issue #2

Llamado a la acción

Acciones algorítmicas equitativas para corregir los sesgos y barreras de la vida real que impiden que las mujeres y las niñas logren la participación plena y el disfrute igualitario de los derechos.

Instituciones públicas para pilotar y liderar: Acción afirmativa para algoritmos implementados cuando las instituciones públicas pilotan ADM. Basar los pilotos en investigaciones de ciencias sociales nuevas y de larga data que asignan incentivos sociales, subsidios o becas donde las mujeres tradicionalmente han sido dejadas atrás en sistemas anteriores. Esta es una agenda positiva para promover los valores de igualdad que hemos adoptado durante mucho tiempo, para corregir la visibilidad, la calidad y la influencia de las mujeres proporcionales a la población.

Adopción por parte del sector público y privado de evaluaciones de impacto algorítmico (AIA): un marco de autoevaluación diseñado para respetar el derecho del público a conocer los sistemas de IA que impactan sus vidas en términos de principios de responsabilidad y equidad.

Pruebas rigurosas a lo largo del ciclo de vida de los sistemas de IA: las pruebas deben tener en cuenta los orígenes y el uso de los datos de entrenamiento, los datos de prueba, los modelos, la interfaz de programación de aplicaciones (API) y otros componentes a lo largo del ciclo de vida de un producto. Las pruebas deben cubrir ensayos previos al lanzamiento, auditorías independientes, certificación y monitoreo continuo para detectar sesgos y otros daños. La ADM debe mejorar la calidad de la experiencia humana, no controlarla.

Marcos legales sólidos para promover la rendición de cuentas: incluida la posible expansión de poderes para agencias sectoriales específicas o la creación de nuevos términos de referencia para supervisar, auditar y monitorear los sistemas de ADM para la supervisión regulatoria y la responsabilidad legal en el sector privado y público.

Directrices de adquisiciones con perspectiva de género: las organizaciones y todos los niveles de gobierno deben desarrollar directrices de adquisiciones de igualdad de género de ADM con objetivos estrictos; y describir los roles y responsabilidades de aquellas organizaciones requeridas para aplicar estos principios.

Mejorar los conjuntos de datos: datos abiertos desagregados por género, recopilación de datos y conjuntos de datos de calidad inclusivos: producir activamente conjuntos de datos abiertos desagregados por género; Esto permite comprender mejor las fuentes de sesgo en la IA y, en última instancia, mejorar el rendimiento de los sistemas de aprendizaje automático. Invertir en controles para supervisar los procesos de recopilación de datos y la verificación humana en el circuito, de modo que los datos no se recopilen a expensas de las mujeres y otros grupos tradicionalmente excluidos. Participar en procesos de recopilación de datos más inclusivos que se centren no solo en la cantidad sino también en la calidad de los conjuntos de datos.

The only true protest vote.

for - paper

paper - title: Carbon Consumption Patterns of Emerging Middle Class - year: 2020 - authors: Never et al.

summary - This is an important paper that shows the pathological and powerful impact of the consumer story to produce a continuous stream of consumers demanding a high carbon lifestyle - By defining success in terms of having more stuff and more luxurious stuff, it sets the class transition up for higher carbon consumption - The story is socially conditioned into every class, ensuring a constant stream of high carbon emitters. - It provides the motivation to - escape poverty into the lower middle class - escape the lower middle class into the middle class - escape the middle class into the middle-upper class - escape the middle-upper class into the upper class - With each transition, average carbon emissions rise - Unless we change this fundamental story that measures success by higher and higher levels of material consumption, along with their respectively higher carbon footprint, we will not be able to stay within planetary boundaries in any adequate measure - The famous Oxfam graphs that show that - 10% of the wealthiest citizens are responsible for 50% of all emissions - 1% of the wealthiest citizens are responsible for 16% of all emissions, equivalent to the bottom 66% of emissions - but it does not point out that the consumer story will continue to create this stratification distribution

from - search - google - research which classes aspire to a high carbon lifestyle? - https://www.google.com/search?q=research+which+classes+aspire+to+a+high+carbon+lifestyle%3F&oq=&gs_lcrp=EgZjaHJvbWUqCQgGECMYJxjqAjIJCAAQIxgnGOoCMgkIARAjGCcY6gIyCQgCECMYJxjqAjIJCAMQIxgnGOoCMgkIBBAjGCcY6gIyCQgFECMYJxjqAjIJCAYQIxgnGOoCMgkIBxAjGCcY6gLSAQk4OTE5ajBqMTWoAgiwAgE&sourceid=chrome&ie=UTF-8 - search results returned of salience - Carbon Consumption Patterns of Emerging Middle Classes- This discussion paper aims to help close this research gap by shedding light on the lifestyle choices of the emerging middle classes in three middle-income ... - https://www.idos-research.de/uploads/media/DP_13.2020.pdf

Certainly! Let's break down the provided code snippets:

1. What is it and why is it used?

In Mongoose, a schema is a blueprint for defining the structure of documents within a collection. When you define a schema, you can also attach methods to it. These methods become instance methods, meaning they are available on the individual documents (instances) created from that schema.

Instance methods are useful for encapsulating functionality related to a specific document or model instance. They allow you to define custom behavior that can be executed on a specific document. In the given example, the findSimilarTypes method is added to instances of the Animal model, making it easy to find other animals of the same type.

