- Jul 2023
-
docdrop.org docdrop.org
-
we have all sorts of stupid biases when it comes to leadership selection.
- facial bias
- experiments show that children and adults alike who didn't know any of the faces shown, chose actual election leaders and runner ups of elections to be their leaders
- China exploits the "white-guy-in- a-tie" problem to win deals.
- Companies hire a white person with zero experience to wear a nice suit and tie and pose as a businessman who has just flown in from Silicon Valley.
- facial bias
-
-
www.nytimes.com www.nytimes.com
-
main biases
- the three biases of A.G.I-ism
- market bias
- adaptation bias
- efficiency bias
- the three biases of A.G.I-ism
-
- Feb 2023
-
docdrop.org docdrop.org
-
- Timothy Morton's concept of = hyperobject
- can be interpreted as reflections of alienation
- emerging out of rapid cumulative cultural evolution
- that has made our cognitive machinery genetically evolved and adapted to small group living ( within Dunbar's number) over hundreds of thousands of years
-
maladaptive to our too-quickly-culturally-evolved modernity
-
References
- https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=Maladaptive+cognitive+bias
-
-
theconversation.com theconversation.com
-
belief perseverance
- belief perseverance
- definition
- a cognitive bias in which people encountering evidence that runs counter to their beliefs will, instead of reevaluating what they’ve believed up until now, tend to reject the incompatible evidence
-
Confronting facts that don’t line up with your worldview may trigger a “backfire effect,”
- Confronting facts that don’t line up with your worldview
-
may trigger a “backfire effect,”
-
Comment
- in contentious issues, merely presenting facts may more deeply entrench there other's held beliefs
-
It can feel like an attack on you if one of your strongly held beliefs is challenged.
- It can feel like an attack on you
-
if one of your strongly held beliefs is challenged.
-
Comment
- question
- what causes a strongly held belief?
- what makes use feel a threat?
- why does it generate fear in some but not others?
- question
-
-
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
-
people’s desire for sweet and fatty tasting foods.
- example
- people’s desire for sweet and fatty tasting foods
- In ancestral times,
- sugar and fat typically signaled positive nutritional value (Ramirez, 1990).
- Consequently, people’s sensory systems are designed
- to detect the presence of sugar or fat in food,
- and the brain’s gustatory centers produce desirable taste sensations
- when those foods are consumed.
- This would have served our ancestors well,
- facilitating the choice of beneficial and nutritious foods.
- in modern times
- Many foods found in post-industrialized societies
- contain processed sugars, hydrogenated oils, and other additives that enhance the taste of the food
- without adding any nutritional benefits.
- Foods laden with corn syrup, for example,
- typically contain high numbers of calories
- and their regular consumption can result in obesity, diabetes, and other problems.
- Thus, the mismatch between
- the features of ancestral versus modern foodstuffs
- can lead adaptive sensory mechanisms
- to produce maladaptive physiological consequences.
- The desire for sweet and fat foods
- promotes health problems,
- even when this desire operates in a perfectly normal manner
- and would produce health benefits
- in the environment for which it was designed
- example
-
Some of the challenges people face today, however, diverge quite a bit from those faced by their ancestors. Such divergences can lead adaptive psychological mechanisms to “misfire” – to respond in ways that might have been adaptive in the past, but that no longer produce adaptive consequences today.
- Some of the challenges people face today,
- diverge quite a bit from those
- faced by their ancestors.
- Such divergences can ,- lead adaptive psychological mechanisms to “misfire”
- to respond in ways that might have been adaptive in the past,
- but that no longer produce adaptive consequences today.
-
Psychological adaptations have been designed over thousands of generations of human evolution. The adaptations humans possess today, then, were designed to operate in the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness, a composite of the social and physical challenges as they have existed for hundreds of thousands of years
- Psychological adaptations have been designed over thousands of generations of human evolution.
- The adaptations humans possess today, then,
- were designed to operate in the Environment of Evolutionary Adaptedness,
- a composite of the social and physical challenges as they have existed for hundreds of thousands of years (Bowlby, 1969; Cosmides & Tooby, 1992).
- As such, they may or may not be well-adapted
- for life in contemporary society
-
we describe a conceptual framework for understanding adaptive sources of dysfunction – for identifying and combating “adaptations gone awry.”
- we describe a conceptual framework
- for understanding adaptive sources of dysfunction
- for identifying and combating “adaptations gone awry.”
