1. Last 7 days
    1. Approaches that include work to change policies, systems, and environments can help to address and promote social connections.

      Communities can make changes to their policies, systems, and environments to create more opportunities for people to connect. I think this is important because people experiencing financial hardship may face barriers that make participating in community activities difficult.

    1. Ongoing post-deployment ML model maintenance had been known to create a large amount of ‘technical debt’ in a number of organisations,22 and FireEye had experienced such challenges as well.

      nega

    2. Sometimes, victims of cyber threats and attacks were not comfortable sharing their data, even with a specialised firm like FireEye that was there to help them deal with these issues. For these reasons, gathering data sets needed for threat attribution was challenging.

      intresting

    Annotators

    1. syllabus

      North Idaho College requires its faculty to use a program called Concourse to create, upload, and share it syllabi. The program does not export as a PDF, but provides a URL. I've found that AI agents have difficulty interfacing with URLs directly. Copilot permitted me to upload the URL as a reference, and it lists it as "Content" it has access to. However, when I specifically ask it to reference it, it can't. Any recommendations besides cutting and pasting the text? Can this Pressbooks explore the topic of the limitations of feeding URLs to AI agents and recommendations for best practices?

    1. removing .clear() stops resetting the fail state, so even after printing first print 2nd and rest of iteration doesnt even attempt to read the new input since its still in failed state and prints failed.. immediately

    2. part 3 of q5:

      failed.. failed.. failed.. //this one is due to us reaching eof and theres nothing left to read

      Looping continues forever since we never actually exit the error condition. there is a continue but no break or return continues forever and we keep trying to read input

      .clear() resets the eof and failure flags, however we're still at end of file and theres nothing left to ignore and loop continues forever

    3. question 5 understanding : while (1) & while(true) mean the same-> keep looping forever until something inside it stops it such as break(Immediately exits)or return.

      here as soon as a = 1 printed, the break in the next line terminates the loop immediately and 2,3 never get read

      continue -> Skips the rest of the current iteration and starts the next one

    1. They are buried without scalp in the shattered bedrock of our home

      https://youtu.be/Y6wqbrPX-lA?si=QiovqjG3VgeWDs9V

      In a video recorded in one of his concert, Hozier refers to a traditional Irish song called "The Wind that Shakes the Barley". This song refers to the barley young men would put as provisions in their pockets before joining the rebellion, which grew years later on mass-grave sites where these men were killed without a proper burial.

    2. The ears were chopped from young men if the pitch cap didn’t kill them

      According to Irish Legal News, "victims were subjected to “caps” full of boiling tar, or “pitch”, and gunpowder, forced on their heads and set alight. If the victims were not killed in the process of pitchcapping, they were often scalped by the removal of the cooled pitchcap, and left blind by the hot tar running into their eyes."

    3. A butchered tongue still singin’ here above the ground

      This could refer to the myth of Philomela, who was raped by her sister's husband before he cut her tongue off, making sure she could not tell her story. Hozier draws a parallel here between sexual violence/control over women's body, to colonialism. This is a motif we find again in his song Swan Upon Leda, where he compares Leda's rape by Zeus to colonialism:

      "The swan upon Leda / Occupier upon ancient land"

    4. “Appalacicola” or, “Hushpuckena,” like, “Gweebarra”

      Hozier mentioned himself that these places in the US have indigenous names, and when he asked locals about what they meant, no one could answer him. He expresses gratefulness that Irish history has been document and is accessible, and acknowledges that this is not the case everywhere, therefore some places have had their tongue butchered even worse.

    5. Butchered Tongue

      The title of this song refers to the violence and torture inflicted upon Irish rebels by the British, during the 1798 Irish Rebellion. Butchered Tongue refers both to the physical violence (such as severing ears, or pitchcapping, as well as losing their language due to colonisation, resulting in many Irish people still unable to speak their land's language today.

    1. I think this was ’ because she did not want to go either. ‘Babamunini was home in the year that we returned, and that’s only three years ago. As for Tete, try to think straight, Nyasha. How can Tete come to her father’s home when she is somebody’s wife?

      This paragraph sows that a women is referred by her husbands household so she is not free to go anywhere

    1. A grip taking hold Like a cancer that grows Each piece of your body that it takes

      "Amor, ch’a nullo amato amar perdona" — Dante Alighieri, Inferno (Canto V, line 103)

      Possible translation: "Love, which spares none of the loved from loving in return."

