Die französischen Wälder verliere die Fähigkeit CO2 zuabsorbieren, viermal schneller, als in den Planungen der Regierung angenommen. Diese Veränderungen sind folgende globalen Erhitzung. Sie gefährden die bisherigen Zielsetzungen Frankreichs zur CO2-Neutralität, weil der Wald bei weitem nicht in dem Ausmaß als Senke zur Verfügung steht, wie dort vorgesehen.

https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/la-foret-francaise-un-puits-de-carbone-bientot-a-sec-20230531_736OXSN6AZHDLF3GNTZELEKDGA/

• Comment
  • Mary Harrington believes it is hubris to believe we can escape our human nature.
  • I believe that cultural evolution is complex
    • We learn and change behavior over the course of even one life time

The case for healthy eco-systems is crucial

Rob 6-pillat strategy

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nUWlZ7yoQmc

Has a somewhat touchy-feely approach, but there are some interesting touchstones worth exploring here from a cultural perspective.

In Frankreich ist ein Komitee zur Anticipation von Trockenheiten im Ministerium für die ökologische transition zusammengekommen. Der zuständige Minister hat dabei die Situation im Departement Pyrénées Orientales als Vorzeichen dessen bezeichnet, was im ganzen Mittelmeerraum bevorsteht. Er Versuche, einen "Krieg um das Wasser" zu verhindern.https://www.liberation.fr/environnement/climat/secheresse-en-france-le-chaud-dans-linconnu-20230427_75BMFEACMNABDKKZZM7GWCRHAM/

the self-reliance of the soul as evidenced in nature.

Goats climbing dams whaaaat :D

• In Other Words...
• nature fights back

• Comment

• The lack of reverence for other living beings is evident in modernity's transactional view of nature.

• The word "natural resource" betrays modernity's objectification of nature.
• From this perspective, nature is for humans to exploit

• Comment
• Observation
  • it is known that warfare is a significant source of technological innovation
  • this can be explained by evolutionary biology
  • our instruct for survival is strongest in ( inter-species) conflict
  • such is the deep irony of human progress
  • now, in the Anthropocene, humanity is waging another war for survival, caused by our war against nature
• we can characterized this war as a war against past ignorance

reply to Share the ideas dancing in your ZK with us. February 17, 2023

Congratulations @Will on the milestone! @ctietze's analogy with smithwork is fantastic. I might also liken it to the point in acquiring a new language when one begins dreaming in their new target language. So many talk about the idea of increased productivity associated with having a zk, but most spend an inordinate amount of time on shiny object syndrome or over complicating it and never get to the point of quickly writing things out, filing them, and being able to trust that their system will just work™. When you no longer notice it anymore and it has become second nature is when the real fun (and magic) begins to happen. It also seems easier and more natural to break the "rules" once you've internalized the basics. We should spend more time talking about the value of 'zettelkasten fluency'.

I'm excited this week to be doing some work in areas of the history of misinformation, cultural myths, and 'American exceptionalism' in preparation for Dan Allosso's upcoming book club on Kruse and Zelizer's new edited book. I suspect he'll announce it shortly at https://danallosso.substack.com/ if folks are interested in joining in the discussion/sensemaking.

Kruse, Kevin M., and Julian E. Zelizer. Myth America: Historians Take On the Biggest Legends and Lies About Our Past. Basic Books, 2023.

How much of our creativity and authorial voice is based on our own experiences and material we've read, watched, listened to?

!- Comment : Bruce Jennings - Jennings addresses precisely these mechanisms in his essay "Entangling Humanism - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhumansandnature.org%2Fentangling-humanism%2F&group=world

!- Comment : similar aims to - This goal of shifting away from "individualism" to mutuality is also aligned with a number of other perspectives including: - Bruce Jennings - Entangling Humanism - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fhumansandnature.org%2Fentangling-humanism%2F&group=world - David Loy - https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2F1Gq4HhUIDDk%2F&group=world

!- Title : Entangling Humanism !- Author : Bruce Jennings !- Website : Humans and Nature - https://humansandnature.org/entangling-humanism/

Informed Ocean-based Carbon Dioxide Removal

Top 10 Risks, within 2 years * 10 years. Rob comments.

Soil our unexplored world beneath our feet

hydrology and water cycles to cool the planet. resources.

Five areas of nature-based solutions

Protect the whales and other biodiversity!

World coming together in major global collaboration to close ozone layer.

