https://www.investopedia.com/terms/t/t-test.asp A t-test is an inferential statistic used to determine if there is a significant difference between the means of two groups and how they are related. T-tests are used when the data sets follow a normal distribution and have unknown variances, like the data set recorded from flipping a coin 100 times.

How to TTEST

https://www.usgo.org/news/2016/11/aga-president-andy-okuns-father-milton-t-okun-music-producer-for-john-denver-peter-paul-and-mary-dies/

Andy Okun's father

https://www.bartleby.com/nonfiction/

Pg. 52, 53, & 54

• Dietrich Bonheoffer, the 1st German lutheran Pator and theologians opposed Adolf Hitler's anti-semitic legislation called the Aryan Clause on April 7, 1933
• Reich church damded loyalty oath from all German Protestants who held church offices
• Bonheoffer refused and took lead in the alternative, confessing church movement
• he helped many jews escape the Germans as well as training other church leaders to do the same
• In June 1939 Bonhoeffer went to the U.S for the sake of his safety
• Bonheoffer specializes in theology
• He felt a calling to be involved in church and national affairs
• Bonheoffer worried that he is leaving god behind because he is not following his calling by staying to the U.S
• He was not allowed to return to Germany and this worried him
• June 20th, he feels uneasy and wishes to return home because God is giving him a sign "The reasons one gives for an action to others and to one's self are certainly inadequate... In the last resort one acts from a level which remains hidden from us. So we can only ask God to judge and forgive us.. it is now in his hands" (Cahalan, 54)
• July 9, 1939 he returns to Germany and resumes his efforts to resit hitlier and the Reich
• He wanted to assassinate Hitler (pg. 54)
• April 5, 1943 he was arrested for his activity in the underground resistance movement

This is what Dr. Herring meant by "fatter tails."

Below is why.

Thomas, L. (2021, October 14). SARS-CoV-2 induces tissue immune memory. News-Medical.Net. https://www.news-medical.net/news/20211014/SARS-CoV-2-induces-tissue-immune-memory.aspx

Beaumont, P. (2021, December 17). T-cells in Pfizer Covid jab recipients stay robust against severe illness. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2021/dec/17/t-cells-pfizer-covid-jab-robust-against-severe-illness-south-africa-research

https://findmymobile.samsung.com/

Gene: DICER1 PMCID: PMC8451242 PMID: 34552563 Pathogenic Inheritance Pattern: Autosomal Dominant MultipleDiseaseEntities Disease Entity: DICER1 syndrome, multinodular goitre, cystic nephroma, anaplastic renal sarcoma, Wilms tumour, differentiated thyroid carcinoma, gynandroblastoma, ciliary body medulloepithelioma, embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, pineoblastoma, pituitary blastoma, kidney cyst, pulmonary cyst, Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor. Mutation: Germline MultipleGeneVariants Variant & Clinvar IDs: c.3452_3453del (485534), c.316del (no ClinVar ID), c.171_172insAC (no ClinVar ID), c.3434del (no ClinVar ID), c.988C>T (933007), c.5388dup (no ClinVar ID) Zygosity: None provided. Case: At time of operation, the goitre patients living in Denmark were ages 21, 12, 21, 8, 14, and 16. Four underwent total thyroidectomies, and two underwent partial thyroidectomies. The patient originally aged 21 previously had a kidney cyst at age 14 and a pulmonary cyst at an unknown age. The patient aged 14 at time of partial thyroidectomy later manifested a Sertoli-Leydig Cell Tumor at age 15. All six patients were female. CasePresentingHPO: None provided. CasePreviousTesting: thyroidectomy gnomAD: ENSG00000100697.10, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/gene/ENSG00000100697 Mutation Type: Frameshift, Nonsense

