1. Last 7 days
  2. www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
    Albumin uptake through FcRn promotes tumor-associated macrophage maturation and albumin-bound immunotherapy response
    9
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124726010880
  3. www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
    Colony morphogenesis regulates sporulation dynamics in bacterial biofilms
    2
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S221112472601079X
  4. www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
    Antigenic landscape of rabies and related lyssaviruses revealed by cryo-EM
    4
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124726010715
  5. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Engineering a Model Cell for Rational Tuning of GPCR Signaling
    3
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6476273/
  6. www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
    Myeloid reprogramming generates myeloid-derived activating cells to potentiate radiotherapy and suppress metastasis
    35
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1535610826003946
  7. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Apelin Receptor Signaling Protects GT1-7 GnRH Neurons Against Oxidative Stress In Vitro
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11441187/
  8. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    CuO Quantum Dots@amorphous CoOOH Semiconductor Heterostructure for Label-Free Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering Detection and Accurate Classification of Gastrointestinal Tumor Cells
    2
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/sstr.70611
  9. bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    BPS Publications
    2
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    bpspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/prp2.70314
  10. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    A Post–NGP <i>Mitsuokella jalaludinii</i> as a Therapeutic Candidate for Gout
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mbo3.70410
  11. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    Developmental Trajectory of Auditory Brainstem Deficits in a Mouse Model of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/dneu.70059
  12. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    Exploratory single-nucleus multiomics analysis of myeloid cell states associated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy response in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma
    4
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/ctm2.70810
  13. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Use of the CRISPR-Cas9 system in Drosophila cultured cells to introduce fluorescent tags into endogenous genes
    4
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC7213786/
  14. febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    FEBS Press
    3
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/1878-0261.70320
  15. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    The phospholipid transporter PITPNC1 links KRAS to MYC to prevent autophagy in lung and pancreatic cancer
    3
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10199551/
  16. dx.doi.org dx.doi.org
    Isolating Ligand Steric Effects on Metal Ion Reduction and Gold Nanoparticle Formation Pathways Using Au(I)–Phosphine Complexes
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.langmuir.6c02684
  17. www.sciencedirect.com www.sciencedirect.com
    Zonated cholesterol sensing by SIRT2 drives MASLD-HCC
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1550413126003670
  18. kalleh.com kalleh.com
    طرز تهیه سالاد با پنیر موزارلا مدیترانه ای به سبک رستورانی
    3
    1. HabibehMajidi 19 Sep 2026
      طرز تهیه سالاد با پنیر موزارلا مدیترانه ای به سبک رستورانی

      اینجا گفتی مدیترانه ای بعد تو پاراگراف اول گفتی ایتالیایی! اینا خیلی مهمه بالاخره مال کجاست. منبع هم نداره این رسپی

    2. HabibehMajidi 19 Sep 2026
      ریحان تازه خیلی سریع تیره و پژمرده می‌شود، به همین دلیل بهتر است آن را با چاقوی تیز خرد نکنید و بیشتر با دست تکه‌تکه کنید. این کار باعث می‌شود عطر ریحان بهتر حفظ شده و ظاهر آن هم تازه‌تر باقی بماند.

      با چیزی که تو مراحل گفتی همخونی نداره این جاش همون بالاست به عنوان یک نکته در همون مرحله

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    kalleh.com/book/
  19. www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
    Des policiers à la fac | Documentaire | ARTE
    1
    1. tanemika 19 Sep 2026

      Analyse Sociologique de l'Institution Policière : Regards de Praticiens

      Ce document de synthèse analyse les thématiques centrales issues des témoignages et des travaux de recherche menés par des fonctionnaires de police (commissaires, officiers, gardiens de la paix et CRS) engagés dans un cursus universitaire en sociologie.

      Il explore la tension entre l'identité institutionnelle, la réalité du terrain et la déconstruction analytique des pratiques professionnelles.

      Résumé Exécutif

      L'immersion de fonctionnaires de police dans la discipline sociologique révèle une fracture profonde entre l'image institutionnelle et la réalité vécue.

      Les principaux enseignements mettent en lumière :

      • Une rupture nécessaire avec le "sens commun" : L'apprentissage du "pas de côté" sociologique oblige les agents à transformer leurs expériences vécues en objets de recherche objectifs, délaissant le "nous" institutionnel pour une analyse critique.

      • Un décalage entre marketing et réalité : L'institution privilégie une image de prestige (unités d'élite) pour le recrutement, au détriment de la valorisation des missions quotidiennes de sécurité publique, souvent plus complexes et éprouvantes.

      • Une souffrance invisible : Derrière l'armure professionnelle et le déni hiérarchique (notamment sur la question du suicide), s'exprime un épuisement professionnel ("ras-le-bol") lié à une perte de sens et à une pression politique axée sur le chiffre.

      • Des enjeux de diversité occultés : Les questions de genre (« femmes patriarchées ») et d'origine sociale (transfuges de classe) créent des tensions internes et des sentiments d'illégitimité au sein même du corps policier.

      I. La Déconstruction du Raisonnement Policier par la Sociologie

      Le passage de l'action policière à l'analyse sociologique impose une transformation radicale de la vision du monde des agents.

      Du Problème Social au Problème Sociologique

      La sociologie ne cherche pas à résoudre les problèmes tels qu'ils sont définis par l'espace politico-médiatique.

      Elle définit ses propres objets de manière autonome.

      • L'autonomie de pensée : Le travail sociologique consiste à déplacer le regard pour sortir des schémas de pensée intégrés ("chevillés au corps").

      • La sociologie comme émancipation : Citant Pierre Bourdieu, les intervenants rappellent que la sociologie est un "sport de combat" utilisé pour se défendre et une voie vers l'émancipation intellectuelle.

      L'Objectivation de l'Expérience Personnelle

      Les policiers sont formés à parler au nom de l'institution ("le nous").

      La sociologie les contraint à utiliser le "je" pour ensuite l'objectiver.

      • La trajectoire individuelle : Une expérience personnelle (ex: être une femme lesbienne ou issue d'un milieu rural dans la police) rencontre des trajectoires collectives.

      • Le pas de côté : Il s'agit de chercher des explications à des sentiments (comme celui d'avoir "mauvaise presse") non pas chez les autres (médias, citoyens), mais au sein même de l'organisation policière.

      II. Identité, Genre et Rapports de Classe

      Le contexte source souligne des tensions internes liées aux origines sociales et au genre des fonctionnaires.

      Le Concept de "Femme Patriarchée"

      Une réflexion est menée sur la place des femmes dans une institution perçue comme masculine, voire masculiniste.

      • Assimilation des codes : Les femmes policières absorberaient les codes et usages de l'institution pour s'y intégrer et se faire accepter.

      • Tensions militantes : Des partenariats avec des associations féministes révèlent la méfiance initiale envers ces "femmes patriarchées" travaillant pour la police.

      Le Transfuge de Classe

      Certains hauts gradés expriment un sentiment d'illégitimité dû à leur origine sociale.

      • Décalage CSP : Un commissaire issu d'un milieu rural évoque la violence des remarques de ses pairs ("Tu n'es qu'une paysanne").

      • Absence de codes : Le sentiment d'être "nulle part chez soi", entre un milieu d'origine modeste et un corps d'encadrement supérieur aux codes très fermés.

      III. Réalités Opérationnelles et Pressions Politiques

      L'analyse met en évidence une distorsion entre les priorités politiques et l'efficacité réelle du travail de terrain.

      La Rationalité du Chiffre vs Enquêtes de Fond

      Les services d'investigation (notamment les stupéfiants) sont soumis à des impératifs de visibilité.

      • Priorisation des réseaux visibles : La hiérarchie impose de cibler les points de deal où les résultats sont "chiffrables" et "vendables" politiquement, au risque de parasiter des enquêtes de longue haleine plus ambitieuses.

