Cartesian
cartesian thinking views the mind as being seperate from the physical body.
replicating an experience is not the same as replicating an exact depiction
Cartesian
cartesian thinking views the mind as being seperate from the physical body.
replicating an experience is not the same as replicating an exact depiction
Inthis world, stars hang in the sky but do not shine; lamps hang from ceilingsbut do not glow . The light is like a messenger that deli vers stars and lampsto the doors of your perception, but magically vanishes at the moment youlet them in
defining in terms of the negative space?
seems to emphasize the importance of context when it comes to perception
Despiteappearances, tunicates are more closely related to us than any other invertebrate — they are ourstrange, spineless cousins
The things we chose to focus on (appearances, species, habits, etc) in order to differentiate "us from them" are not that significant, we are all much more connected and similar than e realize.
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The sensors are not only networks of analysis, detection, and responses to environmental events but are ways of describing environments and bringing them into being as sociopolitical worlds that reflect the differing ways of experiencing and navigating planetary zones.
While structural injustice and inequality do impede autonomy by fostering force and fraud, oppression and exploitation, these structural conditions also undermine autonomous self-recognition by impeding the psycho-social development integral to fulfilling the capability to be an autonomous self and agent. This is one convergence of symbiotic theorizing and the recognitional practice of autonomy. Through symbiotic practices, the assistance or “affordances” of the material and social worlds can be drawn on to actualize the inherent potential for autonomous action that resides in each human being.[16]
!- key insight : autonomy and symbiosis
What is abrogated here is our right to the future tense, which is the essence of free will, the idea that I can project myself into the future and thus make it a meaningful aspect of my present. This is the essence of autonomy and human agency. Surveillance capitalism’s “means of behavioral modification” at scale erodes democracy from within because, without autonomy in action and in thought, we have little capacity for the moral judgment and critical thinking necessary for a democratic society.
!- surveillance capitalism : key insight -mass behavioral modification takes away autonomy
Susan B. Anthony,
It is important to know that Susan was one of the people who was for women’s right to vote
our plan was not thought through in context of the time needed, our industrial capacity, and our ability to supply the raw materials needed. 00:09:04 And so a new plan is needed and a new paradigm is needed.
!- key claim : our current plan was not well thought through and we need a new plan
I have DNS settings in my hosts file that are what resolve the visits to localhost, but also preserve the subdomain in the request (this latter point is important because Rails path helpers care which subdomain is being requested)
This is an effective, dynamic stand-in for a fixed secret.
run-time dynamicness vs. hard-coded values hard-coded values = fixed secret
From the Introduction to Ed25519, there are some speed benefits, and some security benefits. One of the more interesting security benefits is that it is immune to several side channel attacks: No secret array indices. The software never reads or writes data from secret addresses in RAM; the pattern of addresses is completely predictable. The software is therefore immune to cache-timing attacks, hyperthreading attacks, and other side-channel attacks that rely on leakage of addresses through the CPU cache. No secret branch conditions. The software never performs conditional branches based on secret data; the pattern of jumps is completely predictable. The software is therefore immune to side-channel attacks that rely on leakage of information through the branch-prediction unit. For comparison, there have been several real-world cache-timing attacks demonstrated on various algorithms. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Timing_attack
Further arguments that Ed25519 is less vulnerable to - cache-timing attacks - hyperthreading attacks - other side-channel attacks that rely on leakage of addresses through CPU cache Also boasts - no secret branch conditions (no conditional branches based on secret data since pattern of jumps is predictable)
Predicable because underlying process that generated it isn't a black box?
Could ML (esp. NN, and CNN) be a parallel? Powerful in applications but huge risk given uncertainty of underlying mechanism?
Need to read papers on this
More "sales pitch" comes from this IETF draft: While the NIST curves are advertised as being chosen verifiably at random, there is no explanation for the seeds used to generate them. In contrast, the process used to pick these curves is fully documented and rigid enough so that independent verification has been done. This is widely seen as a security advantage, since it prevents the generating party from maliciously manipulating the parameters. – ATo Aug 21, 2016 at 7:25
An argument why Ed25519 signature alg & Curve 25519 key exchange alg is more secure; less vulnerable to side attacks since the process that generates is have been purportedly verified and extensively documented.