Gene Name: DICER1 PMCID: PMC5443331 PMID: 28323992 HGNCID: not found Inheritance Pattern: autosomal dominant Disease Entity: thyroid cancer and familial multinodular doiter Mutation: germline loss-of-function mutation Zygosity: not provided Variant: c.1870C>T; p.Arg624a, c.1870C>T; p.Arg624a, c.1870C>T; p.Arg624a, c.1870C>T; p.Arg624a, c.3726C>A; p.Tyr1242a, c.3675C>G; p.Tyr1225a, c.3675C>G; p.Tyr1225a Family Information: 145 individuals with a DICER1 germline mutation and 135 controls from 48 families Case: family members used; both males and females used and no significant differences seen among sex; ages range from 20-40 with carriers being significantly younger than controls; no significant differences seen among ethnicity but participants located from the US, UK, and Great Britain CasePresentingHPOs: thyroid cancer or MNG diagnosis common to those with a DICER! mutation but with no chemotherapy or radiation treatment yet CasePreviousTesting: tested levels of thyroid-stimulating hormone, thyroxine, thyroxine-binding globulin, and serum albumin; thyroid palpation; thyroid ultrasound; Sanger or next-generation sequencing assays gnomAD: n/a Mutation Type: missense

HGNCID:

Payne, R. P., Longet, S., Austin, J. A., Skelly, D. T., Dejnirattisai, W., Adele, S., Meardon, N., Faustini, S., Al-Taei, S., Moore, S. C., Tipton, T., Hering, L. M., Angyal, A., Brown, R., Nicols, A. R., Gillson, N., Dobson, S. L., Amini, A., Supasa, P., … Zawia, A. A. T. (2021). Immunogenicity of standard and extended dosing intervals of BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine. Cell, 184(23), 5699-5714.e11. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2021.10.011

Edward Nirenberg 🇺🇦 [@ENirenberg]. (2021, November 30). This is also not limited to the vaccine- any infection we encounter will do the same thing. It’s how we evolved to get around a massive genetic and bioenergetic challenge and it’s brilliant and it’s happening all the time regardless of any vaccines we get. [Tweet]. Twitter. https://twitter.com/ENirenberg/status/1465698637434933254

difference between SD and SEM

statistical significance should be less than 5%

tf your confidence that the results are not due to chance is 95%

99% confident that the true average (result) is between these two numbers;

at 1% (0.01) significance, we can scientifically assume there is a causal relationship

Bellesi, S., Metafuni, E., Hohaus, S., Maiolo, E., Marchionni, F., D’Innocenzo, S., La Sorda, M., Ferraironi, M., Ramundo, F., Fantoni, M., Murri, R., Cingolani, A., Sica, S., Gasbarrini, A., Sanguinetti, M., Chiusolo, P., & De Stefano, V. (2020). Increased CD95 (Fas) and PD-1 expression in peripheral blood T lymphocytes in COVID-19 patients. British Journal of Haematology, 191(2), 207–211. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjh.17034

Eric Topol. (2022, February 28). A multimodal #AI study of ~54 million blood cells from Covid patients @YaleMedicine for predicting mortality risk highlights protective T cell role (not TH17), poor outcomes of granulocytes, monocytes, and has 83% accuracy https://nature.com/articles/s41587-021-01186-x @NatureBiotech @KrishnaswamyLab https://t.co/V32Kq0Q5ez [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1498373229097799680

https://deadline.com/2022/03/discovery-sets-board-of-directors-warnermedia-merger-1234979430/

New board for Warner Bros. Discovery after $43 billion merger.

Anthony J Leonardi, PhD, MS. (2022, February 28). Damn, nice find https://t.co/cJRhB2k4zH [Tweet]. @fitterhappierAJ. https://twitter.com/fitterhappierAJ/status/1498113886846914567

Hall, V. G., Ferreira, V. H., Wood, H., Ierullo, M., Majchrzak-Kita, B., Manguiat, K., Robinson, A., Kulasingam, V., Humar, A., & Kumar, D. (2022). Delayed-interval BNT162b2 mRNA COVID-19 vaccination enhances humoral immunity and induces robust T cell responses. Nature Immunology, 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41590-021-01126-6

