6,999 Matching Annotations
  1. Feb 2019
    1. dainty

      Definition: Delicately small and pretty.

    2. Of their love and content the minstrel wrought this Lay

      Marie does a great job of putting the reader through suspense, especially when it seems that the son and father are going to fight to the death. It is also interesting that Marie allows the story to end on a good note given that Milon and his lady did everything incorrectly, or rather in a fashion that was frowned upon.

    3. The King commanded that this should be done, and looking upon her eyes, not one of the judges but was persuaded that her favour exceeded that of the Queen.

      I can feel the heat dissipating off the Mythical Queen's cherry red cheeks.

    4. would not be worthy of his blood

      He would not be worthy of is own family if they are using the blood as in family blood

    5. Milon’s love was tender as her own.

      Awww, its like they were made for each-other.

    6. .

      I thought this reading was very good. it took me back to the movie with king author or was a tv show. i don't remember but it was cool and interesting. The knights where very skilled and cool. though this read was a very different i found it ti be exciting.

    7. But Launfal answered very simply that never before had he seen these damsels with his eyes, nor known and loved them in his heart.

      He has now had two opportunities in which he could have claimed that one of the maidens that had entered was the friend that he had referred to, especially since they were very obviously "fairer" then the queen.

    8. When the lady heard of her lover’s purpose, she thanked him for his courtesy, for greatly was his counsel to her mind

      Reading that I want to say she took it well but I feel like deep down shes like you could do better.

    9. Spanish mules

      I wonder if there is any significant difference between a small horse and Spanish mules

    10. .

      Boy howdy, if you were ever looking for a saucy story about love and hate, and all the other stuff in between. Overall I think this was a pretty okay story would probably read it again when Im like wanting to pass out. Overall soild 7/10

    11. This gift the King granted gladly

      Zero hesitation

    12. He was not slow to take up the Queen’s glove,

      he took the queens hand

    13. squire

      a man of high social standing who owns and lives on an estate in a rural area, especially the chief landowner in such an area.

    14. richly, than the Queen

      where is she shopping to be richer than the Queen.

    15. none complains of Launfal, save only the King.

      Just a reminder that King Arthur does not like Launfal one bit.

    16. Had any man slain him on the road, he would have counted him his friend.

      Buddy was desperate. Seems that his entire world came crumbling down and saw now escape in sight.

    17. she and three ladies of her fellowship

      Sisters of the Pants and the fellowship, bad lord of the ring reference.

    18. righted this bitter wrong.

      Knowing that she was the one that approached Launfal and was rejected, she wanted to leave no chance for Launfal to be able to defend himself.

    19. him whom so fondly she desired to love

      Will this prove that all guys in history are and always will be as the kids say "thirsty"

    20. The knight came before the bed, and stood gazing on so sweet a sight

      Well with all this talk about her. The King better have a sweet sight.

    21. her throat and the rondure of her bosom showed whiter and more untouched than hawthorn in May

      Some saucy text going on here, talking about butts lewd. woo wee.

    22. as became her breeding

      Interesting word choice...

    23. Their love was fair to see,

      I find it peculiar that the son isn't bitter and confused or asking any questions. Maybe it's the time period but the author only has him express joy.

    24. Knights of the Round Table

      They were the best knights in King Arthur's kingdom, and lived in King Arthur's castle,

    25. hauberk

      a piece of armor originally covering only the neck and shoulders but later consisting of a full-length coat of mail or military tunic.

    26. since the Picts

      were a confederation of peoples who lived in what is today eastern and northern Scotland during the Late Iron Age and Early Medieval periods.

    27. varlet

      a man or boy acting as an attendant or servant.

    28. They caused the swan to fast for three days,

      Why do they starve the swan?

    29. if her love was to his mind, sweetly would it be to her heart.

      In this and the Launfal story the maidens fall in love with a knight based solely on his reputation without even meeting him.

    30. ending all this trouble with his knife.

      Is he contemplating suicide here?

    31. save only on one.

      Why does King Arthur not like Sir Launfal? Is he jealous? It's strange that everyone likes him except the King.

    32. Pentecost

      so both of these stories take place in the same time frame?

    33. let his life run waste to Death.

      me too man...me too

    34. alms

      definition: money or food given to poor people.

    35. she came at will and pleasure

      She kinda sounds like complicated prostitute to be honest

    36. ermine

      Definition: Any of several weasels whose coats become white in winter usually with black on the tip of the tail

    37. altar lily

      White lilies symbolize chastity and virtue Pink stargazer lilies represent wealth and prosperity. The flowers are also often associated with funerals, lilies symbolize that the soul of the departed has received restored innocence after death.