US : broiler exports as a % of total production : 1.5% to 15%+
what is the same ratio for India / China
facilitate conflict resolution, improve decision-making, and sharpen patient and family assessment skills.
IMPORTANT
skills can impact how you perceive yourself and others, communicate with others, cope with change and challenge, and create a culture of safety and collaboration is vital to nursing practice and leadership
IMPORTANT
that is the key difference
If akey is lost, this invariably means that the secureddata asset is irrevocably lost
Counterpart, be careful! If a key is lost, the secured data asset is lost
Theowner of a resource is by definition the one hold-ing the private encryption keys.
definition of "owner of a resource"
都是可以根据 RoutingKey 把消息路由到不同的队列
direct模式下,同一个routingkey可以绑定不同的queue,这样路由器可以分别发送同样的消息到相应的两个queue中
4.5 Getting the right people in the right roles in support of your goal is the key to succeeding at whatever you choose to accomplish.
4.5 Getting the right people in the right roles in support of your goal is the key to succeeding at whatever you choose to accomplish.
At the time I wasa a web designer with a focus on usability and user interfaces. I executed Json's design direction for key features of the app and collaborated with him to fill in details of the concept.
The difference between a non- lateral and a lateral join lies in whether you can look to the left hand table's row.
Kernel is already defined by Ruby so the module cannot be autoloaded. Also, that file does not define a constant path after the path name. Therefore, Zeitwerk should not process it at all.
Every element of config.autoload_paths should represent the top-level namespace (Object).
The core benefit of Marginalia is being able to decorate SQL queries with details of the context of the source of the query.
The Hori key enters a Hori lock in such a way as to affirm your suspicion that every key you’ve ever inserted into every lock throughout your entire life was a sham. A false combination — jittery, sticky, imprecise. You realize how badly cut, forged by shoddy means, all the keys you own currently are. Using this Hori key and lock combination is similar to how you might have felt the first time you ever touched a masterfully finished piece of wood — shock at that glassy smoothness you didn’t think could be brought out from the material. The key enters. Within perfectly milled chambers, the driver pins — attenuated by precisely tensioned springs — push against the key pins as the key slides forward in the keyway. The driver pins align to a dead-straight shear line and you feel the key settle with a satisfaction of a meticulously-measured thing spooning its Platonic opposite. Then you twist. The movement of the bolt away from the frame is so smooth — the door having been hung by some god of carpentry with the accuracy of a proton collision path — that you gasp, actually gasp, at the mechanism.
I love the visceral way Craig Mod describes these Hori key/lock mechanisms. Makes me want to go out and buy one.
9.2. Describe general cell signaling strategies and explore the different types of cell surface receptors and singling molecules.
9.2 Key Concepts
Chemical Signaling: * Intracellular vs. Intercellular * types of chemical signaling
Receptors: * internal vs. surface-cell * categories of surface-cell receptors
Ligand Molecules: * hydrophobic * water-soluble * nitric oxide (NO)
Work Cited
Hinic-Frlog, S., Hanley, J. and Laughton, S. (2020). Introductory Animal Physiology. Missausgua, CA: Pressbooks.
The remaining problem should be how to declare Ruby-define methods to be 'non-block taking'. Under the current language spec, absence of '& argument' may or may not mean the method would take a block.
