As socialist realism was imposed on Soviet writers, one form of permissible resistance, of finding an inner freedom, was to read translations of foreign writers. No private library was complete without Hemingway, Faulkner, London, Fitzgerald, Steinbeck, Salinger—all officially permitted as “progressive writers” exposing the “ulcers of the capitalist world.”

n the political aftermath of the tragedy at Chernobyl, the failure to inform its citizens served to expose the hubris of the Soviet State

το 1945, σε δημοσκόπηση που πραγματοποιήθηκε στη Γαλλία, το 57% των ερωτηθέντων πίστευε πως η Σοβιετική Ένωση είχε τον πιο καθοριστικό ρόλο στην νίκη του ναζισμού, ποσοστό που μειώθηκε το 1994 στο 25% και στο 23% το 2015, ενώ αντίστοιχα αυξήθηκε σημαντικά το ποσοστό των ΗΠΑ – από 20% το 1945 σε 54% το 2015 (Πηγή: δημοσκοπήσεις IFOP 1945, 1994, 2004, 2015).

Oh, they are welcome to my work. As a matter offact, the Editions Victor are bringing out my Jnvitation to aBeheading in a reprint of the original Russian of 1935, and a NewYork publisher (Phaedra) is printing my Russian translation ofLolita. 1 am sure the Soviet Government will be happy to admitofficially a novel that seems to contain a prophecy of Hitler’sregime, and a novel that condemns bitterly the American systemof motels.

Παρόμοια ΔΙΑΣΚΕΠ μπορούν να οδηγήσουν στον γνήσιο εκδημοκρατισμό του τοπίου των ΜΜΕ, επαναπροσδιορίζοντας τον τρόπο σύστασης του Εθνικού Συμβουλίου Ραδιοτηλεόρασης, με σύσταση του Συμβουλίου και ανάδειξη των μελών που θα αποσυνδεθεί από τη Βουλή και θα περάσει στη δικαιοδοσία των ΔΙΑΣΚΕΠ. Κοινωνικοποιώντας την ΕΡΤ, η οποία για να αποκτήσει πραγματικά δημόσιο χαρακτήρα, θα πρέπει να διοικείται από Διοικητικό Συμβούλιο, το οποίο θα εκλέγεται από το ΔΙΑΣΚΕΠ-ΜΜΕ και θα λογοδοτεί αποκλειστικά σε αυτό, χωρίς την κυβερνητική ποδηγέτηση. Περαιτέρω, θα χρειαστεί μία αναθεώρηση της σύμβασης με την Digea -Ψηφιακό Πάροχο Α.Ε. που αποτελεί μια ελληνική πατέντα συνδυασμού παρόχου δικτύου και παρόχου περιεχομένου.

As Sirianni documents, in the first months of the revolution hundreds of firms were taken over spontaneously from below by groups of workers forming factory committees. But as he also documents, the Bolshevik leadership sought very strenuously to hold back and reverse this wave of spontaneous expropriations

But the central claim here – that the old state was ‘smashed’ in 1917 and a new one based (however fleetingly) on soviet institutions set up in its place – is a myth.

now renamed ‘commissariats’)

Indeed, as T. H. Rigby demonstrates in his study of the formation of the ‘Soviet’ system of government in Russia

A later statement by Lenin from 1923 is quite instructive in this respect (and completely at odds with his earlier declaration): Our state apparatus, with the exception of the People’s Commissariat for Foreign Affairs, represents in the highest degree a hangover of the old one, subjected to only the slightest extent to any serious change.

To that end, the branding strategy I chose for our project was based on propaganda-themed art in a Constructivist / Futurist style highly reminiscent of Soviet propaganda posters.

Kάποτε θα αρχίσουν να καταλαβαίνουν και οι κάτοικοι των ανατολικών χωρών ότι η πτώση του κομμουνισμού δεν «ασπρίζει» τον καπιταλισμό, ούτε τα προβλήματά του, ούτε τη μιζέρια που υπάρχει στις καπιταλιστικές χώρες,

οι άνθρωποι θα εξακολουθούν να χρησιμοποιούν διάφορα επιχειρήματα, τα οποία ακούμε διαρκώς εδώ και μερικά χρόνια, ότι αν επιχειρήσει κανείς να αλλάξει αυτή τη φιλελεύθερη καπιταλιστική δημοκρατία, θα καταλήξει στο Γκουλάγκ, στη Σιβηρία κ.λπ.

I remember in the Master and Margarita, she makes him a hat that says "Master" on it. it seemed like a very strange thing to do, but maybe it was common practice to wear "master" badges and hats?

George Kennan, who was its first chief. In July of that year, Kennan published the so-called X article, “The Sources of Soviet Conduct,” in Foreign Affairs.

proletarianise

offenses.

economic planning regions

They have been taught the ways of a newly dead society,

Taliban, an Islamic fundamentalist group, seized control, later providing Osama bin Laden with a training base from which to launch terrorist operations worldwide.

DRA's request, the Soviet Union brought forces into the country to aid the government from 1979.

the Americans and Osama bin Laden had fought on the same side against the Soviets in Afghanistan — as if the Americans had somehow created the Bin Laden monster by providing arms and cash to the Arabs. The complex at Tora Bora where Qaeda members hid had been created with the help of the C.I.A. as a base for the Afghans fighting the Soviets.

But second, a sense of what could have been. What if Stalin hadn’t murdered most of the competent people? What if entire fields of science hadn’t been banned for silly reasons? What if Kantorovich had been able to make the Soviet leadership base its economic planning around linear programming? How might history have turned out differently?

First, amazement that the Soviet economy got as far as it did, given how incredibly screwed up it was.