8,867 Matching Annotations
  1. Last 7 days
    1. these people do have political and spiritual values, but they are not uniform but pluralist, these are not in fact, spiritual movements, or spirit-centric movements. They are in effect people attempting to reinvent how we produce value, in different ways, whether they are urban commoners, rural permaculturists, or neo-nomadic crypto nomads.

      for - adjacency - new ways of creating and distributing value - not spiritual movements - example - Indyweb - LCE - Deep Humanity - metacrisis / polycrisis singularity

      adjacency - between - new ways of creating and distributing value - not spiritual movements perse - examples - Indyweb - LCE - Deep Humanity - metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - adjacency relationship - Reflecting on a few of the major projects I'm working and collaborating on there is another permutation in which ideas that are considered "spiritual" are being integrated into the foundational design of technical production and distribution systems - The Indyweb web 3 / web 4 people-centered, interpersonal information ecosystem is founded on the Eastern principle of Shunyata (Emptiness), and its two pillars: - change and - intertwingledness - which in turn corelate to biology via: - evolution and - ecology - The Living Cities Earth (LCE) project is founded on integral theory framework - Deep Humanity emerged out of observation that the historic inability of spiritual and material integration, - what might be here called the hard and soft metamemes - may be leading us into a metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - and that their integration now may be what is required to stave off the worst impacts of the fast approaching metacrisis / polycrisis singularity - Observations of the social dynamics of many small commons-leaning groups I've been involved with shows me that the deep cultural conditioning of the previous hard and soft metameme systems are extremely difficult to uproot and the soft metameme conditioning ends up poisoning collaborations

    2. communism of consumption’ of their eastern Buddhist counterparts

      for - question - communism of consumption - why did Buddhists only create this and not communism of production?

    3. communism of production

      for - definition - communism of production

    4. productivity and time-keeping

      for - origins of - productivity - timekeeping - Irony - timekeeping that originated for efficient prayer became coopted by industrial capitalism - When the Benedictine monasteries closed, the productivity and timekeeping techniques developed by the monks dispersed to the general population

    1. This is a new technology, people (read: businesses) want to take advantage of it. They are often ignorant, or simply too busy to learn to harnass it themselves. Many of them will pay you to weave their way on the web. html programming is one of the most lucrative, and most facile consulting jobs in the computing industry. Setting up basic web sites is not at all hard to do, panicked businesses looking to build their tolllane on the infoway will pay you unprecedented piles of cash for no more than a day's labour.
    1. Am 14.05.2025 kündigte die NGO Milieudefensie eine neue Klimaklage gegen Shell an, um die Inbetriebnahme von 700 geplanten Öl- und Gasfeldern zu verhindern. Die Emissionen dieser Felder würden 5,2 Milliarden Tonnen CO₂ betragen, etwa 36 Mal so viel wie die der Niederlande. Eine Studie zeigt, dass Shells Emissionen weiterhin steigen. Seit 2021 hat Shell Investitionen in 32 neue Öl- und Gasfelder beschlossen. Ein Gerichtsurteil von 2021 verlangte von Shell eine Reduzierung der Emissionen um 45 % bis 2030, doch ein Berufungsurteil von 2024 hob diese konkrete Vorgabe auf. Shell hat vier Wochen Zeit, auf die neue Klage zu reagieren. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://taz.de/Neue-Klimaklage-in-den-Niederlanden/!6087879/

    1. Am 14.05.2025 zeigte eine französische Studie mit 15.000 Teilnehmern, dass Männer 26 % mehr Treibhausgase ausstoßen als Frauen, hauptsächlich durch höheren Fleischkonsum und Autonutzung. Nach Kontrolle sozioökonomischer Faktoren beträgt der Unterschied 18 %. Der Konsum von rotem Fleisch und das Autofahren erklären fast den gesamten verbleibenden Unterschied von 6,5-9,5 %. Traditionelle Geschlechternormen, die Männlichkeit mit Fleischkonsum und Autofahren verbinden, spielen eine bedeutende Rolle. Frauen zeigen mehr Besorgnis über die Klimakrise, was zu klimafreundlicherem Verhalten führen könnte. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert] https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/may/14/car-use-and-meat-consumption-drive-emissions-gender-gap-research-suggests

    1. Users of the Royal HH typewriter included: William Buckley, Charles Bukowski, George Burns, Herb Caen, Truman Capote, Bruce Catton, Patty Chayefsky, Don DeLillo, Alice Denham, James T. Farrell, Paul Fussell, Hugh Hefner, Elia Kazan, Sterling North, Robert B. Parker, Sylvia Plath, Mario Puzo, Robert Penn Warren, Eudora Welty, and William Zinsser.

      including photos via https://site.xavier.edu/polt/typewriters/typers.html

    1. The old form must bedestroyed (to a greater or lesser extent in different circumstances) to allow for

      for - eating - life - death - incorporation of the other - example - kleinian dynamics - eating - life sustaining - coexists with - life taking - life = death - you must die so that I may live - When I eat you or you eat me, - You transform what was once a part of my body into your body, taking from me what you need, and getting rid of the rest - So in essence, we destroy others so that part of them can become part of us and vice versa

    2. Karl Abel’s book Gegensinnder Urworte [The Antithetical Meaning of Primal Words]

      for - timebinding - Karl Abel - Sigmund Freud - Gebser - book - Gegensinnder Urworte [The Antithetical Meaning of Primal Words] - language construction - book - Gegensinnder Urworte [The Antithetical Meaning of Primal Words]

    3. consider to be polarities. Differentiation of the poles of a polarity into separateconcepts, then, would emerge after the underlying form of experience (thetraversing of terrain or the passage of time, or, simply, ongoingness of expe-rience of a cyclical nature) was noticed and exploited for some purpose, suchas safety or ease. For example, it is easier moving through the forest by day,and it is cooler moving through the desert at night. There was survival valuein distinguishing different aspects of unified experience.

      for - key insight - language - emergence of polarity - evolutionary fitness

    4. vocal communication. Indeed, we learn to use language before we understandlanguage, as exemplified by a friend’s 2-year-old grandson who adeptly appliedwords he had heard his parents say and demanded that “someone change myfucking diaper!” We learn to understand language before we learn to questionlanguage. Rarely do we learn to question language itself.

      for - key insight - language - unanswerable questions of the experienced language user - we learn to apply language long before we know what it is.

      analysis - Language allows us to ask questions about our reality, but there are certain questions that are intrinsically unanswerable - As an experienced language user, we cannot know what our experience of reality would be like had we not learned a language

    5. The creation of unity by a magical procedure meant the possibility of

      for - quote - Carl Jung - diversity and ground of all being - adjacency - Jung on diversity and unity - Deep Humanity tree metaphor

      quote - Carl Jung - diversity and ground of all being - The creation of unity by a magical procedure meant the possibility of effecting a union with the world - not with the world of multiplicity as we see it but - with a potential world, - the eternal Ground of all empirical being, <br /> - just as the self is the ground and origin of the individual personality - past, - present, and - future

      comment - Deep Humanity strives for the same union of unity and diversity via a tree metaphor, a journey - from the diversity of multiplicity of branches of the tree - back to the common trunk of the tree

    6. To see a World in a Grain of Sand

      for - poem - William Blake - Auguries of Innocence - To see a world in a grain of sand - unus mundus - the hole in the whole - adjacency - Koan - the elbow does not bend backkwards - Willliam Blake - To see a World in a Grain of Sand - Indra's net - Carl Jung - Unus Mundus

    7. In this book, I am suggesting a unio mentalis of an atypical polarity—aunion of consciousness and language. The book is, through me, becomingitself

      for - unio mentalis - as a union of consciousness and language

    1. Though now in the deepest of his life’s trenches, God is still with Joseph (Genesis 39:21). His fellow inmates, Pharaoh’s former butler and his former baker, both dream symbolic dreams, and Joseph’s skills as a dream-interpreter are put to use. He predicts that the butler will be exonerated in three days and restored to Pharaoh’s service, and that the baker will be put to death. Joseph’s interpretations come true.