    2. When the heart would cease Ours never knew peace

      The Death of Francesca da Rimini and Paolo Malatesta, Alexandre Cabanel, 1870 (Musée d'Orsay, Paris).

    3. FRANCESCA

      The title of this song refers to Francesca da Rimini, who was a real was Italian noblewoman who was murdered by her husband upon his discovery of her affair with his brother, Paolo Malatesta.

      In Dante's Inferno, she is found in the 2nd circle of Hell, the circle of Lust, where she tell her story to the narrator while Paolo remains silent behind her. In this song however, Hozier decides to give a voice to Paolo, making him the narrator to express his love to Francesca.

    4. I’ll tell them put me back in it

      In modern relationships, this idea resonates with couples who, despite facing difficult challenges, would still choose to go through it all over again. Here, Paolo says that even knowing their love would lead them to Hell, he would not have chosen differently. Given the context of adultery in their relationship, this shows that their loyalty lays in their love and passion, rather than into moral expectations, as Francesca was married at a yougn age in a political marriage.

    5. My life was a storm, since I was born How could I fear any hurricane?

      In the second circle of Hell, the lustful are being buffeted by violent winds in a similar manner that they allowed themselves to be swept away by their passions when alive. Here, the narrator suggests that their punishment is tolerable compared to this own life when he was alive, expressing no regrets.

    1. fixed

      In reality, spinal reflex circuits are embedded within larger motor-control networks. Their responses can be modified by ongoing locomotor activity, sensory feedback, and descending control.

      The reflex is therefore context-dependent: the spinal network transforms sensory input differently depending on what the ongoing behavior requires.

    2. Cutaneous reflexes are reorganized across the step cycle: an input that assists foot clearance during swing may have a different effect during stance, when the same limb must bear weight. Reflex gain changes with task, posture, expectation, and descending state. Calling these responses reflexes does not mean they are fixed, isolated, or unintelligent. It means that important transformations occur locally and rapidly

      During swing: - The foot is moving forward through the air. - The touch might indicate that the foot is encountering an obstacle. - The spinal circuitry can respond by increasing flexion, lifting the foot higher to clear the obstacle.

      During stance: - The foot is supporting body weight. - Producing the same strong flexion response could destabilize the body. - The spinal circuitry may instead reduce, suppress, or otherwise alter the response to preserve support.

    3. Removing proprioceptive feedback degrades fundamental aspects of interjoint and flexor–extensor coordination

      Without proprioceptive feedback, spinal circuits lose information about the actual position and mechanical state of the limbs.

    4. In fictive locomotion, an animal may be immobilized while rhythmic bursts are recorded from motor nerves. Because the limbs are not cycling, each flexion cannot be mechanically triggering the next extension. The pattern must be organized centrally.

      Fictive locomotion demonstrates that the nervous system can generate alternating flexor–extensor motor commands even when the corresponding movements are absent. Therefore, the basic rhythm can be generated centrally rather than requiring each movement to trigger the next through sensory feedback.

    5. recurrent control.

      Example: Reaching for a cup of water - Cortical systems: Use visual information to locate the cup and guide the reach toward it. - Basal ganglia: Help select and regulate the reaching action. - Cerebellum: Predict the movement’s sensory consequences and help calibrate its timing and accuracy. - Brainstem and spinal circuits: Coordinate posture, muscle activation, and rapid local adjustments. - Muscles and body: Execute the movement, generating continuous sensory feedback (e.g., proprioception and vision). - If the cup suddenly moves: Updated visual information allows cortical circuits to adjust the reach, while cerebellar and spinal circuits contribute to ongoing corrections. - Key principle: Motor control is hierarchical but recurrent. Higher systems influence lower controllers rather than specifying every muscle contraction, while feedback and predictive signals allow multiple levels to continuously adjust the movement.

    1. “feels like a representation of Mexico but in this suburban Connecticut town,” taking “all of what my family brought to the U.S.

      They feel that their restaurant is a piece of mexico in U.S.A

    2. On those nights, around 8 p.m., the group plugs in their ad hoc karaoke “machine” (a.k.a. a laptop, a speaker and YouTube), pumps up the volume and starts dancing and calling out song requests.

