Speeches using paradigms are not less persuasive, butthose with enthymemes excite more favorable audience reaction.
Speeches to excite the audience then require an enthymeme. Better for a speech to use this logical persuasive technique when paired with pathos.
3. As things are now,10those who have composed Arts of Speechhave worked on a small part of the subject; for only pisteis11are artis-tic (other things are supplementary), and these writers say nothingabout enthymemes, which is the “body” of persuasion,12while theygive most of their attention to matters external to the subject
Enthymemes are concluding a premise where one is left out or assumed to be known. This is the majority of all persuasion and Heinrich touches on this as well. It is a syllogism with the obvious logical bridge left out.
It is clear, then, that rhetorical study, in its strict sense, is concerned with the modes of persuasion. Persuasion is clearly a sort of demonstration, since we are most fully persuaded when we consider a thing to have been demonstrated. The orator's demonstration is an enthymeme, and this is, in general, the most effective of the modes of persuasion.
things that are true and things that are just have a natural tendency to prevail over their opposites,
Enthymeme? Is this idea an assumption held by the public?
The orator's demonstration is an enthymeme, and this is, in general, the most effective of the modes of persuasion.
Important claim here. We'll be coming back to enthymemes a lot.
The orator's demonstration is an enthymeme, and this is, in general, the most effective of the modes of persuasion.
Deductive reasoning does not always sound so persuasive; as in Zeno's paradox about the Tortoise and the Hare. Everyone knows that the Hare will pass the Tortoise.
The modes of persuasion are the only true constituents of the art: everything else is merely accessory. These writers, however, say nothing about enthymemes, which are the substance of rhetorical persuasion, but deal mainly with non-essentials.
Persuasion and enthymemes are essential for rhetoric.
uneducated more effective than the educated when addressing popular audiences
"in oratory the very cardinal sin is to depart from the language of everyday life, and the usage approved by the sense of the community." - Cicero, De Oratore
There are two kinds of enthymemes: (a) the demonstrative, formed by the conjunction of compatible propositions; (b) the refutative, formed by the conjuction of incompatible propositions.
Two kinds of enthymemes.
the materials of enthymemes are Probabilities and Signs
Speeches that rely on examples are as persuasive as the other kind, but those which rely on enthymemes excite the louder applause.
Enthymemes are better than examples.
Every one who effects persuasion through proof does in fact use either enthymemes or examples: there is no other way.
Enthymemes and examples are elements for proof.
Argumentative persuasion is a sort of demonstration, and the rhetorical form of demonstration is the enthymeme.
Enthymeme is essential for rhetoric.
The enthymeme must consist of few propositions, fewer often than those which make up the normal syllogism. For if any of these propositions is a familiar fact, there is no need even to mention it; the hearer adds it himself. Thus, to show that Dorieus has been victor in a contest for which the prize is a crown, it is enough to say "For he has been victor in the Olympic games," without adding "And in the Olympic games the prize is a crown," a fact which everybody knows.
Avoid redundancy.
The example is an induction, the enthymeme is a syllogism, and the apparent enthymeme is an apparent syllogism. I call the enthymeme a rhetorical syllogism, and the example a rhetorical induction. Every one who effects persuasion through proof does in fact use either enthymemes or examples: there is no other way.
defining enthymeme, syllogism, induction, their use and purpose
The enthymeme is a sort of syllogism, and the consideration of syllogisms of all kinds, without distinction, is the business of dialectic, either of dialectic as a whole or of one of its branches.
enthymeme, syllogism, and dialectic.
The persuasive arguments are (a) the example, corresponding to induction in dialectic; (b) the enthymeme, corresponding to the syllogism; (c) the apparent enthymeme, corresponding to the apparent syllogism.
divisions of persuasive agrument