No. 1 resource you have inherent in a professor is the latent cognitive capacity to instruct, mentor, and produce original ideas, and that we should take that resource very seriously
Family child care (FCC) refers to regulated (licensed, certified, or registered) HBCC. Family, friend, and neighbor (FFN) care refers to HBCC that is legally exempt from licensing or other regulation, whether paid or unpaid. FFN care includes care given by grandparents, other relatives, and non-relatives. Home-based child care (HBCC) providers are a heterogeneous population of providers who offer care and education to children in their own or the child’s home. (Although we use “HBCC” throughout the report, we recognize the role providers play both caring for and educating children.) Providers’ HBCC status is fluid, and individuals’ roles may change—those who care for a few children who are related to them, whether with or without pay; those who offer care as a professional occupation and a business; those who care for children over many years; and those who care for children sporadically in response to changing family needs. We assume a variety of factors influence these patterns, which may shift over time.
Essential knowledge for SECURE lab
HBCC is the most common form of nonparental child care for infants and toddlers
Notice the particular importance of HBCC for infants and toddlers (i.e., approximately birth to age three years).
HBCC includes regulated (licensed, certified, registered) family child care (FCC) and care legally exempt from regulation (license-exempt) that is provided by family, friends, or neighbors (FFN).
these are KEY TERMS for our project - learn these terms and acronyms: FCC and FFN are part of HBCC
You have to be doing 80% of the hard work, which means making the conscious effort to avoid the design flaws that will exclude people from using your product
The difference is what the server expects the client to do next.
Mabry says if you own a Hyundia or Kia, you better add extra security so you don't become the next target.
Apparently, there is an issue with key fob security on 2020 Kia Sportage and Hyundai models.
Also, Columbus Police and 10TV don't know how to spell Hyundai or use spell check.
only about 1% of carbon atoms are C-13. These are the only ones picked up by this form of NMR. If you had a single molecule of ethanol, then the chances are only about 1 in 50 of there being one C-13 atom in it, and only about 1 in 10,000 of both being C-13. But you have got to remember that you will be working with a sample containing huge numbers of molecules. The instrument can pick up the magnetic effect of the C-13 nuclei in the carbon of the CH3 group and the carbon of the CH2 group even if they are in separate molecules. There's no need for them to be in the same one.
the author believe that even though the percentage of C-13 is low, but its NMR signal can be captured.
violencia de género
«Todo acto de violencia sexista que tiene como resultado posible o real un daño físico, sexual o psíquico, incluidas las amenazas, la coerción o la privación arbitraria de libertad, ya sea que ocurra en la vida pública o en la privada».
Esa “formación” del hombre, que lo conduce a una estructura de la personalidad de tipo psicopático
No existe un perfil único de maltratador. Tampoco se trata de hombres agresivos ni de psicópatas. Nuestro estudio pone en cuestión los estereotipos relacionados hasta ahora con la conducta y los rasgos del maltratador, como puede ser el consumo de sustancias tóxicas y de alcohol, la vivencia de experiencias traumáticas en la edad infantil o los problemas psíquicos. En este último aspecto, los datos del patrón de personalidad de un grupo de maltratadores basados en el inventario clínico multiaxial Millon-II señalan a la compulsividad como rasgo más destacado de estas personas; no obstante, el percentil no supera el grado de normalidad, por lo que se descarta la posibilidad de una psicopatología.
The Query word can be interpreted as the word for which we are calculating Attention. The Key and Value word is the word to which we are paying attention ie. how relevant is that word to the Query word.
Finally
That's not how flatpack works; the executable is hidden in a container and you need to set up the whole environment to be able to call it. Delivering a well-isolated, not-to-be-run-from-outside environment is the whole point.
By connecting over an SSH tunnel, you’re limiting VNC access to machines that already have SSH access to the server.
People should also consider visiting a sleep medicine physician
lack of sleep is about lack of time.
flavored vaping products
Breathing in flavored nicotine product through a device. The device is... (need to look up)
**Need to find a good description of a vape product
Food and Drug Administration
Important term to understand - What do they do, are they part of the government, how do they regulate things?
This may be the sine qua non of rhetoric: theart of linguistically or symbolically creating salience.
Salience: importance
Weltanschauung
Weltanschauung: worldview. German.
medium thinking
Okay, so medium design/thinking is considering the backdrop against which one's subject matter is situated.