      The fate of Joseph, in the Hebrew text the Book of Genesis, chapters 37 to 50, is that of rising from slavery and imprisonment to power, a journey shaped by constant divine intervention from God. Joseph's life is somewhat governed by divine agency. While serving prison time, Joseph accurately interprets the dreams of Pharaoh's former cupbearer and his baker, predicting that the former cupbearer would be restored to his old position and that the baker would die. This is explained by God's presence with him (Genesis 39:21). To his phenomenal guidance to power in the court of Pharaoh, ‘his divine gift’ enables this rise. (https://www.myjewishlearning.com/article/the-story-of-joseph/, accessed 5/10/25). On the other hand, Ferdowsi shapes the Persian hero’s destiny as entirely a product of ethical struggle and human choices in Shahnameh with no gods. CC BY-NC-ND

    1. We're at the point in humanity's development of computing infrastructure where the source code for program texts (e.g. a module definition) should be rich text and not just ASCII/UTF-8.

      Forget that I said "rich text" for a moment and pretend that I was just narrowly talking about the inclusion of, say, graphical diagrams in source code comments.

      Could we do this today? Answer: yes.

      "Sure, you could define a format, but what should it look like? You're going to have to deal with lots of competing proposals for how to actually encode those documents, right?" Answer: no, not really. We have a ubiquitous, widely supported format that is capable of encoding this and more: HTML.

      Now consider what else we could do with that power. Consider a TypeScript alternative that works not by inserting inline type annotations into the program text, but instead by encoding the type of a given identifier via the HTML class attribute.

      Now consider program parametrization where a module includes multiple options for the way that you use it, and you configure it as the programmer by opening up the module definition in your program editor, gesturing at the thing it is that you want to concretely specify, selecting one of those options, and have the program text for the module react accordingly—without erasing or severing the mechanism for configuration, so if another programmer wants to change the module parameters to satisfy some future need—or lift that module from your source tree and use it in another one for a completely different program—then they can reconfigure it with the same mechanism that you used.

  2. May 2025
    1. Jean Gebser (1905–1973), a German-born, naturalized Swiss citizen, is bestknown for his magnum opus The Ever-Present Origin

      for - book - The Ever-Present Origin - Jean Gebser - to - youtube - The Integral Way of Jean Gebser with Jeremy Johnson - https://hyp.is/gnHv-izuEfCCBZObkKymvw/www.youtube.com/watch?v=YXf2jtl0ndc

      comment - I hadn't heard of Gebser before and found this chapter difficult to understand - I found a good introductory video on Geber's work, especially the 5 stages and their meaning - Click on the youtube link above for a good introduction to Gebser's ideas

    2. These five structures ofconsciousness—the archaic, magic, mythic, mental, and integral structures—

      for - adjacency - consciousness - spirituality - Gebser's 5 structures of consciousness - archaic - magic - mythic - mental - integral

    3. be nothing “out there” to refer to, only distinctions within my-expansive-self.

      for - nondual re-interpretation - of "self" - expanded self

    4. ivein paradox might be uncomfortable, even terrifying, at first, given our culturalabhorrence of it. To recategorize that which our current category structureconsiders an “object” (e.g., a tree, rock, or your computer) as a subject-object,we need to revise deeply held assumptions, beliefs, and ways of relating toall types of “others.” For example, we will need to understand the implicitassumption that, when I refer to “that X” (e.g., you, or that tree, or eventhat book), I am referring to an expanded sense of myself as subject-object.

      for - gestalt switch - nondual language - deorient ourselves - true nature of mind practice - language shift - for this to work requires a gestalt switch paradigm shift - it goes beyond intellectual and requires full immersion, not to - re-orient ourselves, but to - de-orient ourselves

    5. Consider the consequences of remaining stuck using language that assumesand hence sustains a state of radical differentiation. Jung describes how thedevelopment of consciousness contributed to the corresponding radical dif-ferentiation within language:

      for - quote - adjacency - Carl Jung - consciousness - language - dualism - loss of holism

    6. polar regions. The melting of sea ice and ice sheets is not palpable to most.” 201Climate change is invisible when we consider ourselves separate from Gaia

      for - adjacency - hyperobject - language of separation - new trailmark format - adjacency

      adjacency - hyperobject -- language of separation - There is another related reason that many people do not value climate crisis - these concepts are hyperobjects - objects so large that they are beyond the scope of evolutionarily evolved salience - language evolved within humans to deal with environmental events that were salient to our immediate survival - the climate crisis is steeped in complex science and applies to the entire planet, something that humans were never evolved to cognitively apprehend

    1. What if your sense of self, your seeing, your feeling, your very intelligibility as a “someone” are not possessions within a worldview, but part of an accommodation process issued from it, co-conditioned, emergent, and entangled?

      for - quote - Sense of Self - worldview - Bayo - critique - worldview - Bayo - new trailmark - analysis

      quote - Sense of Self - worldview - Bayo - What if, instead, worldviews are - not views from worlds - but the ways worlds come into view? - What if your sense of self, - your seeing, - your feeling, - your very intelligibility as a “someone” - are not possessions within a worldview, - but part of an accommodation process issued from it, - co-conditioned, - emergent, and - entangled?

      analysis - Bayo juxtapositions - the normative subject/object dualistic view of a Self having an experience with objects with - a nondualistic view in which self and other, subject and object are two sides of the same seamless coin - The aggregate experience of "many diverse appearances" is imputed to be a "self" that is having these many diverse experiences of appearances - rather than apprehending the totality as an unbroken continuum<br /> - Are we not imaginative enough to break our deep conditioning of Self and other / subject and object and experience the totality of phenomena, instead imputing a self? - The individual "self" is indeed a compelling story because the biological individual inherently - has a distinct, and identifiable though dynamic boundary with its environment - has been bestowed with the evolutionary trait of instinct for survival - and therefore prioritizes securing resources required for its biological continuation - To see beyond this pyscho/physical appearance requires a high level of integration

    2. for - source - Donna Nelham - @Fellowship of the Commons Telegram group zoom meeting - 2025, May 6 - article - Linkedin - Bayo Akomolafe - I am against "worldview" - to - article - Substack Annik De Witt - Toxic Polarization is killing us. A new worldview can save us - https://hyp.is/OChhXCvdEfC0MEOwIi_joA/annickdewitt.substack.com/p/toxic-polarization-is-killing-us

    1. Recall Hegel's unam­biguous celebration of the absolute power of Understanding from his Fore­word to the Phenomenology: 'The action of separating the elements is the exercise of the fo rce of Understanding, the most astonishing and greatest of all powers, or rather the absolute power.'