      There is more to the restaurant community than just eating

    3. What keeps these 20-somethings coming back to Sarapes is not just the secret(ish) menu items or the occasional impromptu conga line that snakes around the booths. The space is a physical reminder of their kinship. When they come home to Sarapes, they can return to where they started.

      Coming to the restaurant reminds them of their friendship

    4. When Ivy Berubes, 22, orders a Shirley Temple at the Sarapes Mexican Restaurant bar, they make it for her even though it’s not on the menu. The menu also doesn’t list “The Tommy Bowl” — a deconstructed burrito — but Tommy Agramonte, 20, gets to order it; after all, it is named after him. Sade Guess, 21, swears by the birria tacos, another off-menu item.

      People who are close to the people who own the restaurants get to eat food that isn't on the menu

    1. For the kids who call it home, the band room is a place of real refuge: somewhere to go during free periods

      The band room is like a shelter where people can go whenever they want

    2. About 500 students attend Ravenna High. They come out to hear the band play at pep rallies and football games, where they provide the soundtrack to the Ravens’ triumphs and defeats.

      While it seemed like a small school at the beginning. 500 students is a lot

    3. “It definitely helps that we have a small school, because we’ve all known each other our whole lives,

      Since the school is small no one is unknown everyone knows each other

    4. But there are plenty of other things to worry about. Ravenna, Ohio, is not the sort of place anybody wants to make movies about

      Despite everyone knowing each other and being respected there are a lot of bad things at the place

    5. Contrary to what the movies will tell you, the marching band at Ravenna High School is pretty well respected.

      Ravenna High School's band is respected despite being in a small school

    1. As interest in skating across Nigeria has been growing — there are now a number of pro skaters in the country, including Henry Okwubuasi, signed by Wafflesncream, Nigeria’s first skateboarding company

      Dencity has been recognized bby many

    2. From their trips to the market to regular skate meet-ups at the dilapidated National Stadium or Tarkwa Bay beach, they have traced their own map of the city.

      Dencity people know the place well

    1. we seem more willing to spend money on good fruit jam than on good software

      Great point. I can also see it from the other end where many more of us willing to pirate a software or digital product (songs, movies etc. ) compared to stealing a bottle of jam.

      Something about the lack of a physical thing in hand makes your mind value it less maybe? If we all had a scented USB drive based key to use a software there's a change software might be perceived as mure physically tangible? 😛

    1. cartogra- phy has been split open as a discipline and made more accessible to a wider user group by technological advancement

      The availability and necessities of maps is shown to be evident in this article in various ways. Technology is one reason why this type of map exists, and keeping track of the info from these maps can be informative to the present and future of urbanity.

    2. greater equity and pleasure between foodscapes, urbanity, nature and people.

      Time-based urban food maps can find inspiration from the past. This quote from the text also calls attention to the fact that the food we eat is a part of how people are, without a doubt, linked to nature.

    3. we highlight place as enacted – brought alive by the human and non-human – where food is the connective agent.

      When a street or avenue comes alive at lunchtime or at dinner it is an urban experience that never becomes boring. Place-based urban food maps can visualize this.

    4. an evening meal is an urban as well as spatial concern

      Growing up in Brooklyn, the evening meal, at a restaurant or inside someone's home, was a social event that happened on a regular basis. So much went into just a few hours of hanging out with your friends and eating.

    5. from production to harvesting, distribution, processing, consumption and disposal

      All the steps necessary to the urban food discourse reminds me of the mango body whip story from earlier this semster.

    1. gage stadents in a textualized learning through social interaction—in this case a on personal experiences with one another to generate and use sensory to enrich their writing.

      I feel like writing can be one of the hardest things to teach but involving students' lived experiences and using sensory details and vocabulary is very memorable and meaningful for them.