COMPLICITY
I have heard this term used a lot in the last four years. Even when I was unsure what the word precisely meant, I understood it to have negative connotations. OED defines complicity as, "the state of being involved with others in an illegal activity or wrongdoing." If Miller is using the term in this way than that's a pretty risky way to title his piece. It implies that the structure of academia is corrupted.
Matthews, D. (2021). Drowning in the literature? These smart software tools can help. Nature, 597(7874), 141–142. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-021-02346-4
People’s Covid Inquiry: Impact of covid on frontline staff and key workers—The BMJ. (n.d.). Retrieved September 1, 2021, from https://blogs.bmj.com/bmj/2021/08/27/peoples-covid-inquiry-impact-of-covid-on-frontline-staff-and-key-workers/?utm_campaign=shareaholic&utm_medium=twitter&utm_source=socialnetwork
So for each word, we create a Query vector, a Key vector, and a Value vector. These vectors are created by multiplying the embedding by three matrices that we trained during the training process.
I'm going to try provide an English text example. The following is based solely on my intuitive understanding of the paper 'Attention is all you need'.
This is also good
For the word q that your eyes see in the given sentence, what is the most related word k in the sentence to understand what q is about?
So basically: q = the vector representing a word K and V = your memory, thus all the words that have been generated before. Note that K and V can be the same (but don't have to). So what you do with attention is that you take your current query (word in most cases) and look in your memory for similar keys. To come up with a distribution of relevant words, the softmax function is then used.
paradigmatic
I was not sure what this term meant in this context. After looking the term up on google, the definition that seems to fit is the denotation of the relationship between a set of linguistic items that form mutually exclusive choices in particular syntactic roles.
It means that when having a type guard:TypeScript and JavaScript runtime are tied to the same behaviour.
You can't just move 'side-ways' between unrelated types; you need to move either up or down the lattice.
Isolation ensures that concurrent execution of transactions leaves the database in the same state that would have been obtained if the transactions were executed sequentially
This is why for a recent Angular+Rails project we chose to use a testing stack from the backend technology’s ecosystem for e2e testing.
So, what problem is blockchain solving for identity if PII is not being stored on the ledger? The short answer is that blockchain provides a transparent, immutable, reliable and auditable way to address the seamless and secure exchange of cryptographic keys. To better understand this position, let us explore some foundational concepts.
What problem is blockchain solving in the SSI stack?
It is an immutable (often permissionless) and auditable way to address the seamless and secure exchange of cryptographic keys.
(load functions call handle directly, there's no intermediate network requests.)
When fetch runs on the server, the resulting response will be serialized and inlined into the rendered HTML. This allows the subsequent client-side load to access identical data immediately without an additional network request.
'set-cookie': response.headers.get('set-cookie')
plus authorization if it's not explicitly provided, to a fetch request that happens inside load to an internal endpoint
Moreover, “[r]elations of power are not in a position of exteriority with respect to other types of relationships (economic processes, knowledge relationships, sexual relations), but are immanent in the latter.” Such claims played some role in the rise of a mode of analysis that vastly expands the range of what can be treated as political.
power is everywhere; in every relationship; this is why the range of what is "political" is actually quite vast
responsibly deploy AI systems
the concentration is calculated based on the fraction of droplets that is empty (that is, the fraction that does not contain any target DNA).
first sighting: this file referenced by https://hyp.is/ZD-z8px8Eeue0ws8rEMsrw/gist.github.com/cowboyd/1642793
often in error
Personal and professional development will follow andultimately these very same characteristics and approaches will naturally transfer intopractice and in direct contact with young people
what we learn when becoming youth workers is transferable to our practice, reflective of the necessity of openness and transparency. when we learn the value of these skills, we can demonstrate their value to the young people, and continue the learning journey together
the better a student/youth worker knows himself/herself the more likely he/shewill be able to help others know themselves;
the quality of training and the development of skills will impact on the growth of the young person
the Activity component is the heart of TRB
ReconfigBehSci. (2021, February 8). RT @lakens: @BrianNosek @SLLancaster @siminevazire @hardsci Very cool—And it already has a list of glossaries to build on https://t.co/c9… [Tweet]. @SciBeh. https://twitter.com/SciBeh/status/1359042653539741696
exceptions are not exceptional, they represent expectable problems
for term in vt100 linux screen xterm { echo "$term:" infocmp -L1 $term|egrep 'key_(left|right|up|down|home|end)' }
Coronavirus doctor’s diary: Karen caught Covid - and took it home. (2021, January 16). BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/stories-55682405
That's the whole point of an abstraction layer—to isolate your business logic from a subsystem's mechanics
So the hard and unsolvable problem becomes: how up-to-date do you really need to be?