      • Écarts de revenus illicites : Une comparaison est établie entre les marchés illégaux : | Type de fraude/trafic | Estimation du chiffre d'affaires annuel | | :--- | :--- | | Fraude et évasion fiscale | 60 à 80 milliards d'euros | | Trafic de drogue | 2 à 4 milliards d'euros |

      Le Marketing d'État

      L'institution est critiquée pour son usage de la communication, transformant parfois les unités (comme la CRS 82) en "outils marketing".

      • Recrutement "rêvé" : On montre des unités d'élite au lieu de la réalité de la "police secours" (gestion de l'ivresse publique, conflits de voisinage).

      • Déni de la réalité : L'incapacité de l'institution à assumer la réalité du métier rend le quotidien des agents difficile à concilier avec leurs motivations initiales de service public.

      IV. L'Usage de la Force et la Relation Police-Population

      La sociologie permet d'interroger la légitimité de la violence et l'évolution des tensions sociales.

      La Violence Légitime et l'Autocontrainte

      • Confusion des rôles : Certains agents considèrent à tort que la violence légitime est à leur "bon vouloir", alors qu'elle appartient à l'institution.

      • Baisse de la tolérance à la violence : On observe une augmentation de l'intolérance à la violence chez les jeunes recrues (qui ne supportent plus d'être visées comme symboles politiques) et chez les manifestants (qui documentent les usages non réglementaires des armes comme le LBD).

      • Vision unilatérale : Dans le maintien de l'ordre, une vision s'impose souvent : le manifestant est perçu comme illégitime, effaçant les opinions personnelles du fonctionnaire au profit de la vision institutionnelle.

      Contrôle Social et Inégalités

      L'analyse des données de condamnation pour usage de stupéfiants révèle des biais systémiques :

      • Les classes moyennes et supérieures consomment davantage, mais les classes populaires sont plus souvent condamnées.

      • Cela s'explique par l'organisation du quadrillage policier et la fréquence des contrôles d'identité dans l'espace public (jusqu'à 20 fois plus de chances d'être contrôlé selon le profil).

      V. Souffrance Institutionnelle et Vulnérabilité

      Un thème récurrent est celui de la "fissure" de l'armure policière face au traumatisme et à l'indifférence hiérarchique.

      La Gestion des Émotions

      • Le masque professionnel : Les policiers doivent contenir leurs émotions sur le terrain pour rester "professionnels".

      • Le besoin de parole : Le chercheur (sociologue) devient parfois un confident inattendu, car il offre une écoute que les collègues ou l'institution ne permettent pas.

      Le Drame du Suicide

      Le suicide est traité de manière incisive comme le symptôme d'une "désespérance" profonde.

      • Le "parapluie de l'irresponsabilité" : La hiérarchie tend à qualifier systématiquement les suicides de "problèmes personnels" pour dégager la responsabilité de l'administration.

      • Abandon institutionnel : Des témoignages font état d'un sentiment d'abandon après des accidents de carrière ou des problèmes de santé, menant à une rupture de confiance envers l'institution.

      Conclusion : La Sociologie comme Outil de Réflexion Professionnelle

      Le document conclut que la démarche sociologique, bien que déstabilisante, est capitale pour l'autonomie des fonctionnaires.

      Elle permet de passer d'un "métier passion" à une compréhension structurelle des dysfonctionnements, offrant ainsi une perspective de changement ou, à défaut, une meilleure connaissance de soi au sein d'un système contraignant.

      La sociologie n'est pas là pour réformer de l'extérieur, mais pour offrir les armes intellectuelles nécessaires à la compréhension de l'humain et de la complexité sociale.

      arte documentaire sociologie forces de l'ordre police 2026 vidéo violence
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    youtube.com/watch
  20. www.info.gov.hk www.info.gov.hk
    《香港第一個五年規劃》和二○二六年《施政報告》記者會答問內容（附圖／短片）
    1
    1. AnitaLi 19 Sep 2026
      「十五五」規劃

      「十五五」即係第十五個五年規劃，主要講國家喺2026年至2030年呢五年，經濟、科技、民生等方面嘅發展方向同目標。

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    info.gov.hk/gia/general/202609/16/P2026091600714.htm
  21. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    PERIPAPILLARY ATROPHY IN STARGARDT DISEASE
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      Case 4A 52-year-old male was examined for declining vision OS over the past few months. He was previously clinically diagnosed with STGD 7 years before presentation. Family history was not significant for ocular disease. Best-corrected visual acuity measured 20/100 OD and 20/70 OS. Spherical refractive error measured −3.00 OD and −3.25 OS. Anterior segment examination was unremarkable and applanation tonometry measured 17 mmHg OD and 14 mmHg OS. Posterior segment examination was significant for central atrophy and classic peripheral pisciform flecks sparing the peripapillary regions OU (Figure 4, A and B). Autofluorescence imaging demonstrated inner atrophic flecks and outer hyperautofluorescent flecks. Moderate peripapillary hypoautofluorescence, but not atrophy, was present, likely secondary to the patient’s myopia (Figure 4, C and D). Genotyping revealed two heterozygous ABCA4 mutations, P1380L and S1696N.Open in a separate windowFig. 4Case 4. STGD mutation IVS40 + 5G>A. A, Color Photo OU. B, Red-Free Photo OU reveal central atrophy and classic peripheral pisciform flecks sparing the peripapillary regions OU. C, Autofluorescence OD. D, Autofluorescence OS show that the innermost flecks are hypoautofluorescent, consistent with atrophy, whereas the outermost flecks are hyperautofluorescent, demonstrating excess lipofuscin. There is moderate peripapillary hypoautofluorescence that is not as dark as this patient’s central atrophy or the peripapillary atrophy of Case 1. This finding may thus be due to the patient’s myopia.

      Case#: Hwang Case 4, male, 52yo at report, 45yo at onset

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt

      FamilyInfo: Family history was not significant for ocular disease.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000545

      CaseHPOFreeText: declining vision OS, BCVA was 20/100 OD and 20/70 OS. Spherical refractive error measured −3.00 OD and −3.25 OS. Posterior segment examination was significant for central atrophy and classic peripheral pisciform flecks sparing the peripapillary regions OU (Figure 4, A and B). Autofluorescence imaging demonstrated inner atrophic flecks and outer hyperautofluorescent flecks. Moderate peripapillary hypoautofluorescence, but not atrophy, was present (Figure 4, C and D).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0500087

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      GenotypingMethod: Genotyping was performed by the ABCR400 microarray followed by direct sequencing to confirm identified variants.

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: P1380L and S1696N

      ClinVar: 7904

      CAID: CA129033

      SupplementalData: n/a

      ClinVarID: 7904 CA129033 CaseInfo Individual inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2743754/
  22. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Mutations of the retinal specific ATP binding transporter gene (ABCR) in a single family segregating both autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa RP19 and Stargardt disease: evidence of clinical heterogeneity at this locus
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      Mutations of the retinal specific ATP binding transporter gene (ABCR) in a single family segregating both autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa RP19 and Stargardt disease: evidence of clinical heterogeneity at this locus

      PMID: 10874631

      Gene: ABCA4

      HGNC ID: 34

      Case#: patient 34, female

      DiseaseAssertion: STGD

      FamilyInfo: paternal first cousin with RP19, healthy father heterozygous for 1938-1 G>A splice mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007663, HP:0000608, HP:0000603,

      CaseHPOFreeText: yellowish flecks

      Genotyping Method: PRISMTM Ready Reaction Sequencing Kit on an automatic fluorometric DNA sequencer

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      Variant: NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.1938-1G>A

      ClinVar: 99106 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/99106/?term=%22ABCA4%22%5BGENE%5D+AND+%22(c.1938-1G%3EA)%22%5BVARNAME%5D

      gnomAD: 0.000002488 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/1-94060760-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r4

      General ABCA4 HGNC:34 PMID:10874631 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:hgnc_tag ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC1734380/
  23. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Detailed genetic characteristics of an international large cohort of patients with Stargardt disease: ProgStar study report 8
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      Supplementary data. bjophthalmol-2018-312064supp004.pdf

      This variant is found on pg 11 in proband 18034. Compound heterozygous for c.2588G>C p.Gly863Ala. Said to have Stargardt based on the following criteria: "(1) patients (at least 6 years old) with at least two ABCA4 variants or one ABCA4 variant associated with a typical STGD1 phenotype and (2) presence of a well-defined atrophic lesion with/without flecks at the most recent visit of at least 300 µm in diameter (the total area of all lesions <12 mm2)." No additional details provided

      CaseInfo Individual ClinVarID: 99455 CA227399 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6579578/
  24. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    Longitudinal follow-up of siblings with a discordant Stargardt disease phenotype
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      Patient 1 is 44 years old and presented in 1991 aged 23 with deteriorating central vision and visual acuity (VA) of 6/36 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left. Fundus photography in 1994 identified bilateral numerous yellowish-white flecks at the posterior pole (Fig. 1). In 2003, her VA was 6/60 in each eye, with bilateral macular atrophy surrounded by flecks (Fig. 1). Autofluorescence (AF) imaging in 2005 detected a localized low signal at the macula with numerous foci of abnormal signal (Fig. 1). By 2008, the macular atrophy had enlarged and flecks were less apparent.

