969 Matching Annotations
  1. Nov 2023
    1. The pressing horrors of the Madagascan crisis prompted Mannonito find a new significance for The Tempest, encouraging him to weave areading of Shakespeare's poetic drama through his reading of the incipientdrama of decolonization

      Point A and C, Point A in that it is understood differently by someone; Point C in that it highlights the relevancy of the decolonial reading of The Tempest to the world today.

    2. When the man-monster, brutalised by long continued torture, be-gins, 'This island's mine, by Sycorax my mother, which thou takestfrom me', we have the whole case of the aboriginal against aggressivecivilisation dramatised before us. I confess I felt a sting of con-science-vicariously suffered for my Rhodesian friends, notablyDr. Jameson-when Caliban proceeded to unfold a similar caseto that of the Matebele

      "it services decolonialism by possibly enganging within the reader a sense of empathy for caliban"

    3. Ironically, it was Beerbohm Tree's unabashedly jingoistic productionof The Tempest in 1904 that elicited the first recorded response to thplay in anti-imperial terms, as one member of the audience assimilatethe action to events surrounding the Matabele uprising in

      This has been happening for a long time (seeing the play through colonialist lens). This was picked up by an audience member, which is evidence that it isn't a forced narrative of the play, it's a natural point of understanding.

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    1. Everything has a place so do better and find it. There is a certain belief that everything within app should be organized into functionally-named directories and any files placed in app/lib actually belongs in app/services or app/interactors or app/models or someplace if the developers just tried harder. The implication is that developers are bad developers if they don’t yet know what kind of constant they have and where its forever home should be. I reject this. Over the lifespan of an application, there will be constants that have not yet found their functional kin, if those kin ever come to exist at all; sometimes you simply need some code and a place to put it. app/lib can be the convention for where those constants can live temporarily or as long as necessary. Autoloading is really nice, let’s treat them to it.
    2. It is confusing that app/lib is named similarly to lib . I agree, but it is not uncommon to have directories with the same name and similar function nested under different contexts. I believe developers can handle this complexity. Most similarly, Linux has lib and usr/lib . Within a new Rails app, there are many such directories that are manageable: app/assets and lib/assets (sometimes even vendor/assets too) app/javascript and vendor/javascript storage and tmp/storage config and app/assets/config app/controllers and app/javascript/controllers
      • for: conflict resolution - Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Toda Peace Institute, Lisa Schirch, 5 point peace plan

      • title: 5-Point Peace Plan to Protect Civilians, Address Trauma, Invest in Democracy, and Dismantle Hamas and the Israeli Occupation

      • author: Lisa Schirch
      • date: Nov 2023

      • Abstract

        • There is no military solution to the Palestinian-Israeli conflict.
        • A just political solution is essential.
        • This article expands the narratives of what is necessary at this moment when too many simply say “there is no other way” or “ceasefire” which both leave many questions unanswered.
        • This 5-point peace plan identifies a range of strategic principles and bridgebuilding processes to protect the safety and ensure the democratic freedoms of both Israelis and Palestinians.
        • It emphasises the shared humanity and traumas of both Palestinians and Jewish Israelis.
        • A sustainable peace will require that journalists and political leaders use their power to focus on
          • protecting civilians,
          • dismantling Hamas,
          • ending occupation,
          • addressing trauma, and
          • investing in democracy.
  2. Oct 2023
      • for: climate science - for policymakers, climate science - for citizens, leverage point, leverage point - climate science, missed opportunity - citizen movement

      • comment

        • has anyone thought about the idea of writing a science report - FOR THE CITIZEN? It seems that there is a potentially large missed opportunity by NOT seriously engaging the public with climate science and thinking that the policymakers are the only ones who can make the system change.
        • question
          • what if
            • climate science reports and studies can ALSO be written for THE GENERAL PUBLIC?
    1. Des enfants en situation de précarité privés d’école La Défenseure des droits tient à rappeler l'illégalité de tout refus de scolarisation opposé aux enfants de familles de voyageurs, aux enfants hébergés en hôtel social ou encore aux enfants vivant dans des habitations précaires, y compris en cas d’occupation illicite d’un terrain ou d’impossibilité de fournir un justificatif de domicile. La Défenseure des droits alerte en outre sur les données inquiétantes relatives au décrochage scolaire des enfants de familles de voyageurs et souhaite que ce phénomène soit précisément évalué, afin que soient adoptées des mesures permettant d’y remédier définitivement.
    2. Des lycéens qui seront sans lycée au jour de la rentrée scolaire Dans une décision rendue publique le 6 juillet dernier, la Défenseure des droits alertait les services académiques et le Ministère de l’éducation nationale sur la situation des élèves qui n’avaient pas pu effectuer leur rentrée au lycée en septembre 2022, en raison d’une absence ou d’un retard d’affectation. Un défaut d’anticipation dans la prévision des effectifs et l’affectation de moyens adéquats a laissé près de 18 000 élèves sans affectation à la rentrée dernière, plongeant les jeunes concernés et leurs familles dans un grand désarroi durant de nombreuses semaines. L’institution du Défenseur des droits a déjà été alertée sur la situation de plusieurs élèves encore en attente d’une affectation dans la semaine précédant la rentrée scolaire 2023 et reste vigilante sur la résolution rapide de ces situations, ainsi que sur la mise en œuvre des recommandations portées dans sa décision du 6 juillet.
    3. Des enfants en situation de handicap privés de leurs droits Alors que l’institution avait émis des recommandations dans un rapport publié en août 2022 visant à instaurer une école réellement inclusive et sans discrimination, elle est toujours saisie de situations révélant une réelle carence dans l’accueil à l’école des élèves en situation de handicap. Le comité des droits de l’enfant de l’ONU, a par ailleurs demandé expressément en juin dernier à la France de prendre toutes mesures permettant d’améliorer significativement l’inclusion scolaire des enfants en situation de handicap. Diminution du temps de présence scolaire voire déscolarisation, défaut d’accompagnement humain en classe ou à la cantine, absence de mise en œuvre des aménagements pédagogiques nécessaires, manque de formation des personnels… autant de difficultés qui ne peuvent garantir le droit à l’éducation de tous ces enfants. La Défenseure des droits constate que les établissements scolaires, faisant face à un nombre d’élèves par classe souvent très élevé, et très sollicités pour la mise en œuvre de l’école inclusive, ne se voient pas allouer les moyens nécessaires pour permettre une inclusion respectueuse des droits et de l’intérêt supérieur des enfants concernés. Elle réitère ainsi ses recommandations et appelle urgemment les pouvoirs publics à mobiliser les moyens indispensables pour garantir l’école inclusive.
    1. There are certainly cases where you can use dependency and cannot use dependence: for example "The UK's overseas dependencies", or "This software releases has dependencies on Unix and Java". So if the dependent things are discrete and countable, it should definitely be "dependency".
    1. to the bottom of the next image, about a fifth of a second later, like that. And they're getting faster and faster each time, and if I stack these guys up, then we see the differences; the increase in the speed is constant. And they say, "Oh, yeah. Constant acceleration. And how shall we

      For anyone interested in this I would also recommend anything regarding etoys https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=prIwpKL57dMhttp://www.squeakland.org/

  3. Sep 2023
      • for: climate change - false binary, jobs vs environment, example, example climate change - false binary, climate departure, leverage point

