There was some collaborative outreach, but AMP is really a Google-driven spec without significant outside input.

See also: http://ampletter.org/

"With AMP Stories, which is now in beta, publishers can combine the speed of AMP with the rich, immersive storytelling of the open web."

Is this sentence's structure explicitly saying that AMP is not "open web"?!

Companies that try to make the same standards across their organization, will cause their people to get bogged down in trying to to make the standards fit their job function. This causes to many constraints and will lower project performance.

https://www.nextgenscience.org/pe/hs-ls2-7-ecosystems-interactions-energy-and-dynamics

HS-LS2-7 Ecosystems: Interactions, Energy, and Dynamics

This paper investigates a means to optimize carbon storage potential through knowledge of biodiversity mechanics and the idea of sinking carbon into plant life in order to lower atmospheric CO2.

https://www.nextgenscience.org/pe/ms-ls1-7-molecules-organisms-structures-and-processes

MS-LS1-7 From Molecules to Organisms: Structures and Processes

It is important to understand the nature of the carbon cycle, and how carbon is utilized within organisms as biomass.

Teacher's Resource:

The removal of atmospheric CO2 reduces pollution, but it comes at the cost of creating plant conservation sites to store the carbon from CO2.

This paper focuses upon the utilization of biodiversity in order to to increase carbon storage for economic purposes. By increasing the amount of carbon that can be stored in a hectacre of grassland, it will become much cheaper to reduce pollution via carbon sinks.

Hungate et. al performed their investigations through past experiments that compared the carbon uptakes of grasslands of varying biodiversity over a period of 50 years.

Findings support a positive correlation between biodiversity and carbon uptake levels. Therefore, increasing biodiversity in carbon sinks will increase efficiency and will make carbon sequestration more affordable as a result.

While this paper shows a 'soft cap' (decreasing marginal effects) on these carbon uptake gains from biodiversity, this effect might be proven to have synergy with other efforts to improve carbon sequestration in the future.

Discussion Questions:

1. Why does adding to the biodiversity not linearly add to the carbon uptake rates?

2. Is the resource competition (resulting from biodiversity) limiting or benefiting the flora in carbon sequestration?

3. What is the 'sweet spot' of biodiversity that optimizes highest carbon storage per dollar spent?

4. Do the results of this study have qualities that could be generalized to a other grasslands or possibly even other types of habitat? SC

Standards like CSS and HTML make it so that any web page will display in any browser.

The final list of candidate success criteria for WCAG 2.1, currently schedule for recommendation in June 2018.

important for reuse and reusability, among other things

tools and standards again

while I agree, can we substantiate this claim?

One line of code adds open, standards-based annotation to any website.

ISO/IEC Guide 2:2004, Standardization and related activities — General vocabulary, http://isotc.iso.org/livelink/livelink/Open/8389141, defines a standard as “a document, established by consensus that provides rules, guidelines or characteristics for activities or their results.

Michael Feldstein's brief history of the LMS and what NGDLE looks like from there.

Lots of technical detail on NGDLE from IMS leadership.

This may be a front group. Investigate, find additional sources, and leave research notes in the comments.

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Dated - replaced with "Every Student Succeeds".... and the demands of Common Core are new since this writing I believe.

Google is adding a Fact Check feature to Google Search and Google News. When fact checks are available from one or more approved publishers, they will appear in the search results.

One requirement for publishers to be cited is to use the schema.org ClaimReview markup, or the Share the Facts widget.

Dave Winer points out that interoperability of software is important. Don't shun an existing standard just because you think your way is better. If you hate using some standard technology, find or write a module to convert between the standard and your preferred format.

Aurelia's standards focus means our code stays relevant down the road.

By sticking close to standards, such as upcoming EcmaScript features, Aurelia code prepares for us for the future. It encourages writing code that will be relevant 2-5 years from now, or perhaps beyond.

Is there a list of standards for non-OA journals? Perhaps SSP has a publishing ethics checklist or somesuch?

And they will make a new edition every year until the end of eternity. If one will take the poker equivalent with Doyle Brunson, the problem with writing a book such as this is that you reveal all your secrets.

What Lemos might identify as norms?

Jon Udell and Mike Caulfield discuss web annotation and personal wikis as tools for fact-checking on the Internet.

is that the standard range for theta oscillations ? is there a standard range ?

I’ve found Canvas to be less draconian than I’d been led to expect. More broadly, the LMS ecosystem that’s emerged — based on a standard called Learning Tools Interoperability (LTI), now supported by all the LMS systems — led me to an insight about how the same approach could help unify the emerging ecosystem of annotation systems. Even more broadly, all this has prompted me to reflect on how the modern web platform is both more standardized and more balkanized than ever before.

...

The app I’ve written is a thin layer of glue between two components: Canvas and Hypothes.is. LTI defines how they interact, and I’d be lying if I said it was easy to figure out to get our app to launch inside Canvas and respond back to it. But I didn’t need to be an HTTP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, or Python wizard to get the job done.

I don't think there's really a way to assess a student's understanding of a subject. There's a difference between memorizing facts and actual understanding of information. For example, I received an A in my AP Bio class but don't remember anything about Biology. I think the best way to assess understanding is having the student use his/ her knowledge in real-life situations. I saw small attempts at doing this at my high school. They started to implement "common core" which tries to engage students in critical thinking in all subjects.

on the necessity of discovering virtue in literary work as a professional convention of our discipline.