      Case#: Female, age 44 years old

      DiseaseAssertion: Discordant STGD phenotype

      FamilyInfo: Information revolving the sister of this patient is given as well as they both have a discordant STGD phenotype. Additionally, it mentions that the parents each harboured a mutation but were asymptomatic/had normal examination results.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001141, HP:0007401, HP:0030602

      CaseHPOFreeText: At 23 central vision was deteriorating and patient had a VA of 6/36 in the right eye and 6/60 in the left. Through fundus photography, bilateral yellow/white flecks were found at the posterior pole. 12 years later, her VA was retested and it was 6/60 in both eyes. After autofluorescnece (AF) imaging was done, there was localized low signal at the macula found with abnromal foci. In 2008 her macular atrophy had enlarged and the flecks were less apparent.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/a

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: In this article there was not a phenotype presented that was normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: It mentioned that there were two previously reported variants on the same allele detected in the siblings and one unique novel variant on the second allele for this patient. However, the testing they used was not listed, it just stated that the variants were found through sequencing. For this patient the variants were p.L541P/p.A1038V and p.R881C.

      GenotypingMethod: Just mentioned sequencing and ABCA4 screening to look for two variants p.L541V and p.A1038V and a third novel variant p.R881C.

      PreviouslyPublished: N/a

      Variant: 1) NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.1622T>C (p.Leu541Pro) 2) NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.3113C>T (p.Ala1038Val) 3) N/a

      ClinVar ID: 1) 99067 2) 7894 3) N/a

      **CAID: ** 3) Because there was not a reference or alternate allele provided in this article I was unable to find a CAID for p.R881C.

      gnomAD: 1) Highest minor allele frequency was 0.00017 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/99067/) 2) Highest minor allele frequency was 0.00188 (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/7894/) 3) N/a

      SupplementalData: Figure 1 had information regarding imaging and other testing done on the patient that is vital for phenotypic characterization. Also, it mentions a variant known as p.R881C, but was unable to find anything on ClinVar or gnomAD.

      Gene:ABCA4 HGNC:34 InheritancePattern:AutosomalRecessive (6)DiseaseEntity:STGD1 AlleleOrigin:Somatic Zygosity:CompoundHeterozygous (17)DecreasedCentralVA (1)MacularFlecks (2)FundusAutofluorescence (13) MacularAtrophy FamilyInfo inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:hgnc_tag ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aos.12280
  25. www.ajo.com www.ajo.com
    mmc1.pdf
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ajo.com/cms/10.1016/j.ajo.2020.06.027/attachment/2c3c8baa-ae3a-4cb6-a3ad-ae429569a986/mmc1.pdf
  26. journals.sagepub.com journals.sagepub.com
    Novel ABCA4 mutation leads to loss of a conserved C-terminal motif: implications for predicting pathogenicity based on genetic testing - Nutsuchar Wangtiraumnuay, Jenina Capasso, Mai Tsukikawa, Alex Levin, Esther Biswas-Fiss, 2018
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      We report an 11-year-old girl

      Case#: 11 year old female

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt’s Disease

      ParentalTesting: She was the product of an uncomplicated pregnancy born to a healthy Filipino mother and Italian/Irish father with no known family history of ocular disease. The mother and father were asymptomatic but not examined. Segregation analyses showed that both parents are asymptomatic carriers.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0007754, HP:0011462, HP:0008035

      CasePhenotypeFreeText: The ABCA4 gene, when mutated, results in a spectrum of retinal degeneration, including Stargardt macular dystrophy, fundus flavimaculatus, autosomal recessive retinitis pigmentosa, and cone-rod dystrophy (1). Over 800 disease-associated ABCA4 gene mutations have been reported.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotPhenotypeFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: The proband underwent a full consultative ophthalmic examination at the Ocular Genetics Clinic at Wills Eye Hospital, including visual acuity, slit-lamp, and dilated fundus examination. Fundus autofluorescence and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (Spectralis; Heidelberg Engineering), Goldmann visual field (Octopus 900 perimeter; Haag-Streit International), and intravenous fluorescein angiography were obtained. Full-field electroretinogram (Espion; Diagnosys LLC) and multifocal electroretinogram (Veris V.6.4.3; EDI Inc.) were performed in accordance with the International Society of Clinical Electrophysiology and Vision standards. Best-corrected visual acuity was 20/125 in the right eye and 20/200 in the left eye. The patient demonstrated eccentric fixation. Pupillary responses were normal. Slit-lamp examination was normal. Fundus examination revealed healthy optic nerves and retinal blood vessels, bilateral macular geographic pigmentary stippling with subretinal flecks in and around this area, and a blunted internal limiting membrane reflex (Fig. 1). Peripheral retina was normal.

      GenotypingMethod: Genotyping microarray chips for ABCA4 can identify >98% of the most common mutations. In this report, we describe 2 novel ABCA4 variants in a patient with Stargardt disease. Bioinformatic and in silico analysis of the functional consequences of these variants provided compelling evidence for pathogenicity.

      Variant: c.850_857delATTCAAGA and c.6184_6187delGTCT

      CAID: CA10604079 and CA10604078

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      AdditionalInfo: Bioinformatic assessment of the c.850_857delATTCAAGA mutation showed that it resulted in a truncated 317 amino acid polypeptide, devoid of several essential domains of the ABCA4 transporter. The c.6184_6187delGTCT mutation led to a premature stop codon at the C-terminal end of the protein, resulting in a loss of a total of 161 amino acid residues. Although less than 7% of the protein was absent, the important VFVNFA motif, present within the last 30 amino acids of the NBD2 domain, was deleted (Fig. 2). This motif is known to be critical to ABCA4 protein function, is highly conserved among members of the ABCA transporter subfamily, and has also been linked to Tangier disease in the ABCA1 protein (9). Removal of this motif in ABCA4 leads to a loss of retinal stimulated ATPase in vitro and energy transduction of the transporter (9, 10). Protein modeling predicted a loss of an essential β-sheet, which significantly altered its structure. The NBD domains are sites of ATP hydrolysis that provide energy for transport of R-PE through rod outer segment membranes. Enzymatic studies suggest that the NBD2 domain in particular provides energy necessary for translocation of retinal derivatives generated in the visual cycle. The structural changes in NBD2 would affect ABCA4 transporter’s ability to transport retinoids, leading to accumulation of cytotoxic lipofuscin in RPE cells and ultimately photoreceptor cell death.

      Gene:ABCA4 DiseaseAssertion:Starghardt'sDisease FundusFlavimaculatus ConeRodDystrophy Zygosity:CompoundHeterozygous HGNC:34 AdditionalInfo CAID:CA10604078 CAID:CA10604079 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:hgnc_tag ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.5301/ejo.5001019
  27. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Application of targeted exome and whole-exome sequencing for Chinese families with Stargardt disease
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      A cohort of 12 unrelated STGD families diagnosed on the basis of clinical manifestations underwent analysis by targeted exome or whole-exome sequencing. Bioinformatics analysis, Sanger sequencing, and cosegregation analysis of available family members were used to validate sequencing data and confirm the presence of disease-causing genes. Results: Using targeted exome and whole-exome sequencing, we found that eight families had disease-causing variants in the ABCA4 gene, one family had only one heterozygous variant in the ABCA4 gene, and the remaining three families have not been identified with any disease-causing variants for STGD. We identified 15 variants in the ABCA4 gene; of these, five variants have not been previously described for STGD.