      • example: false environmental binary

        • activists need to better communicate the false binary that climate denialists keep using to pull the wool over people's eyes.
        • jobs vs environment ignores the short term threat of environmental degradation
        • this is where participatory climate departure can show the threat in a visceral, concrete way that is far more compelling you the average person than any intellectual attempt to explain the differences example - climate change - false binary
    1. I think we need more societal engagement among scientists.
      • for: scientist activism, idling resources - scientist activism, leverage point - scientist activism
      • comment
        • Both Johan and Kevin provide personal stories of how few scientists are out there doing societal engagement.
        • Hence, this is truly a idling resource that needs a space that will attract them to engage in impactful ways.
        • This is where citizens and communities can provide the support that scientists need to take on their societal responsibilities at this time
    1. Social tipping points and physical tipping points are interrelated. With environmental stress, the former could arrive before the latter, and then cascades develop. Hamburg Climate Futures Outlook 2023: https://www.cliccs.uni-hamburg.de/results/hamburg-climate-futures-outlook.html
      • for: TPF
      • comment
        • Hamburg climate futures outlook 2023 report supports need for something on the scale of the planned TPF
    1. For me, I don't have an issue, but there was one syntax situation I found awkward: I need to sometimes know whether it is a class or a module that I am modifying. So I may have code: module Foo module Bar class Baz versus: class Foo::Bar::Baz It's not a huge issue, but ruby would yield an error if I specify a class or module incorrectly (which can happen if you spread code out into different .rb files, so I understand why there is an error message shown, to avoid accidents). But I then also wondered why I have to care whether it is a module or class, if my primary goal is to modify something, such as by adding a method. If I want to add a method: def foobar; end then I really should never be required to have to know whether I am modifying a class or a module.
    1. “On one hand, if it’s only 12% accounting for half the beef consumption, you could make some big gains if you get those 12% on board,” Rose says. “On the other hand, those 12% may be most resistant to change.”
      • for: quote, quote - meat eating, climate impact - meat eating, leverage point - meat eating, leverage demographic

      • quote

        • On one hand, if it’s only 12% accounting for half the beef consumption,
          • you could make some big gains if you get those 12% on board
        • On the other hand,
          • those 12% may be most resistant to change
      • author Donald Rose
      • reference: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/15/17/3795
    1. Root directories are recommended not to be nested; however, Zeitwerk provides support for nested root directories since in frameworks like Rails, both app/models and app/models/concerns belong to the autoload paths. Zeitwerk identifies nested root directories and treats them as independent roots. In the given example, concerns is not considered a namespace within app/models. For instance, consider the following file: app/models/concerns/geolocatable.rb should define Geolocatable, not Concerns::Geolocatable.
  4. Aug 2023
    1. We suggest that prioritizing the analyzed climate actions between community and urban scales, where global and local converge, can help catalyze and enhance individual, household and local practices, and support national and international policies and finances for rapid sustainability transformations.
      • for: cross-scale translation of earth system boundaries, downscaled planetary boundaries, leverage point
      • key finding
        • suitable cohorts and cohort ranges for rapidly deploying climate and sustainability actions between a single individual and the globally projected ∼ 10 billion persons by 2050 is:
        • community scale between 10k and 100k
    1. Demographic and Socioeconomic Correlates of Disproportionate Beef Consumption among US Adults in an Age of Global Warming
      • for: climate change impacts - dietary, climate change impacts - meat eating, carbon footprint - meat, leverage point - meat eating
      • title: Demographic and Socioeconomic Correlates of Disproportionate Beef Consumption among US Adults in an Age of Global Warming
      • author: Donald Rose
      • date: Aug. 30, 2023

      • stats

        • study based on NHANES study of 10, 248 U.S. adults between 2015 and 2018 indicated that 12% accounted for all beef consumed
    1. The point of acts_as_paranoid is keeping old versions around, not really destroying them, so you can look at past state, or roll back to past version. Do you consider the attached file part of the state you should be able to look at? If you roll back to past version, should it have it's attachment there too, in the restored version?
    1. Without a solid spiritual foundation, humanity may well continue on its path toward self-destruction, whether it be through environmental collapse, nuclear war or Artificial Intelligence gone haywire. On the other hand, if we evolve our culture to value inner work as much as we value outer work, then our individual and collective spiritual wisdom might just catch up with our rapidly advancing technology.
    1. Two factors consistently helped hasten beneficial change in our study.
      • for: social tipping point, STP, tipping point, social norm, complex contagion
      • study findings
        • Two factors can help hasten beneficial change
          • common understanding of the benefits from change due to:
            • events that attract attention
            • opinion polls that aggregate information
            • finding an angle on an issue that appeals to a broad demographics
          • perserverence
            • leaders who persevere even at great cost
      • for: social tipping points, STP, social tipping point, leverage point, Sirkku Juhola

      • title

        • Social tipping points and adaptation limits in the context of systemic risk: Concepts, models and governance
      • authors
        • Sirkku Juhola
        • Tatiana Filatova
        • Stefan Hochrainer-Stigler
        • Reinhard Mechler
        • Jurgen Scheffran
        • Pia-Johanna Schweizer
      • date
        • Sept 21, 2022
      • abstract

        • Physical tipping points have gained a lot of attention in global and climate change research to understand the conditions for system transitions when it comes to the atmosphere and the biosphere.
        • Social tipping points have been framed as mechanisms in socio-environmental systems, where a small change in the underlying elements or behavior of actors triggers a large non-linear response in the social system.
        • With climate change becoming more acute, it is important to know whether and how societies can adapt.
        • While social tipping points related to climate change have been associated with positive or negative outcomes,
          • overstepping adaptation limits has been linked to adverse outcomes where actors' values and objectives are strongly compromised.
        • Currently, the evidence base is limited, and most of the discussion on social tipping points in climate change adaptation and risk research is conceptual or anecdotal.
        • This paper brings together three strands of literature -
          • social tipping points,
          • climate adaptation limits and
          • systemic risks,
        • which so far have been separate.
        • Furthermore, we discuss
          • methods and
          • models
        • used to illustrate the dynamics of
          • social and
          • adaptation tipping points
        • in the context of cascading risks at different scales beyond adaptation limits.
        • We end with suggesting that further evidence is needed to identify tipping points in social systems,
          • which is crucial for developing appropriate governance approaches.
      • reference

    1. But it's so essential that we go to this place that our brain gave us a solution. Evolution gave us a solution. And it's possibly one of the most profound perceptual experiences. And it's the experience of awe.