-
Each reflects the operation of psychological mechanisms that were designed through evolution to serve important adaptive functions, but that nevertheless can produce harmful consequences.
- Each of these 4 problems
- anxiety disorder
- domestic violence
- racial prejudice
- obesity
- reflects the operation of psychological mechanisms
- that were designed through evolution
- to serve important adaptive functions, - but that nevertheless can produce harmful consequences.
- Each of these 4 problems
-
What do anxiety disorders, domestic violence, racial prejudice, and obesity all have in common?
- question
- What do
- anxiety disorders,
- domestic violence,
- racial prejudice, and
- obesity
- What do
- all have in common?
- answer
- maladaptive cognitive biases!
- question
-
mismatches between current environments and ancestral environments
- cognitive biases may cause dysfunction due to mismatches between:
- current environments and
- ancestral environments
- cognitive biases may cause dysfunction due to mismatches between:
-
from aggression and international conflict to overpopulation and the destruction of the environment, people display a capacity for great selfishness and antisocial behavior. Can an evolutionary perspective – with its inherent focus on the functionality of human behavior – help explain the occasionally self-destructive and maladaptive side of human nature?
- from aggression and international conflict to overpopulation and the destruction of the environment,
- people display a capacity for great selfishness and antisocial behavior.
- Can an evolutionary perspective
- with its inherent focus on the functionality of human behavior
- help explain the occasionally self-destructive and maladaptive side of human nature?
-
Relative to the evolutionary past, social relationships in modernized western societies tend to involve a much wider variety of relationships, along with relatively less immediate connection with close, kin-based support networks
- Relative to the evolutionary past,
- social relationships
- in modernized western societies
- tend to involve
- a much wider variety of relationships,
- along with relatively less immediate connection
- with close, kin-based support networks
-
From an evolutionary perspective, social anxiety is designed primarily to help people ensure an adequate level of social acceptance and, throughout most of human history, this meant acceptance in a tightly-knit group based primarily of biological kin
- From an evolutionary perspective, - social anxiety is designed primarily
- to help people ensure
- an adequate level of social acceptance and,
- throughout most of human history,
- this meant acceptance
- in a tightly-knit group
- based primarily of biological kin
-
Although social anxiety can serve useful functions, it can also involve excessive worry, negative affect, and exaggerated avoidance of social situations. Understanding the root causes of anxiety-related problems is an essential step in the development of interventions and policies to reduce dysfunction.
- Although social anxiety can serve useful functions,
- it can also involve excessive worry, negative affect, and exaggerated avoidance of social situations.
- Understanding the root causes of anxiety-related problems
- is an essential step
- in the development of
- interventions and policies
- to reduce dysfunction.
Tags
- Cognitive bias
- maladaptive cognitive biases
- Adaptations gone awry
- social anxiety
- selfishness
- contemporary society
- Sugar
- evolutionary adaptation
- domestic violence
- mismatch
- psychological adaptations
- adaptive
- Cognitive biases
- Fats
- obesity
- racial prejudice
- environmental mismatch
- anxiety disorder
Annotators
URL
-
- Jan 2023
-
tile.loc.gov tile.loc.gov
-
Most interesting of all, perhaps, is that recent investigations prove absolutely that while expertness and efficiency may be possessed by the same individual, often the expert is not an efficient worker
-
- Nov 2022
-
en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
-
Contents 1 Overview 2 Reasons for failure 2.1 Overconfidence and complacency 2.1.1 Natural tendency 2.1.2 The illusion of control 2.1.3 Anchoring 2.1.4 Competitor neglect 2.1.5 Organisational pressure 2.1.6 Machiavelli factor 2.2 Dogma, ritual and specialisation 2.2.1 Frames become blinders 2.2.2 Processes become routines 2.2.3 Resources become millstones 2.2.4 Relationships become shackles 2.2.5 Values becomes dogmas 3 The paradox of information systems 3.1 The irrationality of rationality 3.2 How computers can be destructive 3.3 Recommendations for practice 4 Case studies 4.1 Fresh & Easy 4.2 Firestone Tire and Rubber Company 4.3 Laura Ashley 4.4 Xerox 5 See also 6 References
Wiki table of contents of the Icarus paradox
-
-
wexler.free.fr wexler.free.fr
-
Amos Tversky's famous "The Hot Hand in Basketball: On the Misperception of Random Sequences".
