Presumably, life does not necessarily have tobe constituted by atoms and molecules, it could beassembled from any set of building blocks with therequired complexity. In fact, we already know that lifeis an epiphenomenon, an event that has no other choicebut to happen as soon as matter acquires a certaincritical degree of complexity. If so, perhaps anadvanced civilization could then transcribe itself and itsentire physical realm into new forms of life and matter.In fact, perhaps maybe our universe is one of the newways in which some other civilization transcribed itsworld... Perhaps this would be the new frontier ofAstrobiology
The formation of life could be assembled via components of progressively higher complexity - consider advanced robotics and AI creating new forms of life. (Need reference that Kurzweil said this - or this is the authors' speculation)