PatientID: V-4

KindredID: 2

Case: M, Age Unknown, German

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Family 2 is comprised of 131 individuals over six generations including 65 members (50% of those at risk) with VHL type 2A (72% clinically affected, 12% obligate carriers, and 15% positive genetic analysis alone) and nearly equal gender distribution for affected status (54% male). An additional six members (II-3, II-4, II -5, III-1, III-2, and III-3) are suspected to have VHL without confirmation. Of note, the nuclear family (branch IV-13) contains 13 siblings, of whom 12 have been diagnosed with pheo. The presenting tumor types in Family 2 were pheo (70%), HB (17%), and RA (13%). No Family 2 member had RCC as the initial manifestation. Distribution of HB and RA are not described except for patient IV-8.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 7759077

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 2223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.00001343, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: V-11

KindredID: 2

Case: F, Age Unknown, German

DiseaseAssertion: VHL (Asymptomatic)

FamilyInfo: Family 2 is comprised of 131 individuals over six generations including 65 members (50% of those at risk) with VHL type 2A (72% clinically affected, 12% obligate carriers, and 15% positive genetic analysis alone) and nearly equal gender distribution for affected status (54% male). An additional six members (II-3, II-4, II -5, III-1, III-2, and III-3) are suspected to have VHL without confirmation. Of note, the nuclear family (branch IV-13) contains 13 siblings, of whom 12 have been diagnosed with pheo. The presenting tumor types in Family 2 were pheo (70%), HB (17%), and RA (13%). No Family 2 member had RCC as the initial manifestation. Distribution of HB and RA are not described except for patient IV-8.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 7759077

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 2223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.00001343, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

216 patients with clinically expected VHL disease due to family history or presence of VHL typical tumours were routinely examined in an eye centre in Germany between January 2019 and January 2020, majority of which were of European descent (~95%). Since data on the genotype–phenotype correlation of the onset of Retinal Hemangioblastoma (RH) is scarce in relation to VHL disease, this study wanted to inversitage the relationship between VHL gene variants (truncating vs single amino acid substitutions) and the ocular phenotype of the disease. 42 different rare VHL gene variants in 148 patients were detected - some of whom had RH and some who did not. Although date of onset of RH, as well as data on central nervous system haemangioblastomas (CNSH), pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL), clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) were collected, it was not reported on a per patient basis and therefore could not be discussed per variant. There was 1 patient reported with the c.262T>A (p.W88R) mutation. This member presented with retinal hemangiomas. No family information was provided.

GroupID: 41

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was the only one discussed with this mutation. They had retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

LegacyVariant: N/A

GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 2218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transition

CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: 30b

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: This was 1 of 5 patients discussed with this mutation. The individual did NOT have retinal hemangiomas; Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

Variant: p.R107H (c.320G>A)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223184 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223184/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: R107H (c.320G>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

216 patients with clinically expected VHL disease due to family history or presence of VHL typical tumours were routinely examined in an eye centre in Germany between January 2019 and January 2020, majority of which were of European descent (~95%). Since data on the genotype–phenotype correlation of the onset of Retinal Hemangioblastoma (RH) is scarce in relation to VHL disease, this study wanted to inversitage the relationship between VHL gene variants (truncating vs single amino acid substitutions) and the ocular phenotype of the disease. 42 different rare VHL gene variants in 148 patients were detected - some of whom had RH and some who did not. Although date of onset of RH, as well as data on central nervous system haemangioblastomas (CNSH), pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (PPGL), clear cell renalcell carcinoma (ccRCC) and pancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasm (PNEN) were collected, it was not reported on a per patient basis and therefore could not be discussed per variant. There was 1 patient reported with the c.386T>C (p.L129P) mutation. This member presented with retinal hemangiomas. No family information was provided.

GroupID: 7b

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

CohortInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: This individual patient was 1/9 with an exon 3 deletion that did NOT have retinal capillary hemangiomas. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Yes - Supplementary Table S1

Variant: Exon 3 deletion

LegacyVariant: N/A

GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: exon_loss_variant

CivicName: exon 3 deletion

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PMID: 26584481

Gene: VHL

StandardizedReferenceSequence: NM_000551.3

A case report of a 31 year old female patient diagnosed with VHL disease revealed a c.481C>T mutation in the VHL gene, leading to the subsequent protein change Arg161*. Tissue resection was analyzed through DNA amplification. There was no family history of illness. Over an 8 year follow-up period the 31Y old patient presented with bilateral RCC, bilateral renal cysts, cardiomegaly, multiple brain hemangioblastomas, pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, kidney cysts, and ovarian cysts.

Medical records of 45 Italian patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma referred to the hypertension centers of the University of Brescia and the University of Turin were reviewed. Germline DNA was extracted through peripheral blood, and PCR products were purified. Only familial and sporadic cases of isolated PHEO/PGL were considered. Patient number 10 was found with a germline VHL mutation (p.P81L) and left para-adrenal paraganglioma, apparently sporadic. This patient was reported to have a negative family history. ACMG: PP4

In a study of 114 unrelated VHL families, 85 germline mutations were found. VHL mutations were detected in affected family members, but not in unaffected family members or 96 normal individuals. This missense mutation was found in a VHL type 2B family of 7 individuals (Family ID 4414), using PCR and SSCP sequencing. The mutation of c.357C>G was referred to in the paper by c.570C>G due to a difference in transcript sequence. Two of seven individuals were identified with retinal hemangioblastomas, 3 with CNS hemangioblastomas, one with renal cell carcinoma, and one with pheochromocytomas. Supporting evidence of pathogenicity because cosegregation with disease in multiple affected family members in a gene definitively known to cause the disease (ACMG code: PP1).

PatientID: None

KindredID: 3618

Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

FamilyInfo: Familial VHL stated; although only 1 family member recorded.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 8956040

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: p.C233W (c.699C>G)

ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None

KindredID: 3739

Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

FamilyInfo: Familial VHL stated; although only 1 family member is recorded with this mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 19464396, 9829911, 8956040, 10458336

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: p.R167Q (c.713G>A)

ClinVarID: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

CAID: CA020454 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.500G%3EA

gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transition

CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: 3682b

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

GroupSize: 2

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: N/A

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: Familial VHL stated; 2 family members recorded with this mutation. Paper gives 2 families with the ID 3682 - the other family (given here as 3682a) was mentioned with 1 individual. Unclear if these are the same family.

GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

GroupHPOFreeText: both (2/2) members had hemangioblastomas

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma)

GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 8956040

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.F76I (c.226T>A)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: p.F147I (c.439T>A)

ClinVarID: 820994 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/820994/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: F76I (c.226T>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 6

KindredID: 2

Case: M, 52Y0M, Indian

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Another member of this family (Gen 1) presented with the same mutation and bilateral pheochromocytoma.

CohortInfo: This retrospective study was conducted at Department of Endocrinology of a tertiary care health centre in Western India. Patients presented to our institute between 2008 and 2016 were included in the study. During the study period a total of 33 patients were suspected to have VHL syndrome based on clinical features among whom 31 patients were found to have mutation in VHL gene. All patients are of Asian Indian descent.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: Bilateral pheochromocytoma. Cause of death: neural hemangioblastomas.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0009711; HP:0002668; HP:0030405 (Pancreatic cysts, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Paraganglioma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.R161Q (c.482G>A)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 182983, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182983/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: R161Q (c.482G>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

Medical records of 31 Asian Indian genetically proven VHL patients with pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma were studied. A 30 year old male (Patient 23) presented with unilateral pheochromocytoma (30Y). Genetic testing (PCR and Sanger sequencing) confirmed a missense mutation at c.509T>C of the VHL gene. He has a negative family history.

PatientID: 31

KindredID: 31

Case: M, 21Y0M, Asian Indian

DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

FamilyInfo: None - apparently sporadic

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: patient had unilateral pheochromocytoma

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ NF1

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.L178Q (c.533T>A)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 625260 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625260/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: L178Q (c.533T>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: None

KindredID: 16

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

GroupSize: 4

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: American Admixed /Latino

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: Four members of a South American family expressed this 462-95T>A mutation.

GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0002666 (hemangioblastoma,pheochromocytoma)

GroupHPOFreeText:Two family members had hemangioblastoma of the central nervous system. Three had pheochromocytoma.

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002894, HP:0009711, HP:0005584 (neoplasm of the pancreas, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma )

GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.464-94T>A

LegacyVariant: IVS2-95T>A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 1201249 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/1201249/?oq=1201249&m=NM_000551.4(VHL):c.464-94T%3EA

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: intron_variant

CivicName: R167Q(c.500G>A) and c.464-94T>A

MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.500G>A (Arg167Glu)

Germline mutations were found in 20 Brazilian, VHL probands and their families. This missense mutation was found in 2 VHL family members (VHL family 3). One had hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and one had retinal angiomas. This variant was not found in 120 alleles from normal subjects in the Brazilian population.

PatientID: I

KindredID: 18

Case: Sex Unknown, 48Y0M, Danish

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0000112 (Pancreatic cysts, Nephropathy)

CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL at age 14Y. Presented with 3 pancreatic cysts (14Y) and kidney disease (16Y). Age at the end of study: 48Y.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Q203Tfs*53 (c.606dup)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 935385, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/935385/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: duplication; plus_1_frameshift_variant

CivicName: Q203TfsX53 (c.606dupA)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

37 Danish patients diagnosed with VHL before 18 years from a prospective cohort study from Denmark's National vHL Research Database (Binderup et al., 2013) were assessed. Parts of the Danish cohort have been previously assesed in the following papers PMID: 19863552, 25834951, 27966541, 27539272. Peripheral blood samples were isolated and sequenced coding exons and exon-intron boundaries using MLPA (Multiplex Ligation-dependent Probe Amplification). One family with one patient (Family ID14) was found with a germline mutation in the VHL gene (R161*; c.481C>T). The patient was diagnosed at 10Y and had 2 epididymal cystadnomas at 10Y. The patient was 46 by the end of the study.

Direct sequencing and multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification were performed on thirteen unrelated subjects with VHL mutations. The clinical manifestations and family histories of the subjects were evaluated. A 14 year old Korean male patient presented with central nervous system hemangioblastoma, retinal hemangioblastoma, multiple pancreatic lesions, and bilateral renal cysts. Genetic testing confirmed a non-familial missense mutation at c.233A > G of the VHL gene. The patient had no family history of VHL.

Direct sequencing and multiplex ligation dependent probe amplification were performed on thirteen unrelated subjects with VHL mutations. The clinical manifestations and family histories of the subjects were evaluated. A 21 year old Korean female patient presented with pheochromocytoma at age 24 and multiple pancreatic lesions at age 21. Genetic testing confirmed a familial frameshift mutation at c.592delC of the VHL gene. The patient has a mother who presented with pheochromocytoma at age 27, multiple pancreatic lesions at age 48, and developmental venous anomaly or meningioma.

PatientID: VHL_16 (tumor ID)

KindredID: 16

Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Adrenal pheochromocytoma

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (Adrenal pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a benign adrenal pheochromocytoma at an unknown age.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Y175C (c.524A>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 36905, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36905/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: Y175C (c.524A>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: 4

Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, German

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Unknown. 1 registrant was found with this variant; no family info was mentioned

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.R79_S80del (c.236_241delGCAGTC)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: CA645524744 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.236_241delGCAGTC

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: inframe_deletion

CivicName: R79_S80del (c.236_241delGCAGTC)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: 6

Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, French

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Unknown. 1 registrant was found with this variant; no family info was mentioned

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.P86S (c.256C>T)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 178692 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/178692/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transition

CivicName: P86S (c.256C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

GroupID: 38

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

GroupSize: 4

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: Countries: France, Germany, Italy

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: 4 registrants from France, Germany, and Italy were grouped in this study via the deletion of exon 3

GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupNotHPOs: N/A

GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: Exon 3 Deletion

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: exon_loss_variant

CivicName: Exon 3 Deletion

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 140

KindredID: 52

Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 138) had multiple family members affected with the mutation. Their daughter (pt 139) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their son (pt 140) was also asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their mother (pt 141) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 66, renal cell carcinoma at 69, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 66; their sister 1 (pt 142) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 32, renal cell carcinoma at 36, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 36; the son of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the daughter of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the proband's sister 2 presented at age 39 with CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors; and the son of sister 2 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis. All members of this family were genetically confirmed to have this mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's son was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797, HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

Variant: c.464-1G>C

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223220; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223220/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

A retrospective cohort study included all the VHL patients diagnosed at Peking University First Hospital (Beijing, China) prior to June 1 2016. A total of 291 patients from 115 different families were included for analysis. One female patient, patient 112, was found with this germline mutation from family #40. Shee was diagnosed with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 34Y, renal cell carcinoma at 44Y, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 44Y. This kindred was likely also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

A retrospective cohort study included all the VHL patients diagnosed at Peking University First Hospital (Beijing, China) prior to June 1 2016. A total of 291 patients from 115 different families were included for analysis. One male patient was found with this germline mutation from family #45. He was diagnosed with CNS hemangioblastoma at 30Y. One male patient was found with this germline mutation from family #46. He was diagnosed with CNS hemangioblastoma at 30Y, RCC at 31Y, pheochromocytoma at 30Y, and multiple pancreatic lesions at 30Y. No other family information was published for these two patients. Both kindreds were also likely published in a paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336). Kindred #46 was also previously published in Wang et al., 2014 (PMID: 24581539). Wang et al., 2018 reported 4 patients from 2 families (corresponding with kindred #45 and #46) who were genetically confirmed with this germline mutation. Wang et al., 2014 reported one patient who was genetically confirmed with this germline mutation likely corresponding with family #46.

PatientID: None

KindredID: 13

Case: age, sex, ethnicity unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Unknown

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: Described as a positive control but not stated anything further

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: Likely previously published - not clear where the controls came from/ how they were used.

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transition

CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None

KindredID: 1

Case: age, sex, ethnicity unknown

DiseaseAssertion: pheochromocytoma

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.V84L (c.250G>T)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 2236 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2236/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence:N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: V84L (c.250G>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

A previous study of 26 Japanese, VHL families was extended to 41 additional families. Germline mutations were detected in 55 of 77 Japanese families using SSCP, direct sequencing, and Southern Blot analysis of peripheral blood samples. The C162R (c.484T>C) germline mutation of the VHL gene was found in a VHL type 1 family of 6 presenting with CNS hemangioblastoma (1/6), retinal angioma (2/6), renal cell carcinoma (3/6) and pancreatic tumor or cyst (unspecified) (1/6) (family ID 4). This family was previously reported in PMID 8634692.

PatientID: 8 (Cousin)

KindredID: 17

Case: F, 4Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

FamilyInfo: 6 members of this family tested positive for the c.496_506del germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 4 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma and renal and pancreatic abnormalities. ID 1 and 25 were asymptomatic.ID 22 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma. ID 5 presented with retinal angioma. 2 members were assumed to have the variant but were not genetically confirmed (ID 20 and ID 11). ID 11 and 20 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

Variant: p.V166Sfs*4 (c.496_506del)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223229, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223229/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/AVariantEvidence: It is unclear from the publication if this variant is reported according to legacy (AF010238.1) or NM_000551.3 reference sequence. Clinical notes from the case confirm the reference sequence to be NM_000551.3.

MutationType: deletion; minus_2_frameshift_variant

CivicName: V166SFS*4 (c.496_506del)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 1 (Proband)

KindredID: 12

Case: M, 57Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: This patient had a father that was assumed to have the c.406T>C germline mutation of the VHL gene but was not confirmed genetically. His father presented with renal cell carcinoma and died at 47Y.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0000077; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (37Y), retinal angioma (27Y) and renal and pancreatic cyst or tumor (unspecified) (28Y).

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

Variant: p.S65P (c.193T>C)

LegacyVariant: c.406T>C

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 547829, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/547829/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: Variant reference sequence is unclear in the current paper. After consulting the SickKids patient database, and finding the protein change to be recorded as: p.Ser65Pro, it was concluded that the current paper reported the cDNA change according to the legacy reference sequence (AF010238.1) and was mapped to c.193T>C (NM_000551.3).

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: S65P (c.193T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 88 (Second cousin)

KindredID: 18

Case: F, 52Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

FamilyInfo: 11 members of this family tested positive for the c.712C>T/c.499C>T germline variant of the VHL gene. 14 members of this family were assumed to carry this variant due to family history/personal medical history. Members of this family range from asymptomatic to multi-organ involvement (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic and renal cysts/tumors and hemangioblastomas). The family was previously reported in PMID 3942913.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0002666 (Hemangioblastoma, Pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: This patient presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (18Y) and pheochromocytoma (17Y).

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 3942913 (some members of this family are previously reported (phenotypes only) but unable to match patients across papers with confidence)

SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

Variant: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: Authors state that the c.712C>T germline familial variant of the VHL gene in this patient is “inferred from the family”. No genetic testing was done on this patient to confirm this. Being that this familial variant is out of bound with respect to the NM_000551.3 reference sequence, it was concluded that this variant is noted in the Latif et al. (1993) reference and was translated to c.499C>T (NM_000551.3).

MutationType: N/A

CivicName: N/A

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

GenotypingMethod: N/A

SamplingMethod: N/A

A case report describes a 35 years old women presenting with osteoporosis. Her past medical history revealed retinal angioma at 16 years, cerebellar hemangioblastoma at 21 years, spinal hemangioblastoma at 28 years, pheochromocytoma at 32 years, and amenorrhea (started menstruating at age 12 and stopped at 16). She had a germline p.Arg167Gln mutation in the VHL gene. She had a negative family history for VHL disease and osteoporosis, but gentoype of family members was not described.

Screening of 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease revealed 61 DNA variants. Blood samples were isolated and sequenced by direct sequencing using prism-ready reaction dye primer cycle sequencing kits (Applied Biosystem Roissy CDG France) and an ABI 373A automated sequencer (AppliedBiosystem Roissy CDG France). No variants were found in 96 control cases. This splice site mutation, c.340+1G>A (stated as IVS1+1G→A in the paper), was found in a VHL type 2B patient (no. V283). Type 2B VHL families are described as having pheochromocytoma and presence of renal and pancreatic manifestations. No family information was provided.

