Exchange value

Invest in data sharing systems to track work-based learning participation and outcomesand inform student and employer decision-makingWhen designed well, integrated data systems — such as state longitudinal data systems orP-20W data systems — can connect information across education, workforce, and employersystems (e.g., adding a job type field to UI wage records or tracking WBL experiences on collegetranscripts), helping leaders, employers, and learners understand who is participating, wheregaps exist, and which programs are delivering strong outcomes.

Lipson says policymakers must ask whether we’re dealing with a skills problem, a matching problem, a true lack of demand with too few entry-level jobs, or a price problem where young workers cost too much relative to expected productivity.

proband

The aims of this study were to: (i) explore health professional views of the enablers and barriers to delivering evidence-based patient falls prevention education programs in hospitals; and (ii) understand health professional perceptions of appropriate educational delivery for hospitalised patients.

Since nursing and allied health professionals are the main providers of falls prevention education in hospitals, it is imperative for them to deliver patient education effectively, with consideration to evidence-based approaches.

n developmentalterms, the child/adolescent is seen as prematurely exposed to adult knowledge, assumingextensive adult roles and responsibilities within their family

with contributions from security researchers at Anthropic, OpenAI, and Google

Due to a misunderstanding between us and our evaluation partner, this was not the case, and internet access was available

By ByteBot Share TanStack Start hit Release Candidate status in early 2026 as a full-stack React framework that challenges Next.js’s dominance with a radically different philosophy: client-first, not server-first. Built on TanStack Router, Vite, and Nitro, it delivers server-side rendering, streaming, and server functions without forcing developers into the server-centric mental model that’s become React’s default. If Next.js’s opinionated approach or React Server Components feel heavy-handed, TanStack Start offers breathing room.

“I'm all in favor of keeping dangerous weapons out of the hands of fools. Let's start with typewriters.” ― Frank Lloyd Wright

Yes, this was one of the oldest, most unique typewriters with history in a while, last one before this was Larry McMurtry's Hermes 3000. Before those I was both Erma Bombeck and Paul Harvey's typewriter tech, both used IBM selectric's

1st hand, Because his assistant was the one who contacted me first, then I talk to Larry via phone, after working on 2 Hermes 3000's, the 3rd typewriter I delivered myself to him at his place in Tucson. After he died, all 12 of his Hermes 3000's were auctioned of for about $3000.00 ea, I was hoping he would have willed those to me . . . .

supporting K-12 schools to implement coherent instruction and colleges and universities to holistically meet the needs of their students is among the hardest, most necessary work in education

Drawn from Chapter 5

D

Student sample: The Age of Innocence by Edith Wharton

Inthe 1880s, it was considered insulting touse typewriters for private correspon-dence. It was thought, for instance, thata typewritten letter from a man was notreally personal because it would gener-ally have required a professionaloperator's help to produce.

Berkeley’s subject catalogue is already gone. Though it was more or less frozen in the nineteen-eighties, it was nonetheless very efficient for some kinds of searches: if the primary sources in your field were published in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, you don’t want your retrievals spread among the thousands of irrelevant records that a mechanical database subject haul brings up. Any drawer of an out-of-date paper catalogue represents the equivalent of a filtered computer search, a Boolean date-limited search, of a very sophisticated sort—in fact, one drawer represents the outcome of a kind of search that most on-line catalogues can’t and won’t ever be able to perform, since it offers clues to what books were in the library during different eras. If in seventy years a historian of science (say) wants to know whether some Nobel-laureate physics professor could possibly have seen and been influenced by a certain out-of-the-way Dutch mathematical monograph from the thirties which bears important similarities to his work—whether, that is, it was part of the library’s collection during the period when the professor was developing his ideas or was acquired only after the professor’s papers were published (perhaps acquired by the library as a gift from the professor’s estate, in fact, because the professor was sent the monograph by the Dutchman himself, anxious to establish primacy)—the historian of science will have little chance of finding an answer to his question now, because the computer record will bear the (to him) meaningless date of the retrospective conversion of the card, i.e., sometime in the late eighties or early nineties, which has no relation to the time that the card was originally produced (and the book placed on the shelf), whereas the original card, even if it bore no direct date of creation, would have exhibited distinct features (typewriter style, format, cataloguing conventions) that might have enabled a cataloguecard paleographer to place it within a five-year Period.