      -for: awe, wonder, Deep Humanity, inner transformation, transition, inner/outer transformation, social tipping point, individual tipping point - Awe / wonder (getting in touch with the sacred) is evolutions solution to helping us transition into the unknown - This is in alignment with the essence of the open source Deep Humanity praxis - helping individuals to rediscover the sacred, to transform life back into a living experience of awe and wonder - Deep Humanity's purpose is to rekindle awe so that - we may bring about an individual tipping point, and collectively, - collective tipping point in global society to accelerate the transition out of the polycrisis

      ...moving from the scared back to the sacred

  5. Jul 2023
    1. In addition to their high GHG emissions from consumption, high-SES people have disproportionate climate influence through at least four non-consumer roles: as investors, as role models within their social networks and for others who observe their choices, as participants in organizations and as citizens seeking to influence public policies or corporate behaviour
      • for: high-SES, 1%, W2W, inequality, carbon inequality, elites, billionaires, millionaires, leverage point
      • five high carbon emission areas of high-SES, HNWI, VHNWI
        • consumption
        • investor
        • role model within social networks
        • participants in organizations
        • citizens seeking to influence public policies or corporate behavior
    2. We focus on individuals and households with high socioeconomic status (SES; henceforth, high-SES people) because they have generated many of the problems of fossil fuel dependence that affect the rest of humanity.
      • for: high-SES, 1%, W2W, inequality, carbon inequality, elites, billionaires, millionaires, leverage point
      • definition
        • high-SES
          • high socioeconomic status
          • equivalent to high net worth individual (HNWI) or
          • very high net worth individual (VHNWI)
      • for: carbon inequality, w2w, leverage point - climate change, 1%, inequality, wealth tax
      • title
        • The role of high-socioeconomic-status people in locking in or rapidly reducing energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions
      • authors
        • Kristian S. Nielsen
        • Kimberly A. Nicholas
        • Felix Creutzig
        • Thomas Dietz
        • Paul C. Stern
      • date
      • abstract
        • People with high socioeconomic status disproportionally affect energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions directly
          • through their consumption and
          • indirectly through their financial and social resources.
        • However, few climate change mitigation initiatives have targeted this population segment,
          • and the potential of such initiatives remains insufficiently researched.
        • In this Perspective, we analyse key characteristics of high-socioeconomic-status people and explore five roles through which they have a disproportionate impact on energy-driven greenhouse gas emissions and potentially on climate change mitigation, namely as:
          • consumers,
          • investors,
          • role models,
          • organizational participants and
          • citizens.
        • We examine what is known about their disproportionate impact via consumption and
          • explore their potential influence on greenhouse gas emissions through all five roles.
        • We suggest that future research should focus on strategies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by high-socioeconomic-status people and to align their
          • investments,
          • organizational choices and
          • actions as social and political change agents
        • with climate change mitigation goals.
    1. people who are wealthy contribute the most to causing climate change, they are unfortunately also in the most ideal position to help us mitigate climate change.
      • for: W2W, carbon inequality, leverage point
      • quote
        • "people who are wealthy contribute the most to causing climate change,
          • they are unfortunately also in the most ideal position to help us mitigate climate change"
      • author
    1. this is 30 years of ipcc Assessments from the third assessment in 2009 all the way to the 1.5 degrees Celsius 00:09:50 assessment a few years back this is the red Embers diagram of confidence in science and what you see for each column is the assessment of risk of irreversible changes and at what 00:10:03 temperature levels 20 years ago at the third assessment the risk was basically assessed as zero because it was set at six degrees Celsius nobody was suggesting we would end up at six degrees but look at the trend line the 00:10:16 more we learn about the planet the more we understand about the coupled interactive Earth system the lower is the temperature at which we put risks of irreversible changes and it's down in 00:10:29 the less than two degrees Celsius range now blinking red so that's where we are
      • for: planetary boundaries, tipping points, planetary tipping points
    2. the Breakthrough here is that for the first time we've been able to put temperature thresholds on the 00:08:44 likely temperatures when we cross the Tipping points that's the color schemes you see in the color coding these five are the ones we really need to be concerned with because they are the first ones on the line at 1.5 degrees 00:08:58 Celsius they're likely to cross their tipping points we're talking here about the green and ice sheet the West Antarctic ice sheet all the tropical coral reef systems home to over 500 million people's livelihood 00:09:11 the Boreal permafrost a breath throwing a permafrost and loss of the barren sea ice
      • for tipping point, planetary tipping point
      • likely temperature thresholds for breaching planetary tipping points at 1.5 Deg C
        • Greenland Ice sheet
        • West Antarctica ice sheet
        • tropical coral reef system
        • boreal permafrost
        • Berent sea ice
    1. Abstract
      • The Buddha taught that everything is
        • connected and
        • constantly changing.
      • These fundamental observations of the world are shared by
        • ecology and
        • evolution.
      • We are living in a time of unprecedented rates of extinction.
      • Science provides us with the information that we need to address this extinction crisis.
      • However, the problems underlying extinction generally do not result from a lack of scientific understanding,
        • but they rather result from an unwillingness to take the needed action.
      • I present mindfulness and meditative aspects of Zen practice that provide the deeper “knowing,” or awareness that we need to inspire action on these problems.

      • comment

        • emptiness is interdependency and change
        • in Deep Humanity praxis, it is equivalent to
          • human INTERbeing and
          • human INTERbeCOMing
    1. I understand Duo follows the spec and attempts to make life easier by giving users the full 30 seconds, but unfortunately service providers don’t honor that recommendation, which leads to lockouts and a bunch of calls to our 1st line teams. You can’t tell users to stop using {platform}, but we can tell them to switch TOTP providers.
    1. Nowhere is the P&V distortion so plain and disturbing as in their versions of Tolstoy.Critics sometimes say it is impossible to ruin Tolstoy because his diction is so straightforward. But it is actually quite easy to misrepresent him if one does not understand the language of novels. Since Jane Austen, novels have tended to trace a character’s thoughts in the third person. The choice of words, and the way one thought begets another, belongs to the character, and so we come to know her inner voice. At the same time, the character’s view may not comport with the author’s, and it is the art of the writer to make clear that what the character is seeing is deluded or self-serving or foolish. This “double-voicing” lies at the heart of the 19th-century novelistic enterprise. For Dickens and Trollope, “double-voicing” becomes the vehicle of satire, while George Eliot and Tolstoy use it for masterful psychological exploration. If one misses what is going on, the whole point of a passage can be lost.
  6. Jun 2023
    1. Have you ever: Been disappointed, surprised or hurt by a library etc. that had a bug that could have been fixed with inheritance and few lines of code, but due to private / final methods and classes were forced to wait for an official patch that might never come? I have. Wanted to use a library for a slightly different use case than was imagined by the authors but were unable to do so because of private / final methods and classes? I have.
    1. If I continue the conversation after I create a shared link, will the rest of my conversation appear in the shared link?No. Think of a shared link as a snapshot of a conversation up to the point at which you generate the shared link. Once a shared link is created for a specific conversation or message, it will not include any future messages added to the conversation after the link was generated. This means that if you continue the conversation after creating the shared link, those additional messages will not be visible through the shared link.
  7. May 2023
    1. while I'm not as strongly against the above example code as the others, specifically because you did call it out as pseudocode and it is for illustrative purposes only, perhaps all of the above comments could be addressed by replacing your query = ... lines with simple query = // Insert case-sensitive/insensitive search here comments as that keeps the conversation away from the SQL injection topic and focuses on what you're trying to show. In other words, keep it on the logic, not the implementation. It will silence the critics.
    2. I know this is an old question but I just want to comment here: To any extent email addresses ARE case sensitive, most users would be "very unwise" to actively use an email address that requires capitals. They would soon stop using the address because they'd be missing a lot of their mail. (Unless they have a specific reason to make things difficult, and they expect mail only from specific senders they know.) That's because imperfect humans as well as imperfect software exist, (Surprise!) which will assume all email is lowercase, and for this reason these humans and software will send messages using a "lower cased version" of the address regardless of how it was provided to them. If the recipient is unable to receive such messages, it won't be long before they notice they're missing a lot, and switch to a lowercase-only email address, or get their server set up to be case-insensitive.
    1. A flaw can become entrenched as a de facto standard. Any implementation of the protocol is required to replicate the aberrant behavior, or it is not interoperable. This is both a consequence of applying the robustness principle, and a product of a natural reluctance to avoid fatal error conditions. Ensuring interoperability in this environment is often referred to as aiming to be "bug for bug compatible".
    1. GLOBIN