GroupID: V8

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

GroupSize: 14

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: French

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: Patients are grouped by family.

FamilyInfo: 14/27 members of this family that underwent genetic testing had the same mutation.

GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

GroupHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.T105P (c.313A>C)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 496055, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496055/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: T105P (c.313A>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: V233

KindredID: V233

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: One unaffected family members were tested and found to be negative. No other family history was available.

CohortInfo: 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.N131K(c.393C>A)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 420074 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/420074/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName:N131K(c.393C>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

Screening of 92 unrelated patients with VHL disease revealed 61 DNA variants. Blood samples were isolated and sequenced by direct sequencing using prism-ready reaction dye primer cycle sequencing kits (Applied Biosystem Roissy CDG France) and an ABI 373A automated sequencer (AppliedBiosystem Roissy CDG France). No variants were found in 96 control cases. This stop-gain mutation, c.525C>G, was found in a VHL type 1 patient (patient no. V63). No patient information was provided and no additional family members were screened.

A retrospective study reviewed cases of 23 patients with advanced and complicated VHL eye disease who underwent pars plana vitrectomy in the years 1999 to 2012 that were a part of 223 VHL patients consulted at the International Hereditary Cancer Center and Polish VHL Registry. Genetic molecular analysis was performed in 22/23 patients through PCR and MLPA, and 24 eyes from 23 patients were studied. A germline c.481C>T transition was would in 3 individuals, and results in a p.Arg161* protein change and premature stop codon. A 35 year old (Patient 3) had a previous history of HbCNS. Patient was examined in a study of advanced VHL eye disease and had multiple retinal capillary hemangioblastomas requiring surgery. A 35 year old patient (Patient 7) had a previous history of HbCNS and RCC. The patient was examined in a study of advanced VHL eye disease and had multiple retinal capillary hemangioblastomas requiring surgery. An 18 year old (Patient 9) had a previous history of HbCNS, ELST, and RCC. Patient was examined in a study of advanced VHL eye disease and had multiple retinal capillary hemangioblastomas requiring surgery. Since patients were listed 'by eye' it is impossible to determine how many patients listed above actually represent unique patients.

PatientID: 21

KindredID: 21

Case: 23Y0M, sex unknown, ethnicity unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1&2 for retinal capillary hemangioma information

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.464-1G>T

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 223221 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223221/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: Stated in paper as “IVS2-1G>T”

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: N/A (mother)

KindredID: 3

Case: F, 45Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

FamilyInfo: Genetic screening was performed in her son who presented with hormonally active adrenal pheochromocytoma and the mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: screening for VHL-associated manifestation showed no VHL-related manifestations.

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Yes

Variant: p.N193Mfs*9 (c.576delA)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: CA432423740 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.576delA

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: Described by authors as likely pathogenic.

MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

CivicName: N193fs (c.576delA)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None (proband 15)

KindredID: 15

Case: M, 36Y0M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Father had died before diagnosis therefore no DNA sample available; He presented with CNS hemangioblastomas at the age of 42.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0009715; HP:0030393 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis, endolymphatic sac tumor)

CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with hemangioblastoma at age 29, renal cell carcinoma at age 29, pancreatic cysts at age 36, endolymphatic sac tumor at age 33, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis at age 29.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: stop_gained

CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: II:3

KindredID: 2

Case: F, 16Y0M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: the patients father was found with the same exon deletion and hemangioblastomas at 28Y, retinal angiomas and RCC at 41Y, and multiple pancreatic cysts or tumors as well as pheochromocytomas at 42Y. Her two other siblings were not observed or tested.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: patient was found with hemangioblastomas at 16Y

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: exon 1 deletion

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: exon_loss_variant

CivicName: exon 1 deletion

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None (Daughter)

KindredID: 1

Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

FamilyInfo: The patient's mother had pancreatic islet cell adenoma, renal cell carcinoma, extraadrenal pheochromocytoma, and spinal cord lesion. Her brother had the same VHL gene mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.P86L (c.257C>T)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 182977, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182977/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: P86L (c.257C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified- Assumption: Nucleotide change is not specified in the paper, only protein coding change is. cDNA variant was inferred based on protein coding change, and reported based on VHL reference sequence NM_000551.3

GenotypingMethod: PCR-SSCP sequencing

SamplingMethod:N/A

PatientID: I-1

KindredID: 1

Case: F, 54Y0M (deceased), Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Large multigenerational family with a history of both VHL and spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). Screening for clinical and genetic diagnostics were gathered as well as thorough information on non-living members. I-1 had 16 children, with many grand/great/great grand children. See family pedigree (Fig. 1).

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002090 (Pneumonia)

CaseHPOFreeText: Patient was thought to have had olivopontocerebellar atrophy (OPCA) for much of her adult life. Her OPCA is now explained by the detection in her kindred of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2 (SCA2). Her VHL was diagnosed at the age of 48 years. She died of pneumonia aged 54 years.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.E160Sfs*10 (c.477delA)

LegacyVariant: c.688delA

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: c.477del, p.Glu160Serfs10 should be used. Details: 477del same as 475delA bc that codon is AAA so doesn't matter which A gets deleted: there is an A at 475 476 477 so for HGVS we say that 477 (the latter) is deleted since that follows HGVS nomenclature. Thus use c.477del: p.Glu160Serfs10

ClinVarID: 182959 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182959/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

CivicName: E160fs (c.477del)

MultipleGeneVariants: SCA2 (an abnormal increase in CAG repeats in one allele of her ataxin-2 gene. This abnormal trinucleotide expansion is consistent with the diagnosis of spinocerebellar ataxia type 2)

PatientID: sister

KindredID: C

Case: F, 34Y0M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

FamilyInfo: Family history is positive. Patient’s sister, and son all had the splice mutation, two with CNS hemangioblastomas and one with pheochromocytoma

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009715 (hemangioblastoma, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had multiple hemangioblastoma of the CNS diagnosed at 34Y, and adnexal papillary cystadenoma of probable mesonephric origin diagnosed at 35Y

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.340+5G>C

LegacyVariant: c.553+5G>C

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 36901, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36901/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.01119 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183876-G-C

VariantEvidence: This variant’s large allele frequency means this is likely non disease causing (not deleterious).