Hanf kann in der gleichen Zeit direkt so viel CO2 absorbieren wie Bäume und andere Pflanzen. Deshalb könnte er eine Schlüsselrolle in eine regenerativen Landwirtschaft haben. Um CO2 dauerhaft zu speichern, müssen aus den Pflanzen Baumaterialien und andere industrielle Rohstoffe hergestellt werden.

University of York and Biorenewables Development Centre

I believe the variable of lies and misinformation thriving in virality is based on the idea that negativity is more engaging and intriguing than positivity. When something stimulates a negative feeling such as fear or anxiety, people engage because they feel insecure whether it be relative to the condition of their environment or internal self-perception. For example, if you read something negative about the President, you care because you live in the United States and relate it to your own well-being. Further, if someone read negative articles about a person they envy, they may feel inclined to engage & share it because that person's success made them feel inferior. Unfortunately, negativity sells.

Unlutabak, B., & Velioglu, I. (2021). Examining Children’s Questions and Parents’ Responses about Covid-19 Pandemic in Turkey. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/v78c6

Nature Portfolio. (2021, October 15). A study in @NatureMedicine indicates that the effectiveness of the Pfizer/BioNTech and Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 infections with symptoms or high viral burden is reduced with the Delta variant compared to the Alpha variant. Https://go.nature.com/3vecpoj https://t.co/XQdnMYguFz [Tweet]. @NaturePortfolio. https://twitter.com/NaturePortfolio/status/1449145321188216836

nature. (2021, November 9). Protein-based vaccines—With their inexpensive production protocols and logistical advantages—Could help to narrow the immunization gap between rich and poor countries https://t.co/pLunUiQl3n [Tweet]. @Nature. https://twitter.com/Nature/status/1458009972214747136

Prof. Shane Crotty. (2021, October 19). 1/ The regular vaccines give great booster responses against Delta and other variants This was first shown by Moderna, with “original recipe” vaccine booster, compare to Beta booster. Https://nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01527-y https://t.co/g7YDwGIURP [Tweet]. @profshanecrotty. https://twitter.com/profshanecrotty/status/1450489709050744833

Eric Topol. (2021, October 27). 'The benefit of a third [booster] dose in reducing transmission is sizeable and increases with vaccine coverage and contact rates among individuals." https://medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2021.10.25.21265500v1 by @billygardner and @DiseaseEcology https://t.co/zAZcJgF1nJ [Tweet]. @EricTopol. https://twitter.com/EricTopol/status/1453153076165021696

Example: ant pheromone paths

Within ants, there can be a path left for others to follow, but what about natural paths in our environment that influence us to take them because of the idea of the "path of least resistence" or the effects of having paved cow paths.

Similarly being lead by "the company that you keep".

relathionship to research on hanging out with fat people tending to make one fatter.

Another link to Fanny Price who also enjoys seeing the seasons pass in the country

!- in other words : lifeworld and life conditions, constructed and discoverable reality * We construct our lifeworld with our umwelt * https://hyp.is/go?url=http%3A%2F%2Fdocdrop.org%2Fvideo%2FG_0jJfliUvQ%2F&group=world * Each human senses the environment in a way unique to our species * Our personal evolution as an individual also causes us to treat unique aspects of the environment with higher salience than other aspects, forming our unique salience landscape * Yet, structural coupling constrains us to the laws of behavior of the environment * Hence, there is always a constructed part of our experience of reality and a non-constructed, discoverable part consisting of repeatable patterns of nature, culturally consolidated in human laws of nature

.