      Unable to annotate on PDF, so annotating here.

      Case#: Proband #4, male, Chinese, onset at 12yo

      DiseaseAssertion: stargardt

      FamilyInfo: parents are deceased, so phase is unknown. daughter is an unaffected carrier of this variant

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0025147, HP:0011507, HP:0000608

      CaseHPOFreeText: BCVA=0.3/CF, mean retinal nerve fiber layer(µm)=167/154, Visual field(mean deviation)= 7.52/NA, fundus fluorescein angiography=type C (a pattern of speckled hypofluorescence and hyperfluorescence without central hypofluorescence)

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: c.6289C > T p.(Pro2097Ser); c.4720G > T p.(Glu1574*) on targeted exome sequencing or WES

      ClinVar: 2202780; 1460063

      CAID: CA341277622; CA341283936

      SupplementalData: n/a

      CaseInfo Individual ClinVarID: 2202780 CA341277622 ClinVarID: 1460063 CA341283936 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31674661/
  28. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Personalized genetic counseling for Stargardt disease: Offspring risk estimates based on variant severity
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8948157/
  29. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    From the Cover: Worldwide carrier frequency and genetic prevalence of autosomal recessive inherited retinal diseases
    2
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      To determine the overall CF for all AR-IRD–causing mutations in different subpopulations, we initially calculated CF for each of the 10,044 likely pathogenic variants in each subpopulation (SI Appendix, Tables S2 and S3).

      This variant is found in Supplemental Table S3, but this table lists frequencies and does not give case information

      NoEvidence SupplementalTable CA341283936 ClinVarID: 1460063 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    2. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      To determine the overall CF for all AR-IRD–causing mutations in different subpopulations, we initially calculated CF for each of the 10,044 likely pathogenic variants in each subpopulation (SI Appendix, Tables S2 and S3).

      This variant is found in Supplemental Table S3, but this table lists frequencies and does not give case information

      SupplementalTable NoEvidence CA227399 ClinVarID: 99455 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7007541/
  30. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Novel ABCA4 compound heterozygous mutations cause severe progressive autosomal recessive cone-rod dystrophy presenting as Stargardt disease
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      The proband

      Case#: two affected sisters

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt Disease

      FamilyInfo: compound heterozygotes for the mutations. Unaffected family members did not carry either or had one of the two mutations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: NR

      CaseHPOFreeText: NR

      CaseNotHPOs: NR

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NR

      Genotyping Method: ABCA4 408 microsatellite

      PreviouslyPublished: NR

      Variant: NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.5018+2T>C , NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.655A>T

      ClinVar: 265008, 632118

      CAID: CA10588304, CA645372240

      SupplementalData: NR

      ClinVar: 265008 Variant: c.655A>T, c.5312+3A>T inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2665199/
  31. www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.lib.unc.edu www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.lib.unc.edu
    Comprehensive genetic analysis reveals the mutational landscape of ABCA4-associated retinal dystrophy in a Chinese cohort
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      We identified 255 patients (87.9 %) harboring biallelic ABCA4 variants, 27 probands (9.3 %) with two or three variants but lacking familial segregation analysis, and eight patients (2.8 %) with monoallelic ABCA4 variants (Supplemental Table S4). We detected 268 distinct ABCA4 variants, consisting of 114 missense, 35 nonsense, 34 frameshift deletion or insertion, 31 canonical splice variants, 13 noncanonical splice site variants, 9 in-frame deletion or insertion, 9 DIVs, 4 structural variations, and 19 complex variants (Fig. 2).

      Case#: Patient#010455, Chinese, male, 18yo at onset

      DiseaseAssertion: stargardt

      FamilyInfo: n/a

      CasePresentingHPOs: STGD1 diagnosis based on the following criteria: "a bilateral central vision defect; fundus displaying a beaten-bronze appearance and/or orange-yellow flecks in the retina from the macula to the midperiphery; fluorescein angiography presenting with a typical dark choroid; and normal to subnormal ERG results." BCVA=0.01/ 0.01

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: p.P2097S; c.4906_4908del p.(Asn1636del) phase unknown

      ClinVar: 2202780;

      CAID: CA341277622;

      SupplementalData: supplementary table S4 has phenotype information

      CaseInfo Individual CA341277622 ClinVarID: 2202780 SupplementalTable inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    www-sciencedirect-com.libproxy.lib.unc.edu/science/article/pii/S037811192300673X
  32. onlinelibrary.wiley.com onlinelibrary.wiley.com
    Fine central macular dots associated with childhood-onset Stargardt Disease
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/aos.12259
  33. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Novel mutations in c2orf71 causing an early onset form of cone-rod dystrophy: A molecular diagnosis after 20 years of clinical follow-up
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      a 45-year-old man

      Case#: a 45-year-old man from Sardinia, Italy

      DiseaseAssertion: Cone rod dystrophy

      FamilyInfo: Five members, this patient is the only one affected by CRD

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000505, HP:0007663, HP:0000603, HP:0001123, HP:0000608, HP:0007401, HP:0011504, HP:0000548, HP:0030329, HP:0000543

      CaseHPOFreeText: 1998: Subacute central vision loss in both eyes, choroidal and RPE atrophy surrounding left fovea and small white patches of atrophy around right fovea. Pale appearance of optic disc in both eyes. Punctate retinal pigment epitheliopathy observed bilaterally in midperipheral retina, hyperfluorescent macular regions suggesting bull's eye maculopathy. Paracentral ring scotoma, surrounded by a relative annular scotoma, early and predominant involvement of photopic over scotopic responses; 2018: BCVA was bilateral light perception with visual field extinction. FAF showed a central round area of decreased autofluorescence corresponding to area of macular atrophy, surrounded by an area of relatively increased autofluorescence. Several roundish areas of reduced autofluorescence in midperipheral retina. Severe macular atrophy surrounded by a ring of preserved RPE in both eyes. Sparse pigmentary deposits in midperipheral retina of both eyes. Severe bilateral retinal thinning with disappearance of external retinal layers. Outer retina tubulations

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0025148

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No pigment deposits on optic disc, no dark choroid

      Genotyping Method: Candidate gene approach on ABCA4 followed by whole exome sequencing

      PreviouslyPublished: NR

      Variant: NM_000350, c.4535C>G, p.P1512R

      ClinVar: 99291

      CAID: CA227203

      SupplementalData: Patient's healthy brother showed the same molecular condition for ABCA4. Patient also has 2 novel frameshift mutations in C2orf71.