Paolucci, S., Cassaniti, I., Novazzi, F., Fiorina, L., Piralla, A., Comolli, G., Bruno, R., Maserati, R., Gulminetti, R., Novati, S., Mojoli, F., Baldanti, F., Bruno, R., Mondelli, M., Brunetti, E., Matteo, A. D., Seminari, E., Maiocchi, L., Zuccaro, V., … Ferrari, A. (2021). EBV DNA increase in COVID-19 patients with impaired lymphocyte subpopulation count. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 104, 315–319. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2020.12.051

T-test tutorial

Townsend, L., Dyer, A. H., Naughton, A., Kiersey, R., Holden, D., Gardiner, M., Dowds, J., O’Brien, K., Bannan, C., Nadarajan, P., Dunne, J., Martin-Loeches, I., Fallon, P. G., Bergin, C., O’Farrelly, C., Cheallaigh, C. N., Bourke, N. M., & Conlon, N. (2021). Longitudinal Analysis of COVID-19 Patients Shows Age-Associated T Cell Changes Independent of Ongoing Ill-Health. Frontiers in Immunology, 12. https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2021.676932

Los linfocitos T no nos salvarán del coronavirus, pero ayudarán a resolver el puzle inmunitario. (n.d.). Agencia SINC. Retrieved January 17, 2022, from https://www.agenciasinc.es/Reportajes/Los-linfocitos-T-no-nos-salvaran-del-coronavirus-pero-ayudaran-a-resolver-el-puzle-inmunitario

Halliday, J., & correspondent, J. H. N. of E. (2022, January 17). ‘Christmas was awful’: On the Omicron frontline at the Royal Preston hospital. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2022/jan/17/christmas-was-awful-on-the-omicron-frontline-at-the-royal-preston-hospital

Anthony J Leonardi, PhD, MS. (2022, January 4). Wow. 17 years of T cell immunity guys. Looks like it works as advertised. Https://t.co/bkSizFXK49 [Tweet]. @fitterhappierAJ. https://twitter.com/fitterhappierAJ/status/1478392475240869899

ReconfigBehSci on Twitter: ‘T cell immunologist getting very upset at people arguing that high levels of transmission are a good thing’ / Twitter. (n.d.). Retrieved 12 January 2022, from https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1481178244678402048

In his article, Gorbachev says that perestroika was meant for the people and that its goal was to emancipate human beings to give people ownership of their lives and of their country. This stood out to me because the believed it was right to give people freedom which is a great point.

Adamo, S., Michler, J., Zurbuchen, Y., Cervia, C., Taeschler, P., Raeber, M. E., Sain, S. B., Nilsson, J., Moor, A. E., & Boyman, O. (2021). Signature of long-lived memory CD8+ T cells in acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04280-x

Heitmann, J. S., Bilich, T., Tandler, C., Nelde, A., Maringer, Y., Marconato, M., Reusch, J., Jäger, S., Denk, M., Richter, M., Anton, L., Weber, L. M., Roerden, M., Bauer, J., Rieth, J., Wacker, M., Hörber, S., Peter, A., Meisner, C., … Walz, J. S. (2021). A COVID-19 peptide vaccine for the induction of SARS-CoV-2 T cell immunity. Nature, 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-021-04232-5

Mahase, E. (2021). Covid-19: Antibody boost after third dose varies greatly by vaccine, study finds. BMJ, 375, n3011. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.n3011

The source of the translation of the Odyssey by Richmond Lattimore is the 2nd edition of the Oxford text of T. W. Allen.

spoiler: there is also an example about licensing a T-Rex shower nozzle 3-D printed.

John Burn-Murdoch. (2021, August 23). NEW: in the last couple of weeks there have a lot of new studies out assessing vaccine efficacy, many of which have touched on the question of waning immunity. Unsurprisingly, these have prompted a lot of questions. Time for a thread to summarise what we do and don’t know: [Tweet]. @jburnmurdoch. https://twitter.com/jburnmurdoch/status/1429878189011111936

Thushan de Silva on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 29 July 2021, from https://twitter.com/Thushan_deSilva/status/1418511974435115011

Barouch, Dan H., Kathryn E. Stephenson, Jerald Sadoff, Jingyou Yu, Aiquan Chang, Makda Gebre, Katherine McMahan, et al. “Durable Humoral and Cellular Immune Responses 8 Months after Ad26.COV2.S Vaccination.” New England Journal of Medicine 0, no. 0 (July 14, 2021): null. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMc2108829.

