- Jul 2024
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www.linkedin.com www.linkedin.com
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Dr. Sönke AhrensOn page 117 of "How to Take Smart Notes" you write the following: "The slip-box not only confronts us with dis-confirming information, butalso helps with what is known as the feature-positive effect (Allison andMessick 1988; Newman, Wolff, and Hearst 1980; Sainsbury 1971). This isthe phenomenon in which we tend to overstate the importance of informationthat is (mentally) easily available to us and tilts our thinking towards the mostrecently acquired facts, not necessarily the most relevant ones. Withoutexternal help, we would not only take exclusively into account what weknow, but what is on top of our heads.[35] The slip-box constantly remindsus of information we have long forgotten and wouldn’t remember otherwise –so much so, we wouldn’t even look for it."My question for you: Why have you chosen to use the Feature-Positive Effect as the phenomenon to make your point and not the recency bias?The recency bias seems more aligned with your point of our minds favoring recently learned information/knowledge over already existing, perhaps more relevant, cognitive schemata.To my mind, the FPE states that it is easier to detect patterns when the unique stimuli indicating the pattern is present rather than absent... In the following example:Pattern in this sequence: 1235 8593 0591 2531 8532 (all numbers have a 5; the unique feature is present) Pattern in this sequence: 1236 8193 0291 2931 8472 (no numbers contain a 5; the unique feature is absent)The pattern in the first sequence is more easily spotted than the pattern in the second sequence, this is the feature-positive effect. This has not much to do with your point.I do get what you are coming from, namely that we are biased towards what is more readily in mind; however, the extension of this argument with the comparison of relevance vs. time makes the recency bias or availability heuristic more applicable; and also easier to explain in my opinion.Once again, I am simply curious what made you choose the FPE as the phenomenon to explain.I hope you take the time to read this and respond to it. Thanks in advance.Sources in the comments
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Hey Matthew, it's a fair point. Without having the whole passage or a previous draft in front of me, it could be simply the outcome of the editing process. It does read like you said: as if I had recency bias in mind (next to other fitting ones), which then got lost after having shortened it for readability. That's my best guess. Even though it is tempting in these cases to come up with some post-hoc, smart sounding reason...
Response by Ahrens to my question/criticism
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- Feb 2024
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Is there enough stone?
for - stone availability - stats - stone availability
stone stats - rough calculation below
- Question: Is there enough stone?
- According to the Global Cement and Concrete Association,
- annual worldwide concrete production is roughly 1.6 km3.
- Due to its higher strength its equivalent in stone would be about one quarter of that volume.
- To put this into context,
- the volume of a small, Ben Nevis-ish mountain is about 30km3;
- all the world’s buildings* would only make a 56km3 or two Nevis,
- the Earth’s crust (rock) has a volume of 10 billion km3.
- Assumptions for above calculations:
- 7bn people living in threes in
- 120m2 live work units made of
- 200mm slabs.
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- Oct 2023
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dans.knaw.nl dans.knaw.nl
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Datafiles can be published with a suitable embargo period, forinstance to allow completion of publications or research basedon the dataset, or to respect contracts made by the depositorwith third parties concerning intellectual property rights.DANS encourages embargo periods of 6 months or less.
Expectations
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- Sep 2023
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popjournal.ca popjournal.ca
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All PID Registration Agencies must have highly redundant storage and hosting infrastructure in order to ensure that services are globally available 24-7
Redundancy
Tags
Annotators
URL
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- Jul 2023
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www.youtube.com www.youtube.comYouTube1
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=b1_RKu-ESCY
Lots of controversy over this music video this past week or so.
In addition to some of the double entendre meanings of "we take care of our own", I'm most appalled about the tacit support of the mythology that small towns are "good" and large cities are "bad" (or otherwise scary, crime-ridden, or dangerous).
What are the crime statistics per capita about the safety of small versus large?
Availability bias of violence and crime in the big cities are overly sampled by most media (newspapers, radio, and television). This video plays heavily into this bias.
