24 Matching Annotations
  1. Dec 2023
    1. As Pragmatic Programmers, our base material isn’t wood or iron, it’s knowl-edge. We gather requirements as knowledge, and then express that knowledgein our designs, implementations, tests, and documents. And we believe thatthe best format for storing knowledge persistently is plain text. With plaintext, we give ourselves the ability to manipulate knowledge, both manuallyand programmatically, using virtually every tool at our disposal.
  2. Oct 2023
  3. Apr 2023
    1. The "validity" such an argument has(if that is the right word) is presumptive and provisional in nature.5 It is frail, andsubject to default.Even so, such presumptively based arguments can be very useful and important in cases where action must be taken, but firm evidence is not presently available. Examples would be in planning, where the future holds many uncertainties,or in practical deliberation, where prudent action often requires acting on provisional hunches and guesswork, always subject to revision, as better informationcomes in.
      • Provisional Validity is useful
      • Provisional Validity for Statements Goal
      • Criticism Contests Provisional Validity.
  4. Jan 2023
  5. Aug 2022
  6. Jul 2022
  7. Sep 2021
  8. Jul 2021
    1. Argumentation is a verbal and social activity of reason aimed at increasing (ordecreasing) the acceptability of a controversial standpoint for the listener or reader
    2. If a speaker presents an argument to an audience, in which he asserts and defendsthe conclusion by appeal to the premises, I call this activity argumentation.
  9. Jun 2021
  10. May 2021
  11. Mar 2021
  12. Jan 2021
    1. free market argument. The belief that the emergence of such institutions requires deliberate planning amounts to the pragmatic free market argument. The requisite institutions have to be created by the visible hand of government.

      Further explanation of the difference behind pragmatic and dogmatic free market.

    2. We have thus an example in which the hand behind the invisible hand is visible, in line, therefore, with Mittermaier’s presentation of the pragmatic view in which humans deliberately decide upon an institutional framework within which an invisible hand is supposed to operate. If, however, we were to argue that the appropriate institutional arrangements would have emerged of their own accord, in other words without such planning, Mittermaier would classify us among the ranks of the dogmatic free marketeers. For a dogmatic free marketeer, the hand behind the invisible hand is also invisible.

      The difference behind a pragmatic and dogmatic free market - in a pragmatic market - the hand behind the invisible hand is visible, whereas in a dogmatic market - the hand behind the invisible hand is also invisible.

    3. Two hands appear in Mittermaier’s title and at least one is invisible. Is the other also invisible? By considering answers to the question, Mittermaier classifies a stance on the free market as either dogmatic or pragmatic.

      What is considered a dogmatic market? What is considered a pragmatic market?

    4. Mittermaier asks the question, does the institutional setup also emerge spontaneously via an invisible hand? As the 1996 watershed year specification makes clear, a decision was made to insist on arrangements deliberated upon with an idea to prevent chaos. In other words, in terms of Mittermaier’s argument we could say that in the case of the Burning Man event, the hand behind the invisible hand is visible, which amounts to a pragmatic rather than a dogmatic stance on the emergence of the institutions involved.

      In the initial highlights I asked the question of what a pragmatic stance on the free market doctrine means and this highlights a general answer to my question.

  13. Oct 2020
  14. Sep 2020
    1. loss of Silesia

      Conquered from Maria Theresa during the War of Austrian Succession in violation of the Pragmatic Sanction of 1713, to which Frederick was a signatory.

      In many ways, this is seen as an example of Realpolitik, in which a nation's strategic strength is the determining factor in how it conducts policy (rather than promises or a sense of honour). This is a concept that will become increasingly important in Prussian policy into the 19th century, under Bismarck.

  15. Jun 2020
  16. May 2020
    1. Though not always legally required, terms & conditions (also called ToS – terms of service, terms of use, or EULA – end user license agreement) are pragmatically required
  17. Nov 2019
  18. Oct 2018
  19. Aug 2018
    1. Critics have been uncomfortable with liberalism’s conception of law as rights, contending that liberals establish the rights of individuals without regard for the good of society. Liberals, it is said, think of individual rights as pre-political. Thus the modern conception of human rights is dissociated from the aims of society, resulting in a separation between rights and responsibilities. The liberal conception can justify rights against society, but it cannot justify obligations to the public realm. From this, critics charge, follows the decadence of modernity: public morality, social responsibility, even the motivational foundation for public democratic action must be sacrificed at the altar of the liberal conception of human rights.

      Apel's version of discourse ethics tried to establish both norms and responsibilities with his Type A and Type B arguments.