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    1. A missense germline mutation in exon 1of the VHL gene was identified in the patient (p. Asp92Gly). The patient's family members (parents and 2 daughters aged 10 and 5 yr) then underwent genetic testing. The mutation was found in the youngest daughter. Full evaluation of the positive carrier did not reveal any tumor localization.

      PatientID: None (daughter)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 5Y0M, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The patient's family members (grandparents, mother (33Y0M; Case 1) and sister (10Y0M) underwent genetic testing. Sister and grandparents were not positive, however mother was found positive with the same mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: None

      CaseHPOFreeText: Full evaluation did not reveal any tumor localization.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D92G (c.275A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351750765 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.275A%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: D92G (c.275A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Case 1 A 33-year-old woman with no unusual medical history presented in November 1999 with an 8-month history of right-sided otalgia and progressive hearing loss. Otoscopic examination revealed a reddish, raspberry-like hypotympanic mass behind a normal tympanic membrane. Audiometry revealed complete hearing loss of the right ear. Computed tomographic (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed lysis of the posterior face of the petrous pyramid by a voluminous heterogenous mass invading the infralabyrinthine and retrolabyrinthine regions (Fig. 1, A and B) and the posterior cranial fossa (Fig. 1, C and D) and an infracentimetric hypervascular lesion in the right cerebellum highly suggestive of a hemangioblastoma. These findings evoked the diagnosis of ELST associated with VHL disease.

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 33Y0M, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's family members (parents and 2 daughters aged 10 and 5 yr) underwent genetic testing. The same mutation was found in the youngest daughter, although full evaluation did not reveal any tumor localization.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393; HP:0000107; HP:0009726; HP:0001737; HP:0006880 (endolymphatic sac tumour; renal cyst; renal neoplasm; pancreatic cysts; cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: hypotympanic mass was found behind a normal tympanic membrane. Audiometry revealed complete hearing loss of the right ear - CT and MRI revealed lysis of the posterior face of the petrous pyramid by a voluminous heterogenous mass invading the infralabyrinthine and retrolabyrinthine regionsand the posterior cranial fossa, and an infracentimetric hypervascular lesion in the right cerebellum highly suggestive of a hemangioblastoma. These findings evoked the diagnosis of ELST associated with VHL disease. Abdominal ultrasonography and MRI of the patient showed multiple pancreatic cysts but no renal or adrenal gland abnormalities. Regular medical follow-up 4 years after the discovery of the disease showed a right renal cyst and centimetric tumor of the left kidney.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D92G (c.275A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351750765 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.275A%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Histopathology showed a low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma of the endolymphatic sac, with strong immunoreactivity for cytokeratin (KL1), vimentin, and neuron-specific enolase and low immunoreactivity for epithelial membrane antigen.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: D92G (c.275A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Tyr156Cys

      GroupID: 7

      DiseaseAssertion: Neuroendocrine neoplasm (pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma)

      GroupSize: 7

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Ethnicity unknown

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This mutation (p.Y156C (c.467A>G)) was found in 7 patients, 3 with a family history and/or a syndromic presentation and 4 with apparently sporadic presentation. 1 of the apparently sporadic patients was previously reported.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0100634 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients with a pheochromocytoma or a functional paraganglioma were recruited from several different French clinical centers participating in several clinical research networks (Cortico et Medullosurrènale: les Tumeurs Endocrines, Paragan-Glioma Network, Groupe des Tumeurs Endocrines)

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 1 of the apparently sporadic patients was previously reported.

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1aCerebellum446 A/GN78SMissenseLOHNegative1bCerebellum446 A/GN78SMissenseLOHNegative1cCerebellum446 A/GN78SMissenseLOHNegative

      PatientID: 1 (tumour samples 1a, 1b, 1c)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 42 CNS haemangioblastoma samples were obtained from 31 patients, who were consecutively treated between 1993 and 1997 at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Freiburg University Medical Centre.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with 3 VHL-related tumors in the cerebellum (a,b,c). All three presented with LOH positive somatic information but negative methylation.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 3aCerebellum699 C/GC162WMissenseNegativeNegative3bCerebellum699 C/GC162WMissenseLOHNegative

      PatientID: 3 (tumour samples 3a, 3b)

      KindredID: 3

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 42 CNS haemangioblastoma samples were obtained from 31 patients, who were consecutively treated between 1993 and 1997 at the Department of Neurosurgery of the Freiburg University Medical Centre.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with 2 VHL-related tumors in the cerebellum (a,b). Tumor b presented with LOH positive somatic information but negative methylation.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

      
      
    1. VHL_6Frozenc.491A>Gp.Gln164ArgF31AdrenalPCCB

      PatientID: VHL_6 (tumor ID)

      KindredID: 6

      Case: F, 31Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Adrenal pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (Adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a benign adrenal pheochromocytoma at 31Y.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q164R (c.491A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2238, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2238/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Q164R (c.491A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 4

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 4

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 3 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: hemangioblastoma, parathyroid nodule, and esophageal carcinoma but the presenting patient is unclear. Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 25 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members. VHL type 2C.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Figure 1.

      PatientID: III:8

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Look to proband (III:3) for extensive family info.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 2

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 5 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: paraganglioma, hemangioblastoma, lung metastases and spinal hemangioblastoma but the presenting patient is unclear.Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 18 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. The proband of family 1 (III:3; Fig. 1a), a 32-year-old woman, was diagnosed with a normetanephrine-secreting, 5-cm right PHEO with no other clinical features of VHL disease.

      PatientID: III:3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 32Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Her paternal grandfather (I:1) had been diagnosed with an adrenal tumor and hypertension in his 40s. In addition, four other relatives developed unilateral PHEOs: her father (II:1) at age 73, her 34-year-old brother (III:2), her paternal aunt in her 40s (II:4), and the aunt’s 12-year-old son (III:7). Subsequently, the son of III.7 (IV:3) was also diagnosed with PHEOs at 23 years of age. All affected individuals underwent adrenalectomy and remain asymptomatic, 1 to 30 years after surgery. In addition, a renal cyst was detected in individual III.2 at the time of the PHEO diagnosis, whereas II.1 developed multiple spinal cord hemangioblastomas after the adrenal tumor resection. No RCCs were diagnosed. Other declared diseases in this family are: thyroid nodule and bladder carcinoma but the presenting patient is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with a normetanephrine-secreting, 5-cm right PHEO with no other clinical features of VHL disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. KindredID: 103

      GroupID: 14

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: Unknown

      GroupNumberFemales: Unknown

      GroupEthnicity: Unknown

      GroupAgeRange: Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupInfo: Kindred no.103 describes a family where at least one member (unspecified how many) had this mutation in the VHL gene. Family history indicates that pheochromocytoma is not present in this kindred.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: No other phenotypic information is listed for this kindred.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S80R (c.240T>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.S151R (c.453T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351750515

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S80R (c.240T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. KindredID:25

      GroupID:5

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: Unknown

      GroupNumberFemales: Unknown

      GroupEthnicity: Unknown

      GroupAgeRange: Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupInfo: Kindred no.25 describes a family where at least one member (unspecified how many) had this mutation in the VHL gene.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: Pheochromocytoma was not observed in any members of the affected patient(s)' family (VHL type 1).

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.407C>G (p.S136W)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence:

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W(c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 10 (Uncle)

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 36Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 6 members of this family were found to harbor the c.319C>G germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 11 presented with renal and pancreatic abnormalities, pheochromocytoma and other undefined phenotypes. ID 1 presented with pheochromocytoma. ID 2 presented with pancreatic abnormalities. ID 24 presented with renal abnormalities, and pheochromocytoma, and died at age 62. ID 4 presented with pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (31Y, 35Y), pancreatic abnormalities (31Y) and pheochromocytoma (13Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0000077 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 1 (Proband)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 20Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 9 members of this family were found to harbor the c.193T>G germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 35 was asymptomatic. IDs 28, 2, 6, 17 and 19 all presented with pheochromocytoma. ID 5 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma and renal cyst OR tumor (not specified). ID 21 presented with retinal angioma and pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a Pheochromocytoma at age 11.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0000077; HP:0010797 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Abnormality of the kidney, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223160, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 19 (Cousin)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 14Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 9 members of this family were found to harbor the c.193T>G germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 35 was asymptomatic. IDs 28, 2, 6, 17 and 1 (proband) all presented with pheochromocytoma. ID 5 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma and renal cyst OR tumor (not specified). ID 21 presented with retinal angioma and pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a Pheochromocytoma at age 6.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0000077; HP:0010797 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Abnormality of the kidney, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223160, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 17 (Cousin)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 16Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 9 members of this family were found to harbor the c.193T>G germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 35 was asymptomatic. IDs 28, 2, 6, 1 (proband) and 19 all presented with pheochromocytoma. ID 5 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma and renal cyst OR tumor (not specified). ID 21 presented with retinal angioma and pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a Pheochromocytoma at age 8.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0000077; HP:0010797 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Abnormality of the kidney, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223160, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 28F/32ASUnilateral PCCVHLIVS 2c.341-2 A>GSplice Site ChangeSplice site changeDisease causingNANANRNR

      PatientID: 28

      KindredID: 28

      Case: F, 32Y0M, Asian Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: None - Apparently sporadic

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ NF1

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.341-2A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223194 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223194/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.341-2A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 21F/35ASUnilateral PCCVHL3c.548C>G (Novel)p.(Ser183Trp)Substitution (missense)Disease causing

      PatientID: 21

      KindredID: 21

      Case: F, 35Y0M, Asian Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: None - apparently sporadic

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: unilateral pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ NF1

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S183W (c.548C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 219158 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/219158/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S183W (c.548C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL (n = 10)

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 65Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: bladder carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002862 (bladder carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was a white male diagnosed with bladder urothelial carcinoma, who passed away at age 65Y0M.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: See table s3 for patient-related information.

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2225, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00002121, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense variant; transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 131

      KindredID: 49

      Case: F, Age 31Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a pheochromocytoma at 18, retinal angioma at 29, and renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 31.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.F136C (c.407T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496065; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496065/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: F136C (c.407T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 231

      KindredID: 86

      Case: M, 54Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 229) had a sister (patient 230) who was genetically confirmed with the mutation, and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 40. The proband's brother 1 (patient 231) was also confirmed with the mutation and had a retinal angioma at 25, and renal cell carcinoma at 54. The proband's brother 2 passed away before they could be diagnosed/ confirmed with the mutation, but they had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 35. Finally, the proband's nephew (son of brother 2) was genetically confirmed with the mutation and presented with renal cell carcinoma at age 30.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's brother (patient 231) had a retinal angioma at 25 and renal cell carcinoma at 54.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 115

      KindredID: 42

      Case: M, 12Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 42) had four family members confirmed with the mutation: his son (CNS hemangioblastoma at 12, retinal angioma at 11); his sister 1 (patient 116) presented with multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 53; his niece (daughter of sister 2) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment, and his nephew (son of brother 2) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 12, and pheochromocytoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 18. The proband also had three family members who passed away before diagnosis/ before they could be confirmed with the mutation: his sister 2 (patient 117) had multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 46, his brother 1 presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 47, renal cell carcinoma at 59, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 59; and his brother 2 presented with a retinal capillary hemangioma at 43, and CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 44.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 36, multiple pancreatic cysts and/or tumors at 40, and retinal angioma and renal cell carcinoma at 44.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 24581539) and Wang et al., 2014 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.W117G (c.349T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 862346; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/862346/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: W117G (c.349T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 118

      KindredID: 42

      Case: F, Age unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 42) had four family members confirmed with the mutation: his son (CNS hemangioblastoma at 12, retinal angioma at 11); his sister 1 (patient 116) presented with multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 53; his niece (daughter of sister 2) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment, and his nephew (son of brother 2) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 12, and pheochromocytoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 18. The proband also had three family members who passed away before diagnosis/ before they could be confirmed with the mutation: his sister 2 (patient 117) had multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 46, his brother 1 presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 47, renal cell carcinoma at 59, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 59; and his brother 2 presented with a retinal capillary hemangioma at 43, and CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 44.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's niece (daughter of sister 2) was genetically confirmed with the mutation but was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001732; HP:0001737 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 24581539) and Wang et al., 2014 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.W117G (c.349T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 862346; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/862346/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: W117G (c.349T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. PatientID: 37

      KindredID: 12

      Case: F, 27Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient had the same germline mutation as her brother (the proband) and father. Her brother presented with CNS Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at the age of 34. Her father presented with renal cell carcinoma at 55. The patient's uncle passed away before diagnosis and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 19, but could not be genetically confirmed for the mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at the age of 27.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    1. F12c.414A>G/WTVHL p.Pro138Pro/WTNNNNVHL disease—

      PatientID: II (daughter)