      InheritancePattern:AutosomalRecessive Zygosity:Heterozygous DiseaseEntity:Cone-rod-dystrophy Mutation:Missense CAID:CA227203 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6887784/
  34. pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Whole exome sequencing detects homozygosity for ABCA4 p.Arg602Trp missense mutation in a pediatric patient with rapidly progressive retinal dystrophy
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      An eight year-old Hispanic female

      Case#: An 8-year old Hispanic female

      DiseaseAssertion: Whole exome sequencing identified a homozygous ABCA4 missense variant (p.Arg602Trp) that has been identified as a Stargardt Disease mutation

      FamilyInfo: consanguinity, her parents being first cousins, no family history of blindness. Familial cosegregation analysis was used, with both parents being heterozygous carriers.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000529, HP:0000662, HP:0000556, HP:0002017,HP:0008046, HP:0031528, HP:0003678

      CaseHPOFreeText: rapidly progressive vision loss, nyctalopia and retinal dystrophy, bilateral decreased vision following a febrile gastrointestinal illness with nausea and vomiting, Initial visual acuity was 20/60 at distance and 20/30 at near in both eyes, after 2 years visual acuities of 20/200 at distance in both eyes, attenuated vessels and multiple subretinal blister-like elevations, Cycloplegic retinoscopy detected very mild hyperopia and astigmatism in both eyes (OD: + 1.00 sphere + 1.00 cylinder axis 110 degrees; OS: + 0.75 sphere + 0.50 cylinder axis 60 degrees)

      CaseNotHPOs: NR

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: no evidence of a diffuse post-infectious/inflammatory process

      Genotyping Method: DNA analysis by whole exomic sequencing

      PreviouslyPublished: No

      Variant: NM_000350.3:c.1804C>T

      ClinVar:99084

      CAID:CA226932

      SupplementalData:

      DiseaseEntity:IRD Zygosity:Homozygous FamilyInfo ClinVarID:99084 CAID:CA226932 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24444108/
  35. www.gimjournal.org www.gimjournal.org
    Resolving the dark matter of ABCA4 for 1054 Stargardt disease probands through integrated genomics and transcriptomics
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    gimjournal.org/article/S1098-3600(21)01183-7/fulltext
  36. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    CLINICAL CHARACTERIZATION OF STARGARDT DISEASE PATIENTS WITH THE p.N1868I ABCA4 MUTATION
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      son (the proband of Family #3, pedigree in Figure 1C)

      Case#: Male, Family#3, Proband M1, M2: II,1 on pedigree

      DiseaseAssertion: STGD

      FamilyInfo: mother of proband has p.N18681 and p.P1380L mutations and is asymptomatic with no changes to NIR-AF and SD-OCT. Treated with 400mg of hydroxychloroquine for lupus prior to imaging. Non-affected father.

      CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0007663, HP:0000493

      CaseHPOFreeText: Proband has reduced visual acuity and issues reading with BCVA 20/200 in R.E and 20/50-2 in L.E. Oval foveal lesions with stage 2 flecks. Visual acuity reducing starting at age 10.

      CaseNotHPOs: n/a

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: n/a

      Genotyping Method: Genotyping performed at Columbia University, sequencing technology used is not disclosed.

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: M1:p.P1380L, complex allele: M2: p.N18681 and IVS38:c.5461-10T>C. M3: c.4139C>T(p.P1380L)

      ClinVar: M1) 99390 M2) 99067 M3) Variation ID: 7904

      CAID: n/a

      SupplementalData: Fig 1: Pedigree illustrating ABCA4 variants and the associated Stargardt phenotype for 5 families. Proband Labeled w/ white arrow for each family. Fig 2: retinal scan measuring melanin in 4 patients of family 2. Panel shows bull's-eye ring of RPE atropy. Fig 3: Macular SD-OCT line profile from b-scans. Reflectivity plotted against function of retinal depth. Table 1: table shows patients with p.N18681 variant, type of mutation, and pathogenicity class. Table 2: Patients, age on-set and first symptom

      Gene: ABCA4 HGNC: 34 InheritancePattern: autosomal recessive AllelicOrigin: Somatic Zygosity: CompoundHeterozygous FamilyInfo inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:Gene_Name ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC6548695/
  37. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Subretinal Fibrosis in Stargardt's Disease with Fundus Flavimaculatus and ABCA4 Gene Mutation
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      Case 1

      Case#: Case1, Sex:Female, Age:35

      DiseaseAssertion: STGD

      FamilyInfo: n/a

      CasePresentingHPOs: n/a

      CaseHPOFreeText: Clinical Notes: the patient reported an ocular trauma in the right eye, which required hospitalization and caused sudden loss of vision at the age of 9 years. In 1998, at our first observation, visual acuity was 20/1,000 in the right eye and 20/600 in the left eye.

      CaseNotHPOs:n/a

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: n/a

      Genotyping Method: genetic analysis

      PreviouslyPublished: n/a

      Variant: Variant is a heterozygous mutation given as (N965S/G1961E); NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.2894A>G (p.Asn965Ser) /NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.5882G>A (p.Gly1961Glu)

      ClinVar: Variation ID: 236096 / Variation ID: 7888

      SupplementalData: n/a

      Gene:ABCA4 HGNC:34 PMID:3341817 ClinVarID:236096 UnregisteredVariant DiseaseEntity:STGD1 Zygosity:Heterozygous inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:hgnc_tag ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC3551412/
  38. pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Novel compound heterozygous mutations in ABCA4 in a Chinese pedigree with Stargardt disease
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5204459/
  39. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
    Predicting Progression of ABCA4-Associated Retinal Degenerations Based on Longitudinal Measurements of the Leading Disease Front
    1
    1. Vibhor 19 Sep 2026
      the model would predict foveal disease in the first decade of life for three alleles (P68L;G1961E, L541P;A1038V, and T1019M)

      Case#: Cideciyan Case #86, male, 20.5yo at report

      DiseaseAssertion: "clinical diagnosis within the spectrum of Stargardt disease or cone–rod dystrophy caused by ABCA4 mutations."

      FamilyInfo: Parental segregation of the reported alleles confirmed. P87 is the proband's sibling, affected, same genotype

      CasePresentingHPOs:

      CaseHPOFreeText: LDF eccentricity along principal meridians [deg]: superior=16.9, inferior=11.7, temporal=18.9, inner nasal=9.6, outer nasal=18.9

      CaseNotHPOs:

      CaseNotHPOFreeText:

      GenotypingMethod: NGS

      PreviouslyPublished: PMID: 24550365

      Variant: c.203 C>T p.Pro68Leuc.5882 G>A p.(Gly1961Glu); c.5882 G>A p.(Gly1961Glu). Phase confirmed.

      ClinVar: 99113

      CAID: CA226972

      SupplementalData: table s1

      CaseInfo Individual SupplementalTable ClinVarID: 99113 CA226972 inferred_gene_hgnc:34 inferred_gene_source:CAID ClinGen ABCA4 Annotations
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4572941/
  40. search.brave.com search.brave.com
    Brave Search
    2
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    search.brave.com/search
  41. lawphil.net lawphil.net
    R.A. 386
    1
    1. romeopateno 19 Sep 2026
      An accepted unilateral promise to buy or to sell a determinate thing for a price certain is binding upon the promisor if the promise is supported by a consideration distinct from the price.

      Binding only when the consideration is distinct from the purchase price.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
  42. human.libretexts.org human.libretexts.org
    2.2: Types of Claims to Look out for
    2
    1. nysalichau 19 Sep 2026
      Raising the minimum wage will force many small businesses to lay off workers.

      I don't really see this as a reason not to raise minimum wage. Wouldn't this be a small consequence compared to workers needing to work multiple jobs to make ends meet?

    2. nysalichau 19 Sep 2026
      _____________is mediocre/average/decent/acceptable.

      Claims of Value seems to be having an opinion, which makes sense why it is so easy to spot. An example would be: "Human rights are more important than border security."

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    human.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Composition/Advanced_Composition/How_Arguments_Work_-_A_Guide_to_Writing_and_Analyzing_Texts_in_College_(Mills)/02:_Reading_to_Figure_out_the_Argument/2.02:_Types_of_Claims_to_Look_out_for
  43. spada.uns.ac.id spada.uns.ac.id
    9780321786555.pdf
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    spada.uns.ac.id/pluginfile.php/221008/mod_resource/content/1/ProbabilityStatistics_for_EngineersScientists(9th_Edition)_Walpole.pdf
  44. hypothes.is hypothes.is
    Hypothesis
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    hypothes.is/welcome/93a447e023bb2db5
  45. new.contest.yandex.ru new.contest.yandex.ru
    H. Strategy tetris — Тренировки 10.0 - 2.3. Реализация кучи
    1
    1. devilboi 19 Sep 2026

      Как будто не важен порядок того как мы их положим. в любом случае если плитка способна занять уровень так, что не одна другая не займёт - она займет.