bash $ curl -H 'Accept: application/ld+json' 'https://scigraph.springernature.com/pub.10.1007/978-0-387-89976-3_10' { "@context": "https://springernature.github.io/scigraph/jsonld/sgcontext.json", "about": [ { "id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/08", "inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/", "name": "Information and Computing Sciences", "type": "DefinedTerm" }, { "id": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/0806", "inDefinedTermSet": "http://purl.org/au-research/vocabulary/anzsrc-for/2008/", "name": "Information Systems", "type": "DefinedTerm" } ], "author": [ { "affiliation": { "alternateName": "Counseling, Educational, Psychology, and Special Education Department, Michigan State University, 461 Erickson Hall, 48824-1034, East Lansing, MI, USA", "id": "http://www.grid.ac/institutes/grid.17088.36", "name": [ "Counseling, Educational, Psychology, and Special Education Department, Michigan State University, 461 Erickson Hall, 48824-1034, East Lansing, MI, USA" ], "type": "Organization" }, "familyName": "Reckase", "givenName": "Mark D.", "id": "sg:person.01166264366.27", "sameAs": [ "https://app.dimensions.ai/discover/publication?and_facet_researcher=ur.01166264366.27" ], "type": "Person" } ], "datePublished": "2009-05-22", "datePublishedReg": "2009-05-22", "description": "Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a methodology for constructing a test, administering it to an examinee, and scoring the test using interactive computer technology. This methodology has a history that is as long as that of interactive computing. An early summary of CAT methods is given in Weiss (1974). A detailed description of the development of an operational application for the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery is given in (Sands 1997). There are also several books available that describe the basic components of CAT procedures (Wainer, Dorans, Flaugher, Green, Mislevy, Steinberg and Thissen 1990; Parshall, Spray and Davey 2002; van der Linden and Glas 2000) so the basic details of the methodology are not presented here. A review of that literature will show that most of the current CAT methodology is based on the assumption that a unidimensional IRT model accurately represents the interaction between persons and test items. In this chapter, the generalization of the CAT methodology to the multidimensional case is considered. To provide a framework for this material, a brief summary of the conceptual basis for CAT is provided.", "genre": "chapter", "id": "sg:pub.10.1007/978-0-387-89976-3_10", "inLanguage": "en", "isAccessibleForFree": false, "isPartOf": { "isbn": [ "978-0-387-89975-6", "978-0-387-89976-3" ], "name": "Multidimensional Item Response Theory", "type": "Book" }, "keywords": [ "interactive computing", "computer technology", "interactive computer technology", "computerized adaptive testing", "Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery", "adaptive testing", "operational applications", "basic components", "computing", "unidimensional IRT model", "CAT methodology", "methodology", "test items", "IRT models", "CAT procedure", "technology", "basic details", "framework", "detailed description", "applications", "conceptual basis", "multidimensional case", "generalization", "testing", "examinees", "model", "items", "method", "description", "brief summary", "detail", "persons", "MIRT", "batteries", "test", "CAT method", "components", "assumption", "development", "chapter", "summary", "basis", "literature", "book", "procedure", "interaction", "Weiss", "cases", "review", "history", "materials", "Earlier summaries" ], "name": "Computerized Adaptive Testing Using MIRT", "pagination": "311-339", "productId": [ { "name": "dimensions_id", "type": "PropertyValue", "value": [ "pub.1046349288" ] }, { "name": "doi", "type": "PropertyValue", "value": [ "10.1007/978-0-387-89976-3_10" ] } ], "publisher": { "name": "Springer Nature", "type": "Organisation" }, "sameAs": [ "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89976-3_10", "https://app.dimensions.ai/details/publication/pub.1046349288" ], "sdDataset": "chapters", "sdDatePublished": "2022-05-10T10:51", "sdLicense": "https://scigraph.springernature.com/explorer/license/", "sdPublisher": { "name": "Springer Nature - SN SciGraph project", "type": "Organization" }, "sdSource": "s3://com-springernature-scigraph/baseset/20220509/entities/gbq_results/chapter/chapter_412.jsonl", "type": "Chapter", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-89976-3_10" }

☠️ Duygu Uygun-Tunc ☠️. (2020, October 24). A bit cliché but ppl will always find it cooler to point out that a given proposal is not the only one/has shortcomings/is not the Truth itself etc. Than making or improving a proposal. I keep being reminded of this every single day, esp on twitter. [Tweet]. @uygun_tunc. https://twitter.com/uygun_tunc/status/1319923563248353281

The vision of a new born is poor because of the environment of the dark womb making this a nature over nurture.

"clay" elicits ideas of rebirth and reformation; a new shape, a new you.

"wattle" as well--is symbolically laden with anatomy connotations, but also can be reference to twings, and other images of nature.

we are born with fingers that we can move... hence, nature??

It’s a natural affect on human development

They can distinguish between their mother’s scent and that of others.

I think it is nature.

This is an example of nature, this ability to grab is created because of the design of the human hand.

Nature

This is nature because it is generally true of all infants regardless of environment.

well... we are born with it, hence part of our nature??

Nature

Nature

Infants at this period of time develop this skill months after they are born to make precise movements with their body, such as reaching for objects.

Nature

This development is in your genes.

unless there is a genetic abnormality this would be the same for all babies

Based on design of the human hand.

This is a sign of nature as a child is developing they can start to use more of their small muscle groups to grasp things

Seems to be Nature to me.