      However, I couldn't find anything about the alter part.

    38. misease

      definition: lack of ease. ie. discomfort, disstress

    1. .

      This story is like a play made in to a paper story. So much dialogue and so much unneeded stuff. I felt spoiled by Beowulf, like gosh compared to each other Beo had better characters and even though it was dense it was manageable, but this is just a headache to me.

    2. Tristan slept in the King’s chamber with his peers

      All I can see in this is like Tristan and his peers just actin like its a sleepover.

    3. When the song ended, the King was silent a long space

      This just makes a good scene in my head. Kinda like siting in a class that you dont like.

    4. Frocin the Dwarf; for he knows the seven arts, and magic and every kind of charm.

      Geez he sounds so overpowered, like he knows the seven arts and magic, and every kind of charm. Like what can't he do,

    5. faëry

      Magical

    6. At his leisure and his dalliance, night and day: for he slept in the King’s chamber as great lords do

      Where are else are you gonna sleep the ground ?

    7. Iseult lived as a queen, but lived in sadness.

      I feel like this is a feeling that many of had.

    8. seizin

      possession, especially of land.

    9. Two days she watched them, seeing them refuse all food or comfort and seeking each other as blind men seek

      I see we are taking the silent treatment, but hey to each their own.

    10. Then Tristan showed the dragon’s tongue and offered the seneschal battle

      That's pretty metal to just show up the with a dragon's tongue.

    11. Father, first give me the kiss of peace and forgiveness, as a sign that you will give him the same.

      Man getting greedy with two kisses, gosh gee are you just fancy.

    12. seneschal

      the steward or major-domo of a medieval great house

    13. Daily it leaves its den and stands at one of the gates of the city

      I feel like you are just wasting your time, doing that on the daily.

    14. For seven days and seven nights the sea so drew him; at times to charm his grief, he harped;

      Sad boy for seven days and nights must have been the big sad.

    15. They told the marvel to King Mark, and he forbade them to cut the briar any more.

      The King finally had closure. The fact that these roots kept finding each other can not be some mere coincidence. It seems that the two should have died very early on, and would have done so with little pain. But in chasing their love all they seemed to attract was grief.

    16. Then the King cried: “Nephew! nephew! for God’s sake wait awhile,” but Tristan had fled and joined his squire, and mounted rapidly. Gorvenal said to him:

      Tristan talks so much about King Mark being at least somewhat understanding and caring for him since Tristan has been loyal to him for a long time. Yet despise all of this, he never gives King Mark a chance at giving him a second chance or even trying to understand him. This is akin to giving up before even having failed

    17. ardent briar, sharp-thorned but with flower most sweet smelling, drave roots into his blood and laced the lovely body of Iseult all round about it and bound it to his own and to his every thought and desire.

      This is what love must be like according to the author. A sweet smelling yet sharp-thorned flower must be the perfect way of describing love. Painful but at the same time so pleasant to the senses. It's more than just a thought, it becomes a literal part of your being.

    18. Hair of Gold

      This implies that his wife will be a treasure or possession that he must have.

    19. shining like a beam of light.

      This scenario seems to make the delivery of the hair as if it was a message from God. King Mark is so "mighty" that only a higher power can help him make his decision.

    20. I thought this story was very well written. It has a lot of fantasy elements like dragons, hermits, and love potions. It reminds me of Lord of the Rings. Shakespeare might have been inspired by this text to write Romeo and Juliet. I noticed similar themes. I felt challenged by the length of this assignment. I really liked it but it took a long time to get through.

    21. “Out of my land, and out of my peace, all of you! Tristan I exiled for you, and now go you in turn, out of my land!”

      Finally the king gets rid of these guys

    22. .

      This story was long AF but it was really good from the begging to the end. Tristan was i would say a humble person and tried helping other. The people loved him for the way he would just teach them new ways of doing things. He was no ordinary hero if that what you would like to call him. him not being able to find be with his loved one was said. I feel that as we read these stories it goes from killing dragons and people to a similar but nicer person then the others.

    23. philtres

      a drink supposed to arouse love and desire for a particular person in the drinker; a love potion.

    24. Iseult put down the sword and taking up the Coat of Arms she saw upon it the Hair of Gold and was silent a long space, till she kissed him on the lips to prove peace, and she put rich garments over him.

      I find it odd that with one speech she went from trying to kill him to kissing him on the lips.

    25. For seven days and seven nights

      Another reference to the number 7

    26. They always could stay near his couch because their love overcame their abhorrence.

      One of the themes of the story is that love is very powerful.

    27. .

