- Last 7 days
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accessmedicina-mhmedical-com.ugto.idm.oclc.org accessmedicina-mhmedical-com.ugto.idm.oclc.org
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concomitante
al mismo tiempo
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- Apr 2024
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scienceandnonduality.com scienceandnonduality.com
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But this other kind of anxiety was more like a quiet, unintelligible terror, a distant alarm bell, an uncaused danger
existential isolation - evocative description - See David Loy's description of the same thing as the fear of our own inherent emptiness
quote - existential isolation - Nic Higham
- .But this other kind of anxiety was more like
- a quiet, unintelligible terror,
- a distant alarm bell,
- an uncaused danger.
- It seemed more real and fundamental than any passing concern.
- Apparently arising from my innermost core,
- existential anxiety was a lurking, menacing mythical figure.
- It hid in the shadows of my very Being,
- coming at me from
- everywhere and
- nowhere.
- coming at me from
- It wasn’t an entity but an inescapable mood
- that cunningly evaded
-reason and
- remedy.
- that cunningly evaded
-reason and
- It was
- a constant undercurrent,
- an impending nothingness and hollowness,
- a strange intimacy with an enticing void,
- the cost of having a thumping heart and a free spirit.
reference - Ernest Becker - Denial of Death - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=denial+of+death - The Birth and Death of Meaning - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=the+birth+and+death+of+meaning - David Loy - https://jonudell.info/h/facet/?max=100&expanded=true&user=stopresetgo&exactTagSearch=true&any=david%2Bloy
- .But this other kind of anxiety was more like
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- Mar 2024
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docdrop.org docdrop.org
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qu'est-ce qu'effectivement 00:06:13 l'adolescence
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URL
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- Jan 2024
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www.palmbeachpost.com www.palmbeachpost.com
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The image in this new article has a descriptive <alt> tag of 125 characters or less that a screen reader can read. This description is also concise while still containing enough detail to describe the image. Additionally, it does not contain random letters and numbers assigned to many image files.
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tuprd-my.sharepoint.com tuprd-my.sharepoint.comuc1
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precipitous crags having rough and jagged peaks, standout starkly in sharp contrasts of light and shade.
Its interesting to see the depth of Galileo's descriptions. He goes into such analysis and detail within even the varying creators of the moon. This deep description takes the reader through his journey as he reaches his conclusion. Its also interesting to see his notes on the shifting of creators. He thought they grew and shrank in size, disappearing and reappearing as well.
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- Dec 2023
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onest hope is basically about making sure that our our our hope is grounded in a 00:22:07 in a realistic understanding as we face ourselves about how difficult say climate change is or or uh the economic crisis the world are facing that we actually 00:22:21 acknowledge with the best scientific information we have how serious those are so that's in a sense honest hope is a relationship to truth it's a moral stance towards truth
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for: honest hope - description
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description - honest hope
- a moral stance
- based on the best of our scientific knowledge available
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the third is as a psychological uh a psychological perspective on on what hope needs to be in order to give us a sense of agency 00:25:20 and powerful motivation to persevere through difficult times so those three components i mean frankly they're a reflection of my own kind of hope
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for: powerful hope - description
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description - powerful hope
- psychological view of what hope needs to be in order to motivate agency
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the second of the 00:23:12 uh components of commanding hope is what i call astute hope and this is really uh more of an epistemological stance if the first is a moral attitude or a moral stance towards truth this is a 00:23:24 this is a a a kind of hope that reflects a particular form of knowledge uh in this case knowledge about how uh how we look at the world and what our 00:23:38 perspectives are especially our sort of ideological social and economic perspectives
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for: astute hope - description
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description - astute hope
- our epistemological view of the world
- In complex areas like climate change, we provide tools to help people look at these ideological views
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comment
- Indyweb can provide a good framework for holding the diversity of worldviews for everyone to experience
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this third book is very much a book about activism it's about personal engagement it's about agency how we can how we can make the world better as individuals and perhaps 00:20:38 collectively as as societies
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for: book - Commanding Hope - description
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book: Commanding Hope
- This is a book about agency, activism and personal engagement
- It takes a philosophical understanding of hope and applies it to the polycrisis we face
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- Oct 2023
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docs.google.com docs.google.com
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project was launched in May 2017 as an attempt by Transparência Brasil
Link to th project page https://www.transparencia.org.br/projetos/obratransparente
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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The Wilsons lived in poisonous silence, beneath a veneer of civility. (“We had a fatal gift for politeness,” as Andrew put it.)
love this description
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- Sep 2023
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abcnews.go.com abcnews.go.com
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PM2.5 particles
PM2.5 particles are particles that are so small they can be breathed in. They have been known to lead to adverse effects like heart disease, asthma, and more.
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- Jan 2023
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archive.vcu.edu archive.vcu.edu
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storm of grief
Interesting and compelling description here. Storms take a while to form and are not sudden which causes further questions about her grief.