Genetics = nature

depth perception 2 months old

nature

I hope this is considered "nature"

This is nature because no one has to show you you can move like that, you discover it whatever culture you were born in

colors coming into vision

nature

nature

nature

Nature

Nature

nature

Nature

nature

Nature

"Gross motor skills are voluntary movements that involve the use of large muscle groups."

happens to every newborn; the sensitive part

How did they find this out?

example of nature, unless their is an abnormality, this is how all babies begin to see 8-16 inches away from their faces

babies do this anywhere in the world, it is just a regular baby thing

Since this happens as soon as a baby is born, it has to be nature since nothing is influencing it's reaction into the world except for the biological makeup of the child.

I would classify this as nature

Vision being poor at birth is innate and not based on external factors

The nature of technical writing is explained in "The nature of technical writing". Technical communication is something we do every day without even noticing. Having strong communication skills is beneficial in all areas of one's life, from personal to professional. From a business standpoint, communication is key to every transaction. Communicating effectively allows others and yourself to understand information at a faster and more accurate rate. A lack of communication skills leads to frequent misunderstandings and frustration.

Technical communication/writing is something that has been around for a very long time. The earliest examples belong to Aristotle and his dictionary of "philosophical terms" and his summary of the "Doctrines of Pythagoras". World War I is considered the "Golden Age" of technical writing due to advances in medicine and aerospace.

Differential susceptibility is a technical term used to describe the ways that different people and different groups have different responses to technology even on the same platform. Similar versions of it can be applied to other areas outside of technology, which is but one target. Other areas include differential well-being and mental health.

It could also be applied to drug addiction as some are more susceptible to becoming addicted to nicotine than others. Which parts of this might be nature, nurture, culture, etc.

I'll need some more research into this idea.

Early modern scholars were forced to admit that the order of knowledge doesn't mirror the order of nature.

Appeal to nature: Assuming that having "natural" immunity is better than having immunity from a vaccine.

According to Hopkins Medicine "New studies show that natural immunity to the coronavirus weakens (wanes) over time,".

Wiley, Elsevier, and Springer Nature are expanding the use of domain blocking to prevent people from accessing services like Sci-Hub.

An example of a figure calming waters in myth.

cross reference: Moses and the parting of the Red Sea

To what dates might we attribute these two texts? Which preceded the other? What sort of potential cultural influences would the original had on the subsequent?

Also cross reference the many deluge/flood stories in ancient literatures including Genesis 6-9, The Epic of Gilgamesh, etc.

Nature Portfolio on Twitter. (n.d.). Twitter. Retrieved 3 November 2021, from https://twitter.com/NaturePortfolio/status/1455668301284130820

Nigg, C., Petersen, E., & MacIntyre, T. (2021). Natural Environments, Psychosocial Health, and Health Behaviors during COVID-19 – A Scoping Review. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/a9unf

metaphor

The Flynn effect is the substantial and sustained increase in intelligence test scores over most of the twentieth century.

Research seems to indicate that the effect is environmentally caused: https://www.pnas.org/content/115/26/6674

I'm reminded of Lynne Kelly's use of Indigenous Australian memory techniques which do both of these things at the same time: https://www.lynnekelly.com.au/?p=4794

Another example of encouraging walking to think

Warmerdam, R., Wiersma, H. H., Lanting, P., Dijkema, M. X. L., Vonk, J. M., Boezen, M. H. M., Deelen, P., & Franke, L. (2021). Increased genetic contribution to wellbeing during the COVID-19 pandemic. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/uksxt

Reflections, The United States, Favorite parts, missing, Mexico, Worst parts about being back

Description of how a technology the clock changed the human landscape.

Similar to the way humans might practice terraforming on their natural environment, what should we call the effect our natural environment has on us?

What should we call the effect our technological environment has on us? technoforming?

Evolution certainly indicates that there's likely both short and long-term effects.

Who else has done research into this? Do we have evidence of massive changes with the advent of writing, reading, printing, telegraph, television, social media, or other technologies available?

Any relation to the nature vs nurture debate?