      El acto de separar los elementos es el ejercicio de la fuerza del entendimiento

    2. It is not that, after the abstraction of Reason has done its mortifyingjob with its fIXed categories or notional determi­nations, speculative 'concrete universality' somehow returns us to the fresh greenness ofLife; rather, once we pass from empirical reality

      Abstraction of Reason

    1. science tells us that kids learn better from one from zero from the birth to five years old they're the fastest they're the best at learning model them then just do what they do you can't get better than that

      for - stats - natural language acquisition - 1 to 2 year old is age of fastest and best learning

      comment - ALG philosophy - replicate the experiences that 1 to 2 year olds have

    2. that discomfort is a tough one that's the first part you gotta face that and if you're not facing it then you've learned to walk with crutches

      for - natural language acquisition - important role of discomfort

    1. Am 2. Mai 2025 reichte die Trump-Regierung Klagen gegen Vermont und New York ein, um deren "Climate Superfund"-Gesetze zu blockieren. Diese Gesetze sollen Ölfirmen zur Deckung von von ihnen verursachten Folgekosten der Klimakrise zwingen. Vermonts Gesetz, das erste seiner Art, wurde 2024 verabschiedet. New Yorks Gesetz fordert 75 Milliarden US-Dollar über 25 Jahre. West Virginia und 23 weitere Bundesstaaten unterstützen die Klagen, da sie die Gesetze als illegal und schädlich für die Energiebranche betrachten. [Zusammenfassung mit Mistral generiert und leicht überarbeitet] https://www.nytimes.com/2025/05/02/climate/climate-superfund-law-vermont-new-york-lawsuits.html

    1. To attempt an answer demands one radically reimagine one’s relationship to machines, the value of time, and the purpose of writing. Maybe there would be no typewriter and life would be governed by a different conception of the clock. Maybe the clock would only tell the time and not dictate how one should live in it. Maybe nothing would take too much time. Maybe no dream would be out of time.
    1. Der Artikel diskutiert die Notwendigkeit von Carbon Dioxide Removal (CDR) zur Erreichung der Klimaneutralität. Aktuell werden weltweit etwa 2,2 Gigatonnen CO₂ pro Jahr entnommen, hauptsächlich durch Aufforstung. Neue Technologien wie Direct Air Capture (DAC) sind noch wenig verbreitet, machen nur ein Promille aus. Um die Pariser Klimaziele zu erreichen, müsste die CO₂-Entnahme bis 2050 auf 7 bis 9 Gigatonnen pro Jahr steigen. Deutschland plant, bis 2045 klimaneutral zu werden, und benötigt dafür eine nationale CDR-Strategie. Derzeit kostet die Entnahme einer Tonne CO₂ mit neuen Methoden 100 Mal mehr als die Vermeidung einer Tonne Emissionen. 27 Staaten und die EU haben Vorschläge zur Ausweitung von CDR bis 2050 gemacht. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral] https://www.zeit.de/wissen/umwelt/2024-06/carbon-dioxide-removal-co2-entnahme-klimaneutralitaet-entwicklung

    1. Drei führende Klimawissenschaftler kritisieren die Illusion der "Net Zero-Politiken", die darauf setzen, das 1,5°-Ziel durch die Entfernung von CO2 aus der Atmosphäre zu erreichen. Sie werfen vielen ihrer KollegInnen vor, unrealistischen Konzepten nicht offen entgegenzutreten, um ihren politischen Einfluss nicht zu verlieren. Sie kritisieren auch die bisherigen Integrated Assessment Models des Weltklimarats, die von der Voraussetzung ausgehen würde, die Klimakatastrophe ließe sich mit marktwirtschaftlichen Mitteln beheben und fordern auf, deutlich zu sagen, dass sich eine Erhitzung der Erde auf 3 und mehr Grad nicht durch kleine Schritte, sondern nur durch einen Bruch mit dem bisherigen Wirtschaftssystem erreichen lässt.

      Anstatt uns unseren Zweifeln zu stellen, beschlossen wir Wissenschaftler, immer aufwändigere Fantasiewelten zu konstruieren, in denen wir sicher wären. Der Preis, den wir für unsere Feigheit zahlen mussten: Wir mussten den Mund halten über die immer größer werdende Absurdität der geforderten Kohlendioxid-Entfernung im planetarischen Maßstab.

      Greta Thunberg hat diesen Aufsatz als einen wichtigsten und informativsten Texte zur Klima- und ökologischen Krise bezeichnet.

      Climate scientists: concept of net zero is a dangerous trap. Thread von Greta dazu auf Twitter: https://twitter.com/GretaThunberg/status/1385869663188492290

    1. Eine Studie zeigt, dass das Kraftwerk Drax in North Yorkshire trotz Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) bis in die 2050er Jahre die CO₂-Emissionen erhöhen wird. Die intensive Waldnutzung zur Gewinnung von Holzpellets in den USA reduziert die Kohlenstoffspeicher in Wäldern für mindestens 25 Jahre. Selbst mit CCS-Technologie bleiben die Emissionen über Jahrzehnte hoch, was die Klimakrise verschärft. Kritiker bezweifeln Drax' Behauptung, "klimaneutral" zu sein, und fordern eine Neubewertung der staatlichen Unterstützung für Biomasse-Energie. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral] https://www.theguardian.com/business/2024/nov/04/drax-will-keep-raising-carbon-emission-levels-until-2050s-study-says

    1. Die Studie des Potsdam-Instituts für Klimafolgenforschung zeigt, dass Bioenergy with Carbon Capture and Storage (BECCS) theoretisch bis 2050 jährlich 7,5 Milliarden Tonnen CO₂ entfernen könnte. Allerdings würde dies die planetaren Belastungsgrenzen stark überschreiten, insbesondere in Bezug auf Stickstoffeintrag, Süßwasserverbrauch, Entwaldung und Biosphärenintegrität. Unter Berücksichtigung dieser Grenzen reduziert sich das Potenzial auf nur 200 Millionen Tonnen CO₂ jährlich. Die Studie betont die Notwendigkeit, neben der CO₂-Bilanz auch andere ökologische Faktoren zu berücksichtigen und schlägt vor, durch weniger Fleischkonsum Flächen für Klimaplantagen freizumachen. [Zusammenfassung generiert mit Mistral]

      https://www.derstandard.at/story/3000000257365/kein-platz-fuer-klimaplantagen

  3. Apr 2025
    1. Assumptions: Implicit and ExplicitIn our inquiry into language, this is a fundamental paradox we need toacknowledge: it is impossible to write about the implicit assumptions of ourlanguage system without simultaneously invoking those very assumptions.

      for - adjacency / insight - language - circularity of - paradox

      adjacency / insight - between - language - circularity - adjacency relationship - I've always strongly felt this inherent paradox of investigating language, that - by invoking language to investigate language, we are already trapped in a circular argument

    2. Sorites Paradox—when doessomething stop being itself if you remove one small piece at a time?

      for - whole - sum of its parts - adjacency - Buddhist chariot analogy - Sorites paradox

    3. s I examine my sofawith a deeper perception, I come to an energy phenomenon that is not auniversal presence or force and not just an accumulation of characteristicsand energies from outside itself but one that has its own particular unique,internally coherent and integrated organization. This is where I experiencethe sofa as something living, not in a biological way but in an energetic way.5

      for - question - sensing the energy of inanimate objects - I'm not sure what she means or how she does this?

    4. He foundthat society’s image of the future has largely been a self-fulfilling prophecy.

      for - futuring - a self-fulfilling prophecy - so many examples of this - one example is Douglas Engelbart and the "Mother of All Demos" - to - youtube - Mother of All Demos - Douglas Engelbart - https://via.hypothes.is/https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=B6rKUf9DWRI

    5. Spatiosubobjectivity pertains to the commingling or fusion of subject, object, andspace.35 Rosen characterizes it as a dynamic process, or dialectical interplay, oneevident even at microdimensions. It is not an amalgamated “thing.” It is notlike me or you in a box with some other people or things. Rather, it embodiesthe inherent paradoxical movement of Möbial and Kleinian surfaces.

      for - definition - spatiosubobjectivity - Steven M. Rosen - a dynamic fusion of subject, object and space as a unified psychophysical reality - adjacency - Llisa's experience - spatiosubobjeectivity - Tibetan true nature of mind teaching - Deep Humanity BEing journey - spatiosubobjectivity BEing journey to induce a gestalt switch - to - wikipedia - Steven M. Rosen - https://hyp.is/twLEciIKEfCh2fulOW4D8A/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steven_M._Rosen - to - homepage - Steven M. Rosen at CUNY - https://hyp.is/48yh8CJxEfCReN_MXjnJ4w/embodyingcyberspace.com/

      adjacency - between - Lisa's experience - spatiosubobjectivity - Tibetan True Nature of Mind - adjacency relationship - Lisa's experience and the word "spatiosubobjectivity" that it led to remind me of Tibetan teachings on the true nature of mind - It says essentially the same thing, that the totality of phenomena is the true nature of mind. That is, - the subject (inner) - the intervening space, and - the objects (outer) - together constitute the true nature of mind

