57 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2024
    1. I would say the epigenetic inheritance that has to occur there and how it occurs must be contributing a very large fraction indeed to the differentiation process

      for - answer - Denis Noble - to Michael Levin - question - What percentage of genetic vs non-genetic information passed down to germ line from embryogenesis onwards ? - a very large fraction is epigenetic inheritance indeed.

    2. what percentage of the information that is used by an organism let's say embryogenesis onwards is genetic versus all other sources put together what what what would you guess as a as a breakdown

      for - question - Michael Levin to - Denis Noble - percentage of genetic vs non-genetic information passed down to germ line from embryogenesis onwards

    3. the only way you can visualize the vaces because they're too tiny to be visualized by standard microscopy labeling with florescent dyes is about the only way we can um easily identify what molecules have been passed down from the vesicles to The Germ cells but that's very restrictive you see because there will be millions of different molecules in a single visle to be faced with only being able to label three or four of those otherwise we can't make out the the differences is it's very tedious

      for - evolution - work to identify non-DNA information passed down to germ line - millions of permutations - fluorescence technique applied to only a few at a time - tedious work - Denis Noble

    4. epigenetic inheritance of course which would be let's say rnas determining how much of a gene is expressed will be transmitted down through the germ line and and the possibility of actual new DNA being incorporated into the germ line I think both can occur

      for - evolution - epigenetic AND new DNA can BOTH be incorporated into the germ line - Denis Noble

    5. we have a huge amount of our DNA it's more than the DNA involved in protein coding that's come from viruses I mean it's clear that incorporation of new DNA from other organisms into the germ line has occurred many times uh during the process of evolution

      for - evolution - viruses and other organisms - inject information into germ line throughout evolution - Denis Noble

    6. I think the vican barrier is not any longer a barrier

      for - evolutionary biology - Weissman barrier - refuted by modern research - Denis Noble

    7. vican barrier

      for - Weismann Barrier - disputed by Darwin himself, who believed that the body sends information to the germ line to pass on to the next generation - Denis Noble

    8. DNA simply does not replicate like a crystal you have to have a living organism to enable it to do so

      for - quote - DNA simply does not replicate like a crystal. You have to have a living organism to enable it to do so. - Denis Noble

    9. as Richard Dawkins told me two years ago in a debate with him Dennis we could inscribe your DNA in blocks of granite the C's G's A's and T's and we' keep those blocks of granite for 10,000 years and then we'll be able to recreate you I said no you can't

      for - quote - myth - Richard Dawkin myth - recreate entire organism from DNA - not possible - Denis Noble

      quote - myth - Richard Dawkin myth - recreate entire organism from DNA - not possible - Denis Noble - (see below) - As Richard Dawkins told me two years ago in a debate with him: - "Denis, we could inscribe your DNA in blocks of granite, - the C's G's A's and T's, - and we' keep those blocks of granite for 10,000 years and then we'll be able to recreate you." - I said no you can't - why not? - Well, where would you get my mother's egg cell, as it was in1936 - Well you can see that the point here, it led people to a very simplistic idea that from DNA you could automatically recreate a person, an organism exactly as it is in its first, Incarnation if you like - We can all be reincarnated as many times as we wish!<br /> - Well, one one might sort of wish to be a bit of a Buddhist in all of this and get away with that, - but I don't think even the Buddhists would accept that that was the way they were going to do it if they do it at all

    10. we now realize the base pairs come to join each other up together as the system unravels and forms a new pair of DNA molecules well up to a point it does and that point is known to be accurate to about one in 10,000 base pairs now if you and I wrote an article and there was only one typo in a 10,000w article we'd be very pleased but this is nowhere near enough for a DNA sequence of three billion base pairs there would be half a million at least of Errors

      for - DNA replication accuracy - 1 in 10,000 - too high for successful replication - another higher level mechanism to correct for these errors - need a whole body for that - Denis Noble