      Globin Gene Switching is a process of sequential activation and inactivation of globin genes during development. Here's how it works:

      1. Transcription factors along with epigenetic elements such as DNA methyltransferases and demethylases interact with enhancers "upstream" of the β-globin gene cluster that contact globin gene promoters.
      2. This process silences the embryonic and fetal genes.
      3. Activation of fetal globin gene repressors during development allows expression of the adult genes.
      4. Developmental factors such as RNA-binding factors and microRNAs also impact hemoglobin switching.

      β-Globin Gene Switching:

      1. An upstream super-enhancer called the β-globin locus control region (LCR) binds erythroid-specific and ubiquitous transcription factors.
      2. The LCR interacts directly with globin gene promoters.
      3. Transcription factors that silence and activate genes also interact with elements of the globin genes.
      4. Competition among the β-like genes for the LCR and autonomous silencing of the embryonic and fetal globin genes depends on transcription factors.
      5. Silencing, first of HBE and then of HBG2 and HBG1, favors the interaction of the LCR with HBB.
      6. When HBG2 or HBG1 is upregulated by rare point mutations in their promoters, expression of the linked HBB is downregulated.
      7. Deletions of the HBB promoter remove competition for the LCR, increasing the expression of HBG2, HBG1, and HBD.
      8. The transcription factors BCL11A and ZBTB7A silence the HbF genes.
      9. BCL11A binds to the HbF gene promoters, repressing them and silencing transcription; ZBTB7A binds upstream of BCL11A with similar repressive effects.
      10. Mutations in these binding sites abolish the normal silencing of the HbF genes, leading to hereditary persistence of fetal hemoglobin (HPFH).
      11. Disruption of the BCL11A regulatory elements or the binding sites for BCL11A by gene editing is a prime therapeutic target for HbF induction.

      α-Globin Gene Switching:

      1. A less complex switch takes place in the α-globin gene cluster.
      2. A regulatory locus of four elements termed R1-R4 is present within introns of the gene NPRL3 that is upstream of HBA2.
      3. A developmental switch from embryonic ζ- to adult α-globin gene expression occurs at about 6 weeks’ gestation.

      Modulation of HbF Level:

      1. Variations in three quantitative trait loci (QTL), BCL11A, MYB, and a locus linked to the HBB cluster, account for a major portion of HbF variation among normal individuals and patients with sickle cell anemia and β thalassemia.
      2. BCL11A, a zinc finger protein that represses HbF genes, binds TGACCA motifs, the most important at position –115 in the promoter of each γ-globin gene.
      3. ZBTB7A binds 85 nucleotides upstream of these BCL11A binding sites; its binding also represses γ-globin gene transcription.
      4. When binding of either BCL11A or ZBTB7A is disrupted, silencing of HBG2 and HBG1 is abrogated.
      5. The MYB gene is essential for hematopoiesis and erythroid differentiation.
      6. MYB inhibits HbF expression directly by activation of KLF1 and other repressors and indirectly through alteration
    1. therapeutic

      Here are the detailed points based on the given text:

      • A therapeutic trial can be highly cost-effective when a specific diagnosis is suggested on the initial physician encounter.
      • Examples of conditions that may warrant a therapeutic trial include chronic watery diarrhea, bloating and diarrhea after a mountain backpacking trip, and postprandial diarrhea following the resection of the terminal ileum.
      • Persistent symptoms require additional investigation.
      • Additional focused evaluations may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and characterize the severity or extent of disease so that treatment can be best guided.
      • Patients suspected of having irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) should be initially evaluated with flexible sigmoidoscopy with colorectal biopsies to exclude inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) or microscopic colitis.
      • Patients with normal findings might be reassured and treated empirically with antispasmodics, antidiarrheals, or antidepressants.
      • Any patient who presents with chronic diarrhea and hematochezia should be evaluated with stool microbiologic studies and colonoscopy.
      • In about two-thirds of cases, the cause for chronic diarrhea remains unclear after the initial encounter, and further testing is required.
      • Quantitative stool collection and analyses can yield important objective data that may establish a diagnosis or characterize the type of diarrhea as a triage for focused additional studies.
      • Additional stool analyses should be performed if stool weight is >200 g/d, which might include electrolyte concentration, pH, occult blood testing, leukocyte inspection (or leukocyte protein assay), fat quantitation, and laxative screens.
      • For secretory diarrheas (watery, normal osmotic gap), possible medication-related side effects or surreptitious laxative use should be reconsidered.
      • Microbiologic studies should be done, including fecal bacterial cultures (including media for Aeromonas and Plesiomonas), inspection for ova and parasites, and Giardia antigen assay (the most sensitive test for giardiasis).
      • Small-bowel bacterial overgrowth can be excluded by intestinal aspirates with quantitative cultures or with glucose or lactulose breath tests.
      • Upper endoscopy and colonoscopy with biopsies and small-bowel x-rays are helpful to rule out structural or occult inflammatory disease.
      • When suggested by history or other findings, screens for peptide hormones should be pursued.
      • Further evaluation of osmotic diarrhea should include tests for lactose intolerance and magnesium ingestion, the two most common causes.
      • Low fecal pH suggests carbohydrate malabsorption.
      • If fecal magnesium or laxative levels are elevated, inadvertent or surreptitious ingestion should be considered and psychiatric help should be sought.
      • For those with proven fatty diarrhea, endoscopy with small-bowel biopsy should be performed.
      • If small-bowel studies are negative or if pancreatic disease is suspected, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency should be excluded with direct tests.
      • Chronic inflammatory-type diarrheas should be suspected by the presence of blood or leukocytes in the stool.
      • Stool cultures, inspection for ova and parasites, C. difficile toxin assay, colonoscopy with biopsies, and small-bowel imaging studies may be warranted for such cases.
    2. APPROACH

      APPROACH TO THE PATIENT WITH CHRONIC DIARRHEA:

      1. Take a careful history: Include onset, duration, pattern, aggravating factors (especially diet), relieving factors, and stool characteristics. Ask about the presence or absence of fecal incontinence, fever, weight loss, pain, exposures (travel, medications, contacts with diarrhea), and common extraintestinal manifestations (skin changes, arthralgias, oral aphthous ulcers). A family history of IBD or celiac disease may also be noted.

      2. Perform a physical examination: Look for clues such as a thyroid mass, wheezing, heart murmurs, edema, hepatomegaly, abdominal masses, lymphadenopathy, mucocutaneous abnormalities, perianal fistulas, or anal sphincter laxity.