      The begging. Tristan is turning out to be a great person and was then kidnapped a set a sail. He then began to find joy in trying to help others and by doing so he was moving up in ranks if you so.

    28. The barons also cherished him, and (as you shall learn) Dinas of Lidan, the seneschal, beyond all others. And more tenderly than the barons and than Dinas the King loved him. But Tristan could not forget, or Rohalt his father, or his master Gorvenal, or the land of Lyonesse.

      Tristan loved being treated well and living some what like a king but he could not forget his home.

    29. For our joy did you come to this roof, stay near us a long time, friend.”

      The music was so good that he wants him to stay forever until his death.

    30. take this harp and show your skill.”

      The king wants the boy to play a song of his home land

    31. Tintagel.”

      is a civil parish and village situated

    32. will follow you gladly and teach you other crafts of venery.”

      Venery meaning- sexual indulgence. Thats funny i wonder what he teach him next.

    33. I left his home unbeknownst upon a ship that trafficked to a far place,

      He was kidnapped and sold by the sea

    34. The pack and the hunt streamed after it with a tumult of cries and winding horns

      A battle cry of some sort.

    35. that the sea will hardly bear a felon ship, and gives no aid to rapine

      the violent seizure of someone's property. The sea will take any boat apart.

    36. When seven years were passed and the time had come to take the child from the women,

      I used to read a lot about medieval knight training, and from what I read, they started training at the age of 7, then after 7 years of training, at the age of 14 they would go out and help fight with the knight that was training them. Then after 7 more years with enough experience they would be eligible to be knighted at the age of 21. The reason why they did it every 7 years was because it was biblical number and they thought 7 was a holy number.

    37. “Fool-hardy was never hardy,”

      meaning "brave" or "bold." Put them together and you've got “foolishly brave.”

    38. Tristan; that is the child of sadness.”

      She named a child after sadness. That is weird.

    39. After she had said these words she kissed him, and immediately when she had kissed him she died.

      Tristan's tragedy with Iseult mirrors his parents' tragic love story.

    40. My lords, if you would hear a high tale of love and of death, here is that of Tristan and Queen Iseult; how to their full joy, but to their sorrow also, they loved each other, and how at last they died of that love together upon one day; she by him and he by her.

      I find it surprising that the first paragraph gives away the essence of the story. Just by reading this we already know that they are going to die due to their love.

    41. The writing is easier to read and more poetic and isn’t geared to just young men. I can see the story being popular with everyone and relatable in an inert desire for companionship or love. The tragedy of not being allowed to be with each other made their love stronger, as having to plan crazy ways to meet brought never ending excitement.

    42. “Friend.” And then she whispered to him, lower still “Stumble you upon the sand.”

      This interaction made it clear that the pilgrim was Tristan in disguise and the Queen, being sharp witted, realized it. They showed that they don't forget each other so easily and Tristan will still take risks to see her.

    43. because between them was the naked blade

      It was a form of abstinence between them, as they were of Christian views. Even though they loved each other dearly, they refused to lay with each other, as she was still married under Roman Law. This act saved them from he Kings wrath and showed that he was still compassionate.

    44. Iseult, God has worked a miracle for you, for He is compassionate and will not hurt the innocent in heart

      Brangien believes that the love they share is not their fault. By carelessness, she gave them the love potion that Iseult's mother made and has been trying to keep them alive. Such as the myth of love birds dying when separated. That night they were lucky that Tristan realized that the king was there and quickly changed the reason for his visit. With a sharp wit, the Queen as well and played along with his story.

    45. Well then, come Death.

      I don't believe the drink made them fall in love for each other, but lends itself to foreshadow the tragedy that would befall them. Tristan, knowing well that she is to be the kings wife, it would be treason to have an affair. During these times, it would mean death to both parties, if it was to be discovered. This statement makes it clear that they know it will be their inevitable death.

    46. Fool-hardy was never hardy

      Rushing in to more danger is not considered bravery.

    1. The epic tale of Beowulf ended in an honorable tragedy, with the tale reaching its climactic end of Beowulf. The story was well paced with his exploits and how he was endeared by his people and feared by his enemies. During this time, I can see how an ethical code of a warlord, chieftain or jarl was starting to shift and develop. Pillaging and killing one another leads to unending bloodshed and destroys the land and each other. But great strength and wisdom is a greater source of wealth and stronger deterrent of warring neighbors.

    2. The Geat people built a pyre for Beowulf, Stacked and decked it until it stood four-square, Hung with helmets, heavy war-shields And shining armor, just as he had ordered.