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice Region (c.340+5G>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: proband

KindredID: D

Case: F, 34Y0M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Family history is said to be positive, however no other members were given. The patient’s son was asymptomatic and negative for the mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had multiple hemangioblastoma of the CNS diagnosed at 34Y

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Q145* (c.433C>T)

LegacyVariant: p.Q145* (c.646C>T)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 625249 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/625249/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: stop_gained

CivicName: Q145* (c.433C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 6

KindredID: 6

Case: 29Y0M, Sex Unknown, Argentinian

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Positive family history

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0000107 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; pancreatic cysts; renal cysts)

CaseHPOFreeText: Aged 22Y at diagnosis (genetic testing); fulfils type 1 VHL clinical diagnosis. CNS and retinal hemangioblastoma was diagnosed at 22, pancreatic cysts and renal cysts were diagnosed at 29Y (See Table 1 & 2).

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: absence of pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma (pheo/pgl) after 14 years of follow-up.

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PMID: 30731206

Gene: VHL

StandardizedReferenceSequence: NM_000551.3

This study reports 1,548 germline and somatic mutations from 945 VHL families, including 30 previously unpublished kindreds from The Netherlands (six novel mutations). This mutation (c.245G>T) was detected by direct sequencing and MLPA in a VHL kindred with pheochromocytoma (case no. 393). ACMG evidence codes: 'PP2' because they observe a missense variant in a gene where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease. 

This study reports 1,548 germline and somatic mutations from 945 VHL families, including 30 previously unpublished kindreds from The Netherlands (six novel mutations). This exon was detected in a VHL kindred with hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system, retinal hemangioblastomas and Grawitz tumor (also known as RCC) (case no. 2034 p.F76del(c.227_229delTCT)), by direct sequencing and MLPA. This case is published in later publication: PMID: 32179488.

This study reports 1,548 germline and somatic mutations from 945 VHL families, including 30 previously unpublished kindreds from The Netherlands (six novel mutations). This mutation (c.266T>C) was detected by direct sequencing and MLPA in 2 VHL kindreds. It was found in a kindred with hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic and renal cysts (case no. 23530). ACMG evidence codes: 'PP2' because they observe a missense variant in a gene where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease, 'PP4' because the patient's phenotypes or family history are highly specific for a disease with single genetic etiology.

PatientID: VHL-16

KindredID: 16

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Italian

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Family history of VHL. No further details provided.

CohortInfo: Forty-three index cases were referred to the Service of Medical Genetics, Genova, for germline mutation analysis in the VHL gene between 1995 and 2008.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple CNS hemangioblastomas. Clinical classification: A1.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.G114R (c.340G>C)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223193, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223193/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: G114R (c.340G>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

Of 46 cases of RCC in patients younger than 25 years, one patient (case 45) was found to harbour a germline VHL splicing mutation G>C at position 340+5, stated in the paper as c.553+5 due to a difference in transcript sequence. Genomic DNA was extracted using DNeasy Blood and Tissue Kit, from neoplastic and non-neoplastic tissue samples and was analyzed for polymerase chain reaction-based loss of heterozygosity (LOH) where results were viewed by silver nitrate staining. This patient presented with a papillary RCC (stage/diameter: pT1N0M0) on her right kidney at age 16. She presented no evidence of disease at her 36 month follow-up after undergoing a radical nephrectomy. She had a known family history for VHL disease and her mother has cerebellar hemangioblastoma. Genetic data on the mother was not described. ACMG evidence codes: 'PP4' since the patient presents phenotypes highly specific for a disease with a single genetic etiology.

PatientID: 6

KindredID: 1

Case: Sex Unknown, 60Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Significant family history. Pedigree follows 8 generations (see Figure 3). Family immigrated to Iowa, US, from Baden-Baden, Germany, in 1832; Likely sharing a common ancestor to the traced lineage of the Black Forest region of Germany.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (pheochromocytoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: 49Y at first pheochromocytoma and ocular angioma (retinal capillary hemangioma). Total of 3 ocular angiomas and 1 pheochromocytoma.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

LegacyVariant: p.Y98H (c.505T>C)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVar: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

188 individuals presenting with a single hemangioblastoma, no family history of VHL disease, and no evidence of retinal or abdonimal manigestations of the disease at the time of diagnosis, were were investigated for mutations in the VHL gene. Patient B5 presented with a cerebellar hemangioblastoma at age 39. Genetic testing via direct sequencing on a DNA blood sample found a c.598C>T (p.Arg200Trp) mutation in their VHL gene (noted as c.811C>T in the paper due to their use of an older VHL transcript used for mapping).Two first-degree relatives (FDRs) tested positive for the mutation: a 28 year old FDR and a 38 year old FDR, neither of whom showed any features of VHL disease. Patient B4 presented with a cerebellar hemangioblastoma at age 36. Genetic testing via direct sequencing on a DNA blood sample also found a c.598C>T (p.Arg200Trp) mutation in their VHL gene (noted as c.811C>T in the paper due to their use of an older VHL transcript used for mapping). No family germline testing was performed, and no features of VHL disease were noted in their family history.

540 patients from 187 unrelated Chinese VHL families at the Peking University First Hospital were all screened for VHL clinical features and germline mutations. Of these, clinical characteristics were observed in 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families. These were reported in this study, grouped by the 21 mutations found. PCR and MLPA on peripheral blood detected the VHL mutations. Possessing the p.R167Q (c.500G>A) mutation, 24 members total from 10 families were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group. With ages of onset ranging from 14-53Y, hemangioblastomas were observed in 15/24 members, retinal capillary hemangioma in 4, renal cell carcinoma in 10, pancreatic cysts in 5, and pheochromocytoma in 9 members. This cohort has been previously published in PMID 24581539 (as family #11); 29330336 (as 7 families of 18 people); 28388566 (family #78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83).