      KindredID: F12

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 4 members of this family (I.mother, II.daughter, II.son, III.granddaughter) presented with pheochromocytoma and were found to have the P138= (c.414A>G) germline variant of the VHL gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

    2. F12c.414A>G/WTVHL p.Pro138Pro/WTNNNNVHL disease—

      PatientID: II (son)

      KindredID: F12

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 4 members of this family (I.mother, II.daughter, II.son, III.granddaughter) presented with pheochromocytoma and were found to have the P138= (c.414A>G) germline variant of the VHL gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

    1. 1 (100)

      GroupID: 23

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was the only one discussed with this mutation. They had retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 1 (50)

      GroupID: 19a

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This was 1 of 2 patients discussed with this mutation. The individual had retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: p.R79G (c.235C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 411988 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/411988/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R79G (c.235C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 1 (100)

      GroupID: 18

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was the only one discussed with this mutation. They had retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. 1 (50)

      GroupID: 19b

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: This was 1 of 2 patients discussed with this mutation. The individual did NOT have retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

      Variant: p.R79G (c.235C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 411988 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/411988/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R79G (c.235C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 18m395.6n16.1n407 C/G+0.2

      PatientID: 18

      KindredID: 18

      Case: M, 39Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: No details on family information.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.407C>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 19 (tumour 33)

      KindredID: 4

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Two other members of this patient's family (patient 20 and patient 21) were found to harbour the same VHL gene mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Benign pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077, 9681856

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L188V (c.775C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: CA020488 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.562C%3EG

      gnomAD: 0.00002121 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: Refer to Table 1 for LOH information.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 21 (tumour 36)

      KindredID: 4

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Two other members of this patient's family (patient 19 and patient 20) were found to harbour the same VHL gene mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had one benign pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077, 9681856

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L188V (c.775C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: CA020488 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.562C%3EG

      gnomAD: 0.00002121 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: Refer to Table 1 for LOH information.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. CASE REPORTA young lady (18 years of age) presented with recurrent episodes of headache for 3 years, associated with episodic sweating and palpitations. She was recently documented to have blood pressure (200/160 mmHg) and was referred to us for further management.A detailed family history revealed the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in her father and two of his siblings [Figure 1]. Her father had undergone C7–D3 decompression laminectomy for D2, D3 hemangioblastomas. He recovered, but subsequently developed recurrence of the spinal tumor. At this stage, he was also detected to have a right adrenal mass, and both tumors were left untreated. He developed paraplegia and eventually died following a cerebrovascular accident. His two brothers underwent surgery for cerebellar hemangioblastomas at age 46 and 50 years, and they were reportedly well following surgery. Our subject has two siblings aged 17 and 20 years, both of whom had no symptoms suggestive of VHL.Open in a separate windowFigure 1Pedigree analysis of patientClinical examination revealed no neurocutaneous markers. Her blood pressure was 170/140 mmHg (supine) and 150/120 mmHg (standing). Fundus examination revealed bilateral papilledema. Her neurological examination was normal.Her 24-hour urine metanephrine level was 100 mcg and normetanephrine level was >5700 μg [normal range up to 600 mcg (metanephrine) and 900 mcg (normetanephrine)]. She also had impaired glucose tolerance. Computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a large heterogeneous right adrenal mass with patchy peripheral enhancement, a smaller left adrenal mass and an enhancing lesion in the distal body of the pancreas [Figure 2]. Metaiodobenzylguanidine (MIBG) scan showed significantly increased uptake over both adrenal glands [Figure 3]. At surgery, she was found to have an 8-cm tumor in the right adrenal, a 2-cm tumor in the left adrenal and a 2-cm hard pancreatic neoplasm in the distal pancreas [Figure 4]. She underwent bilateral adrenalectomy (right total adrenalectomy, left cortical sparing adrenalectomy) and distal pancreatectomy with splenectomy. Histology of the tumor showed bilateral pheochromocytoma and well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the pancreas. The postoperative period was uneventful, and she was advised regular follow-up. We also advised genetic screening to all her first-degree relatives. After surgery, she was asked to continue Tab. Prednislone 5 mg once daily (in the morning). This patient is on telephonic follow-up and came last month back for follow-up. We planned to taper off steroids and assess response but she herself stopped the medicines and her serum cortisols were checked which were in normal range off all medicines. She is not on any antihypertensive medication. Following surgery, she had no visual complaints and her papilledema had resolved.

      PatientID: 1 (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 18Y, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: A detailed family history revealed the occurrence of central nervous system (CNS) tumors in her father and two of his siblings. Her father had recurrence of spinal tumors, adrenal masses, paraplegia, and eventually died following a cerebrovascular accident. His two brothers underwent surgery for cerebellar hemangioblastomas at age 46 and 50 years. The subject has two siblings aged 17 and 20 years, both of whom had no symptoms suggestive of VHL. No other members have been tested.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0030405; HP:0001085 (adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumour, Papilledema)

      CaseHPOFreeText: presented with recurrent episodes of headache for 3 years, associated with episodic sweating and palpitations. Fundus examination revealed bilateral papilledema (right adrenal mass with patchy peripheral enhancement, a smaller left adrenal mass (bilateral pheochromocytoma) and an enhancing lesion in the distal body of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Her neurological examination was normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+3A>G

      LegacyVariant: c.IVS2+3A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428796 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428796/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (c.463+3A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 53

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: Unknown

      GroupNumberFemales: Unknown

      GroupEthnicity: Unknown

      GroupAgeRange: Unknown

      GroupInfo: This family group had a history of clinically confirmed VHL disease. Members of this family were found to harbour the c.194C>G variant causing a Ser65Trp missense mutation (noted in the paper as c.407C>G due to Latif reference transcript being used). It was noted that this family had no history of pheochromocytoma's.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients within this family were found to have a clinical diagnosis of VHL disease, however, the presenting phenotypes were not specified.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: This family had no history of pheochromocytoma's.

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.S65W (c.407C>G)

      ClinVarID: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. We observed 10 different intragenic mutations in 10/15 (66.7%) patients: five missense mutations

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: 9

      Case: M, 39Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None: Among missense mutations observed in our patients, 486C>G (C162W) was reported in Caucasian type 2 VHL families, but no member with pheochromocytoma has been found in this patient's families

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple involvements of the CNS HB. 'Other' phenotypes found in patient. These are noted in the paper to include: pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (PNETs), renal and pancreatic cysts and central nervous system tumors, although it is not clearly stated that patient 1 has all. (See Table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Previously reported, HGMD (Human Gene Mutation Database) [Refer to table 2].

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVar: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: CA357016 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.486C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. missense variants

      PatientID: 34

      KindredID: 34

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0100634 (hemangioblastoma, neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma, Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 1 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223160 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 35 (45%) had missense variants

      PatientID: 7

      KindredID: 7

      Case: Age, Sex, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient was recorded with a CNS hemangioblastoma

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030421; HP:0006770; HP:0100634; HP:0030405; HP:0009711 (epididymal tumour, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine neoplasm, pancreatic endocrine tumour, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: patient was recorded without CCRCC, and a pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (neuroendocrine neoplasm), pancreatic endocrine tumour (or pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm), and a retinal hemangioblastoma, or a epididymal tumor

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. missense variants

      PatientID: 64

      KindredID: 64

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100634 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421; HP:0006770 (hemangioblastoma; pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma; Epididymal neoplasm, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 7 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. missense variants

      PatientID: 63

      KindredID: 63

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405; HP:0100634 (pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, Neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0030421; HP:0006770 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; Epididymal neoplasm, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 7 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. missense variants

      PatientID: 62

      KindredID: 62

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100634 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421; HP:0006770 (hemangioblastoma; pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma; Epididymal neoplasm, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 7 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. MSF136C1 (5.6)1 (3.8)

      GroupID: 4

      Case: Age, Sex, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 1 individual belonging to 1 family was mentioned with this VHL mutation. No other family info was provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Other manifestations aside from pheochromocytoma are possible; but not specified.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F136C (c.407T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496065/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: F136C (c.407T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 16 different families

      PatientID: XVI-I

      KindredID: 16

      Case: F, 27Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: She had a mother with renal cell carcinoma who was followed at another hospital, thus no mutational data was given.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009713 (renal cysts, spinal hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented withenal cysts and spinal hemangioblastoma at age 27Y0M. Patient was diagnosed with VHL type 1 (see table 2).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0006748; HP:0002668; HP:0030405 (renal cell carcinoma; pancreatic cysts; adrenal pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma; pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Patient negative for renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, adrenal pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma and pancreatic endocrine tumor.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant, transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78.

      PatientID: III-2

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown, F, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (pheochromocytoma, abnormality of the pancreas, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 12 missenses

      GroupID/ KindredID: 1

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 5

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: With a family history, 5 family members were recorded in this group with the given mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (hemangioblastoma, abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupHPOFreeText: All 5 members had CNS hemangioblastomas and 1 member had pancreatic cysts or tumors (an abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No family members appeared to have the above manifestations.

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.S65W (c.407C>G)

      ClinVarID: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78.

      PatientID: IV-14

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: 46Y0M, F, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78

      PatientID: II-4

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown (deceased), M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0001732; HP:0002666 (retinal capillary hemangioma, abnormality of the pancreas, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: No VHL gene test was conducted but due to substantial family pedigree history, can assumed with confidence this mutation

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. 446A>G

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL; asymptomatic

      GroupSize: 22

      GroupNumberMales: 14

      GroupNumberFemales: 8

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: With a family history, 22 family members were recorded in this group with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See individual-case info by following GroupID/KindredID: 6

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001732; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, abnormality of the pancreas, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 12 family members had renal cell carcinoma, 10 had CNS hemangioblastomas, 5 had retinal hemangiomas, 7 had an abnormality of the pancreas (either cysts or a tumor), and 1 had a pheochromocytoma

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    6. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78.

      PatientID: IV-13

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown, M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4, including this patient, are asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: None

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001732 (hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma,abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: Named a carrier as positively tested without symptoms

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    7. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78.

      PatientID: III-12

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown, F, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    8. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78

      PatientID: II-5

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown (deceased), M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0001732; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, abnormality of the pancreas, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: No VHL gene test was conducted but due to substantial family pedigree history, can assumed with confidence this mutation

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    9. 12 missenses

      GroupID/ KindredID: 19

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: With a family history, 3 family members were recorded in this group with the given mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma; renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: all (3) members had CNS hemangioblastomas, and 1 had RCC

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0001732 (retinal capillary hemangioma; pheochromocytoma; pancreatic lesion)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No family members appeared to have the above manifestations.

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: V63

      KindredID: V63

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText:N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y175* (c.525C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182974 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182974/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Y175* (c.525C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: V345

      KindredID: V345

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was classified as VHL type 2B family meaning that she had a pheochromocytoma and presence of renal and pancreatic manifestations.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W(c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant:N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:C162W(c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: V48

      KindredID: V48

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.H115Q (c.345C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496058, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496058/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: H115Q (c.345C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 42CE, 3618NCI

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from two databases: the Munich, university of Freiburg and Institute of Pathology database and the National Cancer Institute database. There was an unknown number of members belonging to Family IDs: 42CE and 3618NCI. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 10458336; 7728151

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by location between codons 157 and 189.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 63F

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Neuro Olcologie database in Paris, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 63F. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y175* (c.525C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.Y175* (c.738C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182974 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182974

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by location between codons 157 and 189.

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Y175* (c.525C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 9YO, 51CE, 4327NCI, 160CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Department of Uroglogy, Yokohama database, the Munich, university of Freiburg and Institute of Pathology database, the National Cancer Institute database, and the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 9YO, 51CE, 4327NCI, 160CA. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 91CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 91CA. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V (c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L158V (c.685C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 567944 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by location between codons 157 and 189.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L158V (c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. III 16 24 2 CNS hb (16 years) 2 PC (16 years) M c.194C > G (p.Ser65Trp)

      PatientID: III

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, 24Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Two other family members (9-I and 9-II) carried the same mutation but were asymptotic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had two CNS hemangioblastomas and two pancreatic cysts at age 16. The patient was diagnosed with VHL at age 16.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 19863552, 25834951, 27966541, 27539272

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W(c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:S65W(c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. nt 699 C/G 162 Cys→Trp C162W Missense 1

      PatientID: 35

      GroupID/ KindredID: 35

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: other phenotypes unknown.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. nt 694 C/G 161 Arg→Gly R161G Missense 1

      PatientID: 31

      GroupID/ KindredID: 31

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: other phenotypes unknown.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161G (c.481C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.R161G (c.694C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 618484 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/618484/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R161G (c.481C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Finally, the R167G mutation was detected in a 20-year-old woman, whose family screening indicated the absence of mutation in her mother and two brothers.