The song's title was mentioned in Sly and the Family Stone's hit song "Thank You (Falettinme Be Mice Elf Again)” (1969).

https://youtu.be/AI-8mKmnupw

https://youtu.be/xdIGp4Ge8yk

https://youtu.be/Nz2JEmKvixE

https://genius.com/Sly-and-the-family-stone-sing-a-simple-song-lyrics

Rosen, M. L., Rodman, A. M., Kasparek, S. W., Mayes, M., Freeman, M. M., Lengua, L., … McLaughlin, K. A., PhD. (2021, March 26). Promoting youth mental health during COVID-19: A Longitudinal Study spanning pre- and post-pandemic. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/n5h8t

Seitz, B. M., Aktipis, A., Buss, D. M., Alcock, J., Bloom, P., Gelfand, M., Harris, S., Lieberman, D., Horowitz, B. N., Pinker, S., Wilson, D. S., & Haselton, M. G. (2020). The pandemic exposes human nature: 10 evolutionary insights. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(45), 27767–27776. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009787117

Is nature vs nurture really a dichotomy? The question itself has the answer - no. But why? Let's read on...

Hu, C., Zhu, K., Huang, K., Yu, B., Jiang, W., Peng, K., & Wang, F. (2020, November 30). Using Natural Intervention to Promote Subjective Well-being of COVID-19 Essential Workers. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mc57s

agrees with Hobbes in that laws of nature need an enforcer- just instead says every man has this power

Context

The Zhuangzi is a large collection of tells, anecdotes, parables, allegories, and fables which are often not serious or comical in nature. These anecdotes try to identify and demonstrate the vanity and uncertain human distinctions between some of the next opposites, life and death, good and bad, big and small, but really also highlights human and nature. This tells mean to be part of ancient Chinese Philosophy. Zhuangzi or Master Zhuang he was one of the most significant first interpreters of Daoism. The Daoism is a pseudo religion and philosophical believing that has shape Chinese culture. “Your life has a limit, but knowledge has none. If you use what is limited to pursue what has no limit, you will be in danger. If you understand this and still strive for knowledge, you will be in danger for certain! If you do good, stay away from fame. If you do evil, stay away from punishments. Follow the middle; go by what is constant, and you can stay in once piece, keep yourself alive, look after your parents, and live out your years.” (Zhuangzi n.d.) The Utopia is reference to the perfect place where everything is equal. So for an actual urban development there is not a close relation between city and nature, as nature is only seen a resource or a place to settle, there is more to it, and there is where the Not-Even-Anything Village comes to place. A base principle on Daoism is the self-awareness of nature and we as a part of it, a way to settle an agreement to land and to everything. A Utopia should be work on similar interests to this Chinese idea of the perfect place to live or to build.

Zhuangzi. The Zhuangzi, History of Chinese Philosophy. University of Hawaii, s.f.

CONTEXT: Shuen-fu Lin addresses "the sage", the person with the highest spiritual attainment who was first emulated and thought of in the Wei-Jin movement, following the Han Dynasty. The sage allows the innate tendencies and has all five of the human emotions addressed in the passage, but "...does not act, complies, and does not implement. He eliminates what leads things astray and gets rid of what confuses them." The sage is addressed as exhibiting qualities of both the Daoist way of life and the Confucianist way. The sage is like the image of water that is an unattainable, sage-like, presence and moral conduct, desired by both Daoist and Confucianist beliefs. "Gentlemen" look at water in awe, gazing upon the perfection of its inaction and lack of effort in attaining its intellect, beauty, and respect. The water has of "ziran", or perhaps, is "ziran" that humans are able to express communion with nature and nonpurposive action. This word is also described as spontaneously existing and being "so oneself" -nothing acting behind them. Water does not decide or dwell for too long, it just exists in movement and in detachment which I think human beings desire greatly.

Cai, Zongqi. Chinese Aesthetics: The Ordering of Literature, the Arts, and the Universe in the Six Dynasties. Honolulu: University of Hawaii Press, 2004.

RELATE: In 'The Experience of Nature' by Rachel and Stephen Kaplan, human action and thought is addressed as influenced by our setting/environment whether the setting require immediate responsive action or the response take place in a slower, observational method varies. The authors write, "People are particularly aware of information that is visual, that concerns what they see. That does not mean that people interpret the information in visual terms exclusively; rather, visual stimuli are effective in conjuring associated information. The sight of water provides information about potential opportunities which may or may not be visual in themselves" (Kaplan, 4). Reverie from observation that allows self reflection, thought free from distraction, and intuitive action is typically included in our broader categorization of landscape qualities when we discuss as landscape architects. Human reaction to landscape is so much bigger than the texture, color, or even kinesthetic feeling within the place and can be thought of as artwork in addition- prompting development of thought even subconsciously within the the one experiencing.

Kaplan, Rachel, and Stephen Kaplan. The Experience of Nature: A Psychological Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.

Koren, M. (2020, April 2). The Pandemic Is Turning the Natural World Upside Down. The Atlantic. https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2020/04/coronavirus-pandemic-earth-pollution-noise/609316/

This is pretty accurate.