      He wanted his body burned once he died. He died fighting a dragon. How could he have not known that he would die or at the very least be severely wounded in the fight against the dragon. Beowulf reminds me of most older people. They think themselves just as invincible as when they were young. Even though people grow old in wisdom they tend to ignore that knowledge and just go with their gut or emotions. To me, that is what this 3rd part is about. Humans are flawed no matter how perfect or invincible they may seem to be.

    3. grave cost

      cool double meaning

    4. From the young warrior to the ones who had been cowards.

      Showing leadership, he seems ready to replace Beowulf or at least begin to follow in his battle footsteps.

    5. Never again would he glitter and glide And show himself off in midnight air,

      The dragon seems so majestic and beautiful now that it is dying and coming to its end.

    6. Through the life they had been lent.

      This is a powerful reminder of life and the fact that you are living on borrowed time. Even though the treasure had been won, it came with a steep price.

    7. He fell, death-pale: his feud-calloused hand Could not stave off the fatal stroke.

      No matter how bad he wanted to avenge the death he simply was not able to do it. In a society where revenge is seen as necessary he was still able to reason and make sense of the rashness of the decision that he was about to make. The mind will almost always lean towards reason and compassion.

    8. Was mortally rewarded with wounds from a sword.

      This is just a great line. Being rewarded with wounds from a sword does not sound like much of a reward. Then again, i guess its kind of like getting spanked as a kid and your parents telling you at the same time that you should be thankful

    9. Deserted and alone, lamenting his unhappiness

      It seems that he has been suffering for a long time but has only now realized it himself. He more so laments more so what has lead to the unhappiness rather than unhappiness itself.

    10. His spirit did not break and the ancestral blade Would keep its edge, as the dragon discovered As soon as they came together in combat.

      Wiglaf mustered the strength within his men and himself to stand by Beowulf. This showed an internal strength that he had. It was exemplified in the representation of his ancestral sword and the foreshadowed fate of the sword and dragon. The passage portrayed his spirit as tempered and sharp, for the passages that followed rallied even Beowulf.

    11. .

      Well at least its over. The same thing applies to the one about 1 & 2 its so dense it is meant to be told and not read like we talked about in class, reading it hurt but hey it was a solid read overall.

    12. Beowulf was foiled Of a glorious victory. The glittering sword, Infallible before that day, Failed when he unsheathed it, as it never should have.

      The sword he was using was not able to cut and do enough damage to the dragon. Its one purpose is to cleave and sunder, but it was failing to do so. Causing Beowulf to be denied of victory.

    13. His whole strength behind a sword-stroke And connected with the skull. And Naegling snapped.

      All I see in this is like Mortal Kombat fatality just a brutal neck snap. Like oof ow that's gonna leave a mark or death, probably death.

    14. Yet his shield defended

      Holy gee, who ever made that shield needs a promotion. Making a shield that survives a dragon and it;s attack.

    15. He was destined to face the end of his days In this mortal world; as was the dragon,

      I find this passage interesting. He had already lived and ruled for fifty years and is a much older man in his grey years. But even so, he prepared for his last stand. The writing, positions Beowulf as to already coming to terms with his mortality. At such an age, facing a fierce dragon would be viewed as reckless, but he anguished over the loss of his home and the home of his people. This puts it into light that he is fully committed into taking down the dragon. For there no greater honor, than to die in battle and enter the halls of Valhalla.

    16. Many a skirmish I survived when I was young And many times of war; I remember them well. At seven, I was fostered out by my father, Left in the charge of my people’s lord.

      Some inspiring words, I'm sure that kids when they listen to this story when it was spoke they probably wanted to be like Beowulf, kinda like superman in a sense.

    17. The veteran king sat down on the cliff-top. He wished good luck to the Geats who had shared His hearth and his gold. He was sad at heart,

      Like bro needs a chill pill after all this battling and party wrecking. I shed tear for the veteran king.

    18. To dominate the dark, a dragon on the prowl

      This so grim stuff right there, like such a vivid image.

    19. It was no trouble To hurry to work and haul out 3130 The priceless store.

      Why are they taking cursed treasure? Do they not know that it's cursed?

    20. The high-born chiefs who had buried the treasure Declared it until doomsday so accursed 3070 That whoever robbed it would be guilty of wrong And grimly punished for their transgression, Hasped in hell-bonds in heathen shrines.

      This is a powerful description.

    21. That huge cache, gold inherited From an ancient race, was under a spell–

      Who was this ancient race that had all this treasure and why was it under a spell?

    22. The whole troop Rose in tears,

      This description demonstrates the depth of love and respect that Beowulf's men had for him.