There's also an opposing availability bias going on with respect to the positive aspects of small communities "taking care of their own" when in general, from an institutional perspective small towns are patently not taking care of each other or when they do its very selective and/or in-crowd based rather than across the board.
Note also that all the news clips and chyrons are from Fox News in this piece.
Alternately where are the musicians singing about and focusing on the positive aspects of cities and their cultures.
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- Jan 2023
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www.cambridge.org www.cambridge.org
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It seems fairly clear that the concern with sequences associated with birds was to convey the availability of eggs.
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- Nov 2022
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apple.stackexchange.com apple.stackexchange.com
- Aug 2022
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Laurent, C. de S., Murphy, G., Hegarty, K., & Greene, C. (2021). Measuring the effects of misinformation exposure on behavioural intentions. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/2xngy
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www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
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Munro, A. P. S., Janani, L., Cornelius, V., Aley, P. K., Babbage, G., Baxter, D., Bula, M., Cathie, K., Chatterjee, K., Dodd, K., Enever, Y., Gokani, K., Goodman, A. L., Green, C. A., Harndahl, L., Haughney, J., Hicks, A., van der Klaauw, A. A., Kwok, J., … Appleby, K. (2021). Safety and immunogenicity of seven COVID-19 vaccines as a third dose (booster) following two doses of ChAdOx1 nCov-19 or BNT162b2 in the UK (COV-BOOST): A blinded, multicentre, randomised, controlled, phase 2 trial. The Lancet, S0140673621027173. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)02717-3 s
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www.independent.co.uk www.independent.co.uk
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Chao-Fong, L. (2021, July 20). Lateral flow Covid tests run out on day lockdown is fully lifted | The Independent. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/lateral-flow-test-run-out-b1886589.html
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- Jul 2022
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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We also tend to preferinformation we have seen more recently to informationwe learned a long time ago.
Does this effect have a name? references?
Apparently called the recency bias: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recency_bias which may be entangled with availability bias or heuristic.
Are both recency and availability biases the foundations for causing the Baader–Meinhof phenomenon or frequency bias?
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www.zylstra.org www.zylstra.org
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Harold Jarche looked at his most visited blog postings over the years, and concludes his blog conforms to Sturgeon’s Revelation that 90% of everything is crap. I recognise much of what Harold writes. I suspect this is also what feeds impostor syndrome. You see the very mixed bag of results from your own efforts, and how most of it is ‘crap’. The few ‘hits’ for which you get positive feedback are then either ‘luck’ or should be normal, not sparse. Others of course forget most if not all of your less stellar products and remember mostly the ones that stood out. Only you are in a position to compare what others respond to with your internal perspective.
The cumulative effect of one's perception of Sturgeon's law may be a driving force underlying imposter syndrome.
While one see's the entirety of their own creation process and realizes that only a small fraction of it is truly useful, it's much harder seeing only the finished product of others. The impression one is left with by availability heuristic is that there are thousands of geniuses in the world with excellent, refined products or ideas while one's own contribution is miniscule in comparison.
Contrast this with Matt Ridley's broad perspective in The Rational Optimist which shows the power of cumulative breeding and evolution of ideas. One person can make their own stone hand axe, but no one person can make their own toaster oven or computer mouse alone.
Link to: - lone genius myth (eg. Einstein's special relativity did not spring fully formed from the head of Zeus, there was a long train of work and thought which we don't see the context of)
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- May 2022
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adactio.com adactio.com
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I originally said: It feels like the principle of least power in action. But another way of rephrasing “least power” is “most availability.” Technologies that are old, simple, and boring tend to be more widely available.
This is also the reason that space platforms are built on incredibly old computing systems, we know what all the problems and issues are. Then when the satellite is up in outer-space where it's not accessible and not easily repairable, it will hopefully work as expected forever.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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you saw the inevitable blog posts in the blogosphere and the youtubers picked it up and if you actually did it like cold adaption it was very easy to see who actually did 00:04:34 it themselves and then had some practical experience and some people like just researched it and like i think you you know it like when people say like the 12 best tips for x and y 00:04:47 yeah and um you have this kind of blog post that's obvious like easy grabs for content
There are likely far more people talking about zettelkasten and writing short, simple blogposts and articles about it than those who are actually practicing it and seeing benefit from it.