In 1848, Antonio Panizzi, Keeper of Printed Books for the British Museum, had a similar notion:By an alphabetical catalogue it is understood that the titles be entered in it under some “headings” alphabetically arranged. Now, inasmuch as in a large. library no one can know beforehand the j uxtaposition of these headings, and it would beimpossible to arrange them in the requisite order, if they cannot be easily shifted, each title is therefore written on separate “slips” of paper . . . which are frequently changed from one place to another as required. It is selfevident that if these “slips . . . be not uniform, both in size or substance, their arrangement will cause mechanical difficulties which take time and trouble to overcome.

N-LINE catalogues are wonderful things in principle—things of efficacy, and even, occasionally (as in the case of O.C.L.C.’s Online Union Catalog), of grandeur. As a result of the publicly financed expansion of higher education in the sixties, and the boom in academic publishing that followed it, the holdings of the typical university library have doubled over the last twenty years. Without on-line catalogues, and the circulation and acquisition modules of software with which on-line catalogues are linked, libraries would simply not have been able to process all the books and journals that were arriving on their loading docks. By the early seventies, there was an ominous arrearage of uncatalogued material waiting on herds of rolling carts near the overtaxed cataloguing departments of most large libraries. Cataloguing had reached a state of crisis similar to the one that forced the financial markets to close early during some of the high-volume weeks of 1969, when Wall Street’s paper-based methods of order processing couldn’t keep up with each day’s orders to buy and sell stock. Computerized stock-execution saved Wall Street (and made program trading and Brack Monday possible, too), and computerized cataloguing procedures saved libraries.

It is true that they seldom have formal training in the intricacies of the cataloguer’s art: they are not necessarily up on the elaborate Anglo-American cataloguing rules, nor are they current concerning the periodic “Rrs, or Rule Interpretations, issued by the Library of Congress, which—like hermeneutical dispatches from the I.R.S. or the Financial Accounting Standards perplexing cases in classification as they emerge. Most operators have had no library-school courses in the Dewey Decimal system (still thriving, by the way, and very big in Europe), or the “Sears List of Subject Headings,” or Cutter numbers, or the abbreviational niceties of the International Standard Bibliographic Description (I.S.B.D.) format—but they do apparently pick up a great deal as they go.

Timothy Kohler and Michael Smith’s edited volume Ten Thousand Years of Inequality (2018), calculating Gini coefficients for multiple ancient societies, perhaps appeared too late for Graeber and Wengrow to take it into account, but the broad patterns that are emerging seem to owe little to prehistoric peoples’ will to imagine different possibilities.

How would we know whether the cases that Graeber and Wengrow explore are sufficient to falsify the evolutionists’ claims?

Monuments Without AgricultureIt used to be a truism among archaeologists that farmers build monuments, mobilizing huge amounts of labor, but foragers do not. This, we now know, is overstated. The most famous exception is Göbekli Tepe, an extraordinary cluster of sunken chambers with massive, carved stone pillars near the Turko-Syrian border. Construction began here by 9500 BCE, just as experiments with domestication were beginning not far to the south, but all the evidence suggests that the builders were hunters and gatherers.16 Stonehenge, the most famous prehistoric monument of all, was built between roughly 3000 and 2600 BCE by herders rather than farmers,17 but as early as 8000 BCE, foragers had set up a series of monumental posts (perhaps totem poles) at the site. At Locqmariaquer in Brittany, fishermen dragged a 20-meter-tall, 350-ton stone stele for 5 kilometers around 4500 BCE and then erected it over a communal tomb. In coastal Peru, other fishermen started building mounds at Aspero, Caral, and Sechin Bajo before 3700 BCE. Foragers in Louisiana heaped up giant earthworks at Watson Brake around 3400 BCE and even bigger ones, using a standardized unit of measurement, at Poverty Point around 1600 BCE.18

Across the last 20 years, evolutionists have adopted more sophisticated frameworks (such as niche construction theory) to accommodate the new findings, and Stephen Shennan’s superb book First Farmers of Europe provides a thorough and convincing evolutionary account of the origins and expansion of agriculture.15

Since the 2000s, archaeologists and paleobotanists have moved away from three older theories about the origins of agriculture—first, that population growth after the end of the Ice Age (around 9650 BCE) drove experiments with gardening and herding that led to the domestication of plants and animals in the Near East; second, that domestication happened in a few core regions of the Near East and then spread steadily outward; and third, that farming inexorably drove processes of sedentism, rising labor inputs, and increasing inequality. Instead, most experts now suggest that the relationship between population and domestication was complicated and variable; that experiments with cultivating plants went on in multiple locations, particularly wetlands; that domesticated plants caught on extremely slowly, needing 3,000 years (ca. 9500–6500 BCE) to go from under 20% of assemblages to over 80%; that the drift toward domesticated resources was regularly reversed; that rather than causing sedentism, domestication was often its consequence; that sedentism and experiments with plant cultivation began as early as 21,000 BCE, at the coldest point in the last Ice Age; and that there is little sign of institutionalized inequality in the Near East before about 5500 BCE.14

Allen Johnson and Timothy Earle’s widely read book The Evolution of Human Societies, which uses the Great Basin Shoshone of a century ago as one of its key case studies. Like the Cheyenne, the Shoshone spent most of the year in unranked, family-sized groups, but some of them periodically granted “rabbit bosses” and “antelope shamans” far-reaching powers to coordinate large-scale hunting and trapping.