After considering the value we place, and the tradeoffs we make, when it comes to knowing anything of significance, I think it becomes much easier to understand why cache invalidation is one of the hard problems in computer science
the crux of the problem is: trade-offs
The key phrase here is “children of a grid container.” The specification defines the creation of a grid on the parent element, which child items can be positioned into. It doesn’t define any styling of that grid, not even going as far as to implement something like the column-rule property we have in Multi-column Layout. We style the child items, and not the grid itself, which leaves us needing to have an element of some sort to apply that style to.
The Black Panther Party chose the name because the panther is known to be an animal that never makes an unprovoked attack, but will defend itself vehemently when attacked, and this was symbolic of what the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense stood for
black unity and black autonomy were at the core of its platform and program
Making literal grids. Like X columns with Y gap between them homegrown framework stuff. grid-gap is wonderful, as gutters are the main pain point of grid systems.
The alternative is uncontrolled components, where form data is handled by the DOM itself.
Alice and Bob can then use a key-derivation function that includes K, K_A, and K_B to derive a symmetric key.
public keys included in key derivation.
value
Universal Grammar (
The theoretical or hypothetical system of categories, operations, and principles shared by all human languages and considered to be innate, as defined by Chomsky.
syntact
regarding the formation of sentences
awk '{print $2}' /etc/ssh/ssh_host_ed25519_key.pub | base64 -d | sha256sum -b | sed 's/ .*$//' | xxd -r -p | base64 | sed 's/.//44g' | awk '{print "SHA256:"$1}'
Assignments to $-prefixed variables require that the variable be a writable store, and will result in a call to the store's .set method.
const useEffect = (subscribe) => ({ subscribe })
Key learnings from this guideYour goal is not to foster the writing habit. Your goal is to fall so in love with ideas that you can’t not write about them. Find your objective and your motivation.Don't fully think through your ideas before writing. It's inefficient. The best way to think is by writing. It compels your brain to connect the dots.Avoid guessing what readers want. Instead, be a proxy: Selfishly entertain and surprise yourself, and you'll entertain and surprise many of them too.Your writing is clear once your thoughts are self-evident.Your writing is succinct once everything unimportant is removed.Your writing is intriguing once the average reader effortlessly makes it to the end. A hook, peak, and satisfying ending are your trifecta of intrigue.Treat feedback as a science. Measure your scores and iterate. Remember that the best feedback often comes from you with fresh eyes.Rewriting your thoughts to be clear, succinct, and intriguing is a lot of work. You won't love writing until you find a way to love rewriting. Make a game out of it.
ound bite,
Sound bite
exec(params) do load path end
So the command being wrapper must be a Ruby file, because this will use load to load its source into the interpreter (rather than executing it in a shell (we're already in a shell)).
The index.js file is the main entry point and imports and exports everything from internal.js that you want to expose to the outside world.
The internal.js module both imports and exports everything from every local module in the project
Every other module in the project only imports from the internal.js file, and never directly from other files in the project.
The crux of this pattern is to introduce an index.js and internal.js file.
But it’s really hard to see, because our human brains struggle to think about this Clock function as something for generating discrete snapshots of a clock, instead of representing a persistent thing that changes over time.
The readable store takes a function as a second argument which has its own internal set method, allowing us to wrap any api, like Xstate or Redux that has its own built in subscription model but with a slightly different api.