-
- Jun 2022
-
-
the human brain is an energy hog like and you can learn a lot about a lot of our uh biases and problems from the kinds of shortcuts that the brain takes 00:06:41 in the name of energy conservation well it looks like estimating group consensus is one of those shortcuts right because all it's equal your brain tends to assume that the loudest voices repeated 00:06:53 the most are the majority and and i think about that i think wow that doesn't seem like a good a good shortcut at all but i guess if you go back and f through evolution and when most of our time was spent and like 00:07:05 seeing like the dumbar number kind of you know groups it probably it obviously had to work well enough right to just be here with us but now when you think about with social media 00:07:18 and these massive imaginary communities like nations where you're never going to meet more than a tiny tiny percentage of the people in your group that shortcut becomes problematic um and 00:07:31 we can talk about it like i mean social media in particular makes it very very easy to distort perceived group consensus
This is the key problem that makes current social media dangerous, it can be easily gamed due to this evolutionary shortcut of the brain, the fast system of biases aka Daniel Kahneman's research.
-
- May 2022
-
www.usmcu.edu www.usmcu.edu
-
Humanity’s COG is assessed as its deep frames, prevalent and dominant worldviews that influence governance decisions across the public and private sectors (figure 3). Simply put, CEC presents a new type of threat—a Frankenstein-like killing and destruction phenomenon—that humanity struggles to conceive or perceive.
It would benefit the description by including the umwelt in the perception lens and cognitive biases and cognitive constructions in the cognitive lens.
-
- Mar 2022
-
-
what i don't really do 00:48:10 is having a checklist like going through possible biases i don't feel that's very helpful i think it's important to keep them in mind but i think it's more about detecting okay 00:48:25 what kind of question is [Music] the author trying to answer
Understanding the sorts of questions an author is looking at and attempting to answer are often more important than going through a checklist of biases which may come into play.
-
give the text your reading the opportunity to tell you something new and something 00:49:02 you have not expected so i'm worried a little bit of having fixed [Music] categories to look through 00:49:16 text because it might turn every text into something that is um already fitting your categories instead of expanding them 00:49:26 or adding to them
Coming to a text with too rigid a set of questions or preconceived categories may cause you to be blinded by what you expect to get out of it rather than allowing the text to surprise you with new and interesting insights you may not have anticipated.
-
- Nov 2021
-
www.notboring.co www.notboring.co
-
Craziness and high valuations invite snark. It’s how people respond to unfamiliar things, and it’s exceedingly easy to dismiss everything as a bubble, or as temporary froth, or as COVID-boredom-induced-adventure-seeking, or as a ponzi waiting to collapse. Being skeptical makes you look smart and responsible. A surefire way to get grown-up bonus points is to make fun of people who believe “this time is different.”
-
-
commons.wikimedia.org commons.wikimedia.org
-
It is difficult to know what to believe when human cognition can easily misrepresent reality.
-
- Feb 2021
-
psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
-
Lalwani, P., Fansher, M., Lewis, R., Boduroglu, A., Shah, P., Adkins, T. J., … Jonides, J. (2020, November 8). Misunderstanding “Flattening the Curve”. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/whe6q
-
- Oct 2020
-
covid-19.iza.org covid-19.iza.org
-
IZA – Institute of Labor Economics. ‘COVID-19 and the Labor Market’. Accessed 6 October 2020. https://covid-19.iza.org/publications/dp13745/.
-
- Aug 2020
-
psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
-
Ophir, Yaakov, and Yaffa Shir Raz. ‘Manipulations and Spins in Attention Disorders Research: The Case of ADHD and COVID-19’. Preprint. PsyArXiv, 20 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/dmu4j.
Tags
- raise awareness
- COVID-19
- spins
- transparent
- lang:en
- over-diagnosis
- omissions
- poor methodologies
- bogus results
- stimulants reduce risk
- misrepresentations
- over-treatment
- pharmaceutical industry
- reliable
- is:preprint
- manipulations
- over-medication
- healthy scientific scepticism
- attention disorders
- biases
- ADHD
- attention disorders research
- increased risk of infection
- in-depth inspection
- inappropriate operational definitions
- adverse effects of medication
Annotators
URL
-
-
- Jun 2020
-
grammarist.com grammarist.com
-
In a rare show of solidarity, both British English and American English spell advertise with an s in all forms.