      3. Order routine blood studies: Evaluate fluid/electrolyte and nutritional status. Look for peripheral blood leukocytosis, elevated sedimentation rate, or C-reactive protein which suggests inflammation; anemia reflects blood loss or nutritional deficiencies; or eosinophilia may occur with parasitoses, neoplasia, collagen-vascular disease, allergy, or eosinophilic gastroenteritis. Blood chemistries may demonstrate electrolyte, hepatic, or other metabolic disturbances. Measuring IgA tissue transglutaminase antibodies may help detect celiac disease.

      4. Perform simple triage tests: If initial evaluation is unrevealing, simple triage tests are often warranted to direct the choice of more complex investigations. For example, a screening blood test (serum C4 or FGF-19), measurement of fecal bile acids, or a therapeutic trial with a bile acid sequestrant (e.g., cholestyramine, colestipol or colesevelam) can help confirm or rule out bile acid diarrhea.

      5. Consider referral to a specialist: If the above evaluation is unrevealing or if there are additional concerning symptoms or signs, referral to a gastroenterologist may be appropriate for further evaluation and management.

    3. Secretory

      Sure, here's a summary of the causes of secretory diarrhea presented in the text:

      Causes of secretory diarrhea:

      1. Medications: Regular ingestion of drugs and toxins, including prescription and over-the-counter medications, may produce diarrhea. Stimulant laxatives and chronic ethanol consumption may also cause secretory-type diarrhea.

      2. Bowel resection, mucosal disease, or enterocolic fistula: These conditions may result in secretory-type diarrhea because of inadequate surface for reabsorption of secreted fluids and electrolytes.

      3. Partial bowel obstruction, ostomy stricture, or fecal impaction: These may paradoxically lead to increased fecal output due to fluid hypersecretion.

      4. Hormones: Secretory diarrhea may be caused by hormones, including those released by metastatic gastrointestinal carcinoid tumors, gastrinomas, VIPomas, medullary carcinoma of the thyroid, and systemic mastocytosis.

      5. Bacterial infections: Certain bacterial infections may occasionally persist and be associated with a secretory-type diarrhea.

      6. Environmental toxins: Inadvertent ingestion of certain environmental toxins (e.g., arsenic) may lead to chronic rather than acute forms of diarrhea.

      7. Idiopathic bile acid malabsorption (BAM): Reduced negative feedback regulation of bile acid synthesis in hepatocytes by fibroblast growth factor 19 (FGF-19) produced by ileal enterocytes results in a degree of bile-acid synthesis that exceeds the normal capacity for ileal reabsorption, producing BAD. An alternative cause of BAD is a genetic variation in the receptor proteins (β-klotho and fibroblast growth factor 4) on the hepatocyte that normally mediate the effect of FGF-19.

      8. Colonic transit: Genetic variation in the bile acid receptor (TGR5) in the colon may result in accelerated colonic transit.

      It's worth noting that some of these causes may overlap or occur in conjunction with each other.

    4. The

      Points:

      The cornerstone of diagnosis in those suspected of severe acute infectious diarrhea is microbiologic analysis of the stool.

      Workup includes cultures for bacterial and viral pathogens; direct inspection for ova and parasites; and immunoassays for certain bacterial toxins (C. difficile), viral antigens (rotavirus), and protozoal antigens (Giardia, E. histolytica).

      Clinical and epidemiologic associations may assist in focusing the evaluation.

      If a particular pathogen or set of possible pathogens is implicated, either the whole panel of routine studies may not be necessary or, in some instances, special cultures may be appropriate.

      Molecular diagnosis of pathogens in stool can be made by identification of unique DNA sequences, and evolving microarray technologies have led to more rapid, sensitive, specific, and cost-effective diagnosis.

      Persistent diarrhea is commonly due to Giardia, but additional causative organisms that should be considered include C. difficile, E. histolytica, Cryptosporidium, Campylobacter, and others.

      Flexible sigmoidoscopy with biopsies and upper endoscopy with duodenal aspirates and biopsies may be indicated if stool studies are unrevealing.

      Structural examination by sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy, or abdominal computed tomography (CT) scanning may be appropriate in patients with uncharacterized persistent diarrhea to exclude IBD or as an initial approach in patients with suspected noninfectious acute diarrhea.

      Fluid and electrolyte replacement are of central importance to all forms of acute diarrhea.

      Oral sugar-electrolyte solutions (iso-osmolar sport drinks or designed formulations) should be instituted promptly with severe diarrhea to limit dehydration, which is the major cause of death.

      Profoundly dehydrated patients, especially infants and the elderly, require IV rehydration.

      In moderately severe nonfebrile and nonbloody diarrhea, antimotility and antisecretory agents such as loperamide can be useful adjuncts to control symptoms.

      Such agents should be avoided with febrile dysentery, which may be prolonged by them, and should be used with caution with drugs that increase levels due to cardiotoxicity.

      Bismuth subsalicylate may reduce symptoms of vomiting and diarrhea but should not be used to treat immunocompromised patients or those with renal impairment because of the risk of bismuth encephalopathy.

      Judicious use of antibiotics is appropriate in selected instances of acute diarrhea and may reduce its severity and duration.

      Many physicians treat moderately to severely ill patients with febrile dysentery empirically without diagnostic evaluation using a quinolone, such as ciprofloxacin (500 mg bid for 3–5 d).

      Empirical treatment can also be considered for suspected giardiasis with metronidazole (250 mg qid for 7 d).

      Selection of antibiotics and dosage regimens are otherwise dictated by specific pathogens, geographic patterns of resistance, and conditions found.

      Newer agents such as nitazoxanide may be required for Giardia and Cryptosporidium infections because of resistance to first-line treatments.

      Antibiotic coverage is indicated, whether or not a causative organism is discovered, in patients who are immunocompromised, have mechanical heart valves or recent vascular grafts, or are elderly.

      Bismuth subsalicylate may reduce the frequency of traveler’s diarrhea.

      Antibiotic prophylaxis is only indicated for certain patients traveling to high-risk countries in whom the likelihood or seriousness of acquired diarrhea would be especially high.

      Use of ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, or rifaximin may reduce bacterial diarrhea in such travelers by 90%, though rifaximin is not suitable for invasive disease but rather as treatment for uncomplicated traveler’s

    5. SMALL

      Small-Intestinal Motility: - During fasting, the small intestine exhibits cyclical motility called migrating motor complex (MMC) - MMC clears nondigestible residue from the small intestine and occurs every 60-90 minutes, lasting an average of 4 minutes - After food ingestion, the small intestine exhibits irregular mixing contractions of low amplitude, except in the distal ileum where more powerful contractions occur intermittently and empty the ileum by bolus transfers

      Ileocolonic Storage and Salvage: - The distal ileum acts as a reservoir, emptying intermittently by bolus movements to allow for salvage of fluids, electrolytes, and nutrients - Segmentation by haustra compartmentalizes the colon and facilitates mixing, retention of residue, and formation of solid stools - Intestinal flora in the colon is necessary for the digestion of unabsorbed carbohydrates, providing a vital source of nutrients to the mucosa and keeping pathogens at bay - Ascending and transverse regions of the colon function as reservoirs, while the descending colon acts as a conduit - The colon conserves sodium and water, which is particularly important in sodium-depleted patients, and alteration in colon function can result in diarrhea or constipation

      Colonic Motility and Tone: - The small-intestinal MMC rarely continues into the colon, but short duration or phasic contractions mix colonic contents - High-amplitude (>75 mmHg) propagated contractions (HAPCs) are sometimes associated with mass movements through the colon and normally occur approximately five times per day - Increased frequency of HAPCs may result in diarrhea or urgency - Colonic tone is important for capacitance and sensation

      Colonic Motility After Meal Ingestion: - After meal ingestion, colonic phasic and tonic contractility increase for approximately 2 hours - The initial phase is mediated by the vagus nerve in response to mechanical distention of the stomach, while the subsequent response requires caloric stimulation and is mediated, at least in part, by hormones (e.g., gastrin and serotonin)

      Defecation: - Tonic contraction of the puborectalis muscle maintains continence, while relaxation facilitates defecation - Distention of the rectum results in transient relaxation of the internal anal sphincter via intrinsic and reflex sympathetic innervation - Sigmoid and rectal contractions, as well as straining, increase pressure within the rectum, causing the rectosigmoid angle to open by >15° - Voluntary relaxation of the external anal sphincter permits evacuation of feces, while its contraction delays defecation.

