for - adjacency - intelligence - testing William James definition of inteligence - Picasso tadpole - artificially mixed up initial tadpole embryo state - to normal frog state - collective intelligence has problem-soving ability that chooses a different pathway to achieve the same goal

for - definition - intelligence - William James - The ability to reach the same goal by different means - adjacency - intelligence - goals

observation - by this definition, goals are intrinsic to life itself

Kurutz, Steven. “Now You Can Read the Classics With A.I.-Powered Expert Guides.” The New York Times, June 13, 2024, sec. Style. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/13/style/now-you-can-read-the-classics-with-ai-powered-expert-guides.html.

• for: paper overview, paper overview - the computational boundary of a self

• paper overview

  • motivated by 2018 Templeton Foundation conference to present idea on unconventional and diverse intelligence

  • Levin was interested in any conceivable type of cognitive system and was interested in find a way to universally characterize them all

    • how are they detected
    • how to understand them
    • how to relate to them and
    • how to create them

  • Levin had been thinking about this for years

  • Levin adopts a cybernetic definition of intelligence proposed by William James that focuses on the competency to reach a defined goal by different paths
  • Navigation plays a critical role in this defiinition.