540 patients from 187 unrelated Chinese VHL families at the Peking University First Hospital were all screened for VHL clinical features and germline mutations. Of these, clinical characteristics were observed in 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families. These were reported in this study, grouped by the 21 mutations found. PCR and MLPA on peripheral blood detected the VHL mutations. Possessing the p.W117G (c.349T>G) mutation, 11 members total from 2 families were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group. With ages ranging from 12-61Y, hemangioblastomas were observed in 8/11 members, retinal capillary hemangioma in 5, renal cell carcinoma in 6, pancreatic cysts in 8, pheochromocytoma in 1 member and and in a papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis genital system tumor (epididymis or broad ligament) 1 member. See more information as this cohort has been previously published in 24581539 (as family 6 of 10 members); 29330336; and 28388566.

GroupID: 14

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

GroupSize: 11

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: Chinese

GroupAgeRange: 28.8Y +/- 19.6Y

GroupInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 2 families with 11 members total were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group.

GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0009715 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

GroupHPOFreeText: 6 of the 11 members presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (with a mean age of 33.0Y), renal cell carcinoma in 4 members (at the mean age of 42.3Y), pancreatic cysts in 4 members (also at the mean age of 42.3Y), and a papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis genital system tumor (epididymis or broad ligament) in 1 member at the age of onset of 10Y

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma)

GroupNotHPOFreeText: No patients presented with retinal capillary hemangioma or pheochromocytoma

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: see more information in 29330336 (2 families of 11 people total), and 28388566 (as family #52 (9 members), and #53 (2 members)).

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.464-1G>C

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223220; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223220/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None

KindredID: 3618

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0030405 (Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with CNS hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, cysts and VHL Type 2B. Localized pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor is also associated with this family but the number of family members affected is not specified.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 8956040; 7728151

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

LegacyVariant: c.699C>G

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223227, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 699, C to G (Cys to Trp), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.486C>G, p.Cys162Trp (NM_000551.3).

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 63

KindredID: 63

Case: Sex Unknown, 36Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Positive family history but no details provided.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0006770; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseHPOFreeText: CNS and retinal hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst or tumor and clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0000107 (Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished:N/A

SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

Variant: Partial Deletion

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: deletion

CivicName: Nul (Partial deletion)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 280

KindredID: 280

Case: Sex Unknown, 25Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma and pancreatic cyst or tumor.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0006770; HP:0002666; HP:0000107 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Renal cyst)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

Variant: p.P76del (c.227_229del)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: deletion; inframe_deletion

CivicName: P76del (c.227_229del)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

In a study of 426 unrelated VHL patients, 111 were discovered to have alterations in the VHL gene. 18 novel variants were identified in VHL patients, but none were present in 200 unaffected control individuals. DNA samples from peripheral blood leukocytes underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and direct sequence analysis of the entire coding sequence and intron-exon boundaries. This splice site variant, c.464-1G>A, was found in a 15-year-old VHL patient with retinal hemangioblastomas (index case 227). The patient did not have hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst, pheochromocytoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, renal cysts. This study contains very strong evidence for pathogenicity in the form of a splice site variant in a gene where loss-of-function is a known mechanism of disease.

PatientID: 6

KindredID: 6

Case: Sex Unknown, 27Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Family history noted but details not specified.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: CNS and retinal capillary hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0006770; HP:0000107; HP:0001732 (Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Renal cyst, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

In a study of 426 unrelated VHL patients, 111 were discovered to have alterations in the VHL gene. 18 novel variants were identified in VHL patients, but none were present in 200 unaffected control individuals. DNA samples from peripheral blood leukocytes underwent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC), and direct sequence analysis of the entire coding sequence and intron-exon boundaries. The V170G (c.509T>G) germline missense mutation of the VHL gene was found in a 37 yr old VHL patient with retinal hemangioblastomas and pheochromocytoma (index case 53).

PatientID: 115

KindredID: 115

Case: Sex Unknown, 21Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Proband and father were found to carry the P138T (c.412C>A) germline mutation of the VHL gene. Father, siblings and cousins were analyzed but no phenotype information was provided for these family members. Genotype information for siblings and cousins was not provided.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0006770; HP:0010797; HP:0001732 (Renal cyst, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the pancreas)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Table S1, S2 and S3

Variant: p.P138T (c.412C>A)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: CA16621932, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.412C%3EA

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: P138T (c.412C>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

ArticleReferenceSequence: Not specified – Assumption: variants assumed to have been documented by the author under reference sequence NM_000551.3

GenotypingMethod: All exons of the genes SDHB, SDHD, VHL and exons 10, 11 and 16 of the RET gene were sequenced using Sanger sequencing after PCR amplification.

SamplingMethod: Tissue resection on normal liver tissue

PatientID: 1 (case)

KindredID: 1

Case: F, 33Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: endolymphatic sac tumor

FamilyInfo: Her mother and elder sister had history of resection of cerebellar hemangioblastomas, although no genetic testing was done for them.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (endolymphatic sac tumor)

CaseHPOFreeText: Woman had progressive hearing disturbance, vertigo, and headache since 32Y. MRI revealed a 4.5 × 3.8 × 3.5-cm mass was detected in the right cerebellopontine angle, destroying the cerebellum. CT with a bone window mode demonstrated extensive destruction of the petrous bone and middle ear structures (endolymphatic sac tumor). The patient underwent craniotomy for a complete removal of the tumor. To date of publication, the patient remains well, with no evidence of recurrent tumor.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.340+1G>A

LegacyVariant: 553 + 1G→A, designated as IVS1 + 1G→A mutation

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223190 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223190/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: No LOH was found in this sample

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice site (c.340+1G>A)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 23

KindredID: 23

Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: Positive family history.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666, HP:0002864, HP:0009711, HP:0001737 (pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma of head and neck, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic cysts)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: 9880225

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: I (mother)

KindredID: F12

Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: 4 members of this family (I.mother, II.daughter, II.son, III.granddaughter) presented with pheochromocytoma and were found to have the P138= (c.414A>G) germline variant of the VHL gene.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.P138= (c.414A>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223206, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223206/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition; synonymous_variant

CivicName: P138= (c.414A>G)

17 patients with genetic variants in SDHB, VHL, EPAS1, or RET with pheochromocytoma were identified retroactively for this study. 5 pathogenic germline variants were confirmed in patients with clinical criteria of von Hippel Lindau syndrome. Next generation sequencing (NGS) re-confirmed these germline mutations. One of which was a p.R107S (c.319C>A) mutation in patient 3, a 26Y male with pheochromocytoma. No further manifestation details were provided, nor family information.