Question: 246 years of disorentation. what is the startsof this disorentation?
marking.
"Whenever a person delineates a cultural boundary around a particular cultural space in human time"
Afrocentricity becomes a revolutionary idea because it studies ideas, concepts, events, personalities, and political and economic processes from a standpoint of black people as subjects and not as objects, basing all knowledge on the authentic interrogation of location.
Basically afrocen. Amer. history in the black POV
Most simple example: <script> import ChildComponent from './Child.svelte'; </script> <style> .class-to-add { background-color: tomato; } </style> <ChildComponent class="class-to-add" /> ...compiles to CSS without the class-to-add declaration, as svelte currently does not recognize the class name as being used. I'd expect class-to-add is bundled with all nested style declarations class-to-add is passed to ChildComponent as class-to-add svelte-HASH This looks like a bug / missing feature to me.
The problem with working around the current limitations of Svelte style (:global, svelte:head, external styles or various wild card selectors) is that the API is uglier, bigger, harder to explain AND it loses one of the best features of Svelte IMO - contextual style encapsulation. I can understand that CSS classes are a bit uncontrollable, but this type of blocking will just push developers to work around it and create worse solutions.
This property makes the element so that it no longer seems to exist.
Reactive statements run immediately before the component updates, whenever the values that they depend on have changed.
Bhattarai, A. (n.d.). Grocery workers say morale is at an all-time low: ‘They don’t even treat us like humans anymore’. Washington Post. Retrieved 14 August 2020, from https://www.washingtonpost.com/business/2020/08/12/grocery-workers-coronavirus/
Now, when the user interacts with the keypad, the value of pin in the parent component is immediately updated.
bind a value to a prop
Who needs a cookie consent banner? Any site or app running non-exempt cookies or scripts that could either:
have EU based users (i.e any website running cookies that isn’t actively blocking EU based users);
Even so, the inline function is still created on every render, useCallback() just skips it.
There is a simple mathematical relationship between the fraction of droplets that are unoccupied (black bar) and the concentration of target molecules.
Some droplets are lost in transfer steps and others are eliminated by the stringent metrics applied by QuantaSoft Software as the droplets pass through the Droplet Reader, resulting ultimately in data from 12,000–16,000 droplets being used in subsequent concentration calculations
prevent its disclosure to any person not authorized to create the subscriber's digital signature
So the signature can be used by another entity to create the digital signature if authorized beforehand.
So if there is a statement that "I authorize [organization] to create a cryptographic key-pair on my behalf, and create the digital signature."
compressed public keypk2={bi t,(t1,t2,t3)∈(Z2e2)3,A∈Fp2,ent_bi t,r∈Z256}
Partitioning the sample into small containers results in a statistical distribu-tion of targets
purifying the target of interest from interfering compounds.
Im, H., & Chen, C. (2020). Social Distancing Around the Globe: Cultural Correlates of Reduced Mobility [Preprint]. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/b2s37
COVID-19 is a threat to waste pickers. Here’s how to help them. (n.d.). World Economic Forum. Retrieved June 29, 2020, from https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/06/covid19-is-a-threat-to-waste-pickers-heres-how-to-help-them/
The bug won’t be fixed today…and by next week, I’ll have forgotten about it - but some time in the future, before our software “goes gold” and gets shipped out to the public - we’ll search through the entire million lines of software for the word “FIXME” - which is unlikely to appear in any other context BECAUSE it’s not a real word!
BECAUSE it’s not a real word
The necessity ofskRbeing secure for sender authentication is due to HPKEbeing vulnerable to key-compromise impersonation.