  8. Apr 2023
    1. And that process does not start ‘out there’. It starts right here, right now, within. We cannot change the world if we have still not mastered our own selves. Self-mastery entails training ourselves to undo the conventional internal neurophysiological wiring conditioned from our personal history and social experiences that determines our emotional triggers and cognitive horizons, to uproot incoherent belief systems, release ourselves of private judgments, free ourselves from thought-patterns rooted in banal ideological polarities, and develop the tools necessary to be in a constant state of evolution and committed action. Having awakened ourselves internally, newly empowered, we will be equipped to move to immediate social contextual action.

      this is Donella Meadows top leverage point to intervene in a system - change in paradigm, worldview and narratives of the individual - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=leverage+points

  9. Mar 2023
    1. Exactly my thoughts on the matter! I'm coming from XML SOAP background and concept of schema just got into my blood and JSON documents rather don't announce their schema. To me it's whether server "understands" the request or not. If server doesn't know what "sales_tax" is then it's simply 400: "I have no idea what you sent me but definitely not what I want.".
    1. PythonCopyconfigs = {"fs.azure.account.auth.type": "OAuth", "fs.azure.account.oauth.provider.type": "org.apache.hadoop.fs.azurebfs.oauth2.ClientCredsTokenProvider", "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.id": "<application-id>", "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.secret": dbutils.secrets.get(scope="<scope-name>",key="<service-credential-key-name>"), "fs.azure.account.oauth2.client.endpoint": "https://login.microsoftonline.com/<directory-id>/oauth2/token"} # Optionally, you can add <directory-name> to the source URI of your mount point. dbutils.fs.mount( source = "abfss://<container-name>@<storage-account-name>.dfs.core.windows.net/", mount_point = "/mnt/<mount-name>", extra_configs = configs)
  10. Feb 2023
    1. underestimates by scientists have potentially devastating consequences for humanity’s efforts to react to this threat to our survival.
      • = Key point

      • Underestimates by scientists

      • have potentially devastating consequences
      • for humanity’s efforts -to react to this threat to our survival.
    1. Aboard the research ship RV Laurence M. Gould, cruising along Antarctica’s west coast, according to Carlos Moffat, chief scientist, Palmer Long Term Ecological Research Program: “Even as somebody who’s been looking at these changing systems for a few decades, I was taken aback by what I saw, by the degree of warming that I saw… We don’t know how long this is going to last. We don’t fully understand the consequences of this kind of event, but this looks like an extraordinary marine heatwave,”
      • Aboard the research ship RV Laurence M. Gould,
      • cruising along Antarctica’s west coast, - - Carlos Moffat, chief scientist, Palmer Long Term Ecological Research Program:
      • “Even as somebody who’s been looking at these changing systems for a few decades, I was taken aback by what I saw, by the degree of warming that I saw… We don’t know how long this is going to last. We don’t fully understand the consequences of this kind of event, but this looks like an extraordinary marine heatwave”
    1. i can use myself as an example here i i consider myself a pretty smart person i'm in grad school i tried to be really analytical my whole 00:03:56 life and yet i showed up at college when i was 19 years old believing that all the supposedly scientific stuff that white nationalists used to support the idea of race being predictive and segregation being 00:04:09 good and all this stupid stuff i totally believed i thought they were right and i thought everybody was just denying it and it took a community of people in college over years to condemn my beliefs to 00:04:22 show me uh kindness to show me real vitriol to be these in these private conversations where we could go over the facts and it took a long time for me thinking i was really smart and analytical to 00:04:35 accept that it was morally wrong that it was ethically wrong
      • comment
      • Derek Black is an example
      • of what it takes to undo deeply culturally conditioned misinformation
      • these variables have to be present for that to work
        • open mind
        • patience
        • accurate information
        • a caring, patient, informed community
      • Derek Black offers a lesson of what is required to depolarize society using social tipping points
      • there needs to be scalable education program to reach still open-minded individuals holding opposing views
      • to openly and respectfully debate difficult, polarizing issues
      • in order to form the wide bridges necessary for social tipping points of complex issues
    1. real-life situations can be much more complicated, the authors’ model allows for the exact 25 percent tipping point number to change based on circumstances. Memory length is a key variable, and relates to how entrenched a belief or behavior is.
      • 25% social tipping point threshold is adjustable
      • depending on the variables of the context
      • = question - how do we apply this adjustability for complex contagion such as climate change norms?
    2. When a minority group pushing change was below 25 percent of the total group, its efforts failed. But when the committed minority reached 25 percent, there was an abrupt change in the group dynamic, and quickly a majority of the population adopted the new norm.
      • = 25% Social Tipping Point
      • A committed minority group pushing for change just below 25% of the total group population does not succeed
      • but when the committed minority is just above 25%,
      • abrupt change in group dynamics quickly causes a majority of the population to adopt the new norm
  11. Jan 2023
    1. Semantic leadership   Extent to which word usage by one entity is subsequently adopted by others. Specifically, Klein measures how often novel semantic usage in a given newspaper is mirrored by other newspapers. When a newspaper is a semantic leader, its semantic usage better predicts the later usage of that word in other newspapers compared to those other newspapers' own, earlier usage of the word.

      How might this leadership happen within the social epidemic view of Malcolm Gladwell's Tipping Point framework?

      • the law of the few,
      • the stickiness factor, and
      • the power of context

      and with respect to mavens, connectors, and salespeople?

    1. we have individual capitalists who try 00:48:45 to make the most profit and this is linked to their capital and productivity so to achieve more in less time and 00:48:57 productivity is linked to energy [Music] the only source of energy to increase profit is carbon oil and gas and this has resulted in a change in our 00:49:15 atmosphere we have to put an entities if we wish to live in our planet can our capitalism do this based on the current data we won't be able to do so 00:49:28 therefore perhaps we should do the following reflection if capitalism is unable to do so either Humanity will die with it or 00:49:42 Humanity will overcome capitalism so that we can live in our planet

      !- Urrego : Key Point - Can capitalism rapidly detour away from fossil fuels? The current data indicates no. So either Humanity does our it drops capitalism

    2. 16 tipping elements the large biophysical systems that we have scientific evidence that the regulates 00:01:23 the state of the entire climate system on Earth nine of these 16 are showing signs of instability push them too far and they will shift over from supporting Humanity 00:01:34 to starting to undermine Humanity four of these are showing scientific evidence of now being at risk already at 1.5 degrees Celsius

      !- 16 tp elements : interconnected global climate system

    3. we're taking colossal risks with the future of civilization on Earth We're degrading life support system that we all depend on we're actually pushing 00:00:57 the entire Earth system to a point of destabilization pushing Earth outside of the state that has support civilization since we left the last ice age 10 000 years ago this requires a transformation to safe 00:01:11 and just Earth system boundaries for the whole world economy

      !- Title : Leading the charge through earth’s new normal !- speakers : Johan Rockstrom et al.