      PatientID: None (Proband)

      KindredID: ASP (R167G)

      Case: F, 20Y0M, Hungarian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Mutation was absent in mother and two brothers. Proband of this family presented with an apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma and the R167G germline mutation of the VHL gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Presented with an apparently sporadic unilateral pheochromocytoma. VHL phenotype noted as type 2C.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Clinical evaluation of the three patients indicated the absence of other VHL-related tumors.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167G (c.499C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2219, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2219/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as R167G and cDNA change was mapped to c.499C>G.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R167G (c.499C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 233A→G Ts Exon 1 78 AAT N N78S

      GroupID: 10

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 patients are listed with this mutation; any relation is unknown.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 1 member is stated to have retinal HBs. Other manifestations are possible but not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: the other 1 patient is said to not have retinal HBs

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Possibly published in PMID:15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 468T→G Ts Exon 3 156 TAT Y Y156X

      GroupID: 39

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 4 patients are listed with this mutation; any relation is unknown.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: Manifestations are not clearly stated.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: all 3 members are said to not have retinal HBs

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Possibly published in PMID:15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156* (c.468T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N.A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756053 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.468T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Y156* (c.468T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. This patient's brother (3 years younger) was followed with the similar accelerated screening protocol of biannual visits with alternating US and plasma catecholamines from the age of 5. At 11 years, the brother had a normal abdominal US, but, 6 months after, he was found to have plasma norepinephrine at 51,506 pmol/L, a 36-fold increase compared to the preceding year. MRI revealed a 3.5 cm adrenal mass, which at retroperitoneoscopic surgery required total adrenalectomy for excision. Pathology confirmed a 2.9 cm pheochromocytoma without residual tumor at the margins. This patient is followed since with a second version of an accelerated regimen. The second iteration of an accelerated regimen consists of biannual plasma catecholamines and visits with annual US. The brother is currently well after 2 years and a half of surveillance.

      PatientID: N/A (younger son of index case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 13Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's mother was the index case in this VHL family, as she was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma at age 23 and underwent bilateral adrenalectomy. Genetic screening of the mother revealed the VHL variant, which prompted screening of family members. DNA sequencing from blood of consenting family members confirmed the presence of the VHL variant in seven family members (three generations from the maternal side) (see figure 1 for familial pedigree). This included the mother (index case), the patient, his brother, maternal grandmother, uncle and two cousins. The brother, who was 3 years older, was asymptomatic until age 7, where an abdominal ultrasound revealed a left adrenal mass. A total adrenalectomy was performed and at age 1 another mouse was found in the right adrenal gland, which was also removed. 6 years later he was asymptomatic. The uncle developed hemangioblastoma, multiple bilateral renal cell carcinomas, bilateral pheochromocytomas, and succumbed to his disease at age 45. The uncle's two daughters both had the mutation. One of which was found to have pheochromocytoma at age 15 due to routine screening. The other 8 year old daughter has not had any manifestations. No phenotype was noted for the grandmother.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with an adrenal mass at 11Y0M, which required total adrenalectomy and remains well 2.5 years later.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; tranversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 4578

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 8

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This group is a family of eight people with the same mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 4/8 family members had a pheochromocytoma, 7/8 had renal cell carcinoma, 5/8 had hemangioblastoma of the CNS, and 3/8 had retinal angioma. 2/8 family members were described to have cysts but the type or location was not specified.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumour)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: c.446A>G

      ClinVarID: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 446, A to G (Asp to Ser), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.233A>G, p.Asn78Ser (NM_000551.3). Error on author's part regarding protein change.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. GroupID: 4577

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Each group represents a family.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 2/3 members with pheochromocytoma, 1/3 members with CNS hemangioblastoma, 1/3 members with retinal angioma and 1/3 members with RCC. Diagnosed as a VHL Type 2B family.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F119L (c.357C>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.570C>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625240, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625240/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 570, C to G (Phe to Leu), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.357C>G, p.Phe119Leu (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: F119L (c.357C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. GroupID/KindredID: 5959

      DiseaseAssertion:VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: These two patients were from the same family (5959) and both had the same VHL gene mutations.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0030405 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: One patient in this family had a pheochromocytoma and cysts (type of cyst was not specified). Both patients had retinal angioma. It is unclear how many of the patients had pancreatic endocrine tumors.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: c.775C>G

      ClinVarID: 2225, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00002121, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 775, C to G (Leu to Val), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.562C>G, p.Leu188Val (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.241C>T (p.Pro81Ser)

    1. mother

      PatientID: IV-8

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (V-5), his mother (IV-8), maternal grandmother (III-6), maternal aunts (IV-10, IV-12), cousin (V-9) and brother (V-6) were found to harbour the VHL mutation p.P86A (c.256 C>G). All were symptomatic of VHL except for his cousin.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0030405; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cyst, Pancreatic endocrine tumor, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151(family 4416); 20375333

      SupplementalData: Information obtained from Figure 1.

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256 C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. maternal aunts

      PatientID: IV-10

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (V-5), his mother (IV-8), maternal grandmother (III-6), maternal aunts (IV-10, IV-12), cousin (V-9) and brother (V-6) were found to harbour the VHL mutation p.P86A (c.256 C>G). All were symptomatic of VHL except for his cousin.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0030405 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151(family 4416); 20375333

      SupplementalData: Information obtained from Figure 1.

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256 C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. S4 17 20 F - - - ? - ? - c.464 T[G (463 ? 43 A[G) p.V155G a–b interface

      PatientID: 17

      KindredID: S4

      Case: F, 20Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Retinal angioma and pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030393; HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0005584 (Endolymphatic sac tumor, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V155G (c.464T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA16621938, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.464T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V155G (c.464T>G) and c.463+43A>G

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.463+43A>G

    2. JK340M?? ??? - ?c.233 A[G

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: JK

      Case: M, 40Y0M, Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: One 5 year old female relative (unknown relationship) with the same heterozygous mutation was asymptomatic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737, HP:0010797, HP:0009711, HP:0005584, HP:0030393 (pancreatic cyst, hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_transition

      CivicName: N78S(c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. After genetic counseling and with informed consent, mutation analysis was performed in the parents, a sibling, and, subsequently, in the paternal grandparents. The heterozygous mutation c.491A > G (Q164R) arose de novo in the patient's 31-year-old father who had so far been free of medical complaints and was normotensive (Fig. 2). Upon screening, a retinal angioma, an adenoma of the right adrenal gland of 1.5 cm in diameter, a right-sided renal cyst, an epididymal cyst, a contrast-enhancing lesion in the pancreas and bilateral pheochromocytomas with pronounced tracer-uptake on I-123-MIBG-scan and F-18-DOPA-PET-scan were detected. Noradrenaline, normetanephrine, and plasma-normetanephrine were elevated. Chromogranin A values were increased in plasma. The father underwent laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy and received focal ophthalmologic treatment for the retinal angioma

      PatientID: N/A (father)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 33Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Analyses of his daughter revealed this mutation after adrenal pheochromocytoma were discovered before she was 3Y. Genetic testing was done on this patient, his wife, his other child, and his parents. The mutation was found to have occurred de novo as both of his parents were negative.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0000107; HP:0030424; HP:0006748 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma, endolymphatic sac tumor, adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: After testing of his daughter, this man, free of medical complaints, was screened to find a retinal angioma, an adenoma of the right adrenal gland of 1.5 cm in diameter, a right-sided renal cyst, an epididymal cyst, a contrast-enhancing lesion in the pancreas and bilateral pheochromocytomas with pronounced tracer-uptake on I-123-MIBG-scan and F-18-DOPA-PET-scan were detected. Noradrenaline, normetanephrine, and plasma-normetanephrine were elevated. Chromogranin A values were increased in plasma. The father underwent laparoscopic bilateral adrenalectomy and received focal ophthalmologic treatment for the retinal angioma. 

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q164R (c.491A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2238 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2238/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Q164R (c.491A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 4414

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 7

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Familial VHL stated; 7 family members recorded with this mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 2/7 members had retinal angiomas (hemangiomas), 3 had CNS hemangioblastomas, 1 had RCC and 1 had pheochromocytoma

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151 (type 2 4414NCI)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F119L (c.357C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F190L (c.570C>G)

      ClinVarID: 625240 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625240/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: F119L (c.357C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. a case

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient’s aunt died of a cerebellar tumor of unknown pathology at 30Y. The patient’s father presented with giant pheochromocytoma at age 46, meningothelial meningioma and capillary hemangioblastoma at age 66, and died from cerebral infarctions and RCC at age 69.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V(c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L158V(c.685C>G)

      ClinVarID: 567944, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L158V(c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. a case

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 66Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient’s elder sister died of a cerebellar tumor of unknown pathology at 30Y. As well, the patient’s son presented with cerebellar hemangioblastoma and was diagnosed with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0006880; HP:0100009; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, intracranial meningioma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The 66Y male patient presented with mild dementia, and was found to have multiple tumours in the cerebellum; the tumours were resected, and histological examination determined that the tumours included meningothelial meningioma and a capillary hemangioblastoma. The patient was also found to have renal cell carcinoma, and underwent nephrectomy. The patient had also previously undergone resection for a giant pheochromocytoma associated with malignant hypertension 20 years prior at 46Y. The patient died of multiple cerebral infarctions and RCC three years after the surgery to remove the cerebellar tumours.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V(c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L158V(c.685C>G)

      ClinVarID: 567944, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L158V(c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.472 C>Gap.L158V

      GroupID: 20A

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None. The patient with the given mutation in this study was a VHL patient with pancreatic ICTs.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient has islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V (c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 567944 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L158V (c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.357 C>Gap.F119L

      GroupID: 10B

      DiseaseAssertion: Unknown. Patients were pulled from either the VHL-Registry or NET-Registry and recorded with the given mutation. Symptoms or manifestations are not clear.

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 patients with the given mutation were grouped as group 10(B) in this study. These patients were asymptomatic or unclear of symptoms.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F119L (c.357C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625240 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625240/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: F119L (c.357C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. c.357 C>Gap.F119L

      GroupID: 10A

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 VHL patients with the given VHL mutation and manifestation were grouped in this study.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients have islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor. Other clinical manifestations outside of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor are possible, but were not discussed.

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F119L (c.357C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625240 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625240/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: F119L (c.357C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In family 4, the proband was a female who had a bilateral pheochromocytoma at the age of 46 years that recurred locally with liver metastases a few years later. Her brother had a monolateral benign pheochromocytoma. The proband also had a melanoma and bilateral renal cysts. A VHL sequence variant IVS2 +43 A>G was found in this case and also in one other unrelated sporadic pheochromocytoma. Their VHL mRNA integrity is currently being assessed. The proband had no cerebellar or spinal NMR finding or retinal alterations. Molecular analysis showed the following sequence variants: VHL IVS2 +43 A>G, RET c.2071 G>A p.G691S, SDHD c.34 G>A p.G12S, IVS2-29 A>G, c.204 C>T p.S68S, and IVS3-32 T>C.

      PatientID: 4 (proband)

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 46Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive family history with her brother having a monolateral benign pheochromocytoma

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002861; HP:0000107 (pheochromocytoma; melaonoma; renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bilateral pheochromocytoma at the age of 46Y with a local reccurance a few years later. She also presented with liver metastases from the pheochromocytoma, as well as melanoma and bilateral renal cysts

      CaseNotHPOs: (HP:0006880; HP0009713; HP:0009711)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: She had no cerebellar or spinal hemangiostaomasm nor retinal alterations

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/SDHB/SDHC/SDHD/EGLN3

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+43A>G

      LegacyVariant: IVS1+43A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 1244574 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1244574/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.01186 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188363-A-G

      VariantEvidence: this intronic sequence variant may have a role in VHLd because it was also detected in this study in a case of sporadic pheochromocytoma. However, this variant’s large allele frequency means this is likely non disease causing (not deleterious; polymorphism).

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; intron_variant

      CivicName: c.463+43A>G

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, RET, c.2071G>A (p.Gly691Ser); Germline, SDHD, c.34G>A (p.Gly12Ser); SDHD, (IVS2-29A>G); SDHD c.204C>T (p.Ser68Ser); SDHD (IVS3-32T>C)

    1. PatientID: 12

      KindredID: N/A

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: The authors evaluated 64 VHL patients (32 women and 32 men) with renal involvement of whom 54/64 had undergone renal surgery or a radiofrequency thermal ablation procedure for RCC. In 10/64 VHL patients, at least one or more RCC were diagnosed, however at the time of diagnosis an indication for treatment was not yet present. For all patients several CT/MRI scans existed for retrospective description of tumour growth kinetics.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This is a tumor resolution study (VHL patients were investigated based on the presence of renal tumors.) No other phenotypic information is available.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S1 describes 19 patients with missense mutations, including this patient.