    11. I don't reject the reductionist approach you need the upward causation from the individual molecular components as well as the constraints from the global property of the cells tissues organs and so on

      for - Systems perspective - integrate reductionism with global properties - Denis Noble - multi scale competency architecture - Denis Noble - adjacency - multi-scale competency architecture - Michael Levin - Denis Noble advocates for

      adjacency - between - multi-scale competency architecture - Michael Levin - Denis Noble advocates for - adjacency relationship - Michael's multi-scale competency architecture is another way to sum up what Denis is saying

    12. Hodgkin cycle

      for - quote - Hodgkin cycle - example of connection between global property and molecular properties - Denis Noble

    13. accumulation of all of that movement of charge is contributing to that electrical phenomenon and therefore in the end what you're doing is talking about a higher level of causation U than the components of the cell

      for - evolutionary biology - Denis Noble - journey from reductionist to non-reductionist - ion channel and cell membrane work - connects to bioelectricity in the entire body

    14. you started from a reductionist camp when you were studying ion channels and cell membranes

      for - Denis Noble - background - early work on ion channels and cell membranes

    15. dance to the tune of life

      for - book - Dance to the Tune of Life - Denis Noble

    16. for - interview - Michael Levin - Dennis Noble

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  2. Jun 2024
    1. The four noble truths

      for - adjacency - Buddhist teachings - Four Noble Truths - life and death - mortality salience - terror management technique

      adjacency - between - Buddhist teachings - Four Noble Truths - life and death - mortality salience - terror management technique - adjacency relationship - The Four Noble Truths are: - the recognition of inherent suffering - the cause of suffering - understanding the cause of suffering - the cessation of suffering - and are really - a way to deal with mortality salience and therefore - a terror management technique

  3. May 2024
    1. if you want to age well do something it can be dancing it can be music it can be all sorts swimming 00:56:47 whatever but do something that's the first bit of advice to those who want to make sure that they stay um on top

      for - health advice - aging well - Denis Noble

      health advice - aging well - ll if you want to age well do something! - It can be - dancing - music - swimming - whatever but do something - That's the first bit of advice to those who want to make sure that they stay on top

    2. the misconception about the relationship between genes and proteins and the idea that it that causality can only go in one direction from Gene to protein to 00:53:06 functionality and that it cannot go back the other way which and that is the crucial thing that denies agency to the organism and that was Watson and Crick

      for - critique - of Watson & Cricks DNA - agency of organisms

      critique - of Watson & Cricks DNA - agency of organisms - Watson & Cricks advocated the now disproven idea that causality is only one direction - from genes to - proteins to - functionality of living organisms - when in fact, it goes the other way, giving the high level living organism agency

    3. temperature can be a major factor in determining the proportion of males and females within a population

      for - question - impact of climate change on male and female population distribution of the biosphere

      question - impact of climate change on male and female population distribution of the biosphere - How will climate change affect the proportion of males and females of the many species that are and will be impacted by dramatic temperature changes?

    4. I think one of the other mistakes that have been made in biology of the 20th century was

      for - individual / collective gestalt - gene centrism - paradigm shift - adjacency - mistake of 20th century biology - reductionism - separating organism from environment - individual / collective gestalt, individual / environment gestalt - quote - mistake of 20th century biology - Ray Noble - key insight - mistake of 20th century biology- Ray Noble

      quote - mistake of 20th century biology - Ray Noble - (see below)

      • I think one of the other mistakes that have been made in biology of the 20th century
        • was to treat organisms as if they existed within an environment that was sort of like some nebulous box as it were
        • and you could study the organism by taking it out
        • and you study it in isolation
      • It's the beginning of reductionism in a sense because
        • you taken it away from the environment but the organism has an intimate relationship with the environment
      • It's feeding both
        • to the environment and
        • from the environment
      • What is that environment?
        • That environment in large part is
          • other organisms of the same species but
          • other organisms of different species
      • and it's in a continuous bubble of change
      • It's like a cauldron of change
      • So the big question for life is
        • how do you maintain yourself in this cauldron of change?
      • You cannot do it by standing still
      • You have to respond to it
        • so it's not surprising therefore that you find that you know organisms have mechanisms for responding to those changes

      adjacency - mistake of 20th century biology - between - reductionism - separating organism from environment - individual / collective gestalt, - individual / environment gestalt - adjacency relationship - The mistake that 20th century biology has made is in - ascribing too much power to the gene, and - minimizing the role of epigenetics - Focusing the majority of attention and resources on the genes of the organism, and - defocusing attention on the organisms (epigenetic) interactions with the environment, including both - biotic elements and - abiotic elements - It's not the case that the genes are the major determinant factor and the epigenetics play a minor role - It IS the case that epigenetics play an equally important role in transmitting and assimilating features into the genome - The individual organism is intertwingled with its environment and with other living organisms - The individual / collective gestalt and the individual / environment gestalt is the appropriate unit of study