Parry, H. M., Tut, G., Faustini, S., Stephens, C., Saunders, P., Bentley, C., Hilyard, K., Brown, K., Amirthalingam, G., Charlton, S., Leung, S., Chiplin, E., Coombes, N. S., Bewley, K. R., Penn, E. J., Rowe, C., Otter, A., Watts, R., D’Arcangelo, S., … Moss, P. (2021). BNT162b2 Vaccination in People Over 80 Years of Age Induces Strong Humoral Immune Responses with Cross Neutralisation of P.1 Brazilian Variant. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3816840

"Funky President" appears on the Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas soundtrack on the Master Sounds 98.3 station.

https://youtu.be/bC5wtwpyc58

https://youtu.be/Bm5iA4Zupek

https://youtu.be/GjuhKczCgSI

https://genius.com/James-brown-funky-president-people-its-bad-lyrics

Dr. Laura Gibbs is one of the most inspiring educators I know.

This appreciation would be exceptional in terms of respect.

I want a shirt like this!

Buss, Lewis F., Carlos A. Prete, Claudia M. M. Abrahim, Alfredo Mendrone, Tassila Salomon, Cesar de Almeida-Neto, Rafael F. O. França, et al. ‘Three-Quarters Attack Rate of SARS-CoV-2 in the Brazilian Amazon during a Largely Unmitigated Epidemic’. Science 371, no. 6526 (15 January 2021): 288–92. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abe9728.

ReconfigBehSci. (2020, November 21). RT @DrEricDing: Good question for immunologists like @michaelmina_lab @VirusesImmunity and @PeterHotez. Https://t.co/Rs1zaUPznm [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1334804615842439170

The surface to in-depth learning. Related to Expansive framing written by Andrews et al.

The "bone" of the body. In the design of social annotation activities, what are the bones?

Comparing datasets to see if they came from the same population.

The GROUPS subcommand specifies an unknown variable or a long string variable.

Doshi, P. (2020). Covid-19: Do many people have pre-existing immunity? BMJ, 370. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m3563

It shows the confident.

Was the author meant Gilgamesh?

Le Bert, N., Tan, A. T., Kunasegaran, K., Tham, C. Y. L., Hafezi, M., Chia, A., Chng, M. H. Y., Lin, M., Tan, N., Linster, M., Chia, W. N., Chen, M. I.-C., Wang, L.-F., Ooi, E. E., Kalimuddin, S., Tambyah, P. A., Low, J. G.-H., Tan, Y.-J., & Bertoletti, A. (2020). SARS-CoV-2-specific T cell immunity in cases of COVID-19 and SARS, and uninfected controls. Nature, 584(7821), 457–462. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-020-2550-z

T cell immunity: What is it and how does it help to protect us from COVID-19? | Imperial News | Imperial College London. (n.d.). Imperial News. Retrieved September 18, 2020, from https://www.imperial.ac.uk/news/201833/cell-immunity-what-does-help-protect/

Mateus, J., Grifoni, A., Tarke, A., Sidney, J., Ramirez, S. I., Dan, J. M., Burger, Z. C., Rawlings, S. A., Smith, D. M., Phillips, E., Mallal, S., Lammers, M., Rubiro, P., Quiambao, L., Sutherland, A., Yu, E. D., Antunes, R. da S., Greenbaum, J., Frazier, A., … Weiskopf, D. (2020). Selective and cross-reactive SARS-CoV-2 T cell epitopes in unexposed humans. Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abd3871

LeslieMay. 14, M., 2020, & Pm, 9:00. (2020, May 14). T cells found in COVID-19 patients ‘bode well’ for long-term immunity. Science | AAAS. https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2020/05/t-cells-found-covid-19-patients-bode-well-long-term-immunity

