternal)

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 4

      Case#: Patient 4 was biochemically diagnosed with MPS I because they showed an increase in urinary GAGs and a reduction in IDUA activity in leukocytes. Patient 4 was diagnosed at 2 years and 7 months.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPSI-H/S

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: Coarse facies, corneal clouding, hernias, skeletal abnormalities, cardiac abnormalities, and hepatosplenomegaly (HP:0000256, HP:0007957, HP:0100790, HP:0002360, HP:0001627, HP:0001433)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: Intellectual disability, growth delay (HP:0001249, HP:0001510)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: IDUA activity of 6.5 nmol/mg/protein/hr. No reference range provided.

      CaseUrineGAGs: 202.8 CPC unit/g creatinine. No reference range provided.

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: N/A

      Variant1: c.236C>T (p.A79V)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 1458769

      Variant1CAID: CA356987

      Variant2: c.1882C>T (p.R628X)

      Variant2ClinVarID: 550421

      Variant2CAID: CA2802462

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. 5

      Case#: Patient No. 5 (Table 1), Black race, male, 2.84 years old (age at time of gene therapy), 77 IQ score, 2.18 years since gene therapy (2 years since latest visit). An acute hypersensitivity reaction that occurred in Patient 5 on day 12 after HSPC gene therapy and concomitantly to a first administration of vancomycin was considered by the investigators to be probably related to HSPC gene therapy. The event resolved promptly after treatment with antihistamines, intravenous fluids, and glucocorticoids, with no sequelae.

      DiseaseAssertion: MPS-IH

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: N/A

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Yes

      Variant1: c.1205G>A (p.W402X)

      Variant1ClinVarID: 11908

      Variant1CAID: CA220498

      Variant2: c.1409delT (p.V470AfsX?)

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Case#: CA-106 ID number, Table S1.1 of Supplementary Material. Male, 5 months old (age at first symptoms), 6.5 months old (age at diagnosis). Stored frozen (-20ºC) 1.3 yr

      DiseaseAssertion: Severe MPS-I

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bump on back, chronic breathing problems, moderate-severe hearing loss.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseEnzymeAssay: N/A

      CaseUrineGAGs: 1351 fmol/punch

      CaseERT: N/A

      CaseBMT: Yes - In April 2018

      Variant1: N/A

      Variant1ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant1CAID: N/A

      Variant2: N/A

      Variant2ClinVarID: N/A

      Variant2CAID: N/A

      AdditionalVariants: N/A

      ParentalGenotype: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished N/A

    1. Mucopolysaccharidosis type I newborn screening: Importance of second tier testing for ethnically diverse populations Kerri Bosfield,  Kerri Bosfield orcid.org/0000-0001-5135-3779 Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USASearch for more papers by this authorDebra S. Regier,  Corresponding Author Debra S. Regier dregier@childrensnational.org orcid.org/0000-0001-7525-0088 Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USA Correspondence Debra S. Regier, Children's National Hospital, 111 Michigan Ave NW, Washington, DC 20010, USA. Email: dregier@childrensnational.orgSearch for more papers by this authorSarah Viall,  Sarah Viall Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USASearch for more papers by this authorRebecca Hicks,  Rebecca Hicks Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USASearch for more papers by this authorNatasha Shur,  Natasha Shur orcid.org/0000-0003-1336-747X Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USASearch for more papers by this authorChristina L. Grant,  Christina L. Grant Children's National Hospital, Washington, DC, USASearch for more papers by this author

      PMID: 33098355

      Gene: IDUA

      Disease: MPS1

      Inheritance: Autosomal recessive