  2. pdfs.semanticscholar.org pdfs.semanticscholar.org
    1. Theoretically, the results of this research are in line with the social learning theory and the attachment theory. The social learning theory states that children acquire behavior by observing and modeling the behavior of their parents and that is why parenting styles directly influence the behavior of children (Koutroubas & Galanakis, 2022). On the same note, the role of secure parent-child bonds in the development of emotional stability and psychological health is also highlighted in the attachment theory (Groh et al., 2017). The theoretical frameworks are consistent with the positive effect of authoritative parenting and the negative effect of authoritarian and permissive parenting that were realized in this study

      social learning and attachment theory

    2. Parenting cannot be considered as a single behavior but as a set of practices interacting with each other to shape the development of children (Kuppens & Ceulemans, 2019). As an example, one parent can display both authoritative and authoritarian characteristics to have different impacts on children based on the situation. This complexity contributes to the necessity of the subtle perception of the parenting practice as opposed to the categorical one.

      parenting complexity

    3. The third hypothesis was that permissive parenting negatively affects the child development. The findings confirm this hypothesis according to which permissive parenting is correlated with less strong developmental outcomes.

      third result

    4. The second hypothesis was that authoritarian parenting negatively affects the development of the child. This hypothesis is supported by the results since authoritarian parenting has a significant negative correlation with developmental outcomes. Such conclusion is corroborated by past research that showed that rigorous and restrictive parenting styles correlate with increased anxiety, low self-esteem, and low emotional regulation in children (Rad et al., 2024).

      second result

    5. The initial theory of the research was that authoritative parenting affects child development significantly and positively. This hypothesis is well justified by the results

      result one

    6. Children can also fail to come up with self-control and responsibility that is necessary to make them functional in the social and academic environment without consistent guidance. Less strict parenting has also been linked to poor performance. Parents who do not impose restrictions connected with the study habits and responsibilities might inadvertently decrease the motivation and concentration of children on academic activities (Masud et al., 2016). Consequently, children who grow up in permissive families might not perform to their best as their counterparts brought up in more organized parenting styles.

      too little control

    7. Parenting that is authoritarian has also been associated with bad behavioral results. Too much control and strict discipline have the potential to cause rebellious behavior, aggression, and inadequate social competence (Hosokawa & Katsura, 2019). Authoritarian children are likely to follow the rules because they are afraid and not because they know; this restricts their creativity in thinking and decision making.

      too much control

    8. Child development is a multidimensional process which includes emotional, social, behavioral and academic development. Emotional development is the fact that children are able to know and control their emotions whereas social development is the development of relationships and adaptation to social norms. Self-control, discipline, and conduct is considered a behavioral development, and learning outcomes and intellectual performance are academic development (Smetana, 2017; Frosch et al., 2021). These dimensions are interrelated and when one area is affected, this may affect other areas. An example is that lack of emotional control may result in behavioral problems hence adversely affecting academic performance. Child development is therefore a holistic concept especially in the analysis of parenting role. The family is the main social institution and it is the place where children learn the basic skills that are necessary in life like discipline, communication, self-control and moral values. Parents play the role of role models since early childhood when their attitudes and behaviors are shaped by direct and observational teachings to children. Social learning perspectives assume that children acquire knowledge through observing the behavior of parents, so parenting practices become the key factor affecting the developmental outcomes (Pratt et al., 2010). Moreover, the attachment-related theories also focus on the fact that the quality of the relationships between parents and children affects the level of emotional security and long-term psychological well-being (Groh et al., 2017). Therefore, family setting is the basis of patterns that continue in adolescence and adulthood. There are four broad types of parenting styles according to the responsiveness and control levels. The authoritative style of parenting is also highly responsive and reasonably controlling with parents being warm and have clear boundaries. The style is strongly linked to the positive developmental results, such as the improvement of self-esteem, academic achievement, and social skills (Pinquart and Kauser, 2018). Authoritarian parenting on the other hand is much stricter with low emotional warmth, which more often than not leads to obedience but also anxiety and low self confidence in the children. High warmth and low control characterize permissive parenting which can result in lack of discipline and behavior difficulties because of lack of regular rules. Finally, low responsiveness and low control are characteristics of neglectful parenting, which are often linked to the most negative consequences, such as emotional instability and social withdrawal (Hosokawa & Katsura, 2019; Pinquart, 2021).

      gold

    9. The modern literature is consistently emphasizing that parenting is not just a care practice, but a system of attitudes and behavior that has a direct impact on the cognitive and socio-emotional development of

      what parenting styles are (the word after of is children)

    10. The parenting styles have been known as one of the strongest factors that determine the overall development of the child including personality, emotional state, social, and academic performance. The way in which the parents relate with their children, expectations, and support gives a developmental environment that has a lot of influence on behavioral outcomes and psychological adjustment.

      parenting styles effects

    1. El valor crítico bilateral al 5% con 3 grados de libertad es ±3,18.

      acá agregaría un callout sobre que el valor crítico de rechazo va disminuyendo a medida que aumentan los grados de libertad, tendiendo a 1,96 para alfa 0.05