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- Apr 2022
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www.dublincore.org www.dublincore.org
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11 Subject
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- Mar 2022
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audiodescription.accessinthemaking.ca audiodescription.accessinthemaking.ca
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Audio Description (AD) is usually defined as a way to make TV, films, theater, and other art and media content accessible to blind and low vision audiences. In this standardized approach, AD is often reduced to an add-on that gets created only after artworks are finished. AD and the artwork, in other words, remain distinct. Hosted by the AIM Lab, artistic mentors to the exhibition, Cheryl Green and Thomas Reid, led a 3-part online workshop (September 2021) that challenged this separation. Instead of keeping AD apart from the artwork, they asked: why not consider AD as an art form in and of itself? Beginning from a place that centres the experiences of those who are Blind and recognizes the art in audio description, the workshop invited participants to reflect critically both on visual information and to view it as more than mere access. It encouraged creativity not only through describing an image or object but recognizing how description can generate new art. Participants began with a catalyst piece of art of media piece – audio described it, and then generated a whole new work using the audio description as the foundation. Instead of producing neutral or objective descriptions, participants were invited to experiment with approaches that highlighted the physical body, its situatedness, rich sensory experiences, and storytelling. The resulting series of works engage with AD in innovative and creative ways, exploring sound, text, movement, and their mixtures to build entire worlds. From an audio-logo to a binder that comes to life to sci-fi mediation to a lusty afternoon brewing mead to a video game adventure to artistic critiques of colonial pasts to glittering light that turn windowpanes into jellyfish, the collection of pieces in this online exhibit engages with the creative potentials of access.
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- Nov 2021
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svelte.school svelte.school
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Some call them the lifecycle methods of elements which I think is an apt description.
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- Oct 2021
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human.libretexts.org human.libretexts.org
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or maybe it was how he used fire 15 to describe the trees.
the land was destroyed
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URL
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- Sep 2021
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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Documents of the time
This would be a good place to have one or two illustrative primary documents inserted.
One of the most well known is:
Description of a Slave Ship. London: Printed by James Phillips [for the London Committee of the Society for Effecting the Abolition of the Slave Trade], 1789. Two broadsides.
A digitized copy of the original can be found here: https://dpul.princeton.edu/wa/catalog/qj72p788s
along with some additional context here: https://blogs.princeton.edu/notabilia/2020/05/28/teaching-the-slave-ship/
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- Jul 2021
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icla2021.jonreeve.com icla2021.jonreeve.com
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Bating her lame foot and her leanness (this last a horrid draw-back to a woman, in my opinion), the girl had some pleasing qualities in the eye of a man. A dark, keen, clever face, and a nice clear voice, and a beautiful brown head of hair counted among her merits. A crutch appeared in the list of her misfortunes. And a temper reckoned high in the sum total of her defects.
more descriptions of women 'from the eye of a man'
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In a minute more, Miss Rachel came downstairs–very nicely dressed in some soft yellow stuff, that set off her dark complexion, and clipped her tight (in the form of a jacket) round the waist. She had a smart little straw hat on her head, with a white veil twisted round it. She had primrose-coloured gloves that fitted her hands like a second skin. Her beautiful black hair looked as smooth as satin under her hat. Her little ears were like rosy shells–they had a pearl dangling from each of them. She came swiftly out to us, as straight as a lily on its stem, and as lithe and supple in every movement she made as a young cat. Nothing that I could discover was altered in her pretty face, but her eyes and her lips. Her eyes were brighter and fiercer than I liked to see; and her lips had so completely lost their colour and their smile that I hardly knew them again. She kissed her mother in a hasty and sudden manner on the cheek.
So many similes
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o miserably lean that he looked as if he had not got an ounce of flesh on his bones in any part of him.
We already know that Betteredge pays close attention to the health (ie weight) of women, but I think this might be the first time (?) we get such a physical description of a male character.
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This was a long, lean, wiry, brown, silent man. He had a weary look, and a very steady, attentive eye.
Here comes another description of character. There are always a long paragraph descriptions for each character.
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Then she remembered that the Diamond might take to shining of itself, with its awful moony light in the dark
Description of the Diamond. I'm going to tag this as character description assuming we're calling The Moonstone a character.
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If you know anything of the fashionable world, you have heard tell of the three beautiful Miss Herncastles. Miss Adelaide; Miss Caroline; and Miss Julia–this last being the youngest and the best of the three sisters, in my opinion; and I had opportunities of judging, as you shall presently see.
description of beautiful women by herncastle
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They were nearly as big as their brother; spanking, yellow-haired, rosy lasses, overflowing with super-abundant flesh and blood; bursting from head to foot with health and spirits.
This description is really something. Character description might be interesting to keep in mind later for computational analysis.
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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tall old man, clean shaven save for a long white moustache,
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- Jun 2021
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www.gutenberg.org www.gutenberg.org
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His face was a strong—a very strong—aquiline, with high bridge of the thin nose and peculiarly arched nostrils; with lofty domed forehead, and hair growing scantily round the temples but profusely elsewhere. His eyebrows were very massive, almost meeting over the nose, and with bushy hair that seemed to curl in its own profusion. The mouth, so far as I could see it under the heavy moustache, was fixed and rather cruel-looking, with peculiarly sharp white teeth; these protruded over the lips, whose remarkable ruddiness showed astonishing vitality in a man of his years. For the rest, his ears were pale, and at the tops extremely pointed; the chin was broad and strong, and the cheeks firm though thin. The general effect was one of extraordinary pallor. Hitherto I had noticed the backs of his hands as they lay on his knees in the firelight, and they had seemed rather white and fine; but seeing them now close to me, I could not but notice that they were rather coarse—broad, with squat fingers. Strange to say, there were hairs in the centre of the palm. The nails were long and fine, and cut to a sharp point. As the Count leaned over me and his hands touched me, I could not repress a shudder. It may have been that his breath was rank, but a horrible feeling of nausea came over me, which, do what I would, I could not conceal. The Count, evidently noticing it, drew back; and with a grim sort of smile, which showed more than he had yet done his protuberant teeth, sat himself down again on his own side of the fireplace.
