Weak sequencing reduces to a parallel merge when the operands are on different sets of participants. Weak sequencing reduces to strict sequencing when the operands work on the same participant.

I recommend using the term “parallel” when the simultaneous execution is assured or expected, and to use the term “concurrent” when it is uncertain or irrelevant if simultaneous execution will be employed.

Concurrency is about dealing with lots of things at once. Parallelism is about doing lots of things at once.

A system is said to be concurrent if it can support two or more actions in progress at the same time. A system is said to be parallel if it can support two or more actions executing simultaneously.

Parallelism means that an application splits its tasks up into smaller subtasks which can be processed in parallel, for instance on multiple CPUs at the exact same time.

Concurrency means executing multiple tasks at the same time but not necessarily simultaneously.

It partitions optimizer state, gradients and parameters across multiple data parallel processes via a dynamic communication schedule to minimize the communication volume.

Asynchronous parallel (ASP): Every GPU worker processes the data asynchronously, no waiting or stalling. However, it can easily lead to stale weights being used and thus lower the statistical learning efficiency. Even though it increases the computation time, it may not speed up training time to convergence.

Bulk synchronous parallels (BSP): Workers sync data at the end of every minibatch. It prevents model weights staleness and good learning efficiency but each machine has to halt and wait for others to send gradients.

parallelise development across multiple teams

Rather than implement features you might need, you implement only the features you definitely need, but in a way that accommodates change. If you don't have this flexibility, parallel development simply isn't possible.

At the core of parallel development, however, is the notion of flexibility. You have to write your code in such a way that you can incorporate newly discovered requirements into the existing code as painlessly as possible.

The problem with using a custom syntax like {#slot} is that we lose the parallel that already exists with native (custom elements) <slot />, and where slot="name", like Svelte currently, also has to be assigned to an element (e.g. <div slot="name">).

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convenient & proper part of the State for the University of Virginia.

pipelines

Architects continue to be fascinated with finding and describing parallels between symbolic structures and architectural forms.

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