    5. you may never change it back just as we 00:34:52 may not change back genetic manipulation we might do in in the germline which is a reason we should be very cautious about doing it

      for - progress trap - genetic engineering - Denis Noble

    6. for - Denis Noble - Ready Noble - evolutionary biology - critique of Richard Dawkins Selfish Gene theory - critique of gene centrism - book - Understanding Living Systems - human agency

      summary - In this informative interview, brothers Denis and Ray Noble discuss their new book - Understanding Living Systems, and - dispel the 70 year old narrative of Gene centrism and the selfish gene as determining the high level behaviour of living organisms

    7. I said a little while ago at at another meeting I said that I don't know what it is that controls Richard Dawkins but it isn't his jeans

      for - quote - genes don't control Richard Dawkins - Ray Noble

    8. the Age of Reason became unreasonable in the sense of treating us as

      for - quote - the age of reason became unreasonable - Ray Noble

      quote - the age of reason became unreasonable - Ray Noble - (see below)

      • The Age of Reason became unreasonable
        • in the sense of treating us as machines
      • Reason requires openness ,
        • it doesn't require a closed view of life and of humanity
    9. it had to give us something which all the other 00:11:37 organisms didn't have which was a cell that was different a mind that was different that gave us agency but denied it to other organisms and that unfortunately I think 00:11:50 persisted

      for - quote - human agency - Ray Noble

      quote - (see below)

      • It had to give us something which all the other organisms didn't have which was
        • a cell that was different
        • a mind that was different
      • that gave us agency
        • but denied it to other organisms
        • and that unfortunately I think persisted
    10. what actually is so fundamentally wrong with the gene Center view

      for - purpose in nature - exorcism of - Ray Noble - quote - gene centered view - organisms as machines - exorcism - Ray Noble - gene centered view

    11. we've created a very complex psychosocial World in which we live and we have to adapt to and it changes so rapidly it creates all sorts of problems for us

      for - quote - progress trap - speed of cultural evolution - Ray Noble

    1. for - recombination of proteins in higher level proteins - from - youtube - Evolution 2 podcast interview - book - Understanding Living Systems - Denis Noble - Ray Noble

      from - youtube - Evolution 2 podcast interview - book - Understanding Living Systems - Denis Noble - Ray Noble - https://hyp.is/OttWABYFEe--gLNFyeNyTw/docdrop.org/video/oHZI1zZ_BhY/

    1. for - Oded Rechavi - neurobiology - gene centrism - critique - from - youtube podcast interview - book - Understanding Living Systems - Ray Noble - Denis Noble

      summary - Rechavi performed experiments with C Elegan and demonstrated that it possesses a type of neuron that - produces RNA that in response to elevated temperature change is transmitted to reproductive cells so that the offsprings encode it in the genome, and it is better adapted to deal with elevated temperatures

      question - How many species do this? Is it generally found throughout nature?

      from - outube podcast interview - book - Understanding Living Systems - Ray Noble - Denis Noble - https://hyp.is/OUlGVBXrEe-iaBeZhH_4DQ/docdrop.org/video/oHZI1zZ_BhY/

    1. a more holistic approach to the organism rather than a reductionist one I'm afraid we have to because 00:26:36 reductionism has failed

      for - quote - reductionism has failed - Denis Noble

    2. could physiology rescue genomics

      for - follow up - paper - Could physiology rescue genomics?

      to - Could physiology rescue genomics? - https://hyp.is/bslQ-BVVEe-hgF-rrNmjrA/academic.oup.com/biolinnean/article/139/4/357/6604006