    6. similar to how a television screen reconfigures the pixels moment bymoment.

      for - gestalt switch - metaphor - pixels of the screen changing - Deep Humanity BEing journey - gestalt switch to include space

    7. the holy placeis secret becauseit isso close

      for - ubiquity BEing journey - Fish do not know of water

    8. Both roots and lungs internalize elements from the environment that arenecessary for life.Perhaps tree : earth :: humans : air. Is one of the lessons the coronavirustaught us that we are connected to each other through air, through the verysubstance that seems to enable us to perceive our “separateness?”

      for - similarity - other examples - See David Suzuki story of connectedness - https://hyp.is/wX0a4hIVEfCMFXfYYI59ag/www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wtUMM8SDws - including Harlow Shapley story about connectedness through air - https://hyp.is/D2oQhhIZEfCsoYcIvR8Ang/www.youtube.com/watch?v=5wtUMM8SDws

    9. Although humans and Earth seem to be noncontiguous,perhaps we are contiguous in a way that we have not yet learned to perceive.

      for - 3 types of psychological separation / othering - definition - multi-scale biotic compositional separation - individual multi-cellular human psychologically separated from individual living cells within the same human's body - definition - social separation - individual human psychologically separated from other individual humans - definition - biotic / abiotic separation - individual human psychologically separated from the environment

    10. Given differentcircumstances, we all have the possibility of being X, whatever X is.

      for - similarity - Deep Humanity - principle of Empathy

      similarity - Deep Humanity - principle of Empathy - This is similar to Deep Humanity principle of Empathy, which holds that the degree of empathy we can develop - depends on our ability to experience and imagine the conditions of the other - Almost every one of us is capable of both the greatest good and the greatest evil, depending on the circumstances we developed under - In a very real sense, the great diversity of human behavior we see enacted in the world and our lives is a reflection of the great diversity of circumstances people can find themselves in - Some Deep Humanity empathy BEing Journeys can be crafted leveraging awareness of the life circumstances of the other

    11. Lao Tze saidthis about seeing the hole:Thirty spokes are joined together in a wheel,but it is the center holethat allows the wheel to function.We mold clay into a pot,but it is the emptiness insidethat makes the vessel useful.We fashion wood for a house,but it is the emptiness insidethat makes it livable.We work with the substantial,but the emptiness is what we use.—from the Tao Te Ching, translated for public domain by j. h. mcdonaldIt’s easier to critique something that exists than to create from nothing.

      for - Lao Tze - quote - the value of emptiness

    12. The Unfolding of Language, Guy Deutscher describes the evolution oflanguage

      for - follow up - book - The Unfolding of Language - to - internet archive - The Unfolding of Language - https://hyp.is/UksPQBtgEfCEqneUXW_HOA/archive.org/details/guy-deutscher-the-unfolding-of-language-an-evolutionary-tour-of-mankinds-greatest-invention

    1. Theupholstery and the rugs muffle her but we can hear her clearly despite that.The tension between her lack of control and her attempt to suppress it ishorrible. It's like a fart in church.

      Serena Joy's muffling cries symbolise the real comparative and biologically sinful nature of the act, that everyone else is awkwardly yet restraining to ignore. The "fart in church" really indicates a biological necessity, a response to a strict and man-made construct such as the church.

    2. . We have learned to see the world in gasps.

      This line sums up their power in the form of little rebellions. More specifically, this sums up OFFRED's POWER. Offred's disjunction in terms of time matches closely with her blinders. Though she was never able to 1) escape from her past, 2) record her story continuously (as per the historical notes) she gained power by these bite-sized and disjointed "gasps" in order to share her female voice

    1. Die Tat interview die Politologin Sonja Tiges zur Antikrimapolitik der Trampadministration in ihren ersten 100 Tagen. Tielges betont unter anderem, dass die Trumpregierung eine Energiedominanz anstrebt und andere Länder dazu drängt, das fossile Modell beizubehalten. Möglicherweise strebe China eine Gegenposition an, unter anderem verändere sich die Bereitschaft klimafinanzend zur Verfügung zu stellen in China.

      https://taz.de/Wissenschaftlerin-zur-US-Klimapolitik/!6081981/

    1. for - Doug Engelbart - Mother of all demos - highlights

      summary - many decades ago, Douglas Engelbart created the "mother of all demos" - almost all the major information technologies we take for granted today was demonstrated as possibilities in this demo

    1. Bei einem virtuellen Gipfel der Vereinten Nationen zur Klimakrise haben sich Hina, D.E.U., D.A. sehr anstatten die afrikanische Union Brasilien und die Koalition der kleinen Inselstaden zur Energiewände und einer Internationalen Klamot-Gavernans bekannt. Der chinesische Staatschef Schie, der was selten ist, an dem Treffen teilnahmen, verwies darauf, dass China die inzwischen größte Infrastruktur für erneuerbare Energie entwickelt hat, einschließlich der dazu gehörrenden Liefer. Einst du sie sich dazu gehörenden Lieferketten. Die Teilnehmer starten werden ihre nationalen Reduktionsstrategien rechtzeitig vor der Kopf 30 erstellen. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/apr/23/un-chief-no-group-or-government-can-stop-clean-energy-future

    1. In the body, the awareness of absence, of the hole in one’s individual being, can metamorphose into a cognizance of the paradoxical (w)holeness of a larger being, the flesh of the world. The crux of the matter is holding the paradox. As long as I proceed from the ego, I will continue my flight from paradox. So “I” must proceed from the ego’s empty core, from the hole in the “I” that can bring (w)holeness.

      for - key insight - transformation - from sense of lack - to wholeness - adjacency - sense of lack - ego's empty core

      adjacency - between - sense of lack - ego's empty core - adjacency relationship - This is a very pith statement: - In the body, the awareness of - absence, - of the hole in one’s individual being, - can metamorphose into a cognizance of - the paradoxical (w)holeness of a larger being, - the flesh of the world. -The crux of the matter is holding the paradox. - As long as I proceed from the ego, - I will continue my flight from paradox. - So “I” must proceed from the ego’s empty core, - from the hole in the “I” that can bring (w)holeness.

    2. denial of death

      for - Denial of death - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=denial+of+death - Ernest Becker

      comment - It's can be a monumental personal milestone to truly accept one's mortality - Develop Deep Humanity BEing journey for facing our denial of death

    3. Thus my addictive quest for “absolute clarity,” which is at bottom a quest for a clarification of my being that can never really be achieved.

      for - new meme - addictive quest for absolute clarity - This is an instance of what David Loy calls the intrinsic sense of lack in modernity that needs to be filled, but can never be - sense of lack - David Loy - https://hyp.is/WuaFQCKZEfCFA-eSTwduzg/www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWRA4cUCid8

    4. One moment you’re flying high and everything is as clear as it can be. You’re experiencing a surge of unadulterated pleasure, a burst of sheer delight. But then, all of a sudden, the situation flips and you’re down in the dumps feeling the nagging necessity for another game, another sweet, another hit, another shot.

      for - adjacency - cyber ghosts - hungry ghosts - the hunger is temporarily satisfied, but the hunger pangs start again - cycling in samsara - consumerism - David Loy - inability for consumerism to fill our sense of lack - https://hyp.is/WuaFQCKZEfCFA-eSTwduzg/www.youtube.com/watch?v=yWRA4cUCid8