    23. The wise man thought he must have thwarted Ancient ordinance of the eternal Lord, 2330 Broken His commandment.

      The people at that time believed that if something bad happened that it meant that they had sinned and were being punished.

    24. desperation

      It's interesting that the author describes the thief as desperate as opposed to greedy.

    25. I think Beowulf is an epic tale that has inspired many other works of fiction.I think the author most wants the reader to know that God is in control of man's fate. One question I have is what is the fate of these people after Beowulf's death. How are they going to handle things without him since he was a strong leader?

    1. He was formidable in battle yet behaved with honor

      They valued honor in addition to bravery.

    2. Do not give way to pride

      Here the king praises Beowulf, but also strongly warns him against taking too much pride in his accomplishments.

    3. Meanwhile, the sword Began to wilt into gory icicles, To slather and thaw. It was a wonderful thing, The way it all melted as ice melts When the father eases the fetters off the frost And unravels the water-ropes. He who wields power 1610 Over time and tide: He is the true Lord.

      Is this supposed to be literal? Is the sword actually melting?

    4. might of his

      Beowulf knows that his glory will be greater if he fights the monster with bare hands rather than a sword.

    5. brehon

      Judges in ancient and medieval Ireland

    6. Ambushed him at rest.

      Everyone was finally relaxed after Grendel's defeat. Grendel's mother's attack was a complete surprise.

    7. God’s will prevails

      This statement shows that the people of that time believed that their fate was in God's hands rather than in the mortal plane.

    8. hasped and hooped and hirpling

      alliteration

    9. First and foremost, let the Almighty Father Be thanked for this sight. I suffered a long Harrowing by Grendel.

      It's interesting how the king first thanks God before Beowulf, and gives the glory to God, instead of giving credit to Beowulf. When he does praise Beowulf, he says that it was only with "the Lord's assistance" that Beowulf won.

    10. fatally hurt,

      I find it odd how the killing of Grendel happens out of nowhere, and it doesn't really describe what happened until much later in the story.

    11. He has no ideas of the arts of war, Of shield or sword-play, though he does possess A wild strength

      Beowulf knows that Grendel is much stronger than him, but his knowledge in the arts of warfare gives him confidence as he prepares to fight. He has to rely on more than just brute strength, but has to use strategy to fight him.

    12. wisdom And the temper of his mind

      In addition to courage and bravery, the people at this time also valued wisdom and a clear head.

    13. graith

      1 chiefly Scottish : equipment or apparel : accouterments for work, traveling, or war : gear. 2 : possessions, wealth.

    14. hawser

      a thick rope or cable for mooring or towing a ship

    15. giants

      I think that the giants that are referred to here are the Nephilim mentioned in the book of Genesis.

    16. crossed over

      This statement demonstrates that the people at that time thought about death as a transition rather than an ending. This probably gave them courage to fight to the death.

    17. courage and greatness.

      The poem starts off talking about courage and greatness, which shows that those traits were important at that time.

    18. Similarly, the ties of kinship and clan speak to the importance of communal life during this time as an antidote to solitude and protection against certain death

      It's interesting that they valued community whereas in modern life, it's the opposite. We are more isolated and lack kinship and community.

    19. This came across to me as a story of having the pride it takes to be a great hero, but the humility to respect the strength and power you have. Near the end of the story, it was mentioned how Beowolf brought joy and strength to the people. Instead of others in power who bring destruction and turmoil to those around them. Beowolf has a deep contrast compared to Cuchulainn, were Beowolf is praised for his strength, wisdom, controlled temper and using his power to bring joy. While Cuchulainn was more about taking dominion and overpowering people into submission. Cuchulainn was the idea of do whatever it takes to get what you want, and you will be famous. In my opinion Beowolf did what he wanted and became famous without leaving a sea destruction and fear in his wake compared to Cuchulainn.

    20. I was told that this story was going to be similar to a Viking warrior tale, but come to find out, it's actually about biblical values.

      The author wants the reader to know about a legendary warrior named Beowulf, who fended off the demonic forces of that time. However, the story is not necessarily focused on Beowulf. It is focused on the achievement of God, and Beowulf is just an instrument.

      I felt challenged by the obscure vocabulary, and also how the author puts some of the details later in the story, as opposed to when they actually occur in the narrative. For example, when Beowulf kills Grendel, it's described simply with no details, and it's not until later in the text that the reader gets the details, when Beowulf is describing it to someone.

    21. hedge of spears

      This is a saying for a border of protection, much like shrub hedges or fencing would surround a property to protect it.