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hey were driven by a tall man, with a long brown beard and a great black hat, which seemed to hide his face from us. I could only see the gleam of a pair of very bright eyes, which seemed red in the lamplight
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hard-looking mouth, with very red lips and sharp-looking teeth, as white as ivory
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We use a single stream/queue/channel to deliver messages from RPC to WS. RPC server acts as publisher: it pushes a JSON-encoded command. Pubsub connection is initialized lazily in this case (during the first #broadcast call). WS server (anycable-go) acts as subscriber: subscription is initialized on server start, messages are received, deserialized and passed to the app.
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- Apr 2021
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docs.microsoft.com docs.microsoft.com
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is a mechanism designed for creating an external host for character-mode subsystem activities that replace the user interactivity portion of the default console host window
My paraphrase: A pseudoterminal replaces (fakes/pretends to be?) the user interactivity portion.
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www.kickstarter.com www.kickstarter.com
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We will dispatch rewards from our factory to our FOUR 3rd party fulfillment centers, to keep things as friendly* as possible worldwide in accordance with all worldwide laws. *"Friendly" to us means: We will collect and pay VAT/Taxes upon importing to our fulfilment centers on everyone's behalf so we can send your rewards DDP vs DAP. If we were not "Friendly" - we would send games direct (DAP) and you would have to pay VAT and admin fees as well as a postal fee to "pick up" your reward locally - vs DDP where that is all done for you and the reward is delivered to your doorstep, "friendly". It costs lots of money to ship 4 containers to 4 different fulfilment centers - but we do that in an effort to help our backers and to be *friendly.
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careerfoundry.com careerfoundry.com
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For instance, when you see a door handle, you assume its function is to open a door. When you see a light switch, you assume it can be flicked to turn on a light. When looking at a chair, you know it can be sat in. All of these are affordances. Don Norman refers to affordances as relationships in his book The Design of Everyday Things. He goes on to say that, “when affordances are taken advantage of, the user knows what to do just by looking: no picture, label, or instruction needed.”
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stackoverflow.com stackoverflow.com
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<aside> is appropriate if the side note "could be considered separate from the content"
From a programmer's perspective:
- It shouldn't be in an <aside>, if it is actually directly about what is in <main>
- An <aside> should be able to be evaluated on its own, (almost entirely) in isolation from, and not dependent on anything in, the <main> content. This could be especially important/relevant for screen readers.
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- Mar 2021
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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A general and intuitive description is that words in a semantic field are not necessarily synonymous, but are all used to talk about the same general phenomenon.
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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Analysis involves reaching a richer and more precise understanding of each requirement and representing sets of requirements in multiple, complementary ways.
The most interesting point to me here is the part:
representing sets of requirements in multiple, complementary ways.
Please elaborate...
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cpeviescol.files.wordpress.com cpeviescol.files.wordpress.com
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Le président du conseil de discipline propose la sanction qui va être soumise au vote des membres du conseil de discipline. Il n’est pas tenu de mettre systématiquement au vote la sanction la plus sévère, l’exclusion définitive sans sursis. Il doit proposer aux membres du conseil de disciIl doit proposer aux membres du conseil de disciIl doit proposer aux membres du conseil de disciIl doit proposer aux membres du conseil de discipline la pline la pline la pline la sanction qui respectesanction qui respectesanction qui respectesanction qui respecterararara, selon lui, les principes g, selon lui, les principes g, selon lui, les principes g, selon lui, les principes généraux énéraux énéraux énéraux d’individuad’individuad’individuad’individualisation et de lisation et de lisation et de lisation et de proportionnalité, évoqués dans la première partie, proportionnalité, évoqués dans la première partie, proportionnalité, évoqués dans la première partie, proportionnalité, évoqués dans la première partie, et qui garantira la portée et qui garantira la portée et qui garantira la portée et qui garantira la portée éducative de cette éducative de cette éducative de cette éducative de cette procédure disprocédure disprocédure disprocédure disciplinaireciplinairecipli
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www.m2navarre.net www.m2navarre.net
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DELIBERATIONS (elles ne figurent pas au PV)
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- Dec 2020
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www.cnape.fr www.cnape.fr
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Forme de dangerDéfinition
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- Oct 2020
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icla2020b.jonreeve.com icla2020b.jonreeve.com
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a green satin dress, a black velvet cloak and a white hat with purple feathers,
This description really helped envision the woman because of the order of clothing in closest to the body to the most external. I think it'd be really interesting to see how orders of things affect our understanding/ability to imagine.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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He was a man of about Grant’s age, or a little older. Thick coarse white hair fell over his forehead and his skin was leathery but pale, yellowish-white like an old wrinkled-up kid glove. His long face was dignified and melancholy and he had something of the beauty of a powerful, discouraged, elderly horse. But where Fiona was concerned he was not discouraged.