      но можно найти минимальные по ширине и как-то так сделать.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    new.contest.yandex.ru/contests/97110/problems
  46. journals.plos.org journals.plos.org
    pone.0012776 1..10
    1
    1. lucasalopz 19 Sep 2026
      When no priorknowledge is available about transcription factors, our results onthe E. coli network were however not better than random gue

      how do the results of the other models compare when there are no priors.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    journals.plos.org/plosone/article/file
  47. www.alfredapp.com www.alfredapp.com
    Script Filter JSON Format - Alfred Help and Support
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    alfredapp.com/help/workflows/inputs/script-filter/json/
  48. www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
    Qyx High Speed Typewriter Commercial 1980
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    youtube.com/watch
  49. lithub.com lithub.com
    Balancing Bollywood Inspiration with American Expectations
    1
    1. tyriquedetter 19 Sep 2026
      There are only two white people in my book, and it’s an even split between queer and straight people

      This is the authors way of giving attention to the minorities and groups that are often ignored. By only having two white characters in a book as a whole, it allows a group of people that has forced dominance to take a step aside so proper representation can happen. In addition to this, by making one of them queer, it forces the majority to then become the minority.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    lithub.com/balancing-bollywood-inspiration-with-american-expecations/
  50. www.cbc.ca www.cbc.ca
    In the age of AI, how do we teach young people to think critically? | CBC News
    4
    1. Josee_VanderByl 19 Sep 2026
      "What we need to look at is their commitment to scientific inquiry, their engagement with the process. And if they get the right answer at the end and it's two marks out of 40, that's great. But if they lose those two marks, it's not actually the point of the lab. The point was to do the entire process."

      I think social media has fostered a culture of being afraid of failure and wanting to be successful right away. This culture is targeted at a younger demographic with TikToks on how to be successful by your 20s or how to get results instantly. This can create a school environment where children are scared to do the work because they don't want to fail. As Ausman mentions, shifting the narrative in the case of school projects and labs, the journey to understand the material comes first and the results come second.

    2. Josee_VanderByl 19 Sep 2026
      Learning "is meant to be somewhat arduous. It's meant to make you grapple with difficult information, words you don't know, things you have to look up... I'm asking [students] to slow down a little," she said.

      Slowing down is becoming harder within a world trying to make everything instant. I agree with what Ausman is saying in which the learning experience is not a fast or instant and meant to make you stop. A.I is able to easily take that away, and while working with children I recognized that they would get easily frustrated when not knowing something and would give up easily. Though this isn't the case for every child and it's not solely the fault of A.I, it can be a multitude of reasons but I would see where some frustration would come from not getting something quickly. This isn't something i saw exclusly in younger children either, when training teenagers for a summer position, if something stumped them for an activity or for a group discussion they either gave up on the activity or the went on their phones and google the answer instead of working together to figure out the answer. I think slowing down is a crucial step in learning how to be adaptive with an instant world.

    3. Josee_VanderByl 19 Sep 2026
      Participants this summer expressed shock at what the AI generated: pleasing displays at first glance that, upon deeper inspection, reveal fabricated book titles, gibberish language, incorrect details, photos that weren't of their chosen authors and images that reinforced ethnic or racial stereotypes.

      I think we are led to believe to accept what A.I generates without a second look over. In most ads and marketing done on generative A.I, there is no mention of double checking the picture. It's marketed as quick, easy, and one upload and you're done. This creates the habbit of not looking into what A.I has generated for you, which can lead to incorrect details like the article mentioned. On Chatgpt, the warning about how it can make mistakes and the need to always double-check is written in small text that is easily overlooked. On top of that, A.I. images do have a certain "look" but without a trained eye, it can be difficult to tell which images are misleading or outright wrong. Having these types of exercise of looking deeper into these images can be beneficial in helping the younger generation spot these A.I. images and creating space to think critically about what they are seeing.

    4. Josee_VanderByl 19 Sep 2026
      The goal is to instill "a healthy skepticism," so students are less likely to dismiss sources of information that differ from their own point of view as "fake news."

      I think with the rise of social media and how A.I is growing in bettering its responses and representation of things, having the ability to stop and question what is in front of you is showing its importance in classrooms. I see a lot of comments under A.I news or news in general about how "Google is free" and to make the effort to see if what you are seeing is real, but not many people take that extra step to fact-check. The option to just scroll past and accept what is in front of the viewer is way too easy, and this "healthy skepticism" is a goal that is more important than ever to instill in our youth.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    cbc.ca/news/canada/students-critical-thinking-9.7278042
  51. zh.wikisource.org zh.wikisource.org
    江湖叢談/第一編 - 维基文库，自由的图书馆
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    zh.wikisource.org/wiki/江湖叢談/第一編
  52. bookshelf.vitalsource.com bookshelf.vitalsource.com
    Writing about Writing
    28
    1. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      . The scarring of the past need not continue in the future — a future which will be determined not just by administrators but by brave students who speak out and start making a difference.
      • the conclusion shifts from the authors personal experiences to the possibility of changing the system for future students
    2. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      The following year, things did end up changing at CSUSB, due in part to the implementation of a new initiative, directed self-placement (DSP), which gave students the opportunity to choose their own English placement.

      ! Their research did more than earn a grade; it allowed them to challenge an institution

    3. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      challenge administrators and faculty to label students accurately: as writers.
      • One of the authors’ biggest arguments: writers are always developing, so one negative label should not define them.
    4. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      So we began writing, hoping to someday publish our work. That was our rebellion against the unfair label.

      Demonstrates the idea that writing can be used to take action and create change

    5. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      And then we proposed and presented a session at the 2013 Conference on College Composition and Communication (CCCC), where the audience response encouraged us to reach farther with our ideas.

      ! Their accomplishments directly challenge the assumptions that they were incapable writers

    6. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      However, all the work we read was written by professors and other scholars, not by students who have actually lived with the stigma of being labeled remedial
      • The authors want students themselves to have a voice in the discussion about remediation
    7. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      the remedial label affected my identity formation in that the university’s doubt whether I was a “real” college student weakened my own sense of identity and belonging as a college student

      ! This makes negative labeling especially important because first-year students are still developing their sense of who they are.

    8. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      Reading Brandt helped us reflect on our sponsors.
      • Connects the university to Brandt: universities and teachers can act as literacy sponsors because they influence how students develop as writers
    9. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      Student portraits when we do get them are too often profiles of failure rather than of people with dynamic mental lives.

      The outside research supports the students’ argument that institutions often create incomplete pictures of struggling students.

    10. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      I learned that EPT scores like mine result in students being unjustly labeled and prejudged prior to stepping foot inside a classroom of the university

      *Supports the argument that one test result can create assumptions before professors see what a student can actually do

    11. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      we wanted to do a paper on the topic of “remediation” for our term paper. I thought if I was going to prove that I wasn’t a remedial student, I would need to interview as many students, professors, and administrators that were directly associated with the label as I could, so I did just that

      Their argument becomes stronger because they move beyond personal experience and investigate the system itself

    12. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      we decided that we needed to look beyond our own experiences to the work of those we were now describing as “other scholars.”
      • Their personal confusion becomes the reason for concluding research
    14. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      why over half of Cal State students were being labeled remedial, why the majority of the students who are defined as remedial are minorities

      ? This raises an issue about whether the placement system affects certain groups disproportionately

    15. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      this class would be no different from the English class that any incoming college students take, except that our class was stretched over a longer span.

      ! Needing additional time does not mean someone is incapable of college-level work

    16. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      I no longer felt that my essay was controlling me. I knew what I wanted to say, and I knew how to translate it into my paper; I controlled what I wrote.

      *The challenging work actually increased her confidence instead of proving that she was academically deficient

    17. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      The term remedial implies that we are not at the college level, but in my “remedial” class all we ever did from the first day was college-level work.

      ? If the work is college level, what actually makes the students “remedial”

    18. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      I was shocked when our professor did not hand out a grammar book and start teaching us how to construct sentences or how to properly use a comma. Instead she began by having us read scholarly journals and think critically about them.
      • their classroom experience does not match the university’s idea of what remedial students are capable of doing
    20. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      She never treated us like remedial students. She believed in us and knew from the beginning that we had a lot of potential
      • The professor’s expectations helped the students see themselves differently
    21. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      I was shocked when I started reading the syllabus. I thought it would have a lot of grammar lessons or basic instructions on how to do an essay, but it didn’t. It had a lot of reading passages and articles by scholars like Michel Foucault, Peter Elbow, James Paul Gee, and many more.