In cryptography, deniable authentication refers to message authentication between a set of participants where the participants themselves can be confident in the authenticity of the messages, but it cannot be proved to a third party after the event.
inhibiting both full-length AR andAR splice variants lacking LBD.
inhibit both FL and ARv7
export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1 export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="$DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR/client"
if [ -z "${DOCKER_HOST:-}" ]; then if _should_tls || [ -n "${DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY:-}" ]; then export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://docker:2376' else export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://docker:2375' fi fi
if [ -n "${DOCKER_HOST:-}" ] && _should_tls; then export DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY=1 export DOCKER_CERT_PATH="$DOCKER_TLS_CERTDIR/client" fi
if [ -z "${DOCKER_HOST:-}" ] && [ ! -S /var/run/docker.sock ]; then if _should_tls || [ -n "${DOCKER_TLS_VERIFY:-}" ]; then export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://docker:2376' else export DOCKER_HOST='tcp://docker:2375' fi fi
Kale, S. (2020, May 26). “People were like animals!” How supermarket staff watched the coronavirus crisis unfold. The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2020/may/26/people-were-like-animals-how-supermarket-staff-watched-coronavirus-crisis-unfold
(Thus, for these curves, the cofactor is always h = 1.)
This means there is no need to check if the point is in the correct subgroup.
It may be the case that several sufficient conditions, when taken together, constitute a single necessary condition (i.e., individually sufficient and jointly necessary)
Its purpose is to decrease the reliance on privacy policies and enhance the ability for people to share and control personal information.
It’s useful to remember that under GDPR regulations consent is not the ONLY reason that an organization can process user data; it is only one of the “Lawful Bases”, therefore companies can apply other lawful (within the scope of GDPR) bases for data processing activity. However, there will always be data processing activities where consent is the only or best option.
I believe that beginning to distribute tools that patch Firefox and give back power to users and allow them to install unsigned extensions is necessary when an organization is taking away our rights without giving us a compelling reason for doing so.
I know, you don't trust Mozilla but do you also not trust the developer? I absolutely do! That is the whole point of this discussion. Mozilla doesn't trust S3.Translator or jeremiahlee but I do. They blocked page-translator for pedantic reasons. Which is why I want the option to override their decision to specifically install few extensions that I'm okay with.
The fact that you can use single character keys without modifiers to invoke functions such as Comment Mode (C) is an example of a violation of a violation of the WCAG 2.1 Success Criterion, 2.1.4 Character Key Shortcuts.
Thus isomorphic structures cannot be distinguished from the point of view of structure only, and may be identified.
A language that features polymorphism allows developers to program in the general rather than program in the specific. $(document).ready(function() { recordAdModuleData(2964, "impressions","Dictionary Ad"); });
Password reuse is normal. It's extremely risky, but it's so common because it's easy and people aren't aware of the potential impact.
So there's a lot of stuff getting hacked and a lot of credentials floating around the place, but then what? I mean what do evil-minded people do with all those email addresses and passwords? Among other things, they attempt to break into accounts on totally unrelated websites
Want to keep your users? Just make it easy for them to leave.
Our eyes decide our focus of attention and therefore our thoughts and our cognitive load.
Designers using these curves should be aware that for each public key, there are several publicly computable public keys that are equivalent to it, i.e., they produce the same shared secrets. Thus using a public key as an identifier and knowledge of a shared secret as proof of ownership (without including the public keys in the key derivation) might lead to subtle vulnerabilities.
Protocol designers using Diffie-Hellman over the curves defined in this document must not assume "contributory behaviour". Specially, contributory behaviour means that both parties' private keys contribute to the resulting shared key. Since curve25519 and curve448 have cofactors of 8 and 4 (respectively), an input point of small order will eliminate any contribution from the other party's private key. This situation can be detected by checking for the all- zero output, which implementations MAY do, as specified in Section 6. However, a large number of existing implementations do not do this.
The check for the all-zero value results from the fact that the X25519 function produces that value if it operates on an input corresponding to a point with small order, where the order divides the cofactor of the curve (see Section 7).
Both MAY check, without leaking extra information about the value of K, whether K is the all-zero value and abort if so (see below).
n
n is the order of the subgroup and n is prime
an ECC key-establishment scheme requires the use of public keys that are affine elliptic-curve points chosen from a specific cyclic subgroup with prime order n
n is the order of the subgroup and n is prime
5.6.2.3.3ECC Full Public-Key Validation Routine
The recipient performs a successful full public-key validation of the received public key (see Sections 5.6.2.3.1for FFCdomain parameters andSection5.6.2.3.3for ECCdomain parameters).