      Variant: p.H115R(c.344A>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.557A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 664415, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/664415/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: H115R (c.344A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 10

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F119L (c.357C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F119L (c.570C>G)

      ClinVarID: 625240 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625240/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: F119L (c.357C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A 3 year-old girl was admitted in the Department of Pediatric Oncology following several months history of febrile episodes, sweating and irritability. Symptoms were first interpreted as being of infectious causes, and that is why she received repeated antibiotic therapies. There was no improvement, and that is why more investigations were performed. An abdominal ultrasound performed in a pediatric hospital revealed a right adrenal tumor mass that prompted the transfer to our unit.Family history: the patient’s mother aged 38 was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma resected when she was the age of 18 years. She presented several relapses, the most recent one at the age of 32, when she was also diagnosed with cerebral angioma. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the VHL c 244 C>G (p. Arg 82 Gly) heterozygote mutation, while the tests for RET, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD were negative.The clinical examination of our patient revealed: pallor, paroxysmal febrile episodes with irritability and sweating, tachycardia (130/min), hypertension (170/126 mmHg). There was no palpable abdominal mass.Abdominal ultrasound: well delimited tumor of the right adrenal gland, 37/34/35 mm in diameter, irregular with transonic inclusions.Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI): right adrenal tumor, 35/42/43 mm in diameter, well delimited, irregular, with marked heterogenous contrast intake, presenting cystic and necrotic areas (Figure 1).Open in a separate windowFigure 1Right adrenal tumor.Serum markers: urinary vanillylmandelic acid (VMA) 31.1 mg/24 h (normal <6.6), neuron specific enolase (NSE) 59.79 ng/ml (normal <17), ferritin 306.6 ng/ml (normal range 6–67), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) 333 IU/L (normal range 125–300).Genetic examination: VHL c 244 C>G (p. Arg 82 Gly) heterozygotic mutation.Management: Complete surgical resection was performed with special precautions, but it was uneventful and blood pressure instantly dropped to normal.Go to:PathologyMacroscopic encapsuled 40/40/30 mm tumor, delimited by a bright yellow rim. The tumor is nodular with small hemorrhagic and necrotic areas.Microscopy: adrenal gland is compressed by a well delimited tumor made by cell nests of variable dimensions, separated by a reduced vascular connective stroma (Zellballen), with relatively numerous mitoses (8/10 High Power Field - HPF), most of them typical, very few atypical, extensive necrosis and vascular invasion. The aspect is suggestive for a malignant pheochromocytoma with Pheochromocytoma of the Adrenal gland Scaled Score (PASS) score 7: vascular invasion (1), necrosis (2), mitoses (2) (Figure 2).Open in a separate windowFigure 2Example of light microscopy image of sections from the excised tumor showing characteristics of malignant pheochromocytoma (Zellballen with central necrosis), hematoxylin eosin (HE) stain (10X).Go to:OutcomeAfter 6 months of follow-up, the patient is without any clinical symptoms, with normal blood pressure, no tumor markers, no evidence of tumor on cerebral and abdominal MRI and a normal ophthalmoscopy.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 3Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Mother aged 38 was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma resected when she was the age of 18 years. She presented several relapses, the most recent one at the age of 32, when she was also diagnosed with cerebral angioma. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the VHL c 244 C>G (p. Arg 82 Gly) heterozygote mutation, while the tests for RET, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD were negative.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001954; HP:0000980; HP:0001649; HP:0000822; HP:0002666; HP:0006748 (Recurrent fever, Pallor, Tachycardia, Hypertension, Pheochromocytoma, Adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Several months history of febrile episodes, sweating and irritability. An abdominal ultrasound performed in a pediatric hospital revealed a right adrenal tumor mass. The clinical examination of our patient revealed: pallor, paroxysmal febrile episodes with irritability and sweating, tachycardia, hypertension. There was no palpable abdominal mass. Abdominal ultrasound showed a tumor of the right adrenal gland. MRI showed a right adrenal tumor confirmed by pathology to be a malignant pheochromocytoma. After 6 months from the complete resection of the tumor, the daughter is without any clinical symptoms, with normal blood pressure, normal ophthalmoscopy, no tumor markers and no evidence of tumor on cerebral or abdominal MRI.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R82G (c.244C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 1297059, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1297059/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R82G (c.244C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 171Yes101015b––Partial deletion–Rearrangement–

      GroupID: None

      KindredID: 17

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 10

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: American Admixed /Latino

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 10 members of a South American family expressed this c.183C>G mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0009711, HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: All 10 family members had a central nervous system hemangioblastoma. One also had a retinal angioma. Five had renal carcinoma. One patient per family with renal tumour <3 cm under follow up detected by imaging.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002894, HP:0002666 (neoplasm of the pancreas, pheochromocytoma )

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: P61= (183C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 135951 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/135951/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0009632 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183714-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P61=(c.183C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, Partial Deletion

    1. The genetic testing revealed the presence of NF1 germline mutation (c.3516_3517delTC, p.D1172DfsX21). However, while the genetic analysis of the RET proto-oncogene did not reveal any mutation, the screening of the VHL gene revealed the presence of a so far undescribed missense variant (c.788 C>G, p.Pro192Arg). Both variants were present in the mother and absent in the healthy son.

      PatientID: 1 (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 70Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: NF1

      FamilyInfo: Her son bearing the clinical characteristics of NF 1 died at the age of 17Y from an undefined malignancy. The patient has another son, 40 years old, who is clinically well.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0000843; HP:0002865 (pheochromocytoma; hyperparathyroidism; medullary thyroid cancer)

      CaseHPOFreeText: diagnosed with an isolated pheochromocytoma of the right adrenal gland underwent adrenalectomy) at 20Y. Further diagnosed with hyperparathyroidism and medullary thyroid cancer, having the full spectrum of the clinical picture of the MEN2A syndrome. Patient was diagnosed with NF1 at 20Y with multiple café–au-lait spots on her back and lower limbs were identified. She also had multiple dermal neurofibromas on the abdomen and lower limbs. Her medical history included diabetes mellitus type II, as well as hypertension.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: MRI of the brain was performed at 20Y, which did not reveal any brain neurofibromas.

      CasePreviousTesting: NF1, RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P192R (c.575C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.P192R (c.788C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 825946 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/825946/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: According to in silico analysis and clinical history of the patient, VHL was more likely a rare polymorphic variant of the population of patient’s origin, rather than a disease causing mutation.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P192R (c.575C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, NF1, c.3516_3517delTC, p.D1172Dfs*21

    1. The VHL mutation pattern includes point mutations, small deletions and large deletions.

      PatientID: VH3

      KindredID: F2

      Case: F, 18Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history of pheo (type 2 VHL) - Her asymptomatic sibling however was tested and did not carry the mutation nor had large deletion.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405 (pheochromocytoma; pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 24735130

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+3A>G

      LegacyVariant: IVS2+3A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428796 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428796/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (c.463+3A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID/ KindredID: VHL 13

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: One patient with the given mutation is stated to belong to VHL family 13

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0000107; HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, renal cyst, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161G (c.481C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.R161G (c.694C>G)

      ClinVarID: 618484 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/618484

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R161G (c.481C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Case report: We present a case of a compound heterozygote patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease and familial erythrocytosis type 2. One of the mutations found in our patient, c.416C>G (p.Ser139Cys) of the VHL gene, has not been previously reported. This case is the second one reported where von Hippel-Lindau disease and familial erythrocytosis type 2 coexist in the same individual.

      PatientID: Case

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 9Y5M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patient has a large family history of VHL disease (4 generations). 12 other members are reported in Fig 1. as having VHLd although their genotyping is not availably discussed. Only the proband’s mother was said to have the disease and the Exon 3 deletion, passing away due to complications of a hemangioblastoma in the CNS.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030424 (Epididymal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This is a pediatric patient with both familial erythrocytosis type 2 and VHL disease. First diagnosed with polyglobulia (polycythemia) at 8Y. A physical examination showed a tumor in the right testicle (cyst in the right epididymis)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Several studies were conducted, such as venous blood gas, lung VQ scan, echocardiogram, cardiac catheterization, bone marrow aspirate, bone biopsy, respiratory function analysis, and ocular fundus study, all of which were reported as normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S139C (c.416C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 135956 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/135956/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00008130 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188273-C-G

      VariantEvidence: This is a case of a compound heterozygote patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease and familial erythrocytosis type 2. c.416C>G (p.Ser139Cys) and deletion of exon 3 of the VHL gene coexist in the same individual. This should explain the polyglobulia found in the case.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: Exon 3 deletion AND S139C (c.416C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, exon 3 deletion

    1. c.463 + 43A > G (intron 2)

      GroupID/ KindredID: None

      DiseaseAssertion: dilatation of the cerebral artery

      GroupSize: 8

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 8 patients are listed with this SNP mutation; any relation is unknown.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0004944 (dilatation of the cerebral artery)

      GroupHPOFreeText: All members are stated to have intracranial aneurysms. Other manifestations are possible but not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+43A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 1244574 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1244574/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.01186 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10188363-A-G

      VariantEvidence: This variant’s large allele frequency means this is likely non disease causing (not deleterious; polymorphism).

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; intron_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (463+43A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: None (20)

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This family group of 2 individuals have clinically confirmed VHL disease. These individuals were found to harbor a c.463+3A>G splice variant (noted in the paper as c.676+3A>G due to Latif reference transcript being used).

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients within this family were found to have a clinical diagnosis of VHL disease. No VHL clinical phenotypes were explicitly stated other than retinal angiomatosis in at least one patient.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+3A>G

      LegacyVariant: c.676+3A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428796, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428796/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; splice_site_variant

      CivicName: c.463+3A>G

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. GroupID: 10

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 41 non-related patients with retinal angiomatosis between 1988 and 1999 were evaluated.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 28a6Mc.353T>G2Missensep.Leu118Arg13P, mu, AP, H Asynchronous

      PatientID: 28

      KindredID: 6

      Case: M, 13Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 2 members of this family, IDs #28 (13Y, M) and #29 (19Y, F) presented with the same variant and pheochromocytoma. Patient #28 also presented with head and neck as well as abdominal paraganglioma.

      CohortInfo: Thirty-one subjects were included in this study consisting of 16 SDHB mutation carriers and 15 subjects with VHL disease followed-up between 1975 and 2008. Subjects were included in the study if they had complete imaging from the base of the skull to the pelvis and measurements of urinary or plasma catecholamines. The case-notes and hospital databases were examined for the required data, which included: age at first symptom/diagnosis, family history, disease penetrance, site and size of tumor, symptoms, secretion of catecholamines, multifocal disease, metastatic disease, treatment and disease outcome.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma, Parganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Head and neck paraganglioma, abdominal paraganglioma and multifocal pheochromocytoma. 13Y at VHL diagnosis.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L118R (c.353T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428802, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428802/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L118R (c.353T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In a family with VHL, we identified a novel missense mutation (N78D), which affects a fully conserved residue in the VHL protein. Interestingly, several other missense mutations reported at same codon in the VHL protein that might be associated with a low risk of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) but not pheochromocytoma appear to be associated with a VHL type 1 phenotype. At the moment, RCC is present in none of the affected mutation carriers in the family described here. In contrast to other missense changes at codon 78, the change in our VHL family is predicted to have a mild effect on VHL function, which apparently is insufficient to cause predisposition to RCC.

      PatientID: II-3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 35Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Reported 3 siblings (II:3, II:6, II:7) of a family clinically diagnosed as having VHL type 1 was identified with the c.232A>G mutation. Two female siblings (II:1, II:2) died from CHB. Three (II:3, II:6, II:7) of the ten siblings had multiple CNS haemangioblastomas, and all tested positive for the mutation. The age of onset for all patients varied from 20 to 25 years, and it was likely inherited from the mother who had died at the age of 40 years due to haemangioblastoma (in the medulla oblongata), and hydrocephalus after having multiple operations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713; HP:0006880; HP:0030393; HP:0001737; HP:0000107 (spinal hemangioblastoma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma; endolymphatic sac tumor; pancreatic cysts; renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with headache, tinnitus and abdominal pain. She had a history of endolymphatic sac tumors (ELSTs) treated by surgery. She had cerebellar/spinal haemangioblastomas, pancreas and kidney cystic masses.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78D (c.232A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625226 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625226/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78D (c.232A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 2Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion:Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The patient's father had the p.P2P VHL mutation as well as another VHL mutation (p.P81S) and presented with renal cell carcinoma. The patient's uncles had this p.P81S mutation but were both asymptomatic. The patient's paternal grandmother also had this mutation and had breast cancer. See Figure 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText:N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P2= (c.6C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 456593 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/456593/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183537-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P2= (c.6C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 4 Missense p.(Asn78Ser) 1 0

      GroupID: 4

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      Group size: 1

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      Group Info: Retrospective analysis of a longitudinal cohort of 21 VHL germline mutation carriers and retinal haemangioblastomas. All patients were categorized in two genotypic categories: missense mutations and truncating mutations. 