    22. O flower of warriors, beware of that trap. Choose, dear Beowulf, the better part, Eternal rewards. Do not give way to pride

      Beowolf is a prideful warrior, but he takes pride in his accomplishments that uplift the people and those around him. Many warriors fall into the trap of having pride that is selfish to themselves, which brings no value to the people.

    23. And be the man I expect you to be.

      It's interesting to see that Beowolf is telling the King to stop crying. He needs to act dignified and do what needs to be done to avenge his friend. This would have gotten anyone else in deep trouble, but Beowolf has proven himself as a mighty hero with great influence. So, the king thanks him for getting his act together.

    24. Comeback and armlock

      This is a wrestling move that the defender would counter by swinging around the opponent and place them in an extremely painful arm lock. Depending on the manner on how it was performed, it can dislocate joints and/or break the arm. This can be extremely debilitating move and can transition into other deadlier life-threatening holds.

      The passage continues to reinforce the extreme agony Grendel was experiencing, brought on by Beowolf's counters. This also reinforces the earlier passage on how Beowolf viewed Grendel as a wild beast and not a skilled combatant.

    25. Be on your mettle now, keep in mind your fame

      This passage suggests a reminder to keep his wits. Grendel has killed many of his best men and is described as a fearsome wraith and has left gore and mutilation behind in the mead hall. Fear can grip a man when faced with such terrifying unknown, but I believe he knew that Beowolf was a proud man. His fame and past great feats of strength should help him keep his nerve.

    26. he grabbed thirty men From their resting places and rushed to his lair,

      He really was a demon 30 people like geez that's like a a whole village.

    27. Of a gem-studded sword in the Geat treasury. This he laid on Beowulf’s lap

      I hope this is just for show becasue that would seem uncomfortable to use.

    28. .

      This story at least this half of it is DENSE. Like wow wee gee I love the amount of detail but did they find it necessary to have every little bit about everything. I love all the heroics and the tales but wow its it dense with the wording. I feel like you could skip half of this and beowulf is gonna recap you like its dragon ball z. I liked it overall.

    29. my awesome strength. They had seen me boltered in the blood of enemies When I battled and bound five beasts, 420 Raided a troll-nest and in the night-sea Slaughtered sea-brutes. I have suffered extremes And avenged the Geats (their enemies brought it Upon themselves, I devastated them).

      He really had to talk about all the things he has done tough out his life.

    30. Their mail-shirts glinted, Hard and hand-linked; the high-gloss iron

      This is just some nice detail. They really liked to give out the details.

    31. His kindness Watch over your exploits.

      Well at least they know that they are exploiting in these battles.

    32. What kind of men are you who arrive Rigged out for combat in coats of mail, Sailing here over the sea lanes In your steep-hulled boat

      Why ask this question of morality when you are the path to war. Is it trying to give them more of heroic/ human feeling or ask are they the savages ?

    33. So that troubled time continued, woe That never stopped, steady affliction 190 For Halfdane’s son, too hard an ordeal. There was panic after dark, people endured Raids in the night, riven by terror.

      This is gives me a very grim picture of what is happening during Grendel's rule.

    34. For twelve winters, seasons of woe,

      Is it me or did he not rule for very long, 12 years seems kinda short but I don't know the average amount of time for kings in this time.

    35. Malignant

      means,malevolent.

    36. .

      Apart . Beowulf reminds me of a good hero in most story's of how he i slaying the demons and of his past of how he was raised. His fighting and always with a group or sometimes alone. it was a good reading and somewhat different in the movie.

    37. A gleaming plain girdled with waters; In His splendour He set the sun and moon To be earth’s lamplight, lanterns for men,

      Surprising that this early in literature we have some amazing imagery and world building to give us an idea how people of the past see the world.

    38. .

      Apart 1. The story is really getting good with Beowulf and his group traveling across the seas to fight a demon named Grendel that was killing people at night and taking them back to his cave. When Beowulf team arrives they go to meet the king of the land and the king already knows why they are there. Reading the first part takes me back to the movie and when he fights the demon and they fight for a while until it is finally dead.

    39. Its gables wide and high and awaiting

      A gables is the part of a wall that encloses the end of a pitched roof. This gives you a sense of scale of the hall of halls which is quite amazing.

    40. In the end each clan on the outlying coasts

      It's kind of like a viking Romeo and Juliet

    41. fare inland

      Head into the village

    42. gangplank,

      a movable bridge used in boarding or leaving a ship at a pier.

    43. a company of the best Asleep from their feasting, insensible to pain And human sorrow.

      To drunk to know pain and have any feelings

    44. anathema

      a formal curse by a pope or a council of the Church, excommunicating a person or denouncing a doctrine.