    5. I believe the digital age simply makes obvious the virtual nature of what we have long taken as reality, so that now, its lack of genuine substance is no longer deniable. And this is what drives us into addiction. For, no virtual substance, no one-sidedly artificial affirmation or negation, can fill in for the paradoxical actuality of our fleshly being.

      for - question - lack of genuine substance drives us into addiction - need more clarity on this

    6. the ephemerality of cyberspace can prove to be downright frightening, as I have personally discovered.

      for - quote - emphemerality of cyberspace can be downright frightening - Steven M. Rosen - Indyweb leverages IPFS CID (Content Identification) addressing to combat emphermerality through the affordance of provenance

    1. the anthroposin makes sense less as a geoplanetary period than an historical period relating to humans is very anthropocentric issue and that means that Social science must be uh uh at the core of the challenges and the issue of the uh uh uh anthroposine uh question

      for - key insight - social science must be at the core of the challenges of the Anthropocene

    1. f you take your credit card and you go shopping and you run up a large credit card debt you're running a trade deficit with all those shops now it would be pretty strange if you then blamed all the shop owners for having sold you all those things you're ripping me off you're ripping me off you're ripping me off i'm running a trade deficit that is the level of understanding of the president of the United States

      for - quote - Trump's misunderstanding of trade deficit and tariffs - Jeffrey Sachs

      quote - Trump's misunderstanding of trade deficit and tariffs - Jeffrey Sachs - If you take your credit card and you go shopping and you run up a large credit card debt you're running a trade deficit with all those shops - Now it would be pretty strange if you then blamed all the shop owners for having sold you all those things - "you're ripping me off, i'm running a trade deficit!" - That is the level of understanding of the president of the United States!

    1. Michael Faletra’s chapter does just that, arguing that Geoffrey’s work supportscolonialist policies.
    2. A Companion to Geoffrey of Monmouth introduces Geoffrey’s oeuvre to first-time readers and provides a synthesis of current scholarship, all while offer-ing new readings of his work. This volume also seeks to bring Celtic studiesand Galfridian studies into closer dialogue, especially given the importanceof Wales to Geoffrey and his work. To that end, many of the essays are writtenby specialists in Welsh history and literature, whose voices have at times beenhard to discern in the general din of Galfridian scholarship. We have also askedcontributors to focus on all of Geoffrey’s work, and not merely the Arthuriansections. Geoffrey has been well-served by Arthurian scholarship, and we haveno desire to replicate many of the excellent recent studies in that field.7 Instead,we hope a holistic approach to his work will reveal subtleties often overlookedin scholarship that concentrates primarily on the Arthurian portions.

      A fairly concise statement of the aims of this book

    3. For a list of PM manuscripts, see Crick, SC, pp. 330–32.

      There are 80 copies of the manuscript of Prophetiae Merlini by Geoffrey of Monmouth.

    4. Geoffrey included the PM in his next work, the De gestis Britonum(“On the Deeds of the Britons”, hereafter abbreviated DGB). He had finishedthis work by January 1139 at the latest, when Henry of Huntingdon reports hisastonishment at finding a copy at the abbey of Le Bec.3 The count of survivingmedieval manuscripts of the DGB is now 225, making Geoffrey one of the mostwidely-read secular authors from medieval Britain.4
    5. third and final extant work is the Vita Merlini (“The Life of Merlin”, hereafterabbreviated VM), completed around 1150 and extant in only four independentmanuscripts.6 Written in dactylic hexameter, this poem recounts how MerlinSilvester goes mad after battle and retires to the woods to live; this enigmaticand difficult work seems to be deeply in touch with Welsh literature, thoughits ultimate sources are unknown.
    6. Until recently, Geoffrey’s history was called the Historia regum Britanniae(“The History of the Kings of Britain”), but Michael D. Reeve’s textual studyhas confirmed that the title used in the earliest manuscripts, and by Geoffreyhimself, was the De gestis Britonum.5 After much debate among contributors,this volume begins the lugubrious process of using the original title in place ofthe received one.
    7. Henley, Georgia, and Joshua Byron Smith, eds. A Companion to Geoffrey of Monmouth. Brill’s Companions to European History 22. Brill, 2020. http://archive.org/details/oapen-20.500.12657-42537.

    1. AI alignment researchers estimate less than a 10% chance that we lose control of superintelligent AI once it’s built. More typical estimates range from 10-80%, depending on who you ask.

      for - stats - chances of losing control of ASI - 10 to 80%

    2. as we get closer to superintelligence, it will be seen more and more as an enabler and driver of weapon of mass destruction (WMD) capabilities, if not as a WMD in and of itself. Direct calls for a “Manhattan Project for AGI” are already starting.

      for - quote - AGI - Weapon of Mass Destruction

      quote - As we get closer to superintelligence, - it will be seen more and more as an enabler and driver of - weapon of mass destruction (WMD) capabilities, - if not as a WMD in and of itself. - Direct calls for a “Manhattan Project for AGI” are already starting.

    3. The "move fast and break things" ethos of Silicon Valley is incompatible with the security demands of superintelligence

      for - progress trap - AGI - Silicon Valley move fast and break things strategy - incompatible with security of AGI

    1. 2024 verzeichnete die zwölf bis ihr heißesten Monate in Europa. Über 400.000 Menschen waren direkt von den Folgen von Extremwetterereignissen betroffen. Über 30% der Flussgebiete In über 30% der Flussgebiete gab es schwere Überschwemme. Ausmaß und Erhezung, Ausmaß und Folgen der Erhezung in Europa werden systematisch in dem Berichtsteht auf Sie klimat 2024 erfasst, der von Copernicus und der WMU veröffentlicht wurde. https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/apr/15/europe-storms-floods-and-wildfires-in-2024-affected-more-than-400000

    1. I had the Android Emulator in my laptop, which I used to install the application, add our insurance information and figure out where to go. Just to be safe, I also ordered an Android phone to be delivered to me while I went to the hospital, where I used my iPhone's hotspot to set it up and show all the insurance information to the hospital staff.

      If only there were some sort of highly accessible information system that was designed to make resources available from anywhere in the world without any higher requirement besides relatively simple and ubiquitous client software. Developers might then not be compelled to churn out bespoke programs that effectively lock up the data (and prevent it from being referenced, viewed, and kept within arm's reach of the people that are its intended consumers).

    1. In 2023, the reported global installed capacity of FPVwas 2.55 GWp and practical potential electricity generationfrom FPV might be able to produce up to 9434 TWh year−1with 30% array coverage on >100,000 reservoirs.

      This sentence provides a global overview of floating solar installations and the number of reservoirs, grounding the research in a broader spatial context.

    2. The ponds used in this study havealmost no watershed and are not connected to a stream orriver, thus limiting inputs of organic matter and nutrients fromoutside the ecosystem

      This sentence describes the unique hydrological features of the study pond, highlighting the specific local setting of the research.

    3. Sustainability trade-offs of FPV in aquatic ecosystems aredriven by a range of interactive factors, and the goal of net-zeroemissions is affected by biogeochemical processes on land andin water.

      Saying that land and water-based biogeochemical processes affect sustainability and net-zero goals reflects broader environmental systems science.

    4. Shifts in primaryproducer abundance and dominance following FPV installationmight influence GHG cycling in several ways, including byaltering rates of photosynthesis and CO2 uptake,51,52 loading oforganic matter to the sediment,29 and mixing and stratificationdynamics.

      This sentence is grounded in ecological biogeochemistry, since it connects changes in primary producers to shifts in greenhouse gas cycling.

    5. Changes in sediment and watercolumn respiration also will be reflected in water column GHGdynamics (e.g., increased concentrations of CO2 and CH4following panel installation) and air−water GHG ex-change.