    1. Apoyo · Opciones útiles de kable()

      ya, pero con esto mostrar cómo utilizando esas funciones se puede ir customizando la tabla. Además, mostrar opciones de agregar más informción (min-max, etc)

    2. Usaremos principalmente

      sin necesidad de nombrar las librerías específicas, aclarar que se utilzarán librerías de R que permiten obtener un documento de salida (renderizado) de calidad en distintos formatos (títpicamente, html y pdf)

    3. Introducción

      Agregar como idea inicial que el análisis de datos es una actividad con un fin comunicativo, y que gran parte de esta comunicación pasa por dos tipos de dispositivos: Tablas y Gráficos ... y agregar por qué es importtante hacerlos bien. También señalar por qué conviene hacerlos en código en lugar de generados clickeando un menú, como en excel

    4. ggplot2 para gráficos y knitr (kable()) para tablas.

      avanzaría secuencial, partiría cargando kable dentro de la sección de tablas, y explicaría ahí de qué se trata esta librería, tal vez en un callout. Lo mismo con ggplot en gráficos

    1. satisfez a dívida por inteiro
      • Informativo nº 892
      • 16 de junho de 2026.
      • TERCEIRA TURMA
      • Processo: REsp 2.232.326-RJ, Rel. Ministro Ricardo Villas Bôas Cueva, Terceira Turma, por unanimidade, julgado em 9/6/2026.

      Ramo do Direito DIREITO CIVIL

      TemaPaz, justiça e instituições eficazes <br /> Direito das obrigações. Solidariedade passiva. Fases externa e interna. Direito de regresso. Art. 283 do Código Civil. Pagamento parcial. Impossibilidade de regresso imediato.

      Destaque - O direito de regresso entre devedores solidários somente se torna exigível após o <u>pagamento integral</u> da dívida ao credor comum, sendo inviável seu exercício com base em pagamento parcial, por não estar encerrada a fase externa da solidariedade passiva.

      Informações do Inteiro Teor - A controvérsia resume-se a definir a possibilidade de exercício imediato do direito de regresso por devedor solidário em face dos demais codevedores em virtude de pagamento parcial efetuado à credora comum, no contexto de condenação solidária em elevada indenização por danos materiais e morais decorrentes de responsabilidade civil.

      • Nesse contexto, a solidariedade passiva estrutura-se em <u>duas fases</u>: a externa, que compreende a relação entre o credor e os devedores solidários, e a interna, relativa às relações de nivelamento e reembolso entre os codevedores, destinada a restabelecer o equilíbrio patrimonial conforme as quotas de cada um.

      • A fase interna, destinada ao nivelamento entre os codevedores e que viabiliza o direito de regresso, somente se inicia com o encerramento da fase externa, nos termos do art. 283 do Código Civil.

      • Mesmo na solidariedade passiva decorrente da responsabilidade civil, quem pretende exercer o direito de regresso deve quitado integralmente a dívida com o credor.

      • Assim, a pretensão de cobrança exercida pela via da ação de regresso passa a ser exercitável com o pagamento integral, momento a partir do qual, inclusive, inicia-se o curso do correspondente prazo prescricional.

      • Portanto, o pagamento parcial, embora válido e útil para a redução do débito comum, não extingue a fase externa da solidariedade, razão pela qual é prematuro o exercício do direito de regresso.

    2. incapaz
      • A regra é que, para ser empresário, é preciso a plena capacidade civil.

      • A exceção é a possibilidade de o incapaz exercer atividade empresarial, contando com autorização judicial,se devidamente assistido ou representado, nas hipóteses de <u>continuar</u> a atividade exercida:

        • pessoalmente por ele quando capaz;
        • por seus pais;
        • pelo autor da herança
      • Contudo, pertinente destacar a diferenciação da jurisprudência entre a capacidade de exercer atividade empresarial e participar de sociedades. Neste último caso, o incapaz poderá participar do capital social. Vide:


      • Edição Extraordinária nº 32
      • Direito Privado
      • 21 de julho de 2026
      • TERCEIRA TURMA
      • Compartilhe:
      • Processo: Processo em segredo de justiça, Rel. Ministra Nancy Andrighi, Terceira Turma, por unanimidade, julgado em 12/5/2026, DJEN 28/5/2026.