-
As an act of defiance, I will only use advertize. I’ve added the word to my spell check. As an American, it makes sense for me to use this spelling since other -ise words use the more phonetic -ize suffix.
-
- May 2020
-
www.grammarly.com www.grammarly.com
-
In other places, such as Great Britain and Canada, labelled is a more common spelling than labeled.
-
- Apr 2020
-
grammarist.com grammarist.com
-
While Web site is still doing well in the U.S., it is all but dead in the U.K. Current Google News searches limited to U.K. publications find only about one instance of Web site (or web site) for every thousand instances of website. The ratio is similar in Australian and New Zealand publications. In Canada, the ratio is somewhere in the middle—about 20 to one in favor of the one-word form.
-
Exceptions are easily found, however, especially in American sources, where Web site (or web site, without the capital w) appears about once for every six instances of website. This is likely due to the influence of the New York Times, which is notoriously conservative with tech terms. The Times still uses Web site, and many American publications follow suit. Yet even those that often use Web site in their more closely edited sections tend to allow website in their blogs and other web-only sections.
-
-
ell.stackexchange.com ell.stackexchange.com
-
Other languages, German for example, are notorious for very long compunds like this and this, that are made up and written as one word directly. Perhaps the way your native language deals with compounds explains your (or other authors') personal preference and sense of "right"?
-
- Sep 2018
-
blog.rescuetime.com blog.rescuetime.com
-
most commonly creep into the decision-making process.
I think, that we need to understand, how do our brains work, because it is part of us, which creates ourselves. There is the list of 7 most commonly creep cognitive biases into the decision- making process. " Progress bias
What it is: Where we give more credit to our good actions even if they’re outweighed by the bad.
Confirmation bias
What it is: Where we’re more likely to believe information that confirms opinions we already have.
Survivorship bias
What it is: Where we only pay attention to people or things that succeeded and ignore all those who didn’t.
Dunning-Kruger effect
What it is: When confidence and experience are mismatched.
IKEA effect
What it is: Where we place much higher value on things we’ve personally worked on.
Planning fallacy
What it is: Where we underestimate the time we need to complete a task.
Availability heuristic
What it is: Where we believe that if something can be recalled it must be important. "
-
- Feb 2018
-
archive.org archive.org
-
or
"I have, in the following little volume, collected a few of these, the Love-Songs of a single province merely, which I either took down in each county of Connacht from the lips of the Irish-speaking peasantry - a class which is disappearing with most alarming rapidity - or extracted from MSS, in my own possession, or from some lent to me, made by different scribes during this century, or which I came upon while examining the piles of modern manuscript Gaelic literature that have found their last resting-place on the shelves of the Royal Irish Academy." (iv)
The way Hyde makes reference to sources is casual and non-specific. It would be difficult for a reader to access his sources. Because we have such little insight, it is important to be alert to potential biases in the collecting and editing process.
If we can identify consistencies among the anthologized songs in terms of their depiction of love and lovers, and/or among songs which are excluded from the anthology, we will have reason to regard the very partial disclosure of sources with suspicion.
As I have already noted, part of Hyde’s project is to bring the reader into contact with language which has an ‘unbounded’ power to excite the Irish Muse. Perhaps part of the way he contrives this encounter is to control the kind of subject matter that will appear to the reader as that which occurs most naturally in the Irish language.
-
- Jul 2015
-
-
A bias is simply a leaning—a tendency to promote one set of behaviors over another. All media and all technologies have biases. It may be true that “guns don’t kill people, people kill people”; but guns are a technology more biased to killing than, say, clock radios. Televisions are biased toward people sitting still in couches and watching. Automobiles are biased toward motion, individuality, and living in the suburbs. Oral culture is biased toward communicating in person, while written culture is biased toward communication that doesn’t happen between people in the same time and place. Film photography and its expensive processes were biased toward scarcity, while digital photography is biased toward immediate and widespread distribution.
Program or Be Programmed: Ten Commands for a Digital Age, Douglas Rushkoff
-
- Sep 2013
-
caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.netGorgias1
-
Does he who teaches anything persuade men of that which he teaches or not?
This can lead to what we call "The Authority Bias." Saying something is true simply because a person of power, like a teacher, said it was so. "Dr. Cruise from L. Ron Hubbard College University said e-meters really work, so they must."
-