    1. This depends on the ruby code. Some projects will be semi-dormant due to various reasons. That's for us to address as a community. Are we going to let a single decade-old gem prevent us from moving Ruby forward? What's the threshold? There's libraries out there that don't work on Ruby 1.9. We left them behind or replaced them. And are people depending on a gem that's unmaintained really going to be the ones to jump on Ruby 3.0 the day after Christmas 2020? This is also still supposition. Name some gems that are unmaintained and in wide use. We can fix them! We have the technology! In my opinion, if matz's objective is to make the transition to ruby 3.0 simple, then it actually makes a lot of sense to postpone frozen strings by default. Postpone until when? 3.1? So then 3.1 will be the hard break? They've been discussed for what, ten years now? How long is long enough? We've added many ways for people to start transitioning to immutable literal strings, and people are using those mechanisms widely. We've pushed this transition a long time, and we still have another year until 3.0 is out and longer than that until people will need to make a move. What is the threshold for being "ready" to make this change? Unless we're planning to wait until Ruby 4.0 in 2030 to do this, I think we should do it now. I use frozen strings in most of my ruby projects, most of them set to true via the toplevel comment, so either way, it would not affect me. Exactly. Most people already do use frozen string literals. And adding a pragma means we can transition troublesome code to the new way with a single line per affected file. Heck, we can even add --enable:mutable-literal-string for people that are stuck with some of that old unmaintained code, allowing them to have a soft landing.
    1. 个人学习可能取决于他人行为的主张突出了将学习环境视为一个涉及多个互动参与者的系统的重要性
  12. datatracker.ietf.org datatracker.ietf.org
    1. If the client knows the access token expired, it skips to step (G); otherwise, it makes another protected resource request.

      It doesn't have to wait until it gets an invalid token error. It can independently be checking the expiration time before making a request, and if it sees that it has expired, don't even bother making the request, just skip directly to using the refresh token.

    1. The posture of democratic citizenship is avowal of rights and obligations of membership in a civic community. The rationale for this is the moral and political goodness of a civic way of living and the shared promise of human self-realization through interdependence. As such it is the exemplary, most inclusive form of membership; it is a precondition for the sustainability in the modern secular era of other expressions of membership in our lives—social, economic, kinship, familial, and intimate.[17] Again, citizenship avows—makes a vow, takes on a trust—on behalf of a future of moral and political potential toward which it is reasonable to strive. Citizenship is iterative and ongoing; it provides continuity and provokes innovation; each generation of democratic citizens begins a new story of the demos and continues an ongoing one.[18]

      !- key finding : citizenship is a trusteeship - in which the individual takes on responsibility to participate in upholding the mutually agreed principles and promises leading to collective human self-realization - the individual works with others to collective realize this dream which affects all individuals within the group

      !- implement : TPF / DH / SRG -implement this education program globally as part of Stop Reset Go / Deep Humanity training that recognizes the individual collective entanglement and include in the Tipping Point Festival as well

  13. Dec 2022
    1. Pleeaasse don't give "it" a name.There is no "it". You believers are part of the church in your location and you meet together.There is zero biblical precedent for a group of believers giving their particular group a name.I understand that nearly all believers do .... That in no way makes it right.Names seperate us from others of the church in our area.
    1. n the works of Peele, Riley, and Glover, as in the plantation fables of thenineteenth century, animals exceed the racist and anthropocentric logics ofmere substitution. They work in other registers: as revolutionary symbols, asallies in resistance, and as agents who exceed their own use as symbols. Likethe Tar Baby, these animals may seem silent, inert. But if you listen closely,you can hear them speak
    2. As Chris brains Jeremy with abocce ball, the deer’s head is prominent in the background of the shot. Wewould hypothesize that the deer is a reminder not only of his mother (viahis earlier experience with the dying doe), but also of his ancestors moregenerally. African rhythms begin to pulse as Chris takes down Jeremy, andas Chris’s eyes flick to the buck’s head, lyrics are whispered in Swahili, thesame as the opening credits, translating to “Something bad is coming, listento your ancestors, run.” Through this non-diegetic song, with its whisperedmessage from the ancestors, the deer effectively speaks. It then aids Chris inhis escape when the buck’s horns serve as a weapon to kill Dean Armitage

      BIG!!!!

    3. In thetexts we investigate here, animals are sometimes surrogates for devaluedBlack life, as we read them in the context of antebellum animal folktales. Inseeking out the ways that speaking animals covertly share strategies of resis-tance, however, we will argue that they may equally point to the reality ofanimal life beyond its symbolic uses. In the best cases, they might remindus of our own existence alongside animals and of a need to practice care forall living things
    4. the tacit communicationthat Black lives don’t matter to the powers that be, as seen in the poisoneddrinking water of Flint, Michigan, and the exoneration of cops for the murderof unarmed Black civilians—to our nation’s history, in particular the slaveplantation’s complete mastery of the enslaved person’s life
    5. educe animals to mere metaphors, similes, or symbolsdo not seem promising for theorizing ethical recognition of actual animals.Donna Haraway, for example, criticizes philosophical texts that show a “pro-found absence of curiosity about or respect for and with actual animals,even as innumerable references to diverse animals are invoked.” 15 SusanMcHugh, meanwhile, suggests that “the aesthetic structures of metaphor,though precariously supporting the human subject, seem unable to bearanimal agency.”16 An
    6. She maybelieve the comparison reveals the moral horror of industrial animal agri-culture, but, as Bénédicte Boisseron argues, such comparisons “instrumen-talize” Blackness in a “self-serving” way, ignoring the complex and ongoingBlack struggle against dehumanizing discourses and institutions in order toframe “the animal” as “the new black.
    7. As metaphoric operations, plantation animal tales andthe films under discussion here work by pointing out a false equivalency:whereas, under slavery, Black life was set on a par with the animal, whichcould be bought and sold, traded away from family members like chattel, thisequation is rerouted in Black storytellers’ uses of the symbolic animal. Theequivalence of the slave with the animal is reanimated, but now the harm-less animal tale becomes the mechanism for delivering resistive strategies.
    8. It’s well known that throughout modern history (and especiallyafter the rise of social Darwinism and race science in the nineteenth century),racist regimes have used animal metaphors and similes to dehumanize theirtargets—for example, anti-Semites comparing Jews to rats, white suprem-acists comparing Black people to apes or monkeys, or imperialist propa-ganda comparing colonized peoples to animals incapable of self-government.
    9. moves beyond the frameworkof Eurocentric humanism altogether; he asks, “What do black authors createwhen they are willing to engage in a critical embrace of what has been usedagainst them as a tool of derision and denigration, to leap into a vision ofhuman personhood rooted not in the logics of private property or dominionbut in wildness, flight, brotherhood and sisterhood beyond blood?
    10. In particular, we will look at animal lives deemed not worthliving, represented in Jordan Peele’s Get Out, where the figure of the deer isdepicted as vermin to analogize the white characters’ devaluation of Blacklife, but which nonetheless incarnates the resistive potential of turning thisdevaluation upon the oppressor
    11. Any resistance must be sanitized soas to be tolerable” for the general audience. 5 But resistance also works not bybeing sanitized, but by being hidden in plain sight, coded as symbols legibleto some but not to all. The use of animal fables has a long-standing historydating back to slavery as providing such a coded language of resistance

      get out use of deer ... chris, black resistance, fables...taxidermy hidden in plain sight, coded/only chris to understand

  14. Nov 2022
    1. Remember there are two kinds of variable. Internal Variables and Environment Variables. PATH should be an environment variable.