    45. Grendel

      Grendel is a man-eating demon (never a good sign) that lives in the land of the Spear-Danes and attacks King Hrothgar's mead-hall,

    46. quickened life

      Put to rest

    47. the killer instinct Unleashed among in-laws, the blood-lust rampant.

      A rampage of just killing for fun.

    48. took leave Of his life on earth.

      Took a break and went to be alone

    49. Who cast him away when he was a child And launched him alone out over the waves.

      As a child he was sent away with gifts and had to take care of himself

    50. prow rode

      the portion of a ship's bow above water.

    51. tholed

      endure (something) without complaint or resistance; tolerate.

    52. mead-benches

      the seat or bench at a Germanic feast.

    53. Shield Sheafson,

      Shield Sheafson is the leader of the Danes

    54. Knows for certain who salvaged that load.

      Wouldn't it be disrespectful to take someones funeral gold/treasures? Also wouldn't his boat have eventually sank rather then landed on some shore if it really was that loaded down with gold?

    55. With my own men to help me, and nobody else.

      He is well aware that the men of Hothgrar would be useless since they have failed to protect themselves up to this point. Also, he is so confident of his own strength that he does not need any extra help.

    56. thirty

      Hmmm, the same number of soldiers that Grendel was able to grab with one swoop. Could just be a coincidence.

    57. Nor have I seen A mightier man-at-arms on this earth Than the one standing here: unless I am mistaken, He is truly noble.

      He's like "you are trespassing!" and then backs down after having seen Beowulf and then asks who they are in the nicest way possible... lol

    58. Fair reparation from those rabid hands

      Anytime that someone was killed, the killer had to pay reparations to the family in order for the whole ordeal to be considered "resolved".

    59. insensible to pain And human sorrow

      It seems that Grendel resents them for not understanding the suffering that he is going through. He's even humanized.

    60. final reward.

      What was the final reward?

    61. quickened life

      Does this mean "made to die or decompose faster"?

  2. Jan 2019
    1. .

      The overall feeling I get is revenge. Grendel is seeking revenge for being part of Cain's curse. Beowulf is seeking to fulfill his fathers promise to Hrothgar. It keeps going on and on. Someone seeking to right someone else's wrong.

    2. But when dawn broke and day crept in Over each empty, blood-spattered bench,

      Hrothgar is showing Beowulf the hall. HE is remembering when the hall used to be filled with parties and laughter of his men as they drank and swore their allegiance to Heorot. Only now, it is just a blood stained reminder that Grendel has taken over the kingdom.

    1. The text felt to encourage youthful conquest and fame, but also how reckless youth can be to oneself and those around. After reading the story, it felt as though the charioteer (Ibor) was the joke and coward in the story. Ibor was the charioteer that was dragged into Cuchulainn childish desires. Throughout the story Ibor attempted to bring reason to Cuchulainn’s choices but was forced to go where Cuchulainn desired. During the story Ibor started to use his wits to keep himself alive and to stop Cuchulainn from killing innocent creatures. If Ibor didn’t stop him, he would have gone around killing creatures for more trophies. Cuchulainn’s story appears be about achieving glory through having Type A personality and Type B is taken for a ride without care by those who are. So, I can see the story being used to encourage Type A behaviors, during a time that was challenging to live in.

    2. Culann’s fierce guard-dog in self-defense and offered to take its place

      King Conchobar was invited to Culann's home for a feast. After his arrival, Culann had asked if there would be anyone else who would be arriving. But Conchobar stated that there was no one else and completely forgot about his nephew Setanta. So, when Setanta arrived he was greeted by Culann’s guard dog.

      The story states that this was by no means an ordinary guard dog. It’s said that it took 3 men to restrain the dog and it was vicious. As soon as the dog saw Setanta, it sprinted towards him with its ferocious teeth to attack and kill him. However, Sentanta quickly raised his hurley and thwacked his sliotar with such great force and perfect aim, that is ripped into its mouth and through the body. Killing Culann’s guard dog.

      Culann was relieved that Setanta was not injured, but saddened over the loss of his dog. Sentanta offered to protect his lands while he reared a new puppy. Everyone was so impressed that they named him “The Hound of Culann”, which is the Enlgish interpretation of Cú Chulainn.

    3. battle frenzy, or “ríastrad” in which he becomes an unrecognizable monster who knows neither friend nor foe

      This is also known as a berserker, which is a more commonly used Norse term used to describe a warrior that goes into a trance of pure violence and rage. Like the saga of Ivar the Boneless.

    4. provided I be famous, I am content though I were but one day in the world.”