Characters:
Aubrey is a secondary character which is consciously described. The character’s features (eyes, hair) and age signs (wrinkles and skin in general) are described with detail, as well as the colours that are perceived. Most characters are compared with different natural features: here, a horse. Nature is an important element in the story for constant references to the landscape, plants and flowers, weather and seasons can be found.<br> All the characters in the story are consistent, motivated and life-like characters; Audrey is not an exception, his character is a static character.
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cache.media.eduscol.education.fr cache.media.eduscol.education.fr
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Qu’est-ce qu’un PIAL ?
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github.com github.com
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svelte-htm - Hyperscript Tagged Markup for svelte; a jsx-like syntax using Tagged Templates
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www.onisep.fr www.onisep.fr
- Sep 2020
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s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com
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The RDF model encodes data in the form ofsubject,predicate,objecttriples. The subjectand object of a triple are both URIs that each identify a resource, or a URI and a stringliteral respectively. The predicate specifies how the subject and object are related, and isalso represented by a URI.
Basic description of Resource Description Framework
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en.wikipedia.org en.wikipedia.org
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The custom code "fills in the blanks" for the framework, such as supplying a table of menu items and registering a code subroutine for each item
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- Aug 2020
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arxiv.org arxiv.org
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Ran, Y., Deng, X., Wang, X., & Jia, T. (2020). A generalized linear threshold model for an improved description of the spreading dynamics. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, 30(8), 083127. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0011658
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- Jul 2020
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Gleeson, J. P., Onaga, T., Fennell, P., Cotter, J., Burke, R., & O’Sullivan, D. J. P. (2020). Branching process descriptions of information cascades on Twitter. ArXiv:2007.08916 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2007.08916
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- May 2020
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gitlab.com gitlab.com
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I encourage people to write good commit messages, with a good description that explains what it does.
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wordpress.org wordpress.org
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This topic is not a support question
This is hard to answer because I don't know what they classify as a "support question". For example, are bugs classified as a support question? So if it's a bug, should I check this or no?
What is the purpose of this checkbox? If you could describe that, it would make it much easier to answer the question.
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- Apr 2020
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kirim.email kirim.email
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Anda bisa membuat email yang lebih profesional dan lebih cantik dengan sangat cepat dan mudah. Anda cukup menggeser (drag & drop) bagian-bagian yang Anda butuhkan.
Tidak perlu lagi bingung mencari ide ide desain atau kalimat email promosi yang menarik, dengan template email premium, Anda tinggal pilih template yang cocok dengan bisnis Anda.
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Dengan Fitur Email Builder 3 Dari KIRIM.EMAIL, Anda Bisa Membuat Email Promosi Yang Lebih Profesional Dengan Cepat dan Mudah, Bahkan Untuk Pemula Sekalipun!
Mencari Ide desain email yang menarik bukan lagi kendala untuk Anda, dengan Template Premium dari KIRIM.EMAIL, Anda bisa langsung menggunakan draft email-email premium yang sudah kami siapkan untuk Anda.
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- Feb 2020
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k6.io k6.io
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Code inside default is called "VU code", and is run over and over for as long as the test is running. Code outside of it is called "init code", and is run only once per VU.
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Nix is a purely functional package manager. This means that it treats packages like values in purely functional programming languages such as Haskell — they are built by functions that don’t have side-effects, and they never change after they have been built.
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- Dec 2019
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www.dougengelbart.org www.dougengelbart.org
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As we are currently using it, the term includes the organization, study, modification, and execution of processes and process structures. Whereas concept structuring and symbol structuring together represent the language component of our augmentation means, process structuring represents the methodology component (plus a little more, actually). There has been enough previous discussion of process structures that we need not describe the notion here, beyond perhaps an example or two. The individual processes (or actions) of my hands and fingers have to be cooperatively organized if the typewriter is to do my bidding. My successive actions throughout my working day are meant to cooperate toward a certain over-all professional goal.
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Before we pursue further direct discussion of the H-LAM/T system, let us examine some background material. Consider the following historical progression in the development of our intellectual capabilities:2c4a 2c4b (1) Concept Manipulation—Humans rose above the lower forms of life by evolving the biological capability for developing abstractions and concepts. They could manipulate these concepts within their minds to a certain extent, and think about situations in the abstract. Their mental capabilities allowed them to develop general concepts from specific instances, predict specific instances from general concepts, associate concepts, remember them, etc. We speak here of concepts in their raw, unverbalized form. For example, a person letting a door swing shut behind him suddenly visualizes the person who follows him carrying a cup of hot coffee and some sticky pastries. Of all the aspects of the pending event, the spilling of the coffee and the squashing of the pastry somehow are abstracted immediately, and associated with a concept of personal responsibility and a dislike for these consequences. But a solution comes to mind immediately as an image of a quick stop and an arm stab back toward the door, with motion and timing that could prevent the collision, and the solution is accepted and enacted. With only non-symbolic concept manipulation, we could probably build primitive shelter, evolve strategies of war and hunt, play games, and make practical jokes. But further powers of intellectual effectiveness are implicit in this stage of biological evolution (the same stage we are in today).2c4b1 (2) Symbol Manipulation—Humans made another great step forward when they learned to represent particular concepts in their minds with specific symbols. Here we temporarily disregard communicative speech and writing, and consider only the direct value to the individual of being able to do his heavy thinking by mentally manipulating symbols instead of the more unwieldly concepts which they represent. Consider, for instance, the mental difficulty involved in herding twenty-seven sheep if, instead of remembering one cardinal number and occasionally counting, we had to remember what each sheep looked like, so that if the flock seemed too small we could visualize each one and check whether or not it was there.2c4b2 (3) Manual, External, Symbol Manipulation—Another significant step toward harnessing the biologically evolved mental capabilities in pursuit of comprehension and problem solutions came with the development of the means for externalizing some of the symbol-manipulation activity, particularly in graphical representation. This supplemented the individual's memory and ability to visualize. (We are not concerned here with the value derived from human cooperation made possible by speech and writing, both forms of external symbol manipulation. We speak of the manual means of making graphical representations of symbols—a stick and sand, pencil and paper and eraser, straight edge or compass, and so on.) It is principally this kind of means for external symbol manipulation that has been associated with the evolution of the individual's present way of doing his concept manipulation (thinking).