In what follows, I take evolutionists to be scholars who see some conceptual continuity between human history and biological evolution, who consider sociocultural evolution to be governed by identifiable mechanisms functioning somewhat like natural selection, who see these mechanisms as involving adaptation to the environment, who believe that the mechanisms operate on all societies regardless of time and space, and—usually, but not always—who recognize stages of social and cultural evolution, from egalitarian foraging bands through hierarchical agricultural empires and pastoral tribes, to modern fossil-fuel-based nation-states.

whether Graeber and Wengrow commit so many howlers that their central thesis is invalidated.

Where Harari and Diamond offered evolutionist accounts of history,3 Graeber and Wengrow are explicitly anti-evolutionist. Dawn deserves admiration for being the most extended and detailed rebuttal to evolutionism this century—and it provokes exasperation for precisely the same reason.

the ordinary 'stock cards' furnished by firms for card cataloguepurposes. In large quantities they should be obtained in thisway ruled, cut, and printed, for $1.35$1.50 per M

This model gives both learners and employers clarity and confidence around competencies without having to interpret them from college transcripts or job descriptions.

It enables states to document whether programs are producing graduates with the skills and competencies that regional economies need. Better than the first-job earnings metrics in place today, a quality assurance model can confirm whether credentials are truly delivering verified skills that matter and are producing measurable mobility for learners, employers, and communities.

these programs lead to credentials that deliver value because skills and learning outcomes are transparent, credible, and comparable.

We should applaud the new federal “do no harm” standards and other accountability measures that raise the bar. But our nation’s colleges and universities must aim higher by seeking to do good throughout the lives of their learners.

20 years Age of onset 3 years 9 years

Exxon started giving money for climate research to Columbia University’s Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory in the late 1970s. Then in 1991, the company funded the launch of the Joint Program on the Science and Policy of Global Change at Massachusetts Institute of Technology, according to the program’s former co-director, Henry Jacoby. Chevron, Shell and BP also later supported the program, which developed influential climate-related models.

It will be decided by who builds the best worlds for models to learn in, the best guardrails for them to operate within, and the best games to discover what they can actually do.

Premise 2: Content is small. A 500-word blog post renders fine in Markdown. A 3,000-word agent-generated implementation plan with architecture decisions, trade-off tables, and code samples does not. Past about 100 lines, Markdown becomes a wall of text. No navigation, no collapsible sections, no way to jump to the part you care about. Thariq’s observation is blunt: “Nobody really reads a Markdown file longer than 100 lines.”

For decades, code contributions have been how open source projects learned who to trust. People would show up, do the work, take responsibility for their changes, and stick around. Over time, trust emerged from the work itself. AI tools have changed the economics of this very quickly. We use them ourselves every day, but a pull request no longer tells us as much as it used to about the person submitting it. A substantial patch used to imply substantial effort, and that effort was a reasonable proxy for good faith. That assumption no longer holds. For a browser, this matters. A browser runs untrusted input from the entire internet on the user’s machine, and one well-disguised vulnerability is all an attacker needs. We have already seen patient, well-resourced campaigns in open source to earn maintainer trust and abuse it. What has changed is how much faster and cheaper it has become to produce work that looks like a serious contribution.

In a mistaken effort after economy some peoplerefrain from taking this advice, and have cards printedand cut at the local printing office. Whatever initialsaving is effected is dearly bought, for such cards areseldom cut with the mathematical accuracy necessaryfor satisfactory work.

It would be un-grateful not to acknowledge with appreciation theobligation owed to the publishers of that most excellentbusiness magazine, " System/' from the pages of whichanyone interested in modern business methods mustinevitably derive some inspiration.

People don't want infinite choice anymore; they want fewer decisions inside places where someone has already thrown out the worst options.

We now spend much more of our time delegating tasks to many Claudes in parallel.