      The idea that sediment and water column respiration influence gas concentrations comes from well-established knowledge in lake ecology and physical biogeochemistry.

    6. The sum of GHG effectsassociated with FPV can be represented by air−water GHGexchange that integrates GHG dynamics taking place withinthe waterbody

      Explaining greenhouse gas behavior in water bodies through air-water exchange is based on biogeochemical science — it's a key part of how we understand these systems.

    7. GHG emissions associated with water-use change duringand after FPV installation require different considerations andaccounting than for terrestrial PV

      This sentence draws from knowledge in aquatic ecosystems and Earth system science, since it looks at how FPV installations might change water use and affect greenhouse gas emissions

    8. following FPV deployment, ponds with FPV becamecolder than ponds without and tended to have more uniformtemperatures throughout the water column (Figure S1).

      They’re considering how this particular site reacts to temperature changes, based on local physical and chemical conditions. That shows good awareness of the place-based context

    9. Experimental Ponds facility to estimate an annual pondemission enrichment of 151.3 g of CO2-eq m−2 year−1 forponds with FPV.

      The data comes from a specific site, so it’s clearly grounded in a real place, not just theory.

    10. We can combine the average difference in GHG emissions inponds with and without FPV determined here with apreviously published annual GHG budget for the Cornell

      The data comes from a specific site, so it’s clearly grounded in a real place, not just theory.

    11. Ebullitive CH4 emissions were onaverage nearly twice as high in ponds with FPV (0.21 ± 0.04mmol CH4 m−2 h−1) compared to ponds without FPV (0.11 ±0.02 mmol CH4 m−2 h−1) following FPV installation (p =0.031; Figure 5).

      The increase in CH₄ ebullition is based on existing knowledge of methane production mechanisms in ecosystems.

    12. Gas transfer velocities (i.e., k600values) in the FPV-covered center of ponds were 4 times lowerfor CO2 (1.27 ± 0.18 cm h−1) and 3 times lower for CH4 (1.42± 0.59 cm h−1) than open pond centers in ponds without FPV(5.42 ± 2.23 and 4.25 ± 1.22 cm h−1 for CO2 and CH4respectively; Table S3), though these differences were notstatistically significant (p = 0.157 for k600CO2 and p = 0.107 fork600CH4), most likely due to the relatively small sample size.

      The concept of gas transfer velocity reflects the theoretical knowledge framework regarding GHG exchange between the atmosphere and aquatic systems.

    13. In both treatments, CH4 dynamics followed seasonalpatterns, with the highest concentrations occurring duringwarm summer months

      Seasonal variation in CH₄ concentration is based on established ecological knowledge.

    14. Ebullitive CH4 fluxesfollowed typical seasonal patterns in ponds both with andwithout FPV

      The seasonal CH₄ flux pattern reflects biogeochemical knowledge.

    15. wind speed was determinedby correcting wind speed data from the Ithaca-Tompkinsweather station (NOAA Station WBAN-94761), which islocated ∼2 km from the experimental ponds, using a previouslyestablished correction factor.

      This refers to the spatial distance information used to apply external weather data to the pond experiment site.

    16. We sampled 16 ponds at theCornell Experimental Ponds Facility in Ithaca, NY, USA, insummer 2022 to identify six ponds that were most similarbased on the plant community, temperature, dissolved oxygen,pH, conductivity, dissolved nutrients, and dissolved GHGconcentration

      Geographic information such as the specific location of the study site and the number of ponds is included.

    17. We deployed FPV arrays on constructed ponds at the CornellExperimental Pond Facility in New York, USA in summer2023 (Figure 1).

      The study clearly describes the location and timing of the research.

    18. CH4 ebullition from small waterbodies is also controlled byfactors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, and organicmatter availability that are likely affected by FPV installa-tion.

      This sentence applies established expert knowledge of the biogeochemical factors influencing methane ebullition in small water bodies.

    19. Production and consumption of CO2 and CH4 in ponds,lakes, and reservoirs are dependent on dissolved oxygen,temperature, and the balance between primary production andrespiration

      This sentence draws on biogeochemical knowledge of carbon and methane cycling in ponds, lakes, and reservoirs.

    20. Energy production technologies require land and can alterlandscape GHG emissions,16−20 which may be particularlyimportant when considering the carbon cost of renewableenergy production from technologies touted as low carbon.

      This sentence reflects established environmental engineering and Earth system science knowledge that energy technologies influence greenhouse gas emissions through land use changes.

    21. FPVdeployment may alter greenhouse gas (GHG) production and emissions fromwaterbodies by changing physical, chemical, and biological processes, which canhave implications for the carbon cost of energy production with FPV.

      This sentence is based on established ecological and geochemical knowledge that physical, chemical, and biological processes in aquatic ecosystems are linked to greenhouse gas emissions.

    1. Demir and Taşkın (2013) conducted the LCA of a con-ceptual wind farm at a designated area in Turkey with highwind potential.

      The study is based on the wind resource characteristics specific to Turkey.

    2. the results of this study were compared withsimilar studies specific to Turkey and findings of the reviewstudies.

      It reflects the regional characteristics of Turkey.

    3. the manufacturing location is changed to the Aegean regionof Turkey, and these parts are transported to construction siteby trucks covering a distance of 600 km.

      It includes information on specific regions in Turkey and transportation distances.

    4. Caduff et al. 2012 states that environmental impact pergenerated energy decreases as the turbine gets bigger.

      Existing studies have examined the relationship between turbine size and environmental impact.

    5. Capacity factor is an important variablewhich defines the total energy production of the wind farmand hence affects the environmental impacts directly.

      The capacity factor is widely recognized as a key variable influencing the environmental impact of wind energy systems.

    6. Another importantresult of the mentioned review is that impacts due to trans-portation have minor contributions on the total burdens(Arvesen and Hertwich 2012)

      There is a general consensus in the literature that transportation contributes minimally to the overall environmental impact of wind power.

    7. According to this review, for onshore wind farms,production of turbine components cause most of the emis-sions, which is in line with the results of this study as givenin Fig. 3 (Arvesen and Hertwich 2012)

      Previous studies have identified turbine manufacturing as the primary source of emissions in wind power systems.

    8. Arvesen and Hertwich (2012) conducted an extensiveliterature review on LCA of energy generation from windpower by investigating 44 cases.

      It summarizes the existing body of knowledge regarding the life cycle assessment (LCA) of wind power.

    9. From another point of view the following evaluations arederived for the manufacturing and installation phase. Use ofnon-renewable energy sources, in other words, use of coal,natural gas and crude oil are the main contributors of ADPfossil. The main reasons for AP are nitrogen oxide and sul-phur dioxide emissions to atmosphere. Emission of nitrogenoxides to atmosphere, on the other hand, is mainly responsiblefor EP. Trichlorofluoromethane and dichlorotetrafluoroethane

      The theoretical understanding of the roles of air and water pollutants in each impact category reflects the established systematic knowledge in environmental engineering.

    10. Razdan and Garrett(2015) found similar environmental credits for impacts as92% of the steel, aluminium and copper originating from thewind farm was recycled, and the rest was sent to a landfillafter dismantling.

      The results are supported by examples from other studies.

    11. In another study dealingwith the whole life cycle stages of a wind farm, foundationwas not dismantled, all of the composite rotor wastes weresent to incineration; glass content was directed towards alandfill; and 20% of the rest was recycled (Xu et al. 2018).

      The comparison of resource recovery and impact outcomes is based on knowledge from full life cycle studies of wind power plants.

    12. A cra-dle-to-grave LCA study performed on a 50-MW onshorewind plant with a 20-year lifetime showed similar negativeimpacts for decommissioning phase (Garret and Ronde,2013)

      The environmental impacts of the decommissioning phase are explained by referencing knowledge from previous LCA studies.