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github.com github.com
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Melody is a UI library for building JavaScript applications
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neutrinojs.org neutrinojs.org
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Neutrino combines the power of webpack with the simplicity of presets
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- Jul 2019
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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w them. On the 1st of April it rained and melted the ice, and in the early part of the day, which was very foggy, I heard a stray goose groping about over the pond and cackling as if lost, or like the spirit
Thoreau uses description and narration here to paint a picture of the natural world around him, the sounds and imagery. I found it interesting that he compared the cackling of the goose to the "spirit of the fog."
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- Apr 2019
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www.sec.gov www.sec.govDocument1
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The Coca-Cola Company is the world's largest nonalcoholic beverage company.
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- Jan 2019
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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Like them, all frames basically define parts of our perceptual environment as irrelevant, thus separating that which we attend in a focused manner from all the out-of-frame experience44 that we leave "in the background" and ignore.
Evokes Geertz' advice in ethnographic thick description to focus on the details in order to make sense of the situational context and place people/events in an interpretative frame.
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- Dec 2018
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wendynorris.com wendynorris.com
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A repertoire of very general, made-in-the-academy concepts and systems of concepts-"integration," "rationalization," "symbol," "ideology," "ethos," "revolution," "identity," "metaphor," "structure," "ritual," "world view," "actor," "function," "sacred," and, of course, "culture" itself-is woven into the body of thick-description ethnography in the hope of rendering mere occurrences scientifically eloquent
Concepts that communicate thick description.
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Such a view of how theory functions in an interpretive science suggests that the distinction, relative in any case, that appears in the experimental or observational sciences between "description" and "explanation" appears here as one, even more relative, between "inscription" ("thick description") and "specification" ("diagnosis")-between setting down the meaning particular social actions have for the actors whose actions they are, and stating, as explicitly as we can manage, what the knowledge thus attained demonstrates about the society in which it is found, and beyond that, about social life as such. Our double task is to uncover the conceptual structures that inform our subjects' acts, the "said" of social discourse, and to construct a system of analysis in whose terms what is generic to those structures, what belongs to them because they are what they are, will stand out against the other determinants of human behavior. In ethnography, the office of theory is to provide a vocabulary in which what symbolic action has to say about itself-that is, about the role of culture in human life-can be expressed.
The nut of Geertz' argument: Ethnographic theory building is about developing conceptual structures applicable to other settings in order to understand and analyze culture (human life, symbolic action, and beliefs). Thick description and its interpretation provides the framework for making theoretical distinctions.
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conceptualization is directed toward the task of generating interpretations of matters already in hand, not toward projecting outcomes of experimental manipulations or deducing future states of a determined system. But that does not mean that theory has only to fit (or, more carefully, to generate cogent interpretations of) realities past; it has also to survive-intellectually survive-realities to come. Although we formulate our interpretation of an outburst of winking or an instance of sheepraiding after its occurrence, sometimes long after, the theoretical framework in terms of which such an interpretation is made must be capable of continuing to yield defensible interpretations as new social phenomena swim into view
Cultural theory is not predictive but interpretative. Thick description helps to determine whether a theory can be further elaborated or is no longer useful for describing/interpreting behavior.
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The first is the need for theory to stay rather closer to the ground than tends to be the case in sciences more able to give themselves over to imaginative abstraction. Only short flights of ratiocination tend to be effective in anthropology; longer ones tend to drift off into logical dreams, academic bemusements with formal symmetry. The whole point of a semiotic approach to culture is, as I have said, to aid us in gaining access to the conceptual world in which our subjects live so that we can, in some extended sense of the term, converse with them. The tension between the pull of this need to penetrate an unfamiliar universe of symbolic action and the requirements of technical advance in the theory of culture, between the need to grasp and the need to analyze, is, as a result, both necessarily great and essentially irremovable.
Challenges of theory development about cultural understandings. The tension between semiotic/symbolic approaches that require interpretation (grasp) versus methods that are grounded in analysis.
"...the essential task of theory building here is not to codify abstract regularities but to make thick description possible, not to generalize across cases but to generalize within them."
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Ethnographic findings are not privileged, just particular: another country heard from. To regard them as anything more (or anything less) than that distorts both them and their implications, which are far profounder than mere primitivity, for social theory.
This tension exists in HCI as well.
Interpreted data vs empirical data and how each is systematically analyzed.