      Ramo do Direito DIREITO CIVIL

      TemaPaz, justiça e instituições eficazes <br /> Ação de suprimento de outorga conjugal. Constituição de holding familiar e integralização de bens imóveis em sociedade limitada por pessoa relativamente incapaz. Possibilidade. Interpretação sistemática e contemporânea do § 3º do art. 974 do CC.

      Destaque - A participação do incapaz em contratos sociais, inclusive no momento constitutivo da sociedade limitada, é juridicamente admissível, desde que observadas as salvaguardas legais, bem como que submetida à prévia autorização judicial.

      Informações do Inteiro Teor - A controvérsia consiste em decidir acerca da possibilidade de pessoa relativamente incapaz figurar como sócia em futura sociedade limitada, na espécie holding familiar.

      • No caso, em razão de sequelas decorrentes de um traumatismo intracraniano permanente, o recorrido teve sua interdição decretada, sendo declarada sua incapacidade parcial para os atos da vida civil. A esposa foi então nomeada sua curadora.

      • Destaca-se que é desejo da sua esposa realizar planejamento sucessório, mediante a constituição de sociedade holding familiar. Tendo em vista que é casada com o recorrido sob o regime da comunhão parcial de bens e necessita do suprimento da sua outorga para a integralização dos bens imóveis de propriedade do casal.

      • O art. 972 do Código Civil, nesse sentido, condiciona o exercício da atividade empresarial à plena capacidade civil, enquanto o caput do art. 974 do mesmo Diploma admite, em caráter excepcional, a continuidade da empresa pelo incapaz, desde que devidamente representado ou assistido.

      • Com o intuito de proteger os incapazes dos riscos inerentes à atividade empresarial, o § 1º do art. 974 estabelece a necessidade de autorização judicial prévia, devendo-se o juiz avaliar as circunstâncias da empresa e a conveniência em continuá-la. Ainda, na intenção de proteger o patrimônio do incapaz e de terceiros que com ele contratarem no exercício da atividade comercial, estabelece o § 2° que os bens que o incapaz já possuía não ficarão sujeitos ao resultado da empresa, desde que estranhos ao acervo daquela.

      • Trata-se, todavia, de norma voltada especificamente ao empresário individual, não se confundindo com a capacidade de participação em sociedades.

      • Nessa toada, o art. 974 do CC, em seu §3º, introduzido pela Lei n. 12.399/2011, passou a prever expressamente a participação do incapaz em sociedades, ao determinar que as Juntas Comerciais devem registrar contratos e alterações contratuais que envolvam sócio incapaz, desde que atendidos determinados requisitos: (I) não venha a exercer atividades de administração em geral; (II) o capital social esteja integralizado; e (III) esteja o incapaz representado ou assistido, conforme o grau de incapacidade.

      • Assim, a necessidade de prévia autorização judicial possibilita a avaliação casuística das aptidões e características próprias da pessoa curatelada, a fim de avaliar acerca da possibilidade de integralização de capital social com bens imóveis de incapaz, nos termos dos arts. 1.747, 1.748 e 1.781 do CC.

      • Além disso, impedir a constituição de sociedade por pessoa curatelada significaria negar-lhe acesso a uma das formas mais relevantes de organização da atividade econômica contemporânea, em evidente contradição com as diretrizes inclusivas do ordenamento jurídico brasileiro. A exigência de salvaguardas legais (como a vedação ao exercício da administração da sociedade, a necessidade de integralização total do capital social e a representação ou assistência) constitui elemento de harmonização entre liberdade e proteção.

      • Portanto, a interpretação sistemática e contemporânea do § 3º do art. 974 do CC conduz à conclusão de que a participação do incapaz em contratos sociais, inclusive, no momento constitutivo da sociedade limitada, é juridicamente admissível, desde que observadas as salvaguardas legais, bem como que submetida à prévia autorização judicial.

    3. só se adquirem com o registro
      • A regra é que, para haver efeitos erga omnes, os direitos reais sobre imóveis precisam de registro no CRI. Mas pode haver casos excepcionais em que a constituição de propriedade e sua transmissão sejam adquiridos por meios que não o registro (possivelmente, como exemplo, a usucapião)
  3. www.planalto.gov.br www.planalto.gov.br
    1. § 2º
      • Edição Extraordinária nº 32
      • Direito Privado
      • 21 de julho de 2026
      • Processo: REsp 2.228.772-SP, Rel. Ministro Antonio Carlos Ferreira, Quarta Turma, por unanimidade, julgado em 3/3/2026, DJEN 13/3/2026.