      ! She expected easy remedial work, but the course immediately challenged that stereotype

    22. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      we all had plenty of people to tell us that we were remedial and exactly what that meant: not-good, fake, damaged, unlikely to succeed. We were embarrassed; we felt marginal, inferior, and alienated.

      *This summarizes the main impact that the language of remediation had on the students

    23. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      He said, “When you place in remedial it means that you have to take extra English classes in order to be considered a ‘real college student.’” That shocked me because I had worked so hard to get into a university, only to find out that I was not a “real college student” after all.
      • Calling someone not a “real” student creates an unnecessary division between students.
    24. Brooklynlupinacci 19 Sep 2026
      It’s been three years since I was labeled, and I’ve accomplished so much during that time. However, despite my accomplishments, the label still stings as much as it did at first.

      ! This shows that a label can continue affecting someone long after the label was given

    27. Brooklynlupinacci 18 Sep 2026
      Based on our EPT scores, we five FYW students were categorized as remedial.

      *A test score determined how the university viewed these students before considering their actual experiences or abilities as writers.

    28. Brooklynlupinacci 18 Sep 2026
      50–80% of first-year students enrolled on its twenty-three campuses as remedial writers, although sometimes using the label “not yet proficient.” English departments have resisted these categories in various ways, and now most of them have adopted local enactments of what Arizona State University calls “stretch” programs (Glau) in which students do substantive text work that is not, and is not named, remedial.

      ! That percentage is surprisingly high. It shows how many students can receive a “remedial” label even when universities no longer offer remedial English.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    bookshelf.vitalsource.com/reader/books/9781319486518
  53. darioamodei.com darioamodei.com
    Dario Amodei — We Must Pace the Frontier
    1
    1. BenjaminBailey10 19 Sep 2026
      To be clear, pacing does not mean halting model training or technical progress, but ensuring companies take adequate time to align and safeguard their models, and for third party evaluators to confirm this. Our pacing framework is an attempt to further strengthen our commitment to safety and encourage a race to the top.

      Looking at this through the utilitarian lens, this selection of sentences shows exactly what someone following the utilitarian ethical framework should be prioritizing. They are trying to manage the risks and negatives of AI while taking advantage of the benefits, which only get more pronounced when AI technology is developed further. Now this is definitely the "best case scenario" if something like this actually works, but it is exactly the path forward if someone wants to manage the risks of AI.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    darioamodei.com/post/we-must-pace-the-frontier
  54. hypothes.is hypothes.is
    Hypothesis
    1
    1. Adelacruz52523 19 Sep 2026

      The Writing Process

      Surprise: The children stop playing and watch the lottery like it is normal. This surprised me because they are used to the tradition and don’t seem scared of it.

      Important: The black box is old and worn, but the villagers still use it. This is important because it shows how long the lottery tradition has been around.

      Confusing: Tessie Hutchinson gets chosen even though she was part of the lottery. This confused me because the villagers were okay with the lottery until Tessie was the one chosen.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    hypothes.is/welcome/3668db89b09cc411
  55. www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
    More about typewriter force curves and objectively analyzing a typewriter's touch and kinematics
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/10opbhf/more_about_typewriter_force_curves_and/
  56. www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
    Typewriter force curves, bellcrank classification, and velocity curves
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    youtube.com/watch
  57. www.reddit.com www.reddit.com
    Typing in Business Class
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    reddit.com/r/typewriters/comments/1wjiad7/typing_in_business_class/
  58. s3.amazonaws.com s3.amazonaws.com
    Microsoft Word - Gonzalez Final - Gonzalez Final.pdf
    13
    4. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      Unless states address the major gap between the emissions reductions pledged and what is required to avert catastrophic climate change, the world will experience one of the greatest waves of migration and displacement in modern history.

      The gap has not been adressed in the last 7 years; so this is essentially the issue we are/will confront

    8. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      human rights

      There are critiques to the priority of human rights from social science (cultural relativity), ethical philosophy (obligations vs rights; Weil, Levinas), science studies (decentering of the human subject), among others

    9. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      the Global North is responsible for the vast majority of historic greenhouse gas emissions

      Current discourse ("people are saying") has it that China's up and coming economic development includes more sustainable elements such as electric vehicles and renewable energy. Curious if anyone has deeper knowledge of this.

    10. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      disproportionate impact of climate change on African Americans

      Does this fit with an Afro-pessimist framing of the disposability and fungibility of Black bodies (Hartman, Wilderson)?

    11. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      condemnation

      With the UN session and "climate week" starting monday, thinking of the inefficacy of UN as a global moral police. What does their condemnation mean anymore? Even more so since Trump 2.0 and the Palestinian genocide.

    12. Hawthorn 18 Sep 2026
      no more than 2°C in excess of pre-industrial levels. 3

      We have already exceeded 1.5 degrees, which was the target advocated for in 2015 by Caribbean and Pacific Island nations

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    s3.amazonaws.com/files.commons.gc.cuny.edu/wp-content/blogs.dir/52875/files/2026/09/2B_2019_Gonzalez-Final.pdf
  59. www.cookshelf.app www.cookshelf.app
    CookShelf — Love your cookbooks
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    cookshelf.app/
  60. www.eatyourbooks.com www.eatyourbooks.com
    Home | Eat Your Books
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    eatyourbooks.com/
  61. malik-burhan-yldz.lpcontent.net malik-burhan-yldz.lpcontent.net
    Clarius HD3 Portable Ultrasound | AI-Powered. High-Definition. Wireless.
    8
    1. rchase105 19 Sep 2026
      Stay Cool for Long Scans Supports continuous scanning sessions of >2 hours with the fan attachme

      remove snowflake - do not want to indicate to customers our scanners get warm.

      replace "stay cool for long exams" with "Scan as long as it takes"

    5. rchase105 18 Sep 2026
      T-Mode™ Enhances tissue contrast in real time, making anatomy e

      the description of T-Mode is not correct:

      "Simplify learning ultrasound anatomy with labels and color overlays while scanning"

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    malik-burhan-yldz.lpcontent.net/hd-page
  62. www.youtube.com www.youtube.com
    Smith Corona Electra 210 Typewriter // Inside the Robert A. Caro Archive
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    youtube.com/watch
  63. blog.up.edu.mx blog.up.edu.mx
    art68.pdf
    2
    1. Emma7215 18 Sep 2026
      Uno de los principales objetivos de la RedHD es la difusión del campo y de los proyectos quese realizan. En este número de RDU presentamos una introducción a las HD en general, asícomo temas más específicos, tales como las publicaciones digitales y la arqueología virtual.

      COMENTAR

    2. Emma7215 18 Sep 2026
      En 1974 se publicaron los primeros tomos bajo el nombre Índice Thomasticus, con más deonce millones de palabras en latín medieval. Se considera que el origen de las HumanidadesDigitales lo podemos encontrar en este gran proyecto, en el que por primera vez se aplicó eluso del cómputo en el quehacer humanístico

      SACA RESUMEN

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    blog.up.edu.mx/hubfs/PrepaUP/PrepaUP-Femenil/Blog-Images/art68.pdf
  64. storage.imrpress.com storage.imrpress.com
    cc0dfa4d10f580d91c58ef128585ac90.pdf
    3
    1. nhild 18 Sep 2026
      The Internet has becomethe most important medium for organizing and searchinginformation and documents.

      I don't know if I would actually count the internet as organized...