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Cultural analysis is (or should be) guessing at meanings, assessing the guesses, and drawing explanatory conclusions from the better guesses, not discovering the Continent of Meaning and mapping out its bodiless landscape. So, there are three characteristics of ethnographic description: it is interpretive; what it is interpretive of is the flow of social discourse; and the interpreting involved consists in trying to rescue the "said" of such discourse from its perishing occasions and fix it in perusable terms ... But there is, in addition, a fourth characteristic of such description, at least as I practice it: it is microscopic.
Ethnographic description:
• Interpretation/sensemaking/meaning/explanation • Interpret the flow of social discourse • Contextualize the discourse • Focus on details
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But as the standard answer to our question has been, "He observes, he records, he analyzes"-a kind of veni, vidi, vici conception of the matter-it may have more deep-going consequences than are at first apparent, not the least of which is that distinguishing these three phases of knowledgeseeking may not, as a matter of fact, normally be possible; and, indeed, as autonomous "operations" they may not in fact exist
Thick description as knowledge seeking, not simply recorded observation.
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But it is an aim to which a semiotic concept of culture is peculiarly well adapted. As interworked systems of construable signs (what, ignoring provincial usages, I would call symbols), culture is not a power, something to which social events, behaviors, institutions, or processes can be causally attributed; it is a context, some-· thing within which they can be intelligibly-that is, thickly-described ....
The primary point of the thick description -- to describe culture as a context in a systematized interpretation of human behavior.
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rom this view of what culture is follows a view equally assured, of what describing it is-the writing out of systematic rules, an ethnographic algorithm, which, if followed, would make it possible so to operate, to pass (physical appearance aside) for a native. In such a way, extreme subjectivism is married to extreme formalism, with the expected result: an explosion of debate as to whether particular analyses (which come in the form of taxonomies, paradigms, tables, trees, and other ingenuities) reflect what the natives "really" think or are merely clever simulations, logically equivalent but substantively different, of what they think. ...
Geertz critique of the behaviorist fallacy also seems to touch on Bowker and Star's argument that meaningful classification comes from within a group not an external observer.
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One is to imagine that culture is a self-contained "super-organic" reality with forces and purposes of its own; that is, to reify it. Another is to claim that it consists in the brute pattern of behavioral events we observe in fact to occur in some identifiable community or other; that is, to reduce it.
Geertz warns about the danger of reducing or reifying culture. While this may have been a debate in anthropology in 1973 (hopefully resolved), it still seems to resonate in HCI today between the factions of technological determinism and social constructionism
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Once human behavior is seen as (most of the time; there are true twitches) symbolic action-action which, like phonation in speech, pigment in painting, line in writing, or sonance in music, signifies-the question as to whether culture is patterned conduct or a frame of mind, or even the two somehow mixed together, loses sense
Action/human behavior as a symbol to illuminate "what's important" not just what exists or can be observed.
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Here, in our text, such sorting would begin with distinguishing the three unlike frames of interpretation ingredient in the situation, Jewish, Berber, and French, and would then move on to show how (and why) at that time, in that place, their copresence produced a situation in which systematic misunderstanding reduced traditional form to social farce.
Example of what needs to be considered to produce a thick description.
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Analysis, then, is sorting out the structures of signification-what Ryle called established codes, a somewhat misleading expression, for it makes the enterprise sound too much like that of the cipher clerk when it is much more like that of the literary critic-and determining their social ground and import.
"sorting out the structures of signification ... and determining their social ground and import" seems akin to Bowker and Star's discussion about the social, ethical, and moral aspects of classification.
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Quoted raw, a note in a bottle, this passage conveys, as any similar one similarly presented would do, a fair sense of how much goes into ethnographic description of even the most elemental sort-how extraordinarily "thick" it is. In finished anthropological writings, including those collected here, this fact-that what we call our data are really our own constructions of other people's constructions of what they and their compatriots are up to-is obscured because most of what we need to comprehend a particular event, ritual, custom, idea, or whatever is insinuated as background information before the thing itself is directly examined.
Deeper exploration of just how "thick" these descriptions (interpretations of interpretations) can be versus observation.
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But the point is that between what Ryle calls the "thin description" of what the rehearser (parodist, winker, twitcher ... ) is doing ("rapidly contracting his right eyelids") and the "thick description" of what he is doing ("practicing a burlesque of a friend faking a wink to deceive an innocent into thinking a conspiracy is in motion") lies the object of ethnography: a stratified hierarchy of meaningful structures in terms of which twitches, winks, fake-winks, parodies, rehearsals of parodies are produced, perceived, and interpreted, and without which they would not (not even the zero-form twitches, which, as a cultural category, are as much nonwinks as winks are nontwiches) in fact exist, no matter what anyone did or didn't do with his eyelids
Definition of thick vs thin description in ethnography.
For HCI, ethnographic description (and ethnomethodology) help to generate the necessary symbols, sensemaking, and motivations to better interpret and understand human behavior with a specific cultural context. Helps to put a much finer point on simple observation.
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- Nov 2018
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www.vachana.sanchaya.net www.vachana.sanchaya.net
- Oct 2018
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LanguaL™ is a multilingual thesaural system using facetted classification.
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- Sep 2018
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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the trees shiver,
I really liked her use of description and personification here.