Mandavilli, A. (2020, June 18). You May Have Antibodies After Coronavirus Infection. But Not for Long. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/06/18/health/coronavirus-antibodies.html

Ferretti, A. P., Kula, T., Wang, Y., Nguyen, D. M., Weinheimer, A., Dunlap, G. S., Xu, Q., Nabilsi, N., Perullo, C. R., Cristofaro, A. W., Whitton, H. J., Virbasius, A., Olivier, K. J., Baiamonte, L. B., Alistar, A. T., Whitman, E. D., Bertino, S. A., Chattopadhyay, S., & MacBeath, G. (2020). COVID-19 Patients Form Memory CD8+ T Cells that Recognize a Small Set of Shared Immunodominant Epitopes in SARS-CoV-2. MedRxiv, 2020.07.24.20161653. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.20161653

Benjamin Meyer on Twitter: “1. Since there was a huge discussion about T-cell mediated immunity following the Lancet comment on seroprevalence by @EckerleIsabella and me, I’d like to share my thoughts on this in the following thread:” / Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved July 8, 2020, from https://twitter.com/BenjaminMeyer85/status/1280257221587320835

Xu, G., Qi, F., Li, H., Yang, Q., Wang, H., Wang, X., Liu, X., Zhao, J., Liao, X., Liu, Y., Amit, I., Liu, L., Zhang, S., & Zhang, Z. (2020). The differential immune responses to COVID-19 in peripheral and lung revealed by single-cell RNA sequencing. MedRxiv, 2020.08.15.20175638. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.15.20175638

Crotty, S. (2020, May 14). "Our new paper rapidly studied T cell + antibody immune responses in average COVID-19 cases. This is good news in multiple ways, including coronavirus vaccines. @ljiresearch cell.com/cell/fulltext/..." Twitter. https://twitter.com/profshanecrotty/status/1261052353773363200

Grifoni, A., Weiskopf, D., Ramirez, S. I., Mateus, J., Dan, J. M., Moderbacher, C. R., Rawlings, S. A., Sutherland, A., Premkumar, L., Jadi, R. S., Marrama, D., de Silva, A. M., Frazier, A., Carlin, A., Greenbaum, J. A., Peters, B., Krammer, F., Smith, D. M., Crotty, S., & Sette, A. (2020). Targets of T cell responses to SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus in humans with COVID-19 disease and unexposed individuals. Cell, S0092867420306103. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2020.05.015

Don’t touch the T-Zone—How to block a key pathway to infection with SARS-CoV-2. (2020, April 3). The BMJ. https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2020/04/03/dont-touch-the-t-zone-how-to-block-a-key-pathway-to-infection-with-sars-cov-2/

On-demand t-shirt printing is the best business you can have these days. With innovating business ideas and perfect marketing strategies, you can make your business successful in lesser time.

Today designers can build their careers easily in the graphics design field if they follow proper path and focus. There are many graphics designing companies and websites that hire graphic designers as remote or inhouse to work for them.

Based on examples given in https://github.com/Microsoft/TypeScript/issues/29049

Specific link: http://www.typescriptlang.org/play/#code/LAKAZgrgdgxgLgSwPZQARigRgDwBVUCmAHnAVACYDOqlcATglAOYB8AFEQFyq4CU3+AN6hUqOgTgQ6aAEQALAgBtFSVAHckdReQCEM1AHoDAQ2q4A3KAC+oOAE8ADgVQBleseaoAvKnkIZoDAotDT0jEzcbnQeTN6+cv6BwUiKBAB0KkxsGJhstAzMvLygoJCwiCjoUABMeIQkZFSoABK4ALIAMgCiqQC2ZHDsSABGAFYC-DyowiCi4pLSqFAEai3tHQAiCMaZPQT9UHBsRaimPJYgNiCl0PDIaBgAzHXEpBTUw0gpBB5DYwJxMA7SgEXjTaw3cr3KoAFheDXeqE+31+bBG4x4kyEIkMBnmUjQ6Jx+MWQMUIIhIHsTh4dAgBFwjmcPno9IuQSgIWRilwdIIAj5jJpLL57OSqQySCyGBhbG5vPpRRKIDIEF6qC64NmolQAA0ADSoACahoAWtYgA