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: The patient presented with retinal capillary hemangioma.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Chr3(GRCh37): g.10183764A>G

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A 15-year-old male with isolated left-sided hearing loss for more than 3 months was referred to the department of otorhinolaryngology with the suspected diagnosis of cholesteatoma. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the temporal bone, showing osseous destructions in the area of the jugular foramen but relatively little affection of the middle ear, had been performed prior to referral (Fig. 1). The patient had no vertigo, pain, or otorrhea, and the auditory canal and tympanic membrane appeared normal. For further evaluation, pure-tone audiometry showing a 40 to 75 dB conductive hearing loss over all frequencies, tympanometry showing a flat curve, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the temporal bone were performed. The first MRI images showed a lesion with polycyclic borders and osseo-destructive components in the left temporal bone.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 15Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had isolated left-sided hearing loss for more than 3 months. MRI showed a highly enhancing mass in the left temporal bone in the region of the jugular foramen, that measured 3.4 × 2.3 × 3.3 cm and exhibited a salt and pepper pattern in some areas. Definite histology confirmed ELST, and because a radical resection could not be guaranteed due to the highly infiltrative growth of the tumor, postoperative stereotactic radiation was initiated. The patient also had angiomatous lesions of the nasal and pharyngeal mucosa.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: The patient was screened for other VHL-associated tumors by fundoscopy and whole body positron-emission tomography-computed tomography, which did not show any pathological findings.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1.  Sister 12c.349T > G, p.Trp117Gly–––53––

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 6

      Case: F, 53Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive. The patient's sibling was the proband and had the mutation c.349T>G presenting with renal cell carcinoma, retinal angioma, hemangioblastoma, abnormality of the pancreas, and epididymal or ovarian cystadenoma.The patient's mother, aunt, grandmother, brother 1 and 2, and sister 3 all passed before they could undergo genetic testing but had a variety of VHL presentations. The patient's third nephew were confirmed to have this genetic mutation. The nephew had hemangioblastoma and retinal angioma at age 13. Additional familial phenotypes can be found in Table 1.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with abnormality of the pancreas at age 53.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0005584, HP:0009711, HP:0010797 (pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: The patient did not have a cystadenoma of the ovary.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29330336

      Variant: p.W117G (c.349T>G)

      LegacyVariant:N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 862346 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/862346/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:W117G (c.349T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Family 6+2c.349T > G, p.Trp117GlyYes136444440–44

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 6

      Case: Sex Unknown, 44Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive. Patient's son who was confirmed to have this mutation presented with hemangioblastoma at age 12. The patient's mother, aunt, grandmother, brother 1 and 2, and sister 3 all passed before they could undergo genetic testing but had a variety of VHL presentations. The patient's first sister and third nephew were confirmed to have this genetic mutation. The first sister presented with abnormality of the pancreas at age 53. The nephew had hemangioblastoma and retinal angioma at age 13. Additional familial phenotypes can be found in Table 1.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0005584, HP:0001732, HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, abnormality of the pancreas, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with hemangioblastoma at age 36. At age 40 he/she presented with pancreatic cysts or tumours. At age 44 the patient had retinal angioma, renal cell carcinoma, and epididymal or ovarian cystadenoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29330336

      Variant: p.W117G (c.349T>G)

      LegacyVariant:N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 862346 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/862346/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:W117G (c.349T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. This mutation was inherited from the paternal allele

      PatientID: None (father)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: No significant family history.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V194G (c.581T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428810, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428810/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: In silico analysis was performed using the PolyPhen-2 program and SIFT analysis. In the PolyPhen-2 analysis, the prediction score was 1.000, which indicated “probably damaging.” In addition, SIFT analysis of V194G indicated a SIFT score of 0, which indicates a seriously damaging mutation.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V194G (c.581T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 7M–1c.233A > Gp.Asn78Ser11414––14, M14, B4

      PatientID: 7

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 14Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CohortInfo: Thirteen unrelated patients with germline VHL mutations who were diagnosed with VHL disease were evaluated.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0000107, HP:0009711, HP:0001737(hemangioblastoma, renal cyst, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was found to have a CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, multiple pancreatic cysts and bilateral renal cysts at age 14. MRI of the brain showed a tiny well-enhanced nodule at the cervicomedullary junction with an adjacent prominent vascular structure.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584, HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 105

      KindredID: 105

      Case: Sex Unknown, 33Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history noted but no details provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst or tumor, renal cystic lesion and retinal hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0002666 (Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 110

      KindredID: 110

      Case: Sex Unknown, 59Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history noted but no details provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732; HP:0002666 (Abnormality of the pancreas, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Pancreatic cyst or tumor and pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0006770 (Renal cyst, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 2 43 c.464T>G p.Val155Gly x x De novo Parents, sibling, and nephew -

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, 43Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Parents, siblings and nephew were negative for the mutation confirming that this variant was de novo in the proband. No phenotype details are noted for these family members.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0006770; HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Renal cyst, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.V155G (c.464T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA16621938, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.464T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V155G (c.464T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 214

      KindredID: 214

      Case: Sex Unknown, 33Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737, HP:0010797, HP:0000107 (pancreatic cyst, hemangioblastoma, renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0006770, HP:0009711 (pheochromocytoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2, S3.

      Variant: p.S65W(c.194C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID:43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: CA020099 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.194C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType:missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W(c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2bF““““PPGL, HBA CNS/Ret, RCC, PanNET

      PatientID: 2b

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: An unspecified relative (proband - 2a) had the same mutation with renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts and pancreatic endocrine tumors.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0002668; HP:0030405 (renal cell carcinoma; hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; pancreatic cyst; pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MEN1/ RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. (c.233A>G [p.Asn78Ser]

      PatientID: 5

      KindredID: 5

      Case: 28Y0M, Sex unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs:  HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma first presenting at age 28Y and RCC at age 28Y

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009715; HP:0002666 (Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 4

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 52Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005562; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; (Renal neoplasm, Multiple renal cysts, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient 4 was a 52-year-old female a medical history of synchronous bilateral solid renal tumors, multiple renal cysts, retinal angioma, pancreatic cyst.

      CaseNotHPOs:None

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.446A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: CA351749194

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.223A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 7977367

      KindredID: 21

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This is a family belonging to prefigure No. 21. They are described as ‘VHL-affected’.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: RCC-affected; other manifestations are possible but not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D121G (c.362A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.D192G (c.575A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223200 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223200/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: D121G (c.362A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. F 18 VHL 2 B/L PCC, PNET c. IVS2+3A>G ?splice site

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, 18Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405 (pheochromocytoma; pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had a bilateral pheochromocytoma and PNETs

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ SDHC

      PreviouslyPublished: 23397066

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.463+3A>G

      LegacyVariant: c.IVS2+3A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428796 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428796/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (c.463+3A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Here, we report imaging findings in a VHL patient and in 3 consecutive family members undergoing clinical and radiological screening that included [111ln-DTPA0] octreotide scintigraphy in addition to the above-mentioned procedures.

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 30Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 4 patients from the same family (2 male 2 female; age range 27-35Y) carry this mutation (c.509T>G).

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: scans showed he was affected by retinal angiomas, bilateral adrenal pheochromocytoma, 2 intra-foraminal masses at the S1 level (suggestive of sacral paragangliomas), and a solid hypervascular lesion in the right carotid region (indicative of intercarotid paraganglioma).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: IV (from Hemangioma VHL Associated Group)

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Studied 36 VHL-related pheochromocytoma by comparative genomic hybridization. In addition, we compared their genetic profiles with those of (1) multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2)-related pheochromocytomas; (2) previously reported sporadic pheochromocytomas; and (3) VHL-related CNS hemangioblastomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had VHL associated hemangioblastoma (table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MEN1 and SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      ClinVarID: 223227, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. GroupID: II (from Hemangioma VHL Associated Group)

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Studied 36 VHL-related pheochromocytoma by comparative genomic hybridization. In addition, we compared their genetic profiles with those of (1) multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN 2)-related pheochromocytomas; (2) previously reported sporadic pheochromocytomas; and (3) VHL-related CNS hemangioblastomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had two VHL associated hemangioblastomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MEN1 and SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 France c.275A>G p.Asp92Gly

      GroupID: 8

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Unknown. 1 registrant was found with this variant; no family info was mentioned

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D92G (c.275A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351750765 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.275A%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: D92G (c.275A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. missense mutations

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 160

      Case: Age, sex ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: unknown; paper focused only on pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: No specific family info was present; although this was recorded as a family germline mutation belonging to Family ID 160

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unknown or unstated.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Unknown evidence for phenochromocytoma (neither yes nor no was stated) in this family

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. P86R (25) 4 

      GroupID: None

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales:N/A

      GroupNumberFemales:N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: ≥12

      GroupInfo: The four patients were grouped by mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs:N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P86R(c.257C>G)

      LegacyVariant:N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223170 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223170/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P86R(c.257C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. N78S (24) 4 

      GroupID: None

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales:N/A

      GroupNumberFemales:N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: ≥12

      GroupInfo: The four patients were grouped by mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs:N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished:N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S(c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType:missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S(c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 6 21.5 Retinal angioma, cysts of pancreas and kidney Yes Germline C to G base change at nucleotide 363 of exon 1, and G to T base change at −1 position of splice acceptor sequence for exon 3

      PatientID: 6

      KindredID: 6

      Case: F, 21Y6M, ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive history, with symptomatic father (no mutation known)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0000107 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; pancreatic cysts; renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.464-1G>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223221 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223221/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Compound heterozygous: Germline C to G base change at nucleotide 150 of exon 1, and G to T base change at -1 position of splice acceptor sequence for exon 3

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: [A50= (c.150C>G) and] Splice Site (c.463-1G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.150C>G (p.Ala50Ala)

    1. missense

      PatientID: 56

      KindredID: None

      Case: Age and Sex unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, renal cyst, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405; HP:0030393 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumour, Endolymphatic sac tumour)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes; See Suppl 1 (Supporting table)

      Variant: p.N131K (c.393C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753948 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.393C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: N131K (c.393C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 14EP 1.0VVHLVHL({"type":"entrez-nucleotide","attrs":{"text":"NM_000551.4","term_id":"1779521775","term_text":"NM_000551.4"}}NM_000551.4):c.407T>G (p. Phe136Cys)

      PatientID: 14

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unclear the exact manifestations; only stated VHL

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: MAX, NF1, RET, SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD, TMEM127

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: p.F136C (c.407T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496065/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Described by authors as likely pathogenic.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: F136C (c.407T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome predisposing to the development of retinal and central nervous system haemangioblastomas, pheochromocytomas, renal and pancreatic cancer. In the course of a molecular analysis conducted to detect germline mutations of this gene in von Hippel-Lindau patients and individuals affected by sporadic tumors, we have identified a case of somatic mosaicism in the asymptomatic mother of a VHL patient who was subsequently diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. This is the first report providing molecular evidence of somatic mosaicism in von Hippel-Lindau disease. Mosaicism could provide some genetic explanation for the clinical heterogeneity and variable severity of the VHL phenotype, and should be considered, as a possible event when evaluating sporadic cases of VHL or patients with isolated VHL-related tumors. Hum Mutat 15:114, 2000.

      PatientID: mother

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 48Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: The 50 year-old husband and 22 year-old sister were asymptomatic. Her 26 year-old son displayed pheochromocytoma, renal cysts, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, and retinal capillary hemangioma. He presented with the c.481C>G mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0002666 (renal cyst; pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Originally referred to as referred to as totally asymptomatic, until testing on her son. A renal ultrasound revealed the presence of bilateral micro-cysts; a CT scan detected a pheochromocytoma that was subsequently removed. Both were clinically silent.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161G (c.481C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.R161G (c.694C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 618484 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/618484

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Despite the identical bandshifting to her son, there were differences in the intensity of the aberrant bands (Fig.1a), suggested that the mother could be a somatic mosaic. To test this hypothesis the molecular analysis was repeated on tissues of different embryonic origin. DNA extracted from the mother's buccal mucosa showed higher levels of intensity of the same altered bands (Fig. 1b). The amplification products of exon 3 of the two mutated individuals were subjected to Fok I digestions that further confirmed the presence of mosaicism in the mother, as evidenced by the lower intensity of the fragments generated by the newly created restriction site (Fig.2).