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- Aug 2018
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course-computational-literary-analysis.netlify.com course-computational-literary-analysis.netlify.com
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All his long years of service gone for nothing!
This sentence shows that Mr. Doran is very unwilling to marry Polly, let alone love her. The writer spends a lot of words to describe how regretful Mr. Doran is to emphasize that the marriage between Mr. Doran and Polly must be unhappy. Thus, the writer debunks the incalculable consequences that Mrs. Mooney's interference to Polly's marriage cause through side description.
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- Feb 2018
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www.perseus.tufts.edu www.perseus.tufts.edu
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Ὑπερβορέους
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Δαλογενὴς
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Περσᾶ[ν
No Pleiades URI https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire
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Ἑλλάνων
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Συρακοσίῳ
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- Sep 2017
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Local file Local file
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IfwefocusonhowpeopleenactthemselvesassubjectsofpowerthroughtheInternet,itinvolvesinvestigatinghowpeopleuselanguagetodescribethemselvesandtheirrelationstoothersandhowlanguagesummonsthemasspeakingbeings.Toputitdifferently,itinvolvesinvestigatinghowpeopledothingswithwordsandwordswiththingstoenactthemselves.ItalsomeansaddressinghowpeopleunderstandthemselvesassubjectsofpowerwhenactingthroughtheInternet.
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Or that the dog at the bottom of the stairs keeps having mild strokes, which cause her to tilt her head inquisitively and also to fall over
I find this description of the dog very upsetting, because she cares about her dog and to have to see her dog go through these strokes has to be very difficult. Jo Ann also does a good job of helping me understand what the stroke looks like, in her eyes, when it occurs
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- Mar 2017
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med.stanford.edu med.stanford.edu
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EFO is a data-driven application ontology that reuses concepts from over 30 ontologies,
this is what EFO is. it links multiple ontologies together and unifies different data using different ontologies
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sites.google.com sites.google.com
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There was a pause as cars hooted on the road, jutka-drivers swore at their horses and the babble of the crowd agitated the semi-darkness of the park.
Long description slows down the pace of reading, reflecting the substantial pause in the narrated event.
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- Jun 2016
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bionames.org bionames.org51.pdf2
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Caulobothrium anacolum sp. n.(Figs. 12-13, 19)DESCRIPTION (n = number of measurementsused): Strobila acraspedote, apolytic, 6.8-15.4mm long, composed of 13-32 (n = 30) pro-glottids. Scolex with four pedicellated, quad-rate bothridia; pedicels 50-150 long, wider atbothridium than at trunk; bothridia 648-804long by 324-700 wide, with 22-23 transversesepta forming 23—24 total loculi; median longi-tudinal septum absent. Cephalic peduncle120-360 long. Immature proglotticls widerthan long; mature ones 1.14-2.54 mm long by0.38 mm wide. Testes in anterior % of pro-glottid, 34-45 (x = 41, 11 = 20) in number,54-138 in diameter; 10-14 (12) postporally,5-7 (6) preporally, 18-27 (23) antiporally.Cirrus sac in anterior % of proglottid, 144-216long by 108-178 wide, containing spined ever-sible cirrus. Genital atrium inconspicuous.Genital pore 19-29% of proglottid length fromanterior end, irregularly alternating. Vaginaanterior to cirrus sac; vaginal sphincter present;posterior portion expanded to form seminalreceptacle. Ovary bilobed in frontal view, X-shaped in cross-section, follicular, 144-312 longby 96—300 \vide at isthmus in tci'minal pro-glottids. Vitelline follicles extending length ofproglottid, 12-60 in diameter.
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Rhinebothrium magniphallum sp. n.(Figs. 15, 17)DESCRIPTION (n = number of measurementsused): Strobila acraspedote, apolytic, 2.28-3.06 mm long, composed of 8-12 (n = 40)proglottids. Scolex composed of four pedicel-lated, bilobed, elongate bothridia with indis-tinct hingelike constriction between lobes;pedicels up to 22 long; bothridia 264-488 longby 128—144 wide, divided transversely by 15-17 transverse septa forming 16-18 total loculi;median longitudinal septum absent. Cephalicpeduncle 24-60 long. Immature proglottidswider than long to longer than wide; matureones 444-912 long by 108-204 wide. Testesin anterior MJ of proglottid, in two longitudinalrows, 10-15 (x = 12, n = 21) in number, 17—41 in diameter. Cirrus sac at midproglottid,145-195 long by 46—75 wide, containing spinedeversible cirrus. Genital atrium prominent.Genital pore 36-48% of proglottid length fromanterior end, irregularly alternating. Vaginaanterior to cirrus sac; v a g i n al sphincter present.Ovary near posterior end of proglottid, lobesfused posteriorly, X-shaped in cross-section,116-238 long by 29-87 wide at isthmus interminal proglottids. Vitelline follicles extend-ing entire length of proglottid, may be conflu-ent posterior to ovary, 10-35 in diameter.HOST: Himantura schmardae.SITE: Spiral valve.LOCALITY: Caribbean Sea, 15 km. west ofLa Cienaga, Magdalena, Colombia.HOLOTYPE: USNM Helm. Coll. No. 73965.Paratypes: USNM Helm. Coll. No. 73966;Univ. Neb. S t a te Mus., H. W. Manter Lab. N o.20262.ETYMOLOGY: The species name refers to therelative size of the cirrus s a c.Rhinebothrium magniphallum resembles R.monodi Euzet, 1954 (17) and R. scobinaeEuzet and Carvajal, 1973 (19) in number ofbothridial loculi; R. hawaiiensis Comford, 1974(11-13), R. euzeti Williams, 1958 (12) andR. cadenati Euzet, 1954 (12-14) in number oftestes per proglottid; and R. scobinae and R.cadenati in lacking a median longitudinal sep-tum in each bothridium. The cirrus sac of R.magniphallum is relatively much larger thanthat of any other species.