2. Syntax:

Using methods object directly in the schema options:

javascript const animalSchema = new Schema( { name: String, type: String }, { methods: { findSimilarTypes(cb) { return mongoose.model('Animal').find({ type: this.type }, cb); } } } );

Using methods object directly in the schema:

javascript animalSchema.methods.findSimilarTypes = function(cb) { return mongoose.model('Animal').find({ type: this.type }, cb); };

Using Schema.method() helper:

javascript animalSchema.method('findSimilarTypes', function(cb) { return mongoose.model('Animal').find({ type: this.type }, cb); });

3. Explanation in Simple Words with Examples:

Why it's Used:

Imagine you have a collection of animals in your database, and you want to find other animals of the same type. Instead of writing the same logic repeatedly, you can define a method that can be called on each animal instance to find similar types. This helps in keeping your code DRY (Don't Repeat Yourself) and makes it easier to maintain.

Example:

```javascript const mongoose = require('mongoose'); const { Schema } = mongoose;

// Define a schema with a custom instance method const animalSchema = new Schema({ name: String, type: String });

// Add a custom instance method to find similar types animalSchema.methods.findSimilarTypes = function(cb) { return mongoose.model('Animal').find({ type: this.type }, cb); };

// Create the Animal model using the schema const Animal = mongoose.model('Animal', animalSchema);

// Create an instance of Animal const dog = new Animal({ type: 'dog', name: 'Buddy' });

// Use the custom method to find similar types dog.findSimilarTypes((err, similarAnimals) => { console.log(similarAnimals); }); ```

In this example, findSimilarTypes is a custom instance method added to the Animal schema. When you create an instance of the Animal model (e.g., a dog), you can then call findSimilarTypes on that instance to find other animals with the same type. The method uses the this.type property, which refers to the type of the current animal instance. This allows you to easily reuse the logic for finding similar types across different instances of the Animal model.

Finally, a culture that rewards big personal accomplishments over smaller social ones threatens to create a cohort of narcissists

5.1 Recognize that 1) the biggest threat to good decision making is harmful emotions, and 2) decision making is a two-step process (first learning and then deciding).

enlever les virgules des % sur le 2 ème diagramme stp ? Etablissements scolaires 11 % Autres partenaires 13 % Collectivités 9 % Syndic de rivières 8 % Agence de l'eau 30 % CR et ARS 11 % Fonds européens 1 % OFB 6 % Autres ressources 11 %

"I didn't fully understand it at the time, but throughout my time as a freshman at Boston College I've realized that I have the power to alter myself for the better and broaden my perspective on life. For most of my high school experience, I was holding to antiquated thoughts that had an impact on the majority of my daily interactions. Throughout my life, growing up as a single child has affected the way am in social interactions. This was evident in high school class discussions, as I did not yet have the confidence to be talkative and participate even up until the spring term of my senior year."

gene name: DICER 1 PMID (PubMed ID): 33570641 HGNCID: n/a Inheritance Pattern: autosomal dominant Disease Entity: benign and malignant tumor mutation Mutation: somatic Zygosity: heterozygous Variant: n/a Family Information: n/a Case: people of all sexes, ages, ethnicities and races participated CasePresentingHPOs: individuals with DICER1-associated tumors or pathogenic germline DICER1 variants were recruited to participate CasePreviousTesting: n/a gnomAD: n/a

L'association de deux sujets qui n'ont pas de corrélation vérifiéé, revient dans la conclusion en contradiction avec la conclusion de l'étude de Ramdoss, S et al.

En contradiction avec l'hypothèse :

Results suggest that CBI should not yet be considered a researched-based approach to teaching communication skills to individuals with ASD. However, CBI does seem a promising practice that warrants future research. Les résultats suggèrent que le CBI ne devrait pas encore être considéré comme un approche fondée sur la recherche pour enseigner les compétences en communication aux personnes ayant Troubles du Spectre Autistique. Cependant, le CBI semble être une pratique prometteuse qui justifie des recherches futures.

Arg1: La délimitation des ZEE est héritée de la Convention de Montego Bay

• En 1982 est adoptée la CNUDM, réègles internationale utilisation, exploitation, circulation des espaces maritimes

• Eaux territoriales: droits souverains de l'Etat jusqu'à 22km

• La ZEE: droits souverains de l'Etat à des fins d'exploration, d'exploitation, de conservation et de gestion des ressources naturelles jusqu'à 200 miles / 370 km.==> 350 km si extension avec le plateau continental selon Convention de Genève (1958)

• Haute mer: 64% surface des MO, "bien commun de l'humanité" - Résolution 2749 de l'ONU, Arvid Pardo (1970) Exploitation= licences Autorité Internationale des Fonds Marins (AIFM) // liberté de circulation, survol, recherche sc, pose pipe line, cables, ... ==> Mare liberum car "terra nullius"

• liberté de circulation, "mare liberum" De la liberté des mers, Grotius, XVIIe Un Etat ne peut pas restreindre la circulation d'un navire étrangers hors de ses eaux territoriales. Idem Etats proches d'un passage stratégique

Arg1: CM + M = rôle des espaces maritimes ++

90% marchandises et matières première

• temps, - couts, + fiable
• Grandes capacités portes conteneurs (CMA CGM Megamax // Ecounter Bay)

Espaces maritimes inclus dans fluw et réseaux télécommunications = cables sous marins (1,2M km, 99% trafic intercontinental, 10T $/jour) trafics illicites: piraterie, narcotrafiquants

1) The humans fell from heaven and came into the world with animals. 2) Animals cared for the human when she was ill and gave her a place to stay until she was healed. 3) The twins traveled the world to create environments and climates that humans could live in. This lead to mountains, trees, lakes, forest, rivers, etc.