Finding public examples of people practicing and showing their work in the zettelkasten space are few and far between.
This effect likely increases the availability bias of Niklas Luhmann's zettelkasten which is frequently spoken of, but it also has the benefit of being online, even if it's primarily written in German.
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www.otherlife.co www.otherlife.co
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Many writers have devised lots of little systems, and the fact that everyone into PKM mentions this one guy supports my argument. What percentage of history's greatest and most prolific writers did not use a Zettelkasten? More than 99%, probably. Luhmann is an exception that proves the rule.
There is a heavy availability heuristic at play here. Most people in the recent/modern PKM space are enamored with the idea of zettelkasten and no one (or very few) have delved in more deeply to the history to uncover more than Luhmann. There definitely are many, many more. If we expand the circle to include looser forms like the commonplace book then we find that nearly every major thinker since the Renaissance kept some sort of note taking system and it's highly likely that their work was heavily influenced by their notes, notebooks, and commonplace books.
Hell, Newton invented the calculus in his waste book, a form of pre-commonplace book from which he apparently never got his temporary notes out into a more personal permanent form.
A short trip to even the scant references on the Wikipedia pages for commonplace book and zettelkasten will reveal a fraction of the extant examples.
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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name means a slit box in german as in like a slip of paper a box containing such slips of paper it was invented or at least the modern form was described by a sociologist 00:02:32 named nicholas lumon
Another example of someone misattributing the invention of the zettelkasten to Niklas Luhmann. At least Soren Bjornstad modifies the attribution to say modern form, but I suspect that this is more of a verbal hedge more than being backed up with actual evidence, though perhaps the video will bear out more detail?
The availability heuristic is so strong in Luhmann's case, that he is attributed the invention. I find that few people can point to or ever mention any others who used the method.
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- Feb 2022
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Mazar, A., Tomaino, G., Carmon, Z., & Wood, W. (2022). Distance to Vaccine Sites is Associated with Lower COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mux5s
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- Jan 2022
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medicalxpress.com medicalxpress.com
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Crane, M., & University, T. O. S. (n.d.). Vaccine hesitance dropped faster among Blacks, study finds. Retrieved January 24, 2022, from https://medicalxpress.com/news/2022-01-vaccine-hesitance-faster-blacks.html
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- Dec 2021
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learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com learn-us-east-1-prod-fleet01-xythos.content.blackboardcdn.com
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Now, this may seem counter-intuitive to anyone who spendsmuch time watching the news, let alone who knows much about thehistory of the twentieth century.
Are they suffering from potential availability heuristic (cognitive bias) here? Are they encouraging it in us? Just because we see violence on the news every day doesn't mean it's ubiquitous.
Apparently we'll need real evidence here to provide actual indications.
Does Steven Pinker provide archaeological evidence in his book? What are the per capita rates of violence and/or death over time?
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- Nov 2021
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theconversation.com theconversation.com
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Breen, Liz, and Sarah Schiffling. ‘The UK’s Speedy COVID-19 Vaccine Rollout: Surprise Success or Planned Perfection?’ The Conversation. Accessed 15 November 2021. http://theconversation.com/the-uks-speedy-covid-19-vaccine-rollout-surprise-success-or-planned-perfection-155922.
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- Oct 2021
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Maxmen, Amy. ‘The Fight to Manufacture COVID Vaccines in Lower-Income Countries’. Nature 597, no. 7877 (15 September 2021): 455–57. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02383-z.
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- Sep 2021
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www.gavi.org www.gavi.org
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Josh Michaud. “Over the next 2 Months COVAX Expects to Have Access to Almost Twice as Many Covid-19 Vaccine Doses as It Did over the First 8 Months of This Year. Https://Gavi.Org/Sites/Default/Files/Covid/Covax/COVAX-Supply-Forecast.Pdf Https://T.Co/JBtGYXFTwc.” Tweet. @joshmich (blog), September 2, 2021. https://twitter.com/joshmich/status/1433462474544660484.