    13. The wind farm is an onshore facility located in the Marmararegion near Istanbul.

      The sentence reveals that the wind power plant under investigation is located in the Marmara region near Istanbul, Turkey, thus indicating that the research is situated within a specific geographical context.

    14. Characterization factors in CML 2001 methodologyare adopted to convert the flows into impact categories(Guinée et al. 2002)

      CML 2001 is a widely used knowledge system in environmental impact assessment, and the adoption of this framework in the present study to convert flow data into impact categories indicates the study’s grounding in an established body of knowledge.

    15. In this sense, this study is the first one thatmodels the data obtained directly from an actual Turkishwind farm.

      This sentence emphasizes the localized nature of the data used in the study.

    16. As of the end of 2019, Turkey has 198wind power plants with a total installed capacity of 8056MW in operation (TWEA 2020).

      Also presents spatially specific data that characterize Turkey’s wind energy infrastructure.

    17. According to the data presented by theTurkish Wind Energy Association, currently 7.42% of thetotal Turkish electricity generation is originating from windfarms (TWEA 2020).

      Provides statistical data specific to Turkey, contributing to understanding the local context of energy generation.

    18. The 2015–2019 strategic plan prepared by theTurkish Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources statesthat financial incentives will be taken to encourage renew-able energy investments in Turkey (MoENR 2017).

      Refers to specific national policies and plans that relate to Turkey’s geographical and political context.

    19. Along withobtaining environmental performances of energy technolo-gies, LCA studies aid lowering the unwanted environmentalimpacts (Strantzali and Aravossis 2016), examining environ-mental trade-offs (Modahl et al. 2012) and evaluating decar-bonization potentials (Ramirez et al. 2020).

      This sentence highlights the established knowledge about LCA’s capabilities(how it supports understanding trade-offs and environmental performance), thus representing the field’s conceptual framework.

    20. Although there are literature involving theenvironmental impacts of wind farms (Garrett and Rønde2013; Rashedi et al. 2013; Uddin and Kumar 2014; Var-gas et al. 2015) through LCA methodology as well as com-prehensive reviews of LCA of wind energy (Arvesen andHertwich 2012; Davidsson et al. 2012), it is a well-knownfact that obtaining reliable results depends on the usage ofsite-specific data.

      This sentence discusses the scholarly consensus about LCA’s dependency on accurate, localized data, indicating a core component of LCA knowledge systems.

    21. Application of LCA methodology on various processes/products/services is known to create fruitful outcomes thatwill guide the decision-makers, manufacturers, researchersin developing sound strategies to lower the unfavour-able environmental impacts of such activities.

      This sentence reflects the knowledge system of Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) as a scientific approach applied broadly across sectors to understand and mitigate environmental impacts.

    22. The facility in question is an onshore wind farm located in Turkey with a total installed capacity of 47.5 MWconsisting of 2.5 MW Nordex wind turbines.

      It provides location-specific information about the wind farm in Turkey, demonstrating local geographical knowledge.

    23. Therefore, it is beneficial to employ holistic methodologiessuch as life cycle assessment (LCA) to investigate the pos-sible trade-offs between different impact categories.

      This sentence references a specific knowledge system (LCA) used to understand and evaluate environmental impacts, fitting the definition of a body of knowledge.

    1. Respect entails an understanding of the socioec-ological context of research as it relates to people and place.

      It specifies the importance of understanding the research context as place-based.

    2. There may be other considerations thatare context-specific to a particular culture, such as resourcestewardship institutions or responsibilities that have beendeveloped through years of experience and practice (Turnerand Berkes 2006; Reid et al. 2020)

      It describes locally grounded experiences and institutions related to resource management.

    3. scientists must recog-nize that Indigenous peoples have rights to self-determination,which extends to research partnerships and the creation anddissemination of new knowledge.

      The right to self-determination and sovereignty over knowledge production is related to the subjectivity of knowledge systems.

    4. There is often an assumption –one we wish to avoid perpetuating here – that IK must be sub-sumed within Western scientific frameworks of knowledge,which can force Indigenous peoples to express themselves inways potentially contradictory to their own value and belief sys-tems (Nadasdy 1999). This practice can distort the accuracy andapplicability of IK, and is harmful to Indigenous ways of being.

      It discusses the issues and conflicts arising from Western scientific centrism infringing upon the epistemology of IK.

    5. Collaborative research with Indigenous partners requiresrecognition that science and scientists have in the past and con-tinue at present to (1) impose harm on Indigenous peoples; (2)discount IK; and (3) inappropriately reproduce, apply, or other-wise use information derived from IK (Pierotti 2012; Berkes2018)

      It includes a reflection on how scientific knowledge has historically treated IK, addressing the power dynamics between knowledge systems.

    6. Those seeking collaborations should be acutely aware thatclear tensions exist between IK and Western science epistemolo-gies.

      It points out the fundamental differences between Indigenous Knowledge (IK) and the epistemology of Western science.

    7. Manyterritories in which cultural and knowledge transmission isongoing also tend to be remote and biodiverse, which posi-tion these title holders (that is, legal owners of land in thecontext of Indigenous laws) as natural biodiversity specialists(Figure 5; Garnett et al. 2018

      Describes a knowledge base accumulated through residence in specific areas (remote or biodiversity-rich locations).

    8. This knowledge was in part derivedfrom how the area’s Haíɫzaqv people related to wolves; people ofthe territory also differ, depending on whether lineages originatefrom mainland or island areas.

      Demonstrates the place-based cultural and ecological relationships of the Haíɫzaqv people.

    9. Relational understanding was showcased in an example fromcoastal British Columbia, where IK holders shared knowledge oftwo wolf (Canis lupus) forms, locally referred to as “timberwolves” of the mainland and “coastal wolves” of the immediatelyadjacent offshore islands

      Knowledge based on species diversity and local experience in a specific geographical location (the coast of British Columbia).

    10. The conclusions drawn from IK have interdisciplinary rele-vance as well.

      It states that IK functions as a multidisciplinary value system and knowledge framework.

    11. Knowledge holders acrossdistinct cultures and environments accumulate information innumerous ways, including harvesting, observation, animalhusbandry, and experimentation, all supplemented by teach-ings from oral histories and cultural practices (Turner et al.2000; Berkes and Berkes 2009)

      It outlines the structure of knowledge in IK, including specific methods of accumulation such as harvesting, observation, and experimentation.

    12. Research at the IK–science interface can benefit from thediversity inherent in IK approaches

      The diversity of IK approaches is considered a knowledge characteristic in and of itself.

    13. Suchrecognition of system complexity (including synergistic and con-founding variables) is characteristic of IK, with the holistic viewsof ecosystems stemming in part from “relational” understandingsamong ecosystem components, including humans (Cajete 1995;Turner et al. 2000; Atleo 2011

      An ecological understanding centered on complexity and relationships within systems is identified as a core knowledge feature of IK.

    14. considered by science, a reality supported by the fact thatIndigenous peoples themselves regularly form and testhypotheses (Cajete 1995; Atleo 2011).

      It explicitly refers to "Indigenous ways of knowing" and describes their ability to form predictions and hypotheses as part of a knowledge system.

    15. Hypotheses constructed within the borders of scientificknowledge may be limited in complex or little-studied systems, aconstraint IK can address.

      It explains the limitations of scientific knowledge and the systematic potential of IK to complement them.

    16. Indigenousways of knowing can shape and detail predictions not

      It explicitly refers to "Indigenous ways of knowing" and describes their ability to form predictions and hypotheses as part of a knowledge system.

    17. Insights from IK can be relevant at many stages of theresearch process, including but not limited to project con-ceptualization and hypothesis development.

      It emphasizes the role of IK in research design and hypothesis development, highlighting its function as a knowledge system.

