On the erosion of middle class America. Poverty line is around 140k if actual costs taken into account. The 1960s benchmark assumed cost of food to be 1/3 of overall costs. Now it's 7% or so, meaning 1/15 of overall costs. This pushes up the poverty line to 5 times the level used, or some 150k USD pa
Example of a proxy being used as 'measurement' and the assumptions in a proxy never re-evaluated.
Thomson, A., Robinson, K., & Vallée-Tourangeau, G. (2016). The 5As: A practical taxonomy for the determinants of vaccine uptake. Vaccine, 34(8), 1018–1024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.11.065
Goodman, J. D. (2020, August 31). A Quick Virus Test? Sure, If You Can Afford It. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/nyregion/rapid-coronavirus-test.html
Shama, S., & Ikbal, J. (2020). EDUCATION DURING A PANDEMIC: A feasibility study of online classes in Bangladesh to counteract potential study gaps caused by COVID-19 related lockdowns [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/p6mws
increasing access to learning materials by adopting OER
Except that adopting OER does demonstrably increase the number of students who take your class, which measurably improves learning FOR THEM.
we more readily attribute their inability to complete assigned readings to laziness and entitlement than to unaffordability
Or hunger, or working full-time.
Loan Affordability Index:
2.02
They can’t afford to do a strike by themselves.
A NEW FEDERALISM IN HIGHER EDUCATION AFFORDABILITY
College Affordability Diagnosis