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R161G (c.481C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 1347

      KindredID: 363

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral). Individual RCC phenotype is noted as positive.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 12202531

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.533T>G p.Leu178Arg

      PatientID: None (proband 10’s son)

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, 30Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s father was found with hemangioblastoma diagnosed at 39Y, as well as retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts diagnose at 57Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had RCC diagnosed at 30Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.533T>G p.Leu178Arg

      PatientID: None (proband 10)

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, 57Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s son was found with the same mutation, as well as RCC diagnosed at 30Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had hemangioblastoma diagnosed at 39Y, as well as retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts diagnose at 57Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. #9Multiple retinal HMB (36)32c.340+617C>G‡NANANANANANAPathogenic

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, 68Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: retinal capillary hemangioma

      FamilyInfo: The patient's mother also carried the variant and had her first screening at the age of 70 years old, which diagnosed one pancreatic cyst and multiple vertebral body haemangiomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: A retinal HB diagnosed first at 36Y was found, with follow up of a 32 year duration.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: c.340+617C>G

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA915941841 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.340%2B617C>G

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; intron_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.340+617C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The boy's father was the index case and had the same mutation with an exclusive expression of the disease in the adrenal gland. The father had been operated on for a bilateral pheochromocytoma at 12 years of age. Genetic screening of the patient at 7 years of age revealed the same mutation as his father without any expression of the disease at diagnosis.

      PatientID: N/A (index case - father)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 15Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Adrenal Pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s son was molecularly diagnosed with a VHL mutation at 7Y0M, which was followed by annual follow ups. At 13-years-old the patient was rushed to the hospital due to polyuria, headache, flushes, and abnormal perspiration. Abdominal ultrasonography and MRI revealed an adrenal gland tumor. Patient was treated with antihypertensive bitherapy for his high blood pressure. Adrenalectomy was performed, followed by slowly weaning the patient of the medications. At the last follow up 2 years after surgery, there has been no recurrence.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (Adrenal Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had adrenal pheochromocytoma, which was operated on at 12 years of age. 

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID/ KindredID: F35

      Case: Sex unknown, 21Y0M, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: familial antecedents found with pancreatic tumors

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0009711; HP:0006880; HP:0001737 (renal cysts, retinal capillary hemangioma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Age of onset is 21Y0M.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0002666 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V (c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 567944 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L158V (c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 12053037

      PatientID: 1 (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 9Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A - Details about the family history of this boy are unknown because the father left the family and his relations are unable to be found. Ten siblings from different fathers are healthy.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002668; HP:0002666 (paraganglioma; pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: metachronous paraganglioma adjacent to the opposite adrenal gland. A retropleural tumor was confirmed by MRI (of the fourth thoracic vertebra). MRI of the abdomen revealed a binodular tumor of 5 ! 2 ! 3 cm cranially and medially to the right kidney

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Internal and skin examination were unremarkable, especially café-au-lait spots of the skin were not present.

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: (c.406T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: A point mutation (406 T>G) found on exon 1, leads to the assumption of reference sequence used and Latif et al. (1993), translating to NM_000551.3 (c.406T>G).

      ClinVarID: 223160 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 21 missense mutations

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: 81

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: One other member belonging to family 81 was mentioned (Patient: 1). This patient was found to have a pancreatic endocrine tumour without pheochromocytoma or renal cell carcinoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405; HP:0002666 (pancreatic endocrine tumour, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, 60Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: It is stated that the eight VHL patients were selected from the group of familial VHL patients. Assuming there is family history.

      CohortInfo: Eight patients with VHL disease with pheochromocytoma, eight patients with MEN2 and pheochromocytoma, and 10 sporadic patients.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748, HP:0010797, HP:0005584, HP:0030405, HP:0009711, HP:0030393 (adrenal pheochromocytoma, hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic endocrine tumour, retinal capillary hemangioma, endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a right adrenal pheochromocytoma at age 35. The patient had two pheochromocytomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0008221 (Adrenal hyperplasia)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: The patient did not have adrenomedullary hyperplasia.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Suspected to be, but not mentioned in paper. Paper says, the eight VHL patients were selected from the group of familial VHL patients withknown VHL germline mutations followed on a clinical protocol at the Urologic Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health (NIH).

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

  2. Nov 2026
    1. GroupID/ KindredID: F15

      Case: Sex unknown, 32Y0M, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Noted of familial antecedents of phaeochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral pheo. Age of onset is 32Y0M.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0000107; HP:0006880; HP:0001737; HP:0009711 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, renal cysts, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y175C (c.524A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 36905 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36905/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y175C (c.524A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 51

      Case: M, 41Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 190 patients recruited by the COMETE network over 15 years were included in the study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had one benign pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Patient information was extracted from Table 1 of Supplementary.

      Variant: p.Y175* (c.525C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: The protein change was written as Thr175 in the Supplemental but the nucleotide change corresponds to Tyr175.

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182974 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182974/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Y175* (c.525C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.349T>G p.Trp117Gly

      PatientID: III:7

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 13Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 8 other members of this 3 generation family were observed to be affected with various presentations of VHL. This patient’s father and 3 cousins were confirmed with identical mutations. DNA samples were not available for all members in the family however.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: had hemangioblastoma at 13Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W117G (c.349T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 862346 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/862346/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: W117G (c.349T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 467A→G Ts Exon 3 156 TAT Y Y156C

      GroupID: 38

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 3 patients are listed with this mutation; any relation is unknown.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 1 member is said to have retinal HBs. Other manifestations are not clearly stated.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: the other 2 members are specifically said to not have retinal HBs

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N.A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transtition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. von Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome predisposing to the development of retinal and central nervous system haemangioblastomas, pheochromocytomas, renal and pancreatic cancer. In the course of a molecular analysis conducted to detect germline mutations of this gene in von Hippel-Lindau patients and individuals affected by sporadic tumors, we have identified a case of somatic mosaicism in the asymptomatic mother of a VHL patient who was subsequently diagnosed with pheochromocytoma. This is the first report providing molecular evidence of somatic mosaicism in von Hippel-Lindau disease. Mosaicism could provide some genetic explanation for the clinical heterogeneity and variable severity of the VHL phenotype, and should be considered, as a possible event when evaluating sporadic cases of VHL or patients with isolated VHL-related tumors. Hum Mutat 15:114, 2000.

      PatientID: 1 (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 26Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The 50 year-old father, 48 year-old mother and 22 year-old sister were asymptomatic. All were tested which confirmed the presence of mosaicism in the mother. This was said to be somatic mosaicism. She also presented with clinically silent renal cysts and pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0000107; HP:0006880; HP:0009711 (pheochromocytoma; renal cyst; cerebellar hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 26Y, he had cerebellar hemangioblastoma, retinal hemangioma and multiple bilateral renal cysts. He also had bilateral pheochromocytomas which were removed.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161G (c.481C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.R161G (c.694C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 618484 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/618484

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This mutation created a new FokI restriction site.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R161G (c.481C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 2 (Sister)

      KindredID: 7

      Case: F, 11Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 6 members of this family were found to harbor the c.319C>G germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 11 presented with renal and pancreatic abnormalities, pheochromocytoma and other undefined phenotypes. ID 1 presented with pheochromocytoma. ID 24 presented with renal abnormalities, and pheochromocytoma, and died at age 62. ID 10 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, pancreatic abnormalities and pheochromocytoma. ID 4 presented with pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with pancreatic abnormalities (9Y).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0010797; HP:0002666; HP:0000077 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma, Abnormality of the kidney)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. missense variants

      PatientID: 32

      KindredID: 32

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0010797; HP:0100634 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, hemangioblastoma, neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma, Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 1 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.S65A (c.193T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223160 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223160

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S65A (c.193T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. missense variants

      PatientID: 61

      KindredID: 61

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0030405; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (hemangioblastoma; pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, retinal capillary hemangioma; Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0100634; HP:0006770 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 7 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 21 missense mutations

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 81

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: One other member belonging to family 81 was mentioned (Patient: 9). This patient was found to have a pancreatic endocrine tumour and pheochromocytoma, without renal cell carcinoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumour)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 363

      KindredID: 363

      Case: Sex Unknown, 44Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0006770; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Retinal hemangioblastoma, CNS hemangioblastoma and Clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0000107; HP:0001732 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

      Variant: p.L184R (c.551T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756355, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.551T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L184R (c.551T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. along with a silent mutation p.P2P (c.6C>G) in the VHL gene

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 31Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's brother carried the mutation. The proband’s paternal uncle died from metastasizing RCC at 46 years of age, and the proband’s father died from urosepsis in relation to bladder cancer in situ at the age of 56. Neither of these men were able to undergo genetic testing. The patient's mother was found to carry the mutation and had breast cancer. The maternal grandmother as well as a half brother were found to harbour the mutation but were asymptomatic. The proband's child was found to have a different VHL mutation (p.P2P). See Figure 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with renal cell carcinoma at age 29.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P2= (c.6C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 456593 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/456593/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183537-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P2=(c.6C>G) and P81S(c.241C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.241C>T (p.Pro81Ser)

    1. In the 14 VHL patients

      PatientID: Case 11

      KindredID: 11

      Case: Gender Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: No individual phenotypic information was given.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98C(c.293A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223176, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223176

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98C(c.293A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Meanwhile, it was also found that the guanine replaced the 559th cytosine on one patient and two carriers from the third family, which made the 116th leucine replaced by valine.

      PatientID: II-4

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, Age Unknown (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: CNS Hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: The transition mutation was found and confirmed in 1 patient (II-3) and 2 carriers (III-7, IV-2). 5 members, including II-4, had hemangioblastomas of the CNS, but had all passed away before genetic testing. Could be assumed and deduced the genetics due to pedigree showing future linear relations of this mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L116V (c.346C>G) [assumed]

      LegacyVariant: p.L116V (c.559C>G) [assumed]

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753642 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.346C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: No genetic testing was done prior to death, however family history and presentation leads to this assumption

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L116V (c.346C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Meanwhile, it was also found that the guanine replaced the 559th cytosine on one patient and two carriers from the third family, which made the 116th leucine replaced by valine.

      PatientID: IV-2

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The transition mutation was found and confirmed in this patient, his great-aunt, and his first-cousin once removed. 5 additional members had hemangioblastomas of the CNS, but had all passed away before genetic testing. Could be assumed and deduced the genetics due to pedigree showing future linear relations of this mutation. His mother, two uncles, and grandfather are all individuals with hemangioblastomas who have passed away.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Stated as carrier, however he is young (likely before the age of onset)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L116V (c.346C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L116V (c.559C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753642 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.346C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L116V (c.346C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Three of her four sons were found to carry the mutation. Clinical screening of all 3 disclosed a 2.4-cm abdominal paraganglioma in one of them but no lesion in the other brothers.

      PatientID: N/A (son 3)

      KindredID: 12

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: His mother and two other brothers presented with the mutation. One brothers was asymptomatic, while the youngest had a paraganglioma lesion; his mother had pheo and paragangliomas

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Nothing was found through screening

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.Y156C

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: The publication only provides the p., the mutation was able to be deduced to p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. the patient’s mother aged 38 was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma resected when she was the age of 18 years. She presented several relapses, the most recent one at the age of 32, when she was also diagnosed with cerebral angioma. Genetic testing revealed the presence of the VHL c 244 C>G (p. Arg 82 Gly) heterozygote mutation, while the tests for RET, SDHB, SDHC and SDHD were negative.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 38Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo:

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001028 (Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma resected when she was the age of 18 years. She presented several relapses, the most recent one at the age of 32, when she was also diagnosed with cerebral angioma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHC, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R82G (c.244C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 1297059, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1297059/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R82G (c.244C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 12 missenses

      GroupID/ KindredID: 4

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: With a family history, 3 family members were recorded in this group with the given mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001732 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; pancreatic lesion)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 2 members had CNS hemangioblastomas, 1 member had retinal angiomas, and 1 had pancreatic cysts or tumors (an abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No family members appeared to have the above manifestation.

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V74G (c.221T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.V74G (c.434T>G)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA70042528 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.221T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V74G (c.221T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78.

      PatientID: III-9

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: Age unknown, M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patient and her unaffected spouse (patient 1) had four children; one died and was affected, two (patient 5 and 7) had both mutations and presented with pheochromocytoma, and one child (patient 6) was unaffected and carried neither mutation. Patient 7 had a child (patient 9) who also carried both mutations and presented with pheochromocytoma. Furthermore, this patient's brother (patient 3) carried both mutations and presented with pheochromocytoma. He had a child with patient (4) who was unaffected. Their child (patient 8) carried both mutations and presented with pheochromocytoma. Patient 8 had two children; one that did not carry the mutation and was unaffected (patient 10) and another that carried both mutations but was disease free (patient 11). See Figure 3 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 8772572, 7563486

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L188V (c.775C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: CA020488 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.562C%3EG

      gnomAD: 0.00002121 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: P81S (c.241C>T) and L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.241C>T (p.Pro81Ser)

    1. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 3Y0M, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history was remarkable for a renal tumor in the paternal grandmother at age 65, treated by nephrectomy in 1998. Furthermore, a maternal uncle had a history of thyroid cancer, and a maternal cousin had a history of breast cancer. The patient’s parents and a 13-year-old half-brother were healthy.

      CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0005584, HP:0000790 ( renal cell carcinoma, hematuria)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Computed tomographic scan showed a right renal mass. The tumor was impinging on the renal sinus and extended to the renal capsule. The patient underwent a right nephrectomy. In addition, one of five hilar lymph nodes was positive for metastatic disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p. L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/

      ClinVar: 2225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00002121 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: t(X;1)(p11.2; p34.3)

    1. unilateral PHEOs (Fig. 1a): her father (II:1) at age 73, her 34-year-old brother (III:2), her paternal aunt in her 40s (II:4), and the aunt’s 12-year-old son (III:7)

      PatientID: III:7

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 12Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Look to proband (III:3) for extensive family info.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral pheochromocytoma diagnosed at age 12.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Figure 1.

      PatientID: III:5

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: Look to proband (III:3) for extensive family info.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 233

      KindredID: 86

      Case: M, 30Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 229) had a sister (patient 230) who was genetically confirmed with the mutation, and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 40. The proband's brother 1 (patient 231) was also confirmed with the mutation and had a retinal angioma at 25, and renal cell carcinoma at 54. The proband's brother 2 passed away before they could be diagnosed/ confirmed with the mutation, but they had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 35. Finally, the proband's nephew (son of brother 2) was genetically confirmed with the mutation and presented with renal cell carcinoma at age 30.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's nephew (son of brother 2) (patient 233) had a renal cell carcinoma at age 30.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 58Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient had family history of VHL disease. Patient’s nephew presented with renal cell carcinoma at 30, patient's sister/brother presented with a hemangioblastoma at age 39 and then retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, and abnormality of the pancreas at age 57. Patient’s sister presented with a hemangioblastoma at age 40. All three of these family members were genetically tested and possessed the same mutation. Patient’s other brother presented with a hemangioblastoma at age 35 but died before diagnosis and genetic testing.

      CohortInfo: 16 Chinese patients clinically diagnosed with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711, HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with retinal hemangioma at age 25 and renal cell carcinoma at age 54.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0030393, HP:0010797, HP:0001732 (pheochromocytoma, endolymphatic sac tumor, hemangioblastoma, abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Ninety-eight individuals were tested for VHL mutations--23 symptomatic and 75 asymptomatic individuals belonging to 16 families. Seven of the families had definite clinical criteria of VHL disease, five had sporadic hemangioblastoma, and four had CNS hemangioblastoma combined with minor visceral signs. Molecular genetic testing identified five germline mutations in six of the definite VHL families (sensitivity 85%), but none in the possible VHL and sporadic hemangioblastoma cases; four of these mutations had been previously described and one is a novel mutation present in two unrelated families. After patients carrying the mutation were identified, they underwent clinical screening and asymptomatic VHL-related lesions were identified in 43%.

      PatientID: 24

      KindredID: D

      Case: Sex Unknown, 29Y0M, Mexican (Latino/Admixed American)

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: The family history of this patient is negative for the disease; one possibility is that she carries a de novo mutation, although the possibility of non-paternity could not be ruled out. Other affected individuals in Family D died at an early age

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0000107; HP:0001737; HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cyst, pancreatic cysts, renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Symptomatic before 29Y, clinically manifested as 2 cerebellar hemangioblastomas, bilateral retinal angiomas, multiple pancreatic & kidney cysts, unilateral RCC, pheochromocytoma, and broad ligament cystadenoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 20064270

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D121G (c.362A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223200 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223200/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: D121G (c.362A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

      
      
    1. PatientID: 8

      KindredID: 3

      Case: Sex Unknown, 9Y3M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive VHL family history.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711, HP:0009715, HP:0010797, HP:0002666, HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: At first presentation (age 5Y6M) the patient had a visual acuity of 20/125. The retinal angioma showed an endophytic growth pattern and was located in the temporal disc margin. Before age 5, the patient had experienced epidydimal cystadenoma and hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system. Either at first presentation or on follow-up the patient presented with renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma, and hemangioblastoma of the CNS.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.H115R (c.344A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.H115R (c.557A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 664415 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/664415/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: H115R (c.344A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 7

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: Unknown

      GroupNumberFemales: Unknown

      GroupEthnicity: Unknown

      GroupAgeRange: Unknown

      GroupInfo: This family group of 3 people has clinically confirmed VHL disease. One member in this family has retinal angiomatosis. This family were found to harbour the c.194C>G variant causing a Ser65Trp missense mutation(noted in the paper as c.407C>G due to Latif reference transcript being used).

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients within this family were found to have a clinical diagnosis of VHL disease. No VHL clinical phenotypes were explicitly stated other than retinal capillary hemangioma in one patient.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: S65W (c.407C>G)

      ClinVarID: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 Italy c.256C>G p.Pro86Ala

      GroupID: 5

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Unknown. 1 registrant was found with this variant; no family info was mentioned

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.414A>G, p.Pro138Pro

      PatientID: 12

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (table 2).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The Y156C mutation was found in a 55-year-old woman, but the mutation was absent in her clinically healthy son.

      PatientID: None (Proband)

      KindredID: ASP (Y156C)

      Case: F, 55Y0M, Hungarian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Mutation was absent in a clinically healthy son. Proband of this family presented with an apparently sporadic pheochromocytoma and the Y156C germline mutation of the VHL gene.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Presented with an apparently sporadic unilateral pheochromocytoma. VHL phenotype noted as type 2C.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Clinical evaluation of the three patients indicated the absence of other VHL-related tumors.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43600, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as Y156C and cDNA change was mapped to c.467A>G.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Case report: We present a case of a compound heterozygote patient with von Hippel-Lindau disease and familial erythrocytosis type 2. One of the mutations found in our patient, c.416C>G (p.Ser139Cys) of the VHL gene, has not been previously reported. This case is the second one reported where von Hippel-Lindau disease and familial erythrocytosis type 2 coexist in the same individual.

      A 9-year-and-5-month old male patient was diagnosed with polyglobulia after an accident at 8 years of age. Proband's mother reported that the patient displayed fatigue and peripheral cyanosis during exercise. The physical exam showed a tumor in the right testicle. This was confirmed to be a cyst in the right epididymis was identified by a testicular ultrasound. Due to family history of VHL disease (4 generations, 12 patients with VHLd), genetic testing was performed on the mother, where an exon 3 deletion in the VHL gene was identified. The mother died due to complications of a CNS hemangioblastoma at 30Y. A peripheral blood sample was then obtained from the patient, where the same exon 3 deletion was identified by MLPA. Complete VHL gene sequencing was then performed on the proband's sample which identified a new S139C(c.416C>G) missense mutation, revealing that the patient was a compound heterozygote. This missense mutation was not previously reported. There was also no information on the proband's father; thus it is not confirmed whether the missense mutation was paternally inherited or de novo. Prediction tools such as PolyPhen2, Mutationassesor, Provean, and SIFT suggests it is deleterious. Due to the clinical presentation and molecular biology studies, the patient was diagnosed with both familial erythrocytosis type 2 and VHL disease.

  3. Oct 2026
    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: VHL11

      Case: M, 17Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 190 patients recruited by the COMETE network over 15 years were included in the study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had one benign pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/SDHB/SDHC/SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1 of Supplementary

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43600, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: The patient had LOH found in the BAC array CGH data.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 3

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 4 members of this family were found to harbor the c.468T>G germline variant of the VHL gene. Member 37 had no renal involvement. Member 38 presented with moderate renal disease (RCC). Members 47 and 3 presented with severe renal disease (RCC). Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral). Severe renal disease (any solid lesion before 25 years of age, five or more solid lesions within one or two kidneys, or metastasis of renal cell carcinoma).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Paper states that this family is previously reported in PMID 12202531 and/or 9829912, where 3 and 1 individuals respectively with this mutation are reported. It is unclear if one or both of these previously reported groups are the same as the current family.

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.Y156* (c.468T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756053, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.468T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion; stop_gained

      CivicName: Y156* (c.468T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.464-2 A>GaSplice

      GroupID: 18A

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 VHL patients with the given VHL mutation and manifestation were grouped in this study.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Patients have islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor. Other clinical manifestations outside of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor are possible, but were not discussed.

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: c.464-2A>G

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223222 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-2A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 5 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: paraganglioma, hemangioblastoma, lung metastases and spinal hemangioblastoma but the presenting patient is unclear.Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 18 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 4

      PatientID: Unknown

      KindredID: 4

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 3 members of this family were found to have the mutation and pheochromocytoma. Other declared diseases in this family are: hemangioblastoma, parathyroid nodule, and esophageal carcinoma but the presenting patient is unclear. Relationship between these family members is unclear.

      CohortInfo: Patients with the diagnosis of familial or sporadic PHEO and their relatives.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Follow-up 25 years later but it is unclear if this pertained to all affected family members. VHL type 2C.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 1 France c.525C>G p.Tyr175*

      GroupID: 32

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Unknown. One registrant from France has this mutation of c.525C>G

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y175* (c.525C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182974 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182974/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Y175* (c.525C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 13

      KindredID: 13

      Case: M, 48Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005562; HP:0010797 (Renal neoplasm,Multiple renal cysts, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient 13 was a 48-year-old male with a medical history of synchronous bilateral solid renal tumors, multiple renal cysts, CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CaseNotHPOs:None

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.699C>G

      CaseProblemVariant Free Text: N/A

      ClinVar: 223227, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: CA357016

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_transversion

      CivicName: C162W(c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. c.319C>G [p.Arg107Gly]

      PatientID: Father (of proband)

      KindredID: 7

      Case: M, 80Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: renal cell carcinoma

      FamilyInfo: Positive - His 2 children both had the same germline mutation. This first child (proband; sex unknown) had hemangioblastoma first presenting at 55Y, and their second child (son) was asymptomatic.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: asymptomatic upon genetic testing, but screening of VHL tumours after genetic testing revealed a left RCC with lung metastasis at 80Y

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009715; HP:0010797 (pheochromocytoma, Papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. missense variants

      PatientID: 60

      KindredID: 60

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0100634; HP:0030405; HP:0006770 (Neuroendocrine neoplasm, pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; Epididymal neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 29437867 (Family 7 - see here for more info)

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: p.R107G (c.319C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43599 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43599

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R107G (c.319C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 3 (4%) had splice site variants

      PatientID: 23

      KindredID: 23

      Case: Age, Sex, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient was recorded with a CNS hemangioblastoma, and a retinal hemangioblastoma

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0030421; HP:0030405; HP:0006770; HP:0100634 (epididymal tumour, pancreatic endocrine tumour, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, neuroendocrine neoplasm)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: patient was not recorded to have an epididymal tumor, a pancreatic endocrine tumour (pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm), CCRCC, nor a neuroendocrine neoplasm (pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma)

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes; see table S1 for VHL subject genetic and manifestation information.

      Variant: c.341-2A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223194 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223194/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Recorded in paper as: IVS1-2A>G; contacted author for confirmation.

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.341-2A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Three of her four sons were found to carry the mutation. Clinical screening of all 3 disclosed a 2.4-cm abdominal paraganglioma in one of them but no lesion in the other brothers.

      PatientID: N/A (son 2)

      KindredID: 12

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: His mother and two other brothers presented with the mutation. One brothers was asymptomatic, while the youngest had a paraganglioma lesion; his mother had pheo and paragangliomas

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Nothing was found through screening

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.Y156C

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: The publication only provides the p., the mutation was able to be deduced to p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Three of her four sons were found to carry the mutation. Clinical screening of all 3 disclosed a 2.4-cm abdominal paraganglioma in one of them but no lesion in the other brothers.