The union has drawn a hard line. 'Not a single humanoid robot will be allowed on the production lines without a labour-management agreement,' it said. It wants a veto, not a briefing.

I'm sorry for anyone using it, but I no longer have the time to maintain it.

Self-Determination Theory (SDT), a major psychological the-ory of human motivation, has become increasingly popular inHuman-Computer Interaction (HCI) research on games andplay.

his is where yo

ydotool will then be rewritten in JavaScript afterwards, to enable more people to understand the code & contribute.

Purposeful entry; looking for person of peace / houses of peace

the priesthood of all believers (1 Peter 2:5-9),

The focus is to make every follower of Christ a reproducing disciple rather than merely a convert.

They invite “persons of peace” into a simple, inductive Bible study along with their family and friends.

According to some, finding a person of peace is essential to a fruitful entry strategy for a missionary. However, this interpretation of Luke 10 is exegetically flawed, and following this philosophy to identify a person of peace is potentially dangerous.

Jesus was walking by the Sea of Galilee and saw Levi sitting in a tax booth. “Follow me,” Jesus commanded. “Levi got up and followed him” (Mark 2:14, NIV). The next scene is at Levi’s house. Levi has invited all his business associates and sinners to a large meal to introduce them to Jesus. Levi was a person of peace.

I should note—a person of peace may not have accepted Jesus as their Lord and Savior but still be open to the Gospel message. It’s this openness to those sharing the Gospel that shows God is already working within their lives.

It is our prayer that this training will help you in your personal efforts and in your church’s efforts to make disciples for the Kingdom of God. We hope that you will view your experience with eLife and beyond as helping you expand the work of Christ’s Church, and not as serving as a representative of eLife, trying to carry out eLife’s programs or to promote eLife in any way. What we have shared and will share with you does not belong to eLife, but is intended to be given away for the good of the Body of Christ. Please do so with our blessing towards the goal of fulfilling the Great Commission.

Vance’s admission contradicts what he said on Friday, when he claimed in an X post that Iran would not be “receiving any cash, and no funds are being released simply for signing a deal or attending a meeting.” In addition to the U.S. and its allies paying $300 billion in reconstruction funds, Iran reports that the U.S. has agreed to release $25 billion in frozen Iranian assets.

Conservatives, including Trump and Vance, have long criticized the Obama administration’s 2015 nuclear deal, which involved the U.S. lifting sanctions and sending Iran $1.7 billion to settle decades-old failed contracts between the two countries. That deal was also succeeding, with international observers stating that Iran was adhering to all its nuclear terms. It was Trump who decided to break it in his first term and then start a war with Iran in his second.

Let us remember that it was the Obama administration that rolled out the scorecard of majors. So this kind of utilitarian push is, I believe, bipartisan.

I share your view that the purported death of literacy is a tragedy.

The only way out for keeping my employability in the long-term now seems to be shifting my domain expertise to something LLMs will not get good at so easily. But what's left?

Several of the apps evaluated are subscription or freemium products that depend on users returning. This creates a structural conflict of interest: The business succeeds when users stay engaged, but good mental health care succeeds when users get better and need less support.

Paul Varjak’s typewriter in “Breakfast at Tiffany’s” is a 1960 Smith-Corona Galaxie with 10″ Carriage, 12CPI Elite typeface, in “Hunter Red” and carried in a deluxe blue Holiday Case.

Crete practitioners prepare tens of thousands of tax returns each season which requires working through millions of underlying documents.

These criteria give rise to certain non-negotiable requirements. First, all systems used in a war setting must guarantee the possibility of retracing and reconstructing decision-making processes, so that accountability and blame are not collapsed into “the machine.” Second, the decision to use lethal force cannot be delegated to opaque or automated processes, but must remain under effective, self-aware and responsible human control. Finally, it is imperative to establish a shared framework — also at the international level — in order to curb the technological arms race and ensure robust protection for civilians and the infrastructures necessary for their survival.

We must therefore promote an ecology of communication. On the level of public policy, this entails establishing norms so that the decision-making behind content selection and its development becomes more transparent and protects personal data. Regarding social and cultural aspects, this requires a strengthening of intermediary organizations, serious journalism and forums for debate, where reasoned argumentation and verification carry greater weight than immediate reaction. For families and schools, there is a growing need for new educational awareness and for formation concerning the proper and critical use of digital tools, AI and online commercial and financial platforms. In universities, the principal challenge lies in the integration of knowledge, cultivating both the capacity to connect and synthesize knowledge in order to grasp complexity, and the skills necessary to verify facts.

A Treatise concerning thePrinciples of I-Iuman Kno,vledge