    3. nhild 18 Sep 2026
      “The starting point for understanding classification is onethat any object, any document and any domain could beclassified from multiple equal correct perspectives”

      This reminds me of an issue one of my friends is having in the Justice Library. What do you do when a document can belong to multiple domains? Such as a paper on 2SLGBTQIA+ Indigenous people; does it belong more in the Queer literature section or the indigenous one? It is still an important piece to both fields, but neither section gets particular first claim.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    storage.imrpress.com/imr/journal/KO/article/505012/1752845891947.pdf
  65. augustauniversity.app.box.com augustauniversity.app.box.com
    Bogost Chapter_Rhetoric of Video Games.pdf | Powered by Box
    3
    1. Kiltion 18 Sep 2026
      game is arich and complex one that clearly addresses a number of topics, most notably the tensionbetween evolution and natural selection (creatures evolve, but the player carefully designstheir attributes).

      Now we are looking at a range of things this can apply to, this is a fascinating matter and gives us a window into the range Bogost was looking into. This is grounds for rhetoric, the talk of what can be, what is, and what should be. It can be considered a fun civilization game, an exploration of what a game can actually talk about, and what it can inform in realife. If I may offer a singular criticism, this is 19 pages into this brief look, I understand that attention spans are shortening but some things do not need to be dragged out this much.

    2. Kiltion 18 Sep 2026
      One use of procedural rhetoric is to expose and explain the hidden ways of thinking thatoften drive social, political, or cultural behavior. W

      Okay so here we go, a second functional argument! love it, so we're actually talking about a way of how these games can actually have impactful rhetoric. Expose, explain, and critique. Good we actually rounded up a point

    3. Kiltion 18 Sep 2026
      other games use proce-durality to make claims about the cultural, social, or material aspects of human experience.Some do this deliberately, while others do it inadvertently. W

      This is where the real argument for Games being Rhetorical objects really begins, He is identifying what medium we are actually talking about. because of the countless games out in the media and platforms, there is a subgenre that actually caters to this field and when talking about digital rhetoric, these are often the games that interact the most.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    augustauniversity.app.box.com/s/hlhtg217drjxebf70y4q15q21jdk556b
  66. socialsci.libretexts.org socialsci.libretexts.org
    2.3: A Brief History of Latinx Racial Formation
    3
    1. kkinjal08 18 Sep 2026
      These factors led to the creation of distinct regional hybrid subcultures and affinities that were developed along religious lines.

      This quote presents how Spanish settlement had influenced and changed the development of such unique cultures and communities in different regional areas.

    2. kkinjal08 18 Sep 2026
      The Treaty established social, legal, and political boundaries, which in effect, led to the incorporation of approximately 75,000-100,000 inhabitants who had been given the option to move south across the newly drawn geopolitical border or remain in the newly conquered territory and become U.S. citizens.

      This treaty had significantly changed the lives of so many Mexican residents by being placed under the U.S. laws and forming new issues relating to citizenship and boundaries.

    3. kkinjal08 18 Sep 2026
      indios, a misnaming by Columbus who erroneously believed he had landed in India

      This specific quote shows how the Spanish utilized a single label that was used for many other different Indigenous groups, making it simple to control them.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    socialsci.libretexts.org/Bookshelves/Ethnic_Studies/New_Directions_in_Chicanx_and_Latinx_Studies_(Gonzalez_et_al.)/02:_Identities/2.03:_A_Brief_History_of_Latinx_Racial_Formation
  67. edwinloaiza.github.io edwinloaiza.github.io
    P1_PensamientoCritico.pdf
    6
    1. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      la formación de personas razonables no está orientada exclusivamente al desarrollo de habilidades cognitivas

      ¿Que tan lógico debe ser el razonamiento de una persona para tomar una decisión que sea razonable?

    2. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      para juzgar que una razón es buena tenemos que contar con nuestro propio acervo de creencias, costumbres y principios

      ¿cómo podemos evitar que nuestros propios prejuicios nos cieguen al aceptar si una razón es buena o no?

    3. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      No hay reglas para esto; como en todo saber contextual, lo mejor que se puede hacer es examinar y discutir diversos casos y situaciones reales o ficticias

      ¿cómo podemos saber si nuestra decisión fue razonable y no una decisión basada en nuestra intuición?

    4. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      . No se trata de aprender la regla por la regla, sino sobre todo que el niño aprenda la regla y logre crear sus propios ejemplos,

      creo que esta idea también se puede aplicar al aprendizaje de las matemáticas ya porque memorizar una regla puede permitir resolver un ejercicio pero comprenderla y poder crear ejemplos demuestra que realmente se entendió

    5. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      Su falta se caracteriza por una escasa atención a los contextos concretos en que se toman las decisiones y se realizan los juicios

      Una conclusión no siempre se puede juzgar sin tener en cuenta las circunstancias en las que se tomó, una decisión puede ser razonable en una situación y no serlo en otra

    6. Dylan.Guzman 18 Sep 2026
      Lo que realmente importa en la educación del pensamiento es que ésta ayude a las personas a tener una mejor vida y a desenvolverse mejor en el mundo en que viven.

      ver la lógica como una herramienta para la vida significa que aprender a razonar no debería servir solo para resolver ejercicios, sino también para tomar mejores decisiones y analizar las situaciones que enfrentamos diariamente

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    edwinloaiza.github.io/Fisica-I-Laboratorio/P1_PensamientoCritico.pdf
  68. www.poetryfoundation.org www.poetryfoundation.org
    Beowulf (exc. from Beowulf By All)
    2
    1. kt286 18 Sep 2026
      No fewer gifts were provided for him there,  the very wealth of a nation, than what was once done by those who,  at his birth, set him adrift,  alone over the waves           as a child.

      (Shield Sheafson), the mythical patriarch and first king of the Danish royal line.

    2. kt286 18 Sep 2026
      Men did not know,   to tell the truth,           hall counselors,   heroes under the heavens,           who accepted that load.

      In the poem, after Scyld’s death, his people prepare his body for burial at sea with great treasures and honors.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    poetryfoundation.org/poems/159132/beowulf-lines-1-52
  69. augustauniversity.app.box.com augustauniversity.app.box.com
    Bogost Chapter_Rhetoric of Video Games.pdf | Powered by Box
    1
    1. Kiltion 18 Sep 2026
      But this association of video games with leisure is not a necessary condition. It i

      Is the purpose of Video Games not an escape from reality, It strikes me as counter intuitive to the point to suggest they ought be a way of rhetoric.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    augustauniversity.app.box.com/s/hlhtg217drjxebf70y4q15q21jdk556b
  70. www.deeplearningbook.org www.deeplearningbook.org
    Untitled document
    2
    1. YuviGill 18 Sep 2026
      Deep learningsolves this central problem in representation learning by intro-ducing representations that are expressed in terms of other, simpler representations.

      Yes, I believe, its trying to explain how DL recognize something complicated all at once, the model can progressively build its understanding from simpler features. It seems similar to how humans might recognize an object by first noticing shapes, edges, and individual parts.

    2. YuviGill 18 Sep 2026
      The performance of these simple machine learning algorithms depends heavilyon therepresentationof the data they are given

      I also found this interesting because it shows that even a good ML algorithm can perform poorly if the data is not represented in a useful way. Thus, deciding what information the model receives is an important part of ML.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    deeplearningbook.org/contents/intro.html
  71. arxiv.org arxiv.org
    1301.6696v1.pdf
    1
    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    arxiv.org/pdf/1301.6696
  72. inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
    Microsoft Word - Lamott, Anne - Shitty First Drafts.doc
    2
    1. C.Skywatcher 18 Sep 2026
      the critics would be sitting on my shoulders, commenting likecartoon characters. They'd be pretending to snore, or rolling their eyes at myoverwrought description

      I love how she uses the idea of an angel and demon on the shoulder. I could picture someone sitting at their desk with all the imaginary cartoon friends with exaggerated facial expressions. I got a chuckle from this part.

    2. C.Skywatcher 18 Sep 2026
      by then I had been writing for so long, I would eventually let myselftrust the process -- sort of, more or less

      This sentence resonates with me. I have gotten to the point that I just type out whatever my response or assignment might be, then go back and fix it. But like she says at the end "sort of, more or less" sometimes my writing process will change slightly.

    Visit annotations in context

    Annotators

    URL

    inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net/files/e498e049-c7b5-4a59-ac57-be7197736c05/Shitty First Drafts.pdf