      Ramo do Direito DIREITO CIVIL, DIREITO PROCESSUAL CIVIL

      TemaPaz, justiça e instituições eficazes <br /> Execução de título extrajudicial. Aval. Sub-rogação. Direito de regresso do avalista. Execução no mesmo processo. Necessidade de pagamento integral do devedor principal.

      Destaque - 1. O exercício do direito de regresso pelo sub-rogado nos mesmos autos, previsto no art. 794, § 2º, do CPC, depende da satisfação integral do credor originário, em observância à preferência legal deste e ao princípio da eficiência processual.

      • 2. A sub-rogação do terceiro interessado que paga a dívida pode ser parcial (art. 346, III, do CC), mas, em caso de pagamento apenas parcial, o credor originário conserva preferência sobre o sub-rogado na satisfação do crédito remanescente, à luz do art. 351 do CC.

      Informações do Inteiro Teor - A controvérsia consiste em definir a aplicação do art. 794, § 2º, do Código de Processo Civil, a fim de definir a partir de qual momento o sub-rogado poderá exercer seu direito de regresso no mesmo processo.

      • No caso, a hipótese trata de execução de título extrajudicial ajuizada por instituição financeira contra avalistas e avalizado. Após o bloqueio de parte do valor exequendo nas contas bancárias dos avalistas, os devedores-avalistas pleitearam o direito de regresso contra o avalizado nos mesmos autos da execução.

      • A Corte estadual reconheceu a possibilidade de cobrança nos mesmos autos, contudo, entendeu que isso somente seria possível após o recebimento do <u>valor total</u> do crédito pelo exequente.

      • No ponto, o art. 794, § 2º, do CPC busca dar efetividade processual a normas de direito material que preveem a sub-rogação do terceiro interessado que paga a dívida e o direito de regresso. Assim, reconhece-se, no plano do direito material, que o terceiro interessado que paga a dívida pela qual era ou podia ser responsável, sub-roga-se, de pleno direito, nos direitos do credor originário (art. 346, III, c/c arts. 349 e 899, § 1º, do Código Civil), podendo exigir do devedor principal o ressarcimento dos valores desembolsados.

      • Ressalta-se, entretanto, a regra do art. 351 do CC, segundo a qual o credor originário, apenas parcialmente reembolsado, tem preferência em relação ao sub-rogado na cobrança da dívida restante, se os bens do devedor não forem suficientes para satisfazer integralmente ambos os créditos.

      • Assim, permitir a execução simultânea pelo credor original e pelo avalista, este último assumindo, ao mesmo tempo a posição de executado e exequente, fragilizaria a preferência concedida ao credor principal disciplinada no art. 351 do CC.

      • Acrescente-se que autorizar ao sub-rogado a execução nos mesmos autos sem que antes o credor original seja integralmente pago, geraria um tumulto processual que retardaria o andamento regular da execução, comprometendo a eficiência e a duração razoável do processo.

      • Destarte, observando-se a preferência do credor originário estabelecida no art. 351 do CC e utilizando-se do princípio da eficiência como parâmetro interpretativo, conclui-se que a possibilidade prevista no art. 794, § 2º, do CPC, da execução nos mesmos autos pelo sub-rogado, depende do prévio e integral recebimento do valor devido pelo exequente original.

    1. Delacroix’s Massacre at Chios (1824) and Death of Sardanapalus (1827–28; both Louvre) embody in images of war and destruction the Romantic themes of human pathos, uncontrollable force, and emotional extremes. The emphasis on military brutality in many Oriental subjects by Western artists reflects ongoing conflicts throughout the century: the Greek War of Independence (1821–30), the conquest of Algeria by the French in the 1830s, and the Crimean War (1853–56).

      Important for the discussion question

    2. propaganda in support of French imperialism

      of course when wasn't orientalism not used as propaganda, when the colonizers held the power to influence ideologies

    3. Until this point, however, Europeans had minimal contact with the East, usually through trade and intermittent military campaigns.

      So basically anything they heard was from first hand accounts or fabricated tales

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