and: http://www.typescriptlang.org/play/#code/LAKAZgrgdgxgLgSwPZQARigRgDwBVUCmAHnAVACYDOqlcATglAOYB8AFEQFyq4CU3+AN6hUqOgTgQ6aAEQALAgBtFSVAHckdReQCEM1AHoDAQ2q4A3KAC+oOAE8ADgVQBleseaoAvKnnH9AD6+csbKSDKgMCi0NO7M3G50Hkzewf6R0UiKBAB0KkxsGJhstEnMvLygoJCwiCjoUABMeIQkZFSoABK4ALIAMgCi2QC2ZHDsSABGAFYC-DyowiCi4pLSqFAEal29fQAiCKFITEMEo1BwbBWopjyWIDYg1dDwyGgYAMwtxKQU1JNILIEDwTGYCVJgUKUAi8RbWZ61N4NAAs3zaf1QAKBILYU1mPHmQhEhgMqykaDxxLJ60himh8JA9icPDoEAIuEczh89DZ9yiUBiWMUuFZBAEoo5zO5or5mWyeWOhSgyLYQpFbIqVRAZAgw1QAzhy1EqAAGgAaVAATQtAC1rEA

So, Locke is trying to establish somewhat of a hierarchy of language based in clarity. Names of simple substances are closest to the Truth of the substance. "Philosophical" words are furthest from Truth because what the concepts/things they represent are most difficult to nail down. I wonder, then, if we can translate this to exploring the human--do we have a hierarchy of understanding? Or a hierarchy of Truest representation?

While Locke seems to favor the capital T Truth, he here says that nobody is the authority on it.

"Certain and undoubted" brings to mind the classical sense of logos, where it's meaning isn't logic or reasoning (as we tend to think of it now) but is more about the commonly accepted truth. It's a truth that people believe--but that doesn't make it correct. Locke undoubtedly is not intending this meaning but is instead calling for an objective Truth.

Objective knowledge of Truth

Incomplete or inaccurate according to whom? Some objective Truth?

Aaaand there we have it, the rejection of relativism that was also in Locke. "Come, John! There is one Truth and we must seek it out!"

The belief in capital T truth strikes again. For the Greeks, search for Truth was under the purview of the philosophers; here, it's sought by practitioners of science. Interesting parallels between scientists and philosophers.

When there's no Truth (in subjective situations), rhetoric comes to the rescue.

Interesting that there's this call for "proof," some form of evidence, something tangible that we can point to. Such a desire feels very objective, as though there's some Truth this proof will point to. What would such proofs be?

Improve practices for scheduling that take into account workers needs

Assessment and implementation of protective measures for long commutes particularly those linked to long hours of work to avoid safety risks

Adoption of mechanisms like the "Fair Share Agreement" in B.C. or similar to get funds for improving infrastructure in municipalities and regions.

Improve the need of affordable housing in host, hub and source communities

Improve information for LDLC workers about travel; assess the existing gaps to protect workers during their work related travel and develop or improve the tools for their protection

Improve information for LDLC workers about their rights related to OH&S and WC

Develop or strengthen statistical information of new industry developments, ups and downs of existing industries.

Implement a timely response of welfare support linked to slow-downs of industries that involve numerous workers in given communities

Assess the prevalence and incidence of mental health issues and addictions and establish sufficient services for caring and prevention. This phenomena affect workers, their families and communities.

Improve medical care infrastructure and inter-provincial agreements to be able to cover LC-LD workers and their families in source, host and hub communities in a timely manner. the improvement of such services should be flexible enough to adapt to the ups and downs of the predominant industries.

Improve environmental assessments in the planning stages of industrial and housing developments in source, host and hub communities

Establishment of bodies and paths for community participation in the development of new industrial activities and the assessments of their needs imposed by the labour market linked to the industry and its ups and downs.

Anticipation through planning of community needs due to new developments and ups and downs of predominant industries for example mining.