GroupID: 20B

Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity unknown

DiseaseAssertion: Unknown. Patient was pulled from either the VHL-Registry or NET- Registry and recorded with the given mutation. Symptoms or manifestations are not clear.

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

CasePreviousTesting: Patient was negatively tested for islet cell tumors (ICTs), or listed as pancreatic endocrine tumor.

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.L158V (c.472C>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 567944 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/567944/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: L158V (c.472C>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

53 patients with a molecularly confirmed VHL mutation (by PCR through EDTA-anticoagulated blood) and a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor (ICT) were collected from the German NET-Registry and the German VHL-registry. An additional 296 patients were stated in this paper with a VHL associated germline mutation, but without pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. 2 patients were found to have the above mutation (c.340G>A). 1 was a VHL patient with an ICT (pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor) taken from the VHL-registry. The other patient was stated to be in this study with the given mutation, however no ICT. Other clinical manifestations outside of a pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor are possible, but were not discussed. ACMG evidence codes: 'PP2' because they observe a missense variant in a gene where missense variants are a common mechanism of disease.

GroupID: 18B

DiseaseAssertion: Unknown. Patients were pulled from either the VHL-Registry or NET-Registry and recorded with the given mutation. Symptoms or manifestations are not clear.

GroupSize: 4

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: N/A

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: 4 patients with the given mutation were grouped as group 18(B) in this study. These patients were asymptomatic or unclear of symptoms.

GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: c.464-2A>G

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223222 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223222/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: splice_site_variant

CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-2A>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

A retrospective analysis of pheochromocytoma tissue samples from the Department of Pathology of the Erasmus MC (Rotterdam) revealed an 18Y female patient (ID #F119) with a confirmed germline mutation in the VHL gene, p.Arg64Pro. The patient had pheochromocytoma but other phenotypes were not described. Family history was not described. Pheochromocytoma is highly specific to VHL disease (PP4) and disease-causing missense variants are common in VHL disease (PP2).

PatientID: 1

KindredID: 1

Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: renal cell carcinoma

FamilyInfo: None

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.I151S (c.452T>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 223215 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223215/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: patient has a germline deletion of VHL gene demonstrated by loss of one open-reading frame signal detected by g7 cDNA probe. Renal cell carcinoma sample from this patient shows a missense somatic mutation I151S(c.452T>G) in the second copy of VHL gene.

MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

CivicName: Deletion AND I151S (c.452T>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, deletion

PatientID: IV-6 (Proband)

KindredID: 2

Case: F, 23Y0M, Mexican

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: This family included three affected individuals and two of them were studied. The proband (IV-6) was a 23-year-old woman who was previously diagnosed with VHL disease and had a tumor in the cerebellum; VA and IOP were normal and no ocular manifestations of the disorder were recorded at examination. Her 36-year-old sister (IV-7) had a spinal cord HB. None of them presented ocular symptoms. Remarkably, her 55-year-old mother (III-8) did not exhibit any clinical manifestation of the disease. Three of her maternal uncles (III-1, III-2 and III-3) presented with cerebellar HB and one of them also had a renal cell carcinoma; In addition, her maternal grandmother (II-2) and her maternal grandmother's sister (II-3) had unspecified CNS tumors.

CohortInfo: Two families and one apparently non-familial case were studied at the Institute of Ophthalmology ‘Conde de Valenciana’ (Mexico City, Mexico).

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: Cerebellar hemangioblastoma.

CaseNotHPOs: N/A

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: Family pedigree (Figure 1 (b))

Variant: p.L89P (c.266T>C)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: 182979, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182979/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transition

CivicName: L89P (c.266T>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: None

KindredID: 12

Case: Age, Sex, Ethnicity Unknown

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: The patient has no family history of VHL disease. They were identified as sporadic with their parents being excluded from having a germline mutation.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0000107; HP:0001737; HP:003042 (hemangioblastoma, renal cyst, pancreatic cysts, epididymal cyst)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0005584 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma, renal cell carcinoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.T152P (c.454A>C)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: N/A

ClinVarID: 928821 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/928821/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: T152P (c.454A>C)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

The authors presented a cased of a 28-year-old woman with neurological symptoms from two haemangioblastomas (cerebellar and cerebro-spinal). Refined clinical work-up revealed pancreatic cysts and angiomatosis retinae (retinal hemangioblastoma). Clinical work-up revealed no pheochromocytoma was found in the patient. PCR/SSCP analysis and fluorescence-labelled based excision sequence scanning (F-BESS) were used to detect mutation in the VHL gene. The L140Pfs*4 (c.418dup) mutation was detected in the patient, referred to in the paper by c.631_632insC due to a difference in transcript sequence. No signs of VHL disease was detected in the patient's family members (mother, brother, sister), and genetic analysis also did not reveal any VHL mutation in the family members. The patient’s father died from a myocardial infarction at the age of 58 years and was not tested for VHL. ACMG: 'PP4' because the patients' phenotypes are highly specific for a disease with single genetic etiology.

PMID: 10563480 Gene: VHL StandardizedReferenceSequence: NM_000551.3

27 index patients suspected of having VHL disease from unrelated Chinese families and their relatives were studied. The nucleotide were numbered according to the sequence numbering by Latif et al, 1993 and this was converted to NM_000551.3. The paper did not differentiate between a pancreatic cysts and tumor and presented these together as a 'pancreatic lesion'. The paper summariezed the phenotypes of the families together. Family 2 was found with p.Glu70* mutation in the VHL gene: 1/2 members had CNS hemangioblastoma. 1/2 had retinal angioma, and 1/2 members had a pancreatic lesion. ACMG PP4

GroupID/ KindredID: 3

DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

GroupSize: 6

GroupNumberMales: N/A

GroupNumberFemales: N/A

GroupEthnicity: Chinese

GroupAgeRange: N/A

GroupInfo: With a family history, 6 family members were recorded in this group with the given mutation.

GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001732 (hemangioblastoma; renal cell carcinoma; pancreatic lesion)

GroupHPOFreeText: 5 members had CNS hemangioblastomas, 1 member had RCC, and 1 had pancreatic cysts or tumors (an abnormality of the pancreas)

GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma)

GroupNotHPOFreeText: No family members appeared to have the above manifestation.

GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.Q73* (c.217C>T)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

LegacyVariant: p.Q73* (c.430C>T)

ClinVarID: 223164 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223164/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: stop_gained

CivicName: Q73* (c.217C>T)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: II-2

GroupID/ KindredID: 6

Case: Age unknown (deceased), M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

FamilyInfo: Positive - 22 family members were recorded with the given mutation. 18 had VHL manifestations while 4 were asymptomatic carriers. See pedigree (Fig 3.), or follow GroupID/KindredID: 6

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0001732; HP:0002666 (Renal cell carcinoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, abnormality of the pancreas, pheochromocytoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: No VHL gene test was conducted but due to substantial family pedigree history, can assumed with confidence this mutation

LegacyVariant: p.N78S (c.446A>G)

ClinVarID: 93326 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

CAID: N/A

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant; transition

CivicName: N78S (c.233A>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

PatientID: 22

KindredID: 22

Case: F, 26Y0M, Korean

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL.

CohortInfo: 26 Korean patients with more than one HAB in the CNS or eye, a single HAB in the CNS or retina plus a visceral manifestation (multiple renal, pancreatic or hepatic cysts, pheochromocytoma and RCC) and positive family history plus any one of the above manifestations.

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (Hemangioblastoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple or bilateral CNS hemangioblastoma. Other phenotypes presented but not specified (one or more of: pancreatic cyst or tumor, renal or hepatic cyst). Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma)

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.L101R (c.302T>G)

LegacyVariant: N/A

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVarID: N/A

CAID: CA351751004, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_canonicalid?canonicalid=CA351751004

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

CivicName: L101R (c.302T>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

Medical records of 26 patients with germline mutations of the VHL gene who had been diagnosed with VHL disease in Severance Hospital (Seoul, Republic of Korea) and Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Republic of Korea) between 2003 and 2012 were reviewed. Peripheral blood leukocytes were isolated and directly sequenced. 8 unrelated patients diagnosed with Type 1 VHL disease shared the same VHL germline missense mutation (c.208G>A; p.Glu70Lys). The patients' phenotypes were as follows: 55 year old male with multiple CNS hemangioblastomas (Patient 3), 55Y male with multiple CNS hemangioblastomas (Patient 4), 43Y male with multiple CNS hemangioblastomas and renal cysts (other phenotypic data not available), (Patient 5), 11Y male with bilateral retinal hemangioblastoma and renal cysts (Patient 6), 48Y female with CNS hemangioblastoma (Patient 7) , 64Y female with CNS hemangioblastoma (Patient 8), 16Y F with retinal hemangioblastoma (Patient 9), 41Y female with CNS hemangioblastoma (Patient 10). All patients were negative for VHL family history. Patient 3 was previously reported in PMID 19270817. Patient 5 was previously reported in either PMID 19270817 and/or 19949673.

Medical records of 26 patients with germline mutations of the VHL gene who had been diagnosed with VHL disease in Severance Hospital (Seoul, Republic of Korea) and Samsung Medical Center (Seoul, Republic of Korea) between 2003 and 2012 were respectively reviewed. Peripheral blood leukocytes were isolated and directly sequenced using the BigDye Terminator Cycle Sequencing Ready Reaction kit on an ABI Prism 3130 genetic analyzer (Applied Biosystems). One 34Y male patient (Patient 15) presented with multiple and/or bilateral RCC and a CNS hemangioblastoma. He had a germline missense mutation in the VHL gene (c.233A>G p.Asn 78 Ser). The patient had a negative family history of VHL disease. The phenotypes of this patient were revised from a previous report in PMID 19270817 and/or 19949673.

PatientID: 2

KindredID: 2

Case: F, 44Y0M, Chinese

DiseaseAssertion: VHL

FamilyInfo: N/A

CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005562; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0006770 (Renal neoplasm, Multiple renal cysts, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

CaseHPOFreeText: Patient 2 was a 44-year-old female with a medical history of asynchronous bilateral solid renal tumors some which were further characterized as clear cell RCC, multiple renal cysts, retinal angioma, pancreatic cysts.

CaseNotHPOs:None

CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

CasePreviousTesting: N/A

PreviouslyPublished: N/A

SupplementalData: N/A

Variant: p.N78S (c.233A>G)

LegacyVariant: c.446A>G

CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

ClinVar: 93326, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/93326/

CAID: CA351749194

gnomAD: N/A

VariantEvidence: N/A

MutationType: missense_transition

CivicName: N78S (c.223A>G)

MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

The data of 18 patients with solid renal tumours associated with VHL disease were analyzed. Seventeen patients had a VHL family history, the only patient that had no family history of VHL was patient 12. The patients came from 12 Chinese families and 5 were from the same family. Extrarenal manifestations of VHL disease were detected in 17 patients. Of 18 patients, 15 (including 6 asymptomatic) volunteered for DNA testing as previously described. Patient 13 had genetic testing and was found to have a germline mutation c.486C>G (Cys162Trp). This missense mutation is noted as c.699C>G in the paper due to a difference in the VHL reference sequence notation used. Patient 13 was a 48-year-old male with a medical history of synchronous bilateral solid renal tumors, multiple renal cysts, CNS hemangioblastoma. AMCG evidence codes: ’flag for PP4 review’ because the patients phenotype is highly specific for a mutation in the VHL gene.