      In my case, I was trying to debug which asdf not finding asdf, in a minimal shell.

      I had checked bash-5.1$ echo $PATH|grep asdf /home/tyler/.asdf/bin

      but ```

      The PATH environment variable

      env | /bin/grep PATH `` being empty was the key discovery here. Must have forgotten theexport`.

    1. You might notice that the “expires_in” property refers to the access token, not the refresh token. The expiration time of the refresh token is intentionally never communicated to the client. This is because the client has no actionable steps it can take even if it were able to know when the refresh token would expire.
  15. Oct 2022
    1. "There is no reason why a writer should not useopenly . . . the contributions of a corps of helpers," he said ofJames Ford Rhodes ; "but the result of such historical method isunlikely to be volumes that reveal unity of historical constructionor the ripe judgment and point of view that come only to the writerwho has done his own selecting and discarding among the sources."

      Review of James Ford Rhodes, History of the United States From Hayes to McKinley, 1877-1896 (New York, 1919), American Historical Review (New York), XXV (April, 1920), 525. Paxson sometimes filed notes handed in by students in the course of routine checks on their work (to about 1913), and he regularly took notes on students' oral seminar reports, but he apparently did not depend on such notes. On the other hand, he often went out of his way, in his own writings, to refer to related works by his students.

      This almost sounds like he's proposing an auteur theory for historical studies rather than film studies.

    1. NOTE: If you are looking to add multiple Live Linux distributions, System Diagnostic Tools, Antivirus Utilities, and Windows Installers, you should use YUMI Multiboot Software, instead

      281022 193603 6-301 R15. SL<br /> o Point for READ

    1. I'm afraid you missed the joke ;-) While you believe spaces are required on both sides of an em dash, there is no consensus on this point. For example, most (but not all) American authorities say /no/ spaces should be used. That's the joke. In writing a line about "only one way to do it", I used a device (em dash) for which at least two ways to do it (with spaces, without spaces) are commonly used, neither of which is obvious -- and deliberately picked a third way just to rub it in. This will never change ;-)
    1. It's really not always a better user experience to keep things in one browser... What if they are in a sign-up or check-out flow in your SPA, and at the last step they need to agree to some conditions in an external page? Unless you use a modal, opening in a new window would really be preferable to the user completely losing context and having to go through the whole process again.
    1. However, the code as it stands associates the block with bar, and if the code is currently working, the programmer should definitely not parenthesize the parameter, because it would change the meaning of the code.
  16. Sep 2022
    1. Why not use map, which we already have for collections? Generally speaking, the map function isn't just about collections (though that's usually how it's used in Ruby). map is more about putting an object in a context (a block in Ruby's case), modifying the object, and returning the modified object.
    1. Notably absent from the debris was plastic from nations with lots of plastic pollution in their rivers. This was surprising, says Egger, because rivers are thought to be the source of most ocean plastic. Instead, most of the garbage-patch plastic seemed to have been dumped into the ocean directly by passing ships.This suggests that “plastic emitted from land tends to accumulate along coastal areas, while plastic lost at sea has a high chance of accumulating in ocean garbage patches”, Egger says. The combination of the new results and the finding that fishing nets make up a large proportion of the debris indicates that fishing — spearheaded by the five countries and territories identified in the study — is the main source of plastic in the North Pacific garbage patch.

      !- leverage point : ocean plastic pollution

  17. Aug 2022
    1. There are many questions we can ask and answer about branch names. Each one is specific to one particular repository because all branch names are local to that particular repository. Any changes anyone makes in that repository affect only that one repository, at least at the time they make them.

      which assumption? well, people make the assumption that our local repo should know some fact about the remote repo, like its default branch, without actually asking the remote about itself

  18. Jul 2022
    1. With practice, your SourceNotes will become more like data and your Points moreanalytical.

      This distinguishing factor is a more useful one than those in other systems.


      Compare this with the idea of Beatrice Webb's "analytic notes" versus "synthetic notes" or "scientific notes" which she describes in My Apprentice (1926).

      see: - https://hypothes.is/a/Fb3Y4Au1Ee2p_sdveWOJKw - https://hypothes.is/a/WGPrOAoOEe2WJV9yx2SVZg - https://hypothes.is/a/2gdRwgoMEe2mdccJDX6zTw

      Web considers "analytic note taking" to be the raw data collection and arrangement (in the same vein of creating databases in the computer science space, which didn't exist when she did her work) upon which historical work is based.

      She views "synthetic notes" as observations of behaviours and writings which probably more closely resembles the idea of "literature notes" (Ahrens) or "source notes" (Allosso). Some of the difference is that she's viewing her notes as a tool for her particular work (sociology) rather than as a broader enterprise which might be used in all fields.

      Webb's synthetic notes are also likely bound up in her idea of Herbert Spencer's "synthetic philosophy" of thinking, which may require some more reading of these sections on my part to better distinguish her specific meaning.


      Webb didn't seem to have a version of "permanent notes" in her conceptualization. Perhaps this is an indication that the evolution of the note really only occurred as it was placed into published writing. This may potentially preclude the reuse of the evolved ideas unless they are separately re-subsumed into one's note collection.

      Ahrens' conceptualization of the zettelkasten has all the writing, revision, and evolution work occurring in the slip box itself so it's always available and reusable. Many modern note taking and writing systems would seem to elide this part. (Is this true in practice? Can we provide examples?)

    2. As you writea new note, which I call a Point Note, the focus shiftsfrom the source material to your own thoughts. This iswhere you begin taking real ownership of the idea, usingthe source as support for a thought you’re pursuing apoint you want to make.

      further elaboration on the idea of a point note

    3. Engage with the idea and comment or elaborateon it in a Point Note.

      Dan Allosso's definition of a point note.

      This is roughly equivalent to permanent notes or evergreen notes in Ahrens or Matuschak's frameworks respectively. Somehow I like what seems like a broader feel here, thought the name

      Does this version contain within it the idea of growth or evolution over time? Evergreen note in Matuschak's version does, though the word evergreen stemming from the journalism space would indicate an idea that doesn't evolve over time but is simply reusable or republishable with little or no work. The linguistic link to evergreen articles in the journalism space creates cognitive dissonance for me in calling notes evergreen. Evergreen connotes reusability, which is useful, but ideas should have the ability to evolve and procreate with other ideas.