This is a really interesting and useful passage for my first year lectures

On the role of professionalism in enforcing community standards:

[T]o be unprofessional is not simply to have violated some external rule or piece of decorum. It is to have ignored (and by ignoring flouted) the process by which the institution determines the conditions under which its rewards will be given or withheld. These conditions are nowhere written down, but they are understood by everyone who works in the field and, indeed, any understanding one might have of the field is inseparable from (because it will have been produced by) an awareness, often tacit, of these conditions

This is very applicable to scientific authorship

Convention is a way of acknowledging we are engaged in a community activity in which the value of one's work is directly related to the work that has been done by others.

Interesting riff on professionalism in this whole paragraph.

Interesting approach for hypothes.is to consider?

xkcd on standards

https://www.eff.org/document/library-congress-2015-dmca-1201-rules

https://www.eff.org/deeplinks/2013/10/lowering-your-standards

Another great line about the importance of open standards.

Helpful analogy for thinking about importance of open standards/interoperability.

Open standards written into recommendations.

KEY!

Wonder if something could be done with MIDI. Actually, maybe there are new standards to replace MIDI in those situations (OSC doesn’t sound like it’d fit).

Well… The World Wide Web Consortium is really about governing the Web, not the whole Internet. But we do tend to forget that there’s more to the Net than the Web.

Could see a lot of potential for Open Standards, including annotations. What’s not so clear is how they can manage to produce such ePub while maintaining their DRM-focused practice. Heard about LCP (Lightweight Content Protection). But have yet to get a fully-accessible ePub which is also DRMed in such a way.

This feedback process is key. The barrier to entry can be pretty high, but the effects may be felt widely.

Former Web Platform DevOps Renoir Boulanger had nice things to say about Kardell’s Chapters.io.

L’interopérabilité est essentielle à l’avènement du Web des données liées (en éducation comme ailleurs).

Among the most useful summaries I have found for Linked Data, generally, and in relationship to libraries, specifically. After first reading it, got to hear of the acronym LODLAM: “Linked Open Data for Libraries, Archives, and Museums”. Been finding uses for this tag, in no small part because it gets people to think about the connections between diverse knowledge-focused institutions, places where knowledge is constructed. Somewhat surprised academia, universities, colleges, institutes, or educational organisations like schools aren’t explicitly tied to those others. In fact, it’s quite remarkable that education tends to drive much development in #OpenData, as opposed to municipal or federal governments, for instance. But it’s still very interesting to think about Libraries and Museums as moving from a focus on (a Web of) documents to a focus on (a Web of) data.

The “social”, with an embedded emphasis on the data part of knowledge building and a nod to solidarity. Cloud computing does go well with collaboration and spelling out the difference can help lift some confusion.

Connects to AP Chemistry Learning Standard 6: Any bond or intermolecular attraction that can be formed can be broken. These two processes are in dynamic competition, sensitive to initial conditions and external perturbations.

Found on page 71 of the AP Chemistry Course and Exam Description:

http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-chemistry-course-and-exam-description.pdf

Connects to AP Chemistry Learning Standard:2.B

Forces of attraction between particles (including the noble gases and also different parts of some large molecules) are important in determining many macroscopic properties of a substance, including how the observable physical state changes with temperature

Found on page 27 of the AP Chemistry Course and Exam Description:

http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-chemistry-course-and-exam-description.pdf

Connects to AP Chemistry Learning Standard:2.A.3: Solutions are homogeneous mixtures in which the physical properties are dependent on the concentration of the solute and the strengths of all interactions among the particles of the solutes and solvent:

Found on page 25 of the AP Chemistry Course and Exam Description:

http://media.collegeboard.com/digitalServices/pdf/ap/ap-chemistry-course-and-exam-description.pdf

CCSS.ELA-LITERACY.RST.11-12.8

http://www.corestandards.org/ELA-Literacy/RST/11-12/

Whenever an observation is not fully understood, scientists try to analyze the issue from different angles. Here, the authors observed that the inhibition of dynein wasn't sufficient for inhibiting the viral uncoating completely. Therefore, they deduced that other factors were implicated with uncoating and decided to explore this possibility.

Connect to Learning Standards: http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13165&page=69

Progression for explanation. In a previous study, the authors observed that HDAC6 was required for viral infection. As a consequence, they continued to study the function of HDAC6 in deep detail.

http://www.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=13165&page=43

Science can contribute to meeting many of the major challenges that confront society today, such as preventing and treating disease.

"Hints"? That's the whole point. Participation is all there is. Do it.

open standards allow small players to enter the competition!

What is the sharing standard? What are the consequences of not sharing? What is the enforcement mechanism?

There are three primary sharing mechanisms I can think of today: email, usb stick, and dropbox (née ftp).

The dropbox option is supplanting ftp which comes from another era, but still satisfies an important niche for larger data sets and/or higher-volume or anonymous traffic.

Dropbox, email and usb are all easily accessible parts of the day-to-day consumer workflow; they are all trivial to set up without institutional support or, importantly, permission.

An email account is already provisioned by default for everyone or, if the institutional email offerings are not sufficient, a person may easily set up a 3rd-party email account with no permission or hassle.

Data management alternatives to these three options will have slow or no adoption until the barriers to access and use are as low as email; the cost of entry needs to be no more than *a web browser, an email address, and no special permission required".

Annotations are at the Web’s core.