    18. IK is often closely rooted in human survival and relation-ships between people and nature, and may furthermoretightly couple knowledge accumulation with cultural respon-sibility (Reid et al. 2020)

      It describes the underlying philosophy and structure of IK, including how knowledge is accumulated and integrated with cultural responsibilities.

    19. IK and science can share common properties andoffer complementary conceptual underpinnings

      It explains the shared characteristics and conceptual foundations of IK and science, discussing the structural nature of both knowledge systems.

    20. Anexample of how IK can provide information about healthand body condition comes from East Africa. In Kenya andSouth Sudan,

      It applies place-based veterinary knowledge to the East African region.

    21. Eckert et al. (2018), forinstance, quantified size changes in yelloweye rockfish(Sebastes ruberrimus) based on historical accounts from theHaíɫzaqv, Kitasoo/Xai’xais, Nuxalk, and Wuikinuxv peoplesof western Canada.

      It is place-based biological knowledge about a specific marine ecosystem in western Canada.

    22. In the meridianAmazon of Brazil, dos Santos and Antonini (2008), in docu-menting Enawene-Nawe knowledge of stingless bees, foundthat IK holders could discriminate among 48 different spe-cies and specify the ecological niche of each species.

      It is region-specific identification knowledge of certain biological species in the Amazon region.

    23. Lee et al. (2018) coupled historical observations from theHaíɫzaqv First Nation of British Columbia with zooarchaeo-logical and scientific data to estimate northern abalone(Haliotis kamtschatkana) abundance on the Pacific coast ofCanada from the Holocene to the present.

      It refers to information tied to a specific time and place (past to present, in British Columbia).

    24. Polfus et al. (2014) developed habitatmodels for woodland caribou (Rangifer tarandus caribou)based on IK from the Taku River Tlingit First Nation ofnorthern British Columbia, and showed a high degree ofsimilarity between resource selection functions (RSF) thatestimated habitat use derived from IK and collared caribou.

      It describes a specific methodology involving the development of a habitat model using IK. / It utilizes place-based information about habitats in a specific region (northern British Columbia).

    25. in HaíɫzaqvTerritory (coastal British Columbia), explic-itly guided by the Gvi’ilas (customary law) ofthe Haíɫzaqv people. The approach combinedHaíɫzaqv cultural values with their knowl-edge of bears, salmon, and people in animportant large watershed.

      It clearly addresses the place-based knowledge of a specific region (Haíɫzaqv territory, including the ecology of bears and salmon).

    26. Place- basedknowledge of bear ecology guided theresearch design by informing the spatial

      It incorporates field-based knowledge into research design and uses non-invasive methods (e.g., hair snares), as well as place-based information about specific habitat areas.

    27. Drawing on millennia-old accumulation of knowledge andits contemporary recognition by others, IK has informed,enhanced, and complemented the study of ecology, evolu-tion, and related fields (Figure 2)

      They explain the intellectual role of IK in complementing and understanding existing scientific fields such as ecology and evolutionary biology.

    28. IK has been recognizedin the scholarly literature as having enriched understandingof a range of individual-level processes, including behavior(eg Bonta et al. 2017) and habitat selection (eg Polfus et al.2014)

      They demonstrate how IK contributes to understanding biological phenomena such as behavior and habitat selection.

    29. IK has also contributed to the literature on population- toecosystem-level processes.

      They show the breadth of knowledge that extends beyond the individual level to populations and ecosystems.

    30. IK can also address processes at the community and ecosys-tem levels, including interspecific interactions (eg Wehi 2009)and ecosystem function (eg Savo et al. 2016)

      They explain how IK contributes to key scientific concepts such as ecosystem functions and species interactions.

    31. IK has also contributed to understanding related to evolu-tion in many systems.

      They explicitly state IK’s contribution to understanding evolution.

    32. Understanding of physiology can also emerge from long-term observations, including harvesting and preparingplants and animals for food, medicine, shelter, clothes, andmore.

      They mention IK’s contribution to knowledge of physiology (metabolism, morphology…)

    33. IK is distinct from science, localknowledge, and citizen science in that it includes not only directobservation and interaction with plants, animals, and ecosystems,but also a broad spectrum of cultural and spiritual knowledgesand values that underpin human–environment relationships(Berkes 2018)

      By distinguishing IK from science, local knowledge, and citizen science, it clearly demonstrates that IK is a complex knowledge system with its own unique characteristics.

    34. IK in itsbroad scope also includes “Traditional Ecological Knowledge”(TEK) and “Indigenous Ecological Knowledge” (IEK) whenknowledge relates to ecology.

      It explains the internal categorization of IK—such as Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) and Indigenous Ecological Knowledge (IEK)—within the ecological context, highlighting detailed knowledge types within the knowledge system.

    35. IK is generally thought ofas a body of place-based knowledges accumulated and transmit-ted across generations within specific cultural contexts.

      The use of the term 'place-based' emphasizes the locality and place-oriented nature of IK.

    36. Application ofthese broad and deep knowledges in a scientific context hasled to many contributions to the literature in ecology,evolution, and related fields

      This sentence shows how IK has contributed to various academic disciplines, emphasizing IK as a knowledge system specific to certain fields.

    37. Despite its millennia-long and continued application by Indigenous peoples to environ-mental management, non- Indigenous “Western” scientific research and management have only recently considered IK.

      It indicates that IK has long been used for environmental management, and explains that Western science has only recently come to recognize this knowledge.

    38. Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is the collective term to represent the many place-based knowledges accumulated across generationswithin myriad specific cultural contexts.

      This description shows that place-based knowledge has been accumulated over generations, indicating that Indigenous Knowledge (IK) is an independent system of knowledge in its own right.

    1. It’s also timely for New York state, where floating solar could be considered as an alternative to terrestrial solar and is the source of debate and exploration.

      It presents a clear place-based knowledge by addressing policy and technology discussions in the regional context of New York State.

    2. three ponds at the Cornell Experimental Pond Facility

      This experiment was conducted at a specific site (Cornell Experimental Pond Facility)

    3. The data is particularly important because much of the floating solar development in the U.S. is currently happening on small lakes and ponds

      This sentence emphasizes the regional context of the U.S., particularly the expansion of the technology on small ponds and lakes.

    4. “If you look at the history of energy transitions – from wood to fossil fuels, for example – everything was based on energy production, and the environment wasn’t taken into consideration

      By explaining the historical background of the energy transition and criticizing how past knowledge systems neglected environmental considerations, this sentence proposes a new direction for the evolving body of knowledge.

    5. “There have been a flurry of papers about floating solar, but it’s mostly modeling and projections,” said Steven Grodsky

      This sentence points out that existing studies have mostly been limited to modeling and forecasting, thereby indicating the limitations of current academic knowledge.

    6. While floating solar – the emerging practice of putting solar panels on bodies of water – is promising in its efficiency and its potential to spare agricultural and conservation lands, a new experiment finds environmental trade-offs.

      By highlighting the attention that the technology of floating solar has received for its efficiency and land-saving benefits, this sentence presents the broader academic background surrounding this technology.

    1. Understanding of physiology can also emerge from long-term observations, including harvesting and preparingplants and animals for food, medicine, shelter, clothes, andmore.

      They mention IK’s contribution to knowledge of physiology (metabolism, morphology...)

    2. IK has also contributed to understanding related to evolu-tion in many systems.

      They explicitly state IK’s contribution to understanding evolution.

    3. IK can also address processes at the community and ecosys-tem levels, including interspecific interactions (eg Wehi 2009)and ecosystem function (eg Savo et al. 2016)

      They explain how IK contributes to key scientific concepts such as ecosystem functions and species interactions.

    4. IK has also contributed to the literature on population- toecosystem-level processes.

      They show the breadth of knowledge that extends beyond the individual level to populations and ecosystems.