Rice, W. L., Meyer, C., Lawhon, B., Taff, B. D., Mateer, T., Reigner, N., & Newman, P. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic is changing the way people recreate outdoors: Preliminary report on a national survey of outdoor enthusiasts amid the COVID-19 pandemic [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/prnz9

Nature Podcast. (n.d.). Retrieved July 8, 2020, from https://link.chtbl.com/_f_Eq3xb?sf235711885=1

Stavroglou, S. K., Pantelous, A. A., Stanley, H. E., & Zuev, K. M. (2020). Unveiling causal interactions in complex systems. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(14), 7599–7605. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1918269117

Today we walked for the first time from our home to the nearby veggie shop. A great experience of simplicity, minimalism, and nature. Feeling awesomely blessed.

FIX

Aurora Borealis or "northern lights" appear in the Arctic skies, a nighttime phenomenon caused by turbulence in the magnetosphere.

In this revision, the 1831 edition makes Victor far more explicit about the parallels between his own quest for knowledge as power and Walton's expedition. Victor also attributes this insight to the sublime context of their Arctic location. The 1818 edition only suggests Walton will learn from Victor's story.

The region south of Mayence might be more picturesque because of the Kühkopf-Knoblochsaue, now a well-known nature preserve.

In his book De Occulta Philosophia Agrippa suggested that God placed magic in the world to make man capable of transcending the natural sphere and able to influence the superior realms.

Lake Lucerne is a lake in central Switzerland and the fourth largest in the country. Lake Uri, also in Switzerland, is known for its reflective blue waters.

Bounty comes from understanding the words. The Revelation is, firstly, the words (and the spiritual energy they contain).

La métamorphose du narrateur est visible dans ce vers. Le narrateur qui était autrefois critique est maintenant fier de son pays. Il utilise le mot « nous » pour décrire son sentiment d’unité entre lui-même et les gens de son pays. Il se présente aussi comme peu. « ma main petite maintenant dans son poing énorme » Il s’agit d’un changement par rapport à son ton divin au début du poème. Maintenant, c’est son pays qui est plus grand et plus puissant que lui. Il illustre peut-être que, dans l’unité, les gens de son pays sont beaucoup plus forts que lui-même.

Dans une manière biblique, Césaire regarde un arbre et décide de devenir un arbre. Ses pieds deviennent les racines de l’arbre. Il se confond avec la terre, et ainsi, son pays. Il est maintenant enraciné, comme un arbre, et comme son peuple. Il est stagnant, tout comme le trait même qu’il a critiqué son peuple. Son enracinement est toxique. Ou la ville est-elle toxique ? Dans cet extrait, Césaire met également en parallèle la ville et la nature.

L’image de devenir un arbre peut être interprétée comme le désir de Césaire pour l’île de revenir à sa forme « naturelle », sa forme avant qu’elle ne soit colonisée. Césaire compare la « civilisation » (colonialisme) au poison.

Il désire s’identifier avec tous les opprimés de son pays et établir des liens avec eux avec le « secret des grandes communications. » Encore une fois, d’une manière biblique, Césaire se compare à Dieu. Tout comme dans l’Ancien Testament, Césaire contemple toutes les choses qu’il dirait comme « fleuve, […] tornade, […] feuille » et elles apparaîtront, comme s’il était Dieu. Avec ce pouvoir, il désire relâcher une terreur de catastrophes naturelles sur son pays pour qu’il puisse recommencer a nouveau. D’une certaine façon, Césaire ridiculise le catholicisme. C’est la religion des colonisateurs, ses oppresseurs, qu’ils ont imposée à son peuple. À mon avis, Césaire a une sorte de complexe de dieu tout au long de son poème. Pourtant, il se moque aussi du catholicisme en quelque sorte.

Césaire emploie une assonance en [e] dans cet extrait. Il parle encore de la Martinique. En utilisant le champ lexique de la nature et de l’enfer.

Césaire fait constamment référence au paysage de la Martinique, et le poème déborde d’un merveilleux catalogue de noms : rivières, fleurs, arbres. Aussi beau que soit son pays, il est couvert de violence et de sang. En superposant l’image de la belle nature et de la violence horrible, Césaire rend son image encore plus puissante.

Césaire affirme que pour soutenir la poésie, il faut détruire les faussetés du monde. Pour décrire l’impact des mots, il les compare aux aspects mystiques de la nature tels que les marées et les feux de forêt.