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www.medrxiv.org www.medrxiv.org
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Aleta, A., Blas-Laína, J. L., Anglés, G. T., & Moreno, Y. (2021). Unraveling the COVID-19 hospitalization dynamics in Spain using publicly available data (p. 2021.09.03.21263086). https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.09.03.21263086v1
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- Aug 2021
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www.cbc.ca www.cbc.ca
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Press ·, The Canadian. “Demand for COVID-19 Vaccines Dropping in Canada — and Some Fear It Could Mean Tossed Doses | CBC News.” CBC, July 21, 2021. https://www.cbc.ca/news/health/covid-vaccine-demand-dropping-canada-1.6111448.
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www.theatlantic.com www.theatlantic.com
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Unvaccinated Is Different From Anti-Vax—The Atlantic. (n.d.). Retrieved August 1, 2021, from https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2021/07/unvaccinated-different-anti-vax/619523/
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- Jul 2021
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kneelingbus.substack.com kneelingbus.substack.com
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A platform like Twitter makes our asynchronous posts feel like real-time interaction by delivering them in such rapid succession, and that illusion begets another more powerful one, that we’re all actually present within the feed.
This same sort of illusion also occurs in email where we're always assumed to be constantly available to others.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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CitiNewsroom. (2021, July 15). The AstraZeneca Africa Director, Barbara Nel, has disclosed that a total of 1.6 billion fully funded COVID-19 vaccines would be made available for COVAX dependent countries later this year through to 2022. | Watch the full interview with @benkoku here: Https://t.co/kw3BKzMclU https://t.co/6gQ1DZMnB6 [Tweet]. @Citi973. https://twitter.com/Citi973/status/1415697599236018181
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- Apr 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Ebrahimi, O. V., Johnson, M. S., Ebling, S., Amundsen, O. M., Halsøy, Ø., Hoffart, A., … Johnson, S. U. (2021, April 25). Risk, Trust, and Flawed Assumptions: Vaccine Hesitancy During the COVID-19 Pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/57pwf
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- Mar 2021
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www.prnewswire.com www.prnewswire.com
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Johnson, J. &. (n.d.). Johnson & Johnson Announces Advance Purchase Agreement with the African Vaccine Acquisition Trust for the Company’s COVID-19 Vaccine Candidate. Retrieved 30 March 2021, from https://www.prnewswire.com/news-releases/johnson--johnson-announces-advance-purchase-agreement-with-the-african-vaccine-acquisition-trust-for-the-companys-covid-19-vaccine-candidate-301257348.html
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Moehring, A. V., Collis, A., Garimella, K., Rahimian, M., Aral, S., & Eckles, D. (2021, February 8). Surfacing norms to increase vaccine acceptance. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/srv6t
Tags
- social influence
- vietnam
- united states
- descriptive norms
- availability
- italy
- united kingdom
- argentina
- malaysia
- brazil
- india
- COVID-19
- bangladesh
- lang:en
- nigeria
- japan
- germany
- behavioral science
- pakistan
- philippines
- acceptance
- turkey
- egypt
- conformity
- belief
- poland
- indonesia
- mexico
- colombia
- france
- vaccination
- experiment
- vaccine hesitancy
- thailand
- romania
- is:preprint
- research
Annotators
URL
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McCabe, Stefan, Leo Torres, Timothy LaRock, Syed Arefinul Haque, Chia-Hung Yang, Harrison Hartle, and Brennan Klein. ‘Netrd: A Library for Network Reconstruction and Graph Distances’. ArXiv:2010.16019 [Physics], 29 October 2020. http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.16019.