Assurance of public-key validity –assurance that the public key of the other party (i.e., the claimed owner of the public key) has the (unique) correct representation for a non-identity element of the correct cryptographic subgroup, as determined by the
outside the subgroup
5.6.2.3.2ECC Full Public-Key Validation Routine
The recipient performs a successful full public-key validation of the received public key (see Sections 5.6.2.3.1 and 5.6.2.3.2).
Assurance of public-key validity – assurance that the public key of the other party (i.e., the claimed owner of the public key) has the (unique) correct representation for a non-identity element of the correct cryptographic subgroup, as determined by the domain parameters (see Sections 5.6.2.2.1 and 5.6.2.2.2). This assurance is required for both static and ephemeral public keys.
Misusing public keys as secrets: It might be tempting to use a pattern with a pre-message public key and assume that a successful handshake implies the other party's knowledge of the public key. Unfortunately, this is not the case, since setting public keys to invalid values might cause predictable DH output. For example, a Noise_NK_25519 initiator might send an invalid ephemeral public key to cause a known DH output of all zeros, despite not knowing the responder's static public key. If the parties want to authenticate with a shared secret, it should be used as a PSK.
Channel binding: Depending on the DH functions, it might be possible for a malicious party to engage in multiple sessions that derive the same shared secret key by setting public keys to invalid values that cause predictable DH output (as in the previous bullet). It might also be possible to set public keys to equivalent values that cause the same DH output for different inputs. This is why a higher-level protocol should use the handshake hash (h) for a unique channel binding, instead of ck, as explained in Section 11.2.
The public_key either encodes some value which is a generator in a large prime-order group (which value may have multiple equivalent encodings), or is an invalid value. Implementations must handle invalid public keys either by returning some output which is purely a function of the public key and does not depend on the private key, or by signaling an error to the caller. The DH function may define more specific rules for handling invalid values.
WireGuard excludes zero Diffie-Hellman shared secrets to avoid points of small order, while Noiserecommends not to perform this check
This check strikes a delicate balance: It checks Y sufficiently to prevent forgery of a (Y, Y^x) pair without knowledge of X, but the rejected values for X are unlikely to be hit by an attacker flipping ciphertext bits in the least-significant portion of X. Stricter checking could easily *WEAKEN* security, e.g. the NIST-mandated subgroup check would provide an oracle on whether a tampered X was square or nonsquare.
X25519 is very close to this ideal, with the exception that public keys have easily-computed equivalent values. (Preventing equivalent values would require a different and more costly check. Instead, protocols should "bind" the exact public keys by MAC'ing them or hashing them into the session key.)
Curve25519 key generation uses scalar multiplication with a private key "clamped" so that it will always produce a valid public key, regardless of RNG behavior.
* Valid points have equivalent "invalid" representations, due to the cofactor, masking of the high bit, and (in a few cases) unreduced coordinates.
With all the talk of "validation", the reader of JP's essay is likely to think this check is equivalent to "full validation" (e.g. [SP80056A]), where only valid public keys are accepted (i.e. public keys which uniquely encode a generator of the correct subgroup).
(1) The proposed check has the goal of blacklisting a few input values. It's nowhere near full validation, does not match existing standards for ECDH input validation, and is not even applied to the input.
If Alice generates all-zero prekeys and identity key, and pushes them to the Signal’s servers, then all the peers who initiate a new session with Alice will encrypt their first message with the same key, derived from all-zero shared secrets—essentially, the first message will be in the clear for an eavesdropper.
arguing that a zero check “adds complexity (const-time code, error-handling, and implementation variance), and is not needed in good protocols.”
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One of the more clever aspects of the agent is how it can verify a user's identity (or more precisely, possession of a private key) without revealing that private key to anybody.