nanotechnology
To read general information on nanotechnology click on the following link:
http://www.nano.gov/nanotech-101/what/definition
The following article is an interestng example of using nanotechnology to create jewelery:
http://www.nytimes.com/2014/11/18/style/international/jewelry-nanotechnology.html
J. F. Soderholm, S. L. Bird, P. Kalab, Y. Sampathkumar, K. Hasegawa, M. Uehara-Bingen, K. Weis, R. Heald, Importazole, a small molecule inhibitor of the transport receptor importin-β. ACS Chem. Biol. 6, 700–708 (2011).
Importazole is a small molecule inhibitor of the transport receptor importin-β. This inhibitor was identified by a screening assay developed by the authors of this paper.
A. J. Firestone, J. S. Weinger, M. Maldonado, K. Barlan, L. D. Langston, M. O’Donnell, V. I. Gelfand, T. M. Kapoor, J. K. Chen, Small-molecule inhibitors of the AAA+ ATPase motor cytoplasmic dynein. Nature 484, 125–129 (2012). doi:10.1038/nature10936 pmid:22425997
This work reported the discovery of ciliobrevins, the first specific small-molecule antagonists of cytoplasmic dynein.
K. V. Butler, J. Kalin, C. Brochier, G. Vistoli, B. Langley, A. P. Kozikowski, Rational design and simple chemistry yield a superior, neuroprotective HDAC6 inhibitor, tubastatin A. J. Am. Chem. Soc. 132, 10842–10846 (2010). doi:10.1021/ja102758v pmid:20614936
This paper reported the development of Tubastatin A, a potent and selective HDAC6 inhibitor.
H. Ouyang, Y. O. Ali, M. Ravichandran, A. Dong, W. Qiu, F. MacKenzie, S. Dhe-Paganon, C. H. Arrowsmith, R. G. Zhai, Protein aggregates are recruited to aggresome by histone deacetylase 6 via unanchored ubiquitin C termini. J. Biol. Chem. 287, 2317–2327 (2012).
This work suggested a novel ubiquitin-mediated signaling pathway, where the exposure of ubiquitin C termini within protein aggregates enables HDAC6 recognition and transport to the aggresome. The authors found that the ubiquitin-binding domain (ZnF-UBP) of HDAC6, instead of recognizing protein aggregates by binding directly to polyubiquitinated proteins, binds exclusively to the unanchored C-terminal diglycine motif of ubiquitin.
Y. Zhang, B. Gilquin, S. Khochbin, P. Matthias, Two catalytic domains are required for protein deacetylation. J. Biol. Chem. 281, 2401–2404 (2006).
In this report, the authors showed that both HDAC domains are required for the intact deacetylase activity of HDAC-6.
Y. Zhang, S. Kwon, T. Yamaguchi, F. Cubizolles, S. Rousseaux, M. Kneissel, C. Cao, N. Li, H. L. Cheng, K. Chua, D. Lombard, A. Mizeracki, G. Matthias, F. W. Alt, S. Khochbin, P. Matthias, Mice lacking histone deacetylase 6 have hyperacetylated tubulin but are viable and develop normally. Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 1688–1701 (2008). doi:10.1128/MCB.01154-06 pmid:18180281
In this study, the author generated HDAC6 knock out mice and investigated the in vivo functions of HDAC6 and the relevance of tubulin acetylation/deacetylation. they observed that HDAC6-deficient mice are viable and fertile and show hyperacetylated tubulin in most tissues.They concluded that mice survive well without HDAC6 and that tubulin hyperacetylation is not detrimental to normal mammalian development.
I. Kemler, G. Whittaker, A. Helenius, Nuclear import of microinjected influenza virus ribonucleoproteins. Virology 202, 1028–1033 (1994).
This work showed that when influenza virus ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs), devoid of M1, were introduced into the cytoplasm of cells by microinjection, they were found to be imported into the nucleus, and the RNA was transcribed. Their uptake into the nucleus was ATP-dependent, inhibited by antibodies to the nuclear pore complex, unaffected by the prior acidification of the vRNPs, and not inhibited by an anti-virurs, called amantadine. These experiments demonstrated that for productive infection, all the early stages of the viral entry pathway can be bypassed.
anerjee, Y. Yamauchi, A. Helenius, P. Horvath, High-content analysis of sequential events during the early phase of influenza A virus infection. PLOS ONE 8, e68450 (2013).
This study provides a powerful high-throughput platform to understand the host cell processes. The authors developed quantitative, imaging-based assays to dissect seven consecutive steps in the early phases of IAV infection in tissue culture cells.
K. S. Matlin, H. Reggio, A. Helenius, K. Simons, Infectious entry pathway of influenza virus in a canine kidney cell line. J. Cell Biol. 91, 601–613 (1981).
This work investigated the cell fusion process of representatives of 3 families of enveloped viruses. it was discovered that hemagglutinin plays a role for the influenza in the low-pH-dependent membrane fusion activity. Low-pH-induced fusion is a widespread property of enveloped animal viruses and that it may play a role in the infective process.
L. H. Pinto, L. J. Holsinger, R. A. Lamb, Influenza virus M2 protein has ion channel activity. Cell 69, 517–528 (1992).
The authors of this paper identified the ion channel activity of M2.