    3. if you could correct this Gene would we have the future reassured and we can then avoid all of these diseases I very much doubt it and I think it's very dangerous 00:23:49 because

      for - adjacency - progress trap - Crispr - gene therapy - Denis Noble - human genome project

      adjacency - between - human genome project - gene therapy - Crispr - progress trap - adjacency relationship - The idea that we can find specific causal relationships between genes and disease and use gene therapy to cure disease, - an envisioned goal of the human genome project - can be very dangerous because - usually one gene collaborates with many other genes to bring about an effect - If we don't know all the relationships, we can bring about a progress trap

    4. if I met a robot that looked very much like a beautiful girl and everything went fine together with her and me but

      for - comparison - human vs AI robot - Denis Noble

    5. essentially Darwin would never have been a neo-darwinian

      for - quote - Darwin would never have been a Neo-Darwinian - Denis Noble

    6. you've used a metaphor in the past of thinking of genes not as a as a code as you said but as a kind of musical score

      for - metaphor - genes - musical scores - Denis Noble

    7. if we didn't have people who were wrong we wouldn't be where we are

      for - quote - being wrong - Denis Noble

      quote - Being wrong - Denis Noble - If we didn't have people who were wrong - we wouldn't be where we are

    1. four 00:08:25 major common misunderstandings that have infected our understanding of what it is to be a living system

      for - molecular biology - paradigm shift - living system - 4 common misunderstandings - book - Understanding Living Systems - 4 common misunderstandings

      4 common misunderstandings of living systems - 1. The central dogma of molecular biology - one way causation - Genes (DNA) to - proteins to - organism - 2. The Weismann Barrier - 3. DNA as self-replicator - 4. Separation of Replicator (DNA) and Vehicle (Living cell) are completely separate

    2. a baby cannot be born selfish it simply has needs

      for - quote - Denis Noble - quote - baby not born selfish

    3. biology Beyond The 00:00:19 genome

      for - book - Biology Beyond the Genome - author - scientist - biologist - Denis Noble - book - Understanding Living Systems

  4. Oct 2023
  5. Jan 2023
  6. Jun 2022
    1. The world's demand for noble gases will likely concentrate on China, Sundqvist added, and the county will "get a good price for [its] product."

      ...and if the West sides with Taiwan if China decides to invade it, we will see a repeat of Putin's strategy of limiting export of vital noble gases. Team human doesn't work well when we cannot collaborate

    2. Moscow began restricting exports of inert, or "noble" gases, including neon, argon and helium to "unfriendly" countries at the end of May, according to a report by Russian state news agency TASS. All three gases are used to produce the tiny electronic chips found in a raft of consumer products, from smartphones to washing machines to cars, and which have been in critically short supply for months.

      Russia supplies 30% of the global chip industry with neon, argon and helium, necessary for chip manufacturing.

  7. Jan 2022
    1. The men, they noted, wereprimarily occupied in hunting and, occasionally, war, which meantthey could in a sense be considered natural aristocrats. The idea ofthe ‘noble savage’ can be traced back to such estimations.Originally, it didn’t refer to nobility of character but simply to the factthat the Indian men concerned themselves with hunting and fighting,which back at home were largely the business of noblemen.

      The idea of the "noble savage" can be traced back to early French encounters with indigenous Americans who felt that because the men occupied themselves with hunting and war that they were more like the French noblemen who employed themselves in similar pursuits.

  8. Dec 2020
    1. I find it very interesting that they refer to Mansa Musa and Musse Melly. I wouldn’t have understood they were referring to the same person if it wasn’t for the fact they stated about his riches and wealth. In addition, it confirms the fact that he was very wealthy which is stated in many texts. He was wealthy for extracting of riches, but he also was influential leader in Africa.

  9. Apr 2019
    1. technology companies have made it work that way. Ebook stores from Amazon, Apple, Google, Kobo, Barnes and Noble all follow broadly the same rules. You’re buying a licence to read, not a licence to own.

      Bear in mind that this "ownership" is common practice with Amazon, Apple, Google, Kobo, Barnes and Noble, and other ones as well.

      It's not this way with non-DRM books, that you can download, and reuse as with physical books.

  10. Mar 2018
  11. Nov 2017