Rhinebothrium magniphallum
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- Apr 2016
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www.oekolandbau.de www.oekolandbau.de
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Hier sehen Sie auf einen Blick, welche Betriebe des Netzwerkes "Demonstrationsbetriebe ökologischer Landbau" in Ihrer Nähe liegen. Die blauen und gelben Punkte zeigen an, wie viele Demonstrationsbetriebe sich in einer bestimmten Region befinden. Ein Klick darauf zoomt die Ansicht näher heran. Die roten Fähnchen markieren jeweils die genaue Lage der Demonstrationsbetriebe, ein Klick darauf führt Sie zum Betriebsporträt.
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- Feb 2016
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www.newyorker.com www.newyorker.com
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Christoph Goertz. He’s hip in a professorial, cardigan/jeans kind of way. He’s tall and lanky and white-haired, forty-seven years old, with an elegant trace of accent from his native Germany.
The narrator is describing a character so that the readers can visualize how he looks like.
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- Dec 2015
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Now, let’s move on. I want to correct a misconception on your part—a spatial misconception. you are feeling that you are moving forward along a path, building upon a foundation of knowledge and ability to reason, which you have developed and exercised in the past. This is not the case. The fact is that you are moving backwards on the path which you have come. This is because, to a large degree, your path took you away from your Being and into a three-dimensional frame of reference. You are, so to speak, relaxing back out of that thinking process—that finite, reasoning, intellectual structure which you felt was getting you somewhere in a progressive sense. Our conversation right now is not the result of a thinking process at all. When you stand at the Door as the Door, the Wisdom, the Truth, the Knowledge that flows through and as your conscious experience of Being, is not the result of thought processes, nor of reasoning. Because It continues to flow on past you, It truly does not become a stored body of knowledge from which you may draw in the future. Standing as the Door means that, in this so-called “future,” whatever Knowledge and Understanding is applicable to the unfolding at that time will be there in exactly the same manner that It is here right now. You see, Paul, we are beginning to redefine what constitutes your conscious experience of Being.
Description of how Being operates.
Not by storing knowledge...
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Now, I want to correct a misconception on your part. Your ability to reason and think is not the equivalent of the three-dimensional frame of reference. Your thought processes and reasoning processes are not to be ignored. We would not be communicating at this very moment if you did not have the means to translate the meanings I am communicating into words and phrases. It is only by virtue of the fact that you have imagination, reason, perspicacity—all of the various capacities and functions of Consciousness—that you are able to correctly translate that which unfolds to you. This is true whether it is coming from me, or from that Place wherein you directly experience the Reality of Being. We run into trouble when we stand away from the Door, and begin our thinking or thought processes from their standpoint, and then extrapolate and come to conclusions without going within and being as Conscious Being. You see, Being unfolds Itself as meaning, not as language. It is through the function of Reason and Imagination that language is brought into play, for the purpose of verbalizing these infinite meanings which Being is unfolding. You do have a right to answers which will identify the Absolute Oneness of Being throughout your entire experience of Being.
Question: what is the best Tag to use when referring to challenges that arise in life - here, Raj, speaks of running into trouble when we begin our thought process apart from conscious Being.
Raj is correcting Paul's Belief, or misconception, regarding reason and thinking.
He also further describes Being.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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The process of “observing” is the Conscious Function of Mind. That which is being “observed” is Mind’s Universal Function of being Conscious Being. In other words, Being—Mind—by being, projects or manifests Itself, and is the Observing of the Process. It is the projector, the image, and the observing of it. The more you learn to be out from Mind—rather than believing that you are some part of the image on the screen—the more you will become aware of the total harmony of the total process or function that constitutes your Being. What you apparently do, and what apparently is done to you, will become apparent as being totally harmonious. There will be no sense or experience of separation, lack, division, or opposition. The conscious experience of Being is all that is going on. The details, the drama, the story line, et cetera, are incidental to the whole Process.
Description of Conscious Being.
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- Nov 2015
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christmind.info christmind.info
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You are the masculine figure, the point at which Life emerges into manifestation. You are also the feminine figure, that out of which the form is formed. You are the Life, and you are the Substance by means of which Life is Self-expressed. It is a total and complete Life process. Your Being is the Father/Mother God referred to in one of your prayers. As I said, all of you is always present.
Map this out - come up with an image of Being, Totality, and Creativity.
This is a further description of Being; masculine, feminine, Life, and the Substance by which Life is expressed.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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On the other hand, Identity, when It is perceived to be the expression of the Universal, omnipresent divine Mind or Intelligence, is capable of expressing Itself on a sustained basis—so sustained that the word “eternal” is the only word that describes It. It is so substantial by virtue of Its Nature as Intelligence, that It is called Omnipotent.