J. White, K. Matlin, A. Helenius, Cell fusion by Semliki Forest, influenza, and vesicular stomatitis viruses. J. Cell Biol. 89, 674–679 (1981).
This work investigated the cell fusion process of representatives of 3 families of enveloped viruses. it was discovered that hemagglutinin plays a role for the influenza in the low-pH-dependent membrane fusion activity. Low-pH-induced fusion is a widespread property of enveloped animal viruses and that it may play a role in the infective process.
K. Martin, A. Helenius, Nuclear transport of influenza virus ribonucleoproteins: The viral matrix protein (M1) promotes export and inhibits import. Cell 67, 117–130 (1991). doi:10.1016/0092-8674(91)90576-K pmid:1913813
This work described the nuclear transport of influenza virus ribonucleoproteins (vRNPs). Viral matrix protein (M1) associates with newly assembled vRNPs in the nucleus and escorts them to the cytoplasm through the nuclear pores. In contrast, during entry of the virus into a new host cell, M1 protein dissociates from the RNPs, allowing them to enter the nucleus.
new antiviral strategies
Possible Therapy? Find out what the author Dr. Yamauchi says in this regard.
G. Larson, J. Burger,Trends Genet.29, 197–205 (2013).
This study is about animal domestication. It explains that the dog is the only animal domesticated before the advent of agriculture. It also discuss the limits of mtDNA analysis.
Nonetheless, ourmtDNA genome tree shows that three of four
Read more about this research in these two news articles: DNA Analysis Indicates Domesticated Dogs Originated In Europe
DNA hint of European origin for dogs
Dogs are one of the best known examplesof domestication, the process of speciesmodification over time by human-inducedselection
Check out a Science special issue on Dogs: http://www.sciencemag.org/site/extra/dogs/
onset of domesticationthere 18,800 to 32,100 years ago.
Wolves were domesticated much earlier than thought. Researchers discovered that wolves were domesticated by European hunter-gatherers between 19,000 and 32,000 years ago. The analysis cannot, however, be used to determine the origin of the dog, argues a Danish DNA scientist.
http://sciencenordic.com/wolves-became-domesticated-dogs-much-earlier-thought
The cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells is a highlydynamic composite polymer material.
most gorgeous dream
I'm wondering if "the dream" -- at least as Coates sketches it out in the remainder of this paragraph -- has become a "war with the known world" for people without education and money. Is it about race or class. Robert Putnam makes a good case for the problem being about rising economic inequality in America, even as racial and sexual divisions have been lessening.
stopping and frisking you
Stop and frisk has ended, right? Not so fast: "The NYPD hasn’t ended its practice of stop-and-frisk...." It just stopped reporting the number of stops.
lose my body
I'm just trying to imagine how it might make Coates son squirm to have his dad talk to him about his body. I guess I'm squirming a bit too. I'm expecting to hear about racism, but here I'm being asked to think about a body.
Apple’s superior position on privacy needs to be the icing on the cake, not their primary selling point.
Yeah... 'cause apparently no one actually cares...
frequently attracted people who felt frustrated, suffocated by their family, and lacking other means of self-expression than private writing. This explains the over representation of women and homosexuals within the ranks of the diarists
I lol'd.
Lethe (Leith)
The River Lethe was one of the rivers of Hades in Greek mythology. Exposure to its waters was held to lead to loss of memory, or, more intriguingly, a state of "unmindfulness" and oblivion. From this origin, it has re-appeared throughout western culture, from Dante to Tony Banks's first solo album (River Lethe in popular culture, Wikipedia).
By providing the alternative spelling of Leith, Alasdair Roberts 'doubles' this meaning with the Water of Leith, a river that runs through Edinburgh, and co-locates ancient Greek and contemporary Scots mythology.
The idea of eternal return is bound up with memory, with cultures being compelled to repeat and confront the missteps of the past. So the oblivion of forgetfulness provided by the endless Lethe provides a form of antidote or escape.
my sermons seven
In interview with Tyler Wilcox in 2009, Alasdair Roberts referred to the
specifically Jungian references to the "sermons seven" and mandalas... it's like a quest song against conflict and towards individuation. I know a lot of people with strong political or religious convictions whose musical and artistic practice is guided by that – in some ways I envy that kind of certitude, but I suppose my thing is always about flexibility, multiplicity, confusion wanting to reflect the turmoil of reality... always trying to remember that the oar in the ocean is a winnowing fan on dry land.'
That is, the human annotators are likely to assign different relevance labels to a document, depending on the quality of the last document they had judged for the same query. In addi- tion to manually assigned labels, we further show that the implicit relevance labels inferred from click logs can also be affected by an- choring bias. Our experiments over the query logs of a commercial search engine suggested that searchers’ interaction with a document can be highly affected by the documents visited immediately be- forehand.
After all, don’t we tend to examine our motivations for doing something only when we have reason to doubt that we are doing the right thing?
change:
'only'
to:
'primarily'
It migh
http://dev-stem-ethics.gotpantheon.com/node/53
Replace
"It might provide..."
With:
"This fatalistic attitude..."
The Philosophy of Intellectual Property