      This encapsulates Cuchulainn's entire character and motivation in one sentence. He wants achieve fame and glory, even if it means his life will be cut short. He is emphasizing this desire even further by saying not only that he would be willing to die young, but he would be willing to live for just one day.

    5. son of his mother

      I thought that saying "son of his mother" was a strange, roundabout way of referring to Cuchulainn.

    6. The first thing I noticed about this story is that there is a lot of dialogue and action, but there is no internal dialogue or descriptions of characters' thoughts or feelings. It is based on what the characters say, not what they are thinking. The way the story is written is very different from the modern fiction that I read in Comp II. It reminded me of the myth of Achilles because both are warriors who have supernatural origin.

      One challenge I encountered was with the wording. I had to look up words and re-read phrases to understand, which is perhaps due to the translation. I also had trouble figuring out what the point of the story was.

      It seems that the author's main purpose in writing the story is to show the character of Cuchulainn, which is bold and ruthless. The descriptions show that he has the strength to match those characteristics.

      I found an interesting description of Cuchulainn that says he had seven fingers on each hand, seven toes on each foot, and very bizarrely, seven pupils in each eye: https://www.britannica.com/topic/Cu-Chulainn. I thought that was an interesting description to show he was more than just a mere mortal.

    7. Leyendecker (1874 – 1951)

      I appreciate this piece of artwork. It helps the reader visualize the mythical and action-infused tale of Cu Chulainn.

    8. You promised us a good run,

      This quote Cuchulainn tells the charioteer show that he wants to go until someone or thing has stopped them.

    9. The story of Cuhullin was a very interesting one. It tells a story of power and how he wanted to become the best warrior. He would challenge any one in his path and would just show off his talents to who was near him. As i continue to read my minds pictures a cold heart person willing to kill anyone in his path for fame and power and that will got to any length and distance to win. I feel in the world we live today people are willing to tear each other apart just to reach the top. That is where my mind leads me,

    10. Ply the goad on the horses,

      Goad is a spiked stick to move cattle

    11. Lugh

      Who is Lugh?

    12. ‘”It is more wonderful alive,” said the charioteer; “it is not every one who can do it so. Dead, there is not one of them who cannot do it. You cannot do this, to carry off any of them alive,” said the charioteer.

      This charioteer seems like appreciates life more than death like the other soldiers in the story. this surprises as contrast to the other charioteer and to Cuchulainn's blood lust in this section.

    13. ‘He cast the spear at him, so that it reached him in his ——. Then He went to him and cut off his head. Cuchulainn gave his head and his accoutrements to his own charioteer.

      It seems like Cuchulainn really likes taking heads and just giving them to people. Was this a common thing to do in Irish lore ?

    14. ‘”May it not be for his happiness,” said the champion; “and may it not be for his prosperity, his first taking of arms. Let him not be in our land, and let the horses not graze there any more,” said the champion.

      These guys really knew how to push Cuchulain's buttons for beating them up. Calling him a boy that's like a big no no in this story.

    15. Loch Echtra

      This was know as a "Lake-burst" these are common in Irish myths where a lake appears out of nowhere usually where graves are dug. This might be why Conall never went past that, spirits might attack him.

    16. ‘”A wonder of might,”

      He really does have a high horse here, proclaiming he is a wonder of might, like wait a bit until you can say that.

    17. Then Conchobar’s chariot was given to him

      Why is it that Cú Chulainn is only able to use Conchobars' weapons and chariot? It seems that Conchobar wants no part of any fight or war and wants to get rid of anything that would enable him to fight.

    18. Emain Macha

      Is known today known as Navan Fort in County Armagh, Northern Ireland

      https://www.ancient-origins.net/myths-legends/irish-story-and-legend-cu-chulainn-002150

    19. the wild deer behind his chariot, and the flock of swans flying over it, and the three heads in his chariot. Then they come to Emain.

      It seems like this image might be important? Or at least have some kind of meaning.

    20. goad

      An agent or means of prodding or urging; a stimulus. In this case it means "giddy up horsey!"

    21. Sétanta

      Cú Chulainn stands for "Culann's Hound". Setanta could be understood to stand for "Mythical Son".

      https://www.undiscoveredscotland.co.uk/usbiography/c/cuchulainn.html

    22. geis

      a solemn injunction; prohibition.

    23. provided I be famous, I am content though I were but one day in the world.

      How prevalent was the desire for recognition in the 1st century compared to today? Here he sounds like the equivalent of a Logan Paul, and I wonder if social media fosters this kind of behavior.

    24. Lay of Hildebrand
    25. Manx

      relating to the Isle of Man.

    26. Cú Chulainn
    27. god Lugh,

      The god of all arts and crafts and also worshipped as the sun god.