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- Feb 2021
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queue.acm.org queue.acm.org
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on-call coverage
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blogs.bmj.com blogs.bmj.com
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Waitzberg, R., & Davidovitch, N. (2021, February 5). Israel’s vaccination rollout: short term success, but questions for the long run. The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/02/05/israels-vaccination-rollout-short-term-success-but-questions-for-the-long-run/?utm_campaign=shareaholic&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=socialnetwork
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- Oct 2020
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www.theguardian.com www.theguardian.com
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Global Covid report: Young and healthy may not get vaccine until 2022, WHO says. (2020, October 15). The Guardian. http://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/oct/15/global-covid-report-young-and-healthy-may-not-get-vaccine-until-2022-who-says
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Bingham, K. (2020). Plan now to speed vaccine supply for future pandemics. Nature, 586(7828), 171–171. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02798-0
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sp.lyellcollection.org sp.lyellcollection.org
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Cerase, A. (2020). From “good” intuitions to principled practices and beyond: Ethical issues in risk communication. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 508. https://doi.org/10.1144/SP508-2020-104
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- Sep 2020
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www.nature.com www.nature.com
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Kwon, D. (2020). More than 100 scientific journals have disappeared from the Internet. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-020-02610-z
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Stephanie deGiorgio on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 10, 2020, from https://twitter.com/DrSdeG/status/1303946431523418112
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Anthony Costello on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved September 9, 2020, from https://twitter.com/globalhlthtwit/status/1303597547546652672
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Local file Local file
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the availability heuristic. The easier it is to access, the more relevant we think it is.
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www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
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Goodman, J. D. (2020, August 31). A Quick Virus Test? Sure, If You Can Afford It. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/08/31/nyregion/rapid-coronavirus-test.html
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- Aug 2020
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Carroll, P. (2020, August 20). The Cognitive Biases Behind Society’s Response to COVID-19 | Patrick Carroll. https://fee.org/articles/the-cognitive-biases-behind-societys-response-to-covid-19/
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- Jul 2020
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jamanetwork.com jamanetwork.com
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Weinberger, D. M., Chen, J., Cohen, T., Crawford, F. W., Mostashari, F., Olson, D., Pitzer, V. E., Reich, N. G., Russi, M., Simonsen, L., Watkins, A., & Viboud, C. (2020). Estimation of Excess Deaths Associated With the COVID-19 Pandemic in the United States, March to May 2020. JAMA Internal Medicine. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamainternmed.2020.3391
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Schelhorn, I., Ecker, A., Bereznai, J., Tran, T., Rehm, S., Lugo, R., Sütterlin, S., Kinateder, M., & Shiban, Y. (2020). Depression symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic in different regions in Germany. [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/p9wz8
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osf.io osf.io
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Curtis, D. S., Rigolon, A., Schmalz, D. L., & Brown, B. (2020). Getting out while staying in: Park use decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, especially where park availability was low [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/9xzgf
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www.sfweekly.com www.sfweekly.com
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The most controversial crime-related posts get the most engagement. In turn, these posts are featured the most in users’ notifications because the algorithm knows those posts attract lots of likes, comments, and clicks.
I wonder if this also increases the availability heuristic implicit and makes people think there is more crime in their neighborhood than there actually is?
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- Jun 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Minocher, R., Atmaca, S., Bavero, C., McElreath, R., & Beheim, B. (2020, June 24). Reproducibility of social learning research declines exponentially over 63 years of publication. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/4nzc7
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- May 2020
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www.digitalocean.com www.digitalocean.com
- Jun 2017
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sookocheff.com sookocheff.com
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no data loss will occur as long as producers and consumers handle this possibility and retry appropriately.
Retries should be built into the consumer and producer code. If leader for the partition fails, you will see a LeaderNotAvailable Exception.
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By electing a new leader as soon as possible messages may be dropped but we will minimized downtime as any new machine can be leader.
two scenarios to get the leader back: 1.) Wait to bring the master back online. 2.) Or elect the first node that comes back up. But in this scenario if that replica partition was a bit behind the master then the time from when this replica went down to when the master went down. All that data is Lost.
SO there is a trade off between availability and consistency. (Durability)
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keep in mind that these guarantees hold as long as you are producing to one partition and consuming from one partition.
This is very important a 1-to-1 mapping between writer and reader with partition. If you have more producers per partition or more consumers per partition your consistency is going to go haywire
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