      PatientID: N/A (son 1)

      KindredID: 12

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: paraganglioma

      FamilyInfo: His mother and two older brothers presented with the mutation. The brothers were asymptomatic, while his mother had pheo and paragangliomas

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002668 (paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: After findings of this mother, he was screened and his disclosed a 2.4cm abdominal paraganglioma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.Y156C

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: The publication only provides the p., the mutation was able to be deduced to p.Y156C (c.467A>G)

      ClinVarID: 43600 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43600/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: Y156C (c.467A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 22398592

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 46Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: known family history of VHL - His father, who had neoplasm and cyst in both kidneys, died of HB-CNS at 50 years old; and his sister was found to have neoplasm in both her pancreas and kidney. Explicit mutations or testing was not mentioned. In PMID: 24112165, these two members are confirmed with the mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0000107; HP:0001737; HP:0001407 (clear cell carcinoma; kidney cysts; pancreatic cysts; hepatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: discovered to have signal abnormalities in his left kidney, liver and pancreas in a computed tomography (CT) evaluation - 2 tumors, one upper and one middle pole of the left kidney, as well as a cyst was found. At 43Y he was diagnosed with ccRCC in the right kidney via a hematuria and right-side lumbago.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 24112165

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L101R (c.302T>G)

      LegacyVariant: L101R (c.515T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351751004 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.302T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L101R (c.302T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID/ KindredID: VHL 42

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: One patient with the given mutation is stated to belong to VHL family 42

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001737 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma, renal cyst, pancreatic cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.C162W (c.699C>G)

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. variants of VHL in 18 probands

      PatientID: 5

      KindredID: 5

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family information provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Pheochromocytoma; paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had pheochromocytoma and/or paraganglioma (table 2).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98C (c.293A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223176, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223176/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant, transition

      CivicName: Y98C (c.293A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The uncle was severely affected and developed hemangioblastoma, multiple and bilateral renal cell carcinomas as well as bilateral pheochromocytomas and deceased at age 45 due to complications related to his conditions. Two of his descendants were also affected by the mutation.

      PatientID: N/A (brother of index case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 45Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient's sister was the index case in this VHL family, as she was diagnosed with bilateral pheochromocytoma at age 23 and underwent bilateral adrenalectomy. Genetic screening revealed the VHL variant, which prompted screening of family members. DNA sequencing from blood of consenting family members confirmed the presence of the VHL variant in seven family members (three generations) (see figure 1 for familial pedigree). This included the sister (index case), two nephews, mother, and two daughters. The patient's two daughters both had the mutation. One of which was found to have pheochromocytoma at age 15 due to routine screening. The other 8 year old daughter has not had any manifestations. The patient’s nephew was asymptomatic until age 7, where an abdominal ultrasound revealed a left adrenal mass. A total adrenalectomy was performed and at age 1 another mouse was found in the right adrenal gland, which was also removed. 6 years later he was asymptomatic. The patient’s other nephew presented with an adrenal mass at 11Y0M, which required total adrenalectomy and remains well 2.5 years later. No phenotype was noted for the patient’s mother.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748;HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; Hemangioblastoma; Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient developed hemangioblastoma, multiple bilateral renal cell carcinomas, bilateral pheochromocytomas, and succumbed to his disease at age 45.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; tranversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The p.(Pro138Pro) variant was identified in a patient with a family history of VHL disease and was functionally validated by mRNA analysis, which showed a splicing alteration (data not shown)

      PatientID: 85

      KindredID: 85

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history of VHL but no details provided.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Patient information pulled from Supplemental Table 1. There is additional tumour specific information in Supplemental Table 2.

      Variant: p.P138P (c.414A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Functionally validated by mRNA analysis, which showed a splicing alteration (data not shown). Membrane CA9 immunostaining was observed (supplemental table 1).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; synonymous_variant

      CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: V81

      KindredID: V81

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Likely 15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: V87

      KindredID: V87

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Sex Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This family was classified as VHL type 2B meaning they had a pheochromocytoma and presence of renal and pancreatic manifestations.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y156D(c.466T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756043 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.466T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:Y156D(c.466T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL-11c.233A > Gp.Asn78Ser[2]noA2Multiple–––+–

      PatientID: VHL-11

      KindredID: 11

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CohortInfo: Forty-three index cases were referred to the Service of Medical Genetics, Genova, for germline mutation analysis in the VHL gene between 1995 and 2008.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had multiple hemangioblastomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584, HP:0001737, HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S(c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType:missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S(c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 12

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F136C (c.407T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F136C (c.620T>G)

      ClinVarID: 496065 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496065/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: F136C (c.407T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 2

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Nonsyndromic pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET, SDHB, SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S68W (c.203C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.S68W (c.416C>G)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351748895 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.203C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: PMID: 15611064 shows that S68W nearly completely abolishes the HIF1a hydroxylation dependent binding (Figure 6B) which disrupts HIF-2α degredation in 786-O (renal cell carcinoma) cells (Figure 6 D).

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S68W (c.203C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 69

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Japanese

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 individuals from a single family (ID 69).

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas, Hemangioblastoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Pheochromocytoma (1/2), CNS hemangioblastoma (2/2), pancreatic cyst or tumor (unspecified) (2/2) and renal cell carcinoma (1/2).

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158V (c.472C>G)

      LegacyVariant: c.685C>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 567944, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L158V (c.472C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The genotype and phenotype in the large Chinese family with VHL disease. a The pedigree of the family 6 with 18 affected patients. b DNA sequence analysis showing a A–G transition at nucleotide 446. The change results in the mutation from Asn to Ser in codon78. c 46-year-old woman from the family (individual III-14). Computed tomography of the abdomen demonstrates a cystic lesion in right adrenal and a solid tumor in right kidney. Pathological results confirm pheochromocytoma and clear cell carcinaoma

      PatientID: III-14

      GroupID/ KindredID: 6

      Case: 46Y0M, F, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CT of the abdomen demonstrates a cystic lesion in right adrenal and a solid tumor in right kidney. Pathological results confirm pheochromocytoma and clear cell carcinaoma

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

      ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 333C>G

      GroupID/ KindredID: 12

      Case: Age unknown, Sex unknown, Polish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This mutation was found in Family No. 12 with 1 member affected. There was no family history of VHL, however the parents were not tested (No confirmed de novo)

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S111R (c.333C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223187 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223187/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: S111R (c.333C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Meanwhile, it was also found that the guanine replaced the 559th cytosine on one patient and two carriers from the third family, which made the 116th leucine replaced by valine.

      PatientID: II-1

      KindredID: 3

      Case: M, Age Unknown (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: CNS Hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: The transition mutation was found and confirmed in 1 patient (II-3) and 2 carriers (III-7, IV-2). 5 members, including II-1, had hemangioblastomas of the CNS, but had all passed away before genetic testing. Could be assumed and deduced the genetics due to pedigree showing future linear relations of this mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L116V (c.346C>G) [assumed]

      LegacyVariant: p.L116V (c.559C>G) [assumed]

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753642 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.346C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: No genetic testing was done prior to death, however family history and presentation leads to this deduction

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L116V (c.346C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 2

      Case: M, 22Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: His father also had this mutation and presented with renal cell carcinoma and pancreatic cysts at age 48. His father's mother (his grandmother) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 61, and his father's brother (his uncle) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 33. His grandmother passed away before diagnosis, and there was no DNA sample available for his uncle.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at the age of 22.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0001737 (Retinal Capillary Hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This cohort was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.S65W (c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID:

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 230

      KindredID: 86

      Case: F, 40Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 229) had a sister (patient 230) who was genetically confirmed with the mutation, and presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 40. The proband's brother 1 (patient 231) was also confirmed with the mutation and had a retinal angioma at 25, and renal cell carcinoma at 54. The proband's brother 2 passed away before they could be diagnosed/ confirmed with the mutation, but they had a CNS hemangioblastoma at 35. Finally, the proband's nephew (son of brother 2) was genetically confirmed with the mutation and presented with renal cell carcinoma at age 30.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's sister (patient 230) had a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 40.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.L178R (c.533T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 625261, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625261/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L178R (c.533T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 29Fc.353T>G2Missensep.Leu118Arg19P, muAsynchronous

      PatientID: 29

      KindredID: 6

      Case: F, 19Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: 2 members of this family, IDs #28 (13Y, M) and #29 (19Y, F) presented with the same variant and pheochromocytoma. Patient #28 also presented with head and neck as well as abdominal paraganglioma.

      CohortInfo: Thirty-one subjects were included in this study consisting of 16 SDHB mutation carriers and 15 subjects with VHL disease followed-up between 1975 and 2008. Subjects were included in the study if they had complete imaging from the base of the skull to the pelvis and measurements of urinary or plasma catecholamines. The case-notes and hospital databases were examined for the required data, which included: age at first symptom/diagnosis, family history, disease penetrance, site and size of tumor, symptoms, secretion of catecholamines, multifocal disease, metastatic disease, treatment and disease outcome.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Asynchronous multifocal pheochromocytoma. 19Y at VHL diagnosis.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L118R (c.353T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428802, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428802/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L118R (c.353T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 3 25B 49/F A/UL T852G X > Gly + 14 AA Germline ni ni LOH LOH ? 3 — NA, D No No No

      PatientID: 3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 49Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A - Not mentioned

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unilateral, benign adrenal pheo (3cm) tumor was analysed. This patient underwent surgical resection.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.214Gext 14 (c.640T>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.X>Gly+14AA (c.852T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: Stated in the paper with AF010238.1:p.X>Gly+14AA (c.852T>G); Sanger sequencing (Fig. 1), displays this should be p.X>Gly+14AA (c.853T>G), which translates to p.214Gext14 (c.640T>G).

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756720 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.640T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: LOH was observed

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion; stop_lost

      CivicName: *214G (c.640T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 24112165 Item in Clipboard

      PatientID: III:2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 8Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: large family history of VHL was tested - 3 members found. The patients mother and uncle had the same mutation and RCC, hemangioblastoma, and renal and pancreatic cysts

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: No clinical manifestations at the time of the publication

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 22398592

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L101R (c.302T>G)

      LegacyVariant: L101R (c.515T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351751004 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.302T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L101R (c.302T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Eighteen VHL patients who underwent pancreatectomy for one or several endocrine tumors at Beaujon hospital from 1997 to 2008 were retrieved from the file of VHL patients (Table 1).

      PatientID: 14

      KindredID: 14

      Case: M, 26Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pancreatic endocrine tumor

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1 for more information

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.509T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 54

      KindredID: N/A

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: The authors evaluated 64 VHL patients (32 women and 32 men) with renal involvement of whom 54/64 had undergone renal surgery or a radiofrequency thermal ablation procedure for RCC. In 10/64 VHL patients, at least one or more RCC were diagnosed, however at the time of diagnosis an indication for treatment was not yet present. For all patients several CT/MRI scans existed for retrospective description of tumour growth kinetics.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: This is a tumor resolution study (VHL patients were investigated based on the presence of renal tumors.) No other phenotypic information is available.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S3 describes 9 patients with splice mutations, including this patient.

      Variant: c.464-2A>G

      LegacyVariant: c.677-2A>G

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-2A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 511MaleVHL VHL p.Val170Gly

      PatientID: 5

      KindredID: 5

      Case: M, 11Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No details on family information.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had clinical diagnosis of von Hippel Lindau syndrome and presented with pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: SBHB, SDHC, SDHD, SDHAF2, VHL, EPAS1 (exons 9 and 12), RET (exons 10–11 and 13–16), TMEM127 and MAX

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V170G (c.509T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756196, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_canonicalid?canonicalid=CA351756196

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V170G (c.509T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. e father

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history revealed VHL in the father and daughters. Molecular genetic analysis confirmed familial VHL by detecting a mutation of the VHL gene in the patient and his daughters.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713, HP:0000107( Spinal Hemangioblastoma, Renal Cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W(c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant:p.S65W(407C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: CA020099 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA020099

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: S65W (c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. F1-II-3

      PatientID: F1-II-3

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 30Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patients brother (F1-II-1) was a 31-year old male patient with pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma, and epididymal papillary adenoma. The patients nephew (F1-III-1) was a 5 year old male with no clinical presentation, yet had the same VHL mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584, HP:0030421, HP:0001737 (renal cell carcinoma, epididymal neoplasm, pancreatic cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: presented with multiple right renal masses, epididymal nodules and multiple pancreatic cysts

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVar: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

      CAID: CA020131

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. maternal aunts

      PatientID: IV-12

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband (V-5), his mother (IV-8), maternal grandmother (III-6), maternal aunts (IV-10, IV-12), cousin (V-9) and brother (V-6) were found to harbour the VHL mutation p.P86A (c.256 C>G). All were symptomatic of VHL except for his cousin.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0000107; HP:0030405, HP:0030393 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cyst, Pancreatic endocrine tumor, Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7728151(family 4416); 20375333

      SupplementalData: Information obtained from Figure 1.

      Variant: p.P86A (c.256 C>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 93327, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93327/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: P86A (c.256C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 79CA

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Cambridge, Department of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 79CA. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.I180V (c.538A>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.I180V (c.751A>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 161401 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/161401/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001061 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191545-A-G

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by location between codons 157 and 189.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: I180V (c.538A>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 16

      KindredID: 16

      Case: M, 20Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Adrenal pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was found to have multiple benign tumour 1 cm in size in his adrenal gland.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/SDHC/SDHB/SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.*214G(c.640T>G)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756720 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.640T%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: The patient had LOH of VHL, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD as indicated by Table 1.

      MutationType: stop_lost

      CivicName: *214G(c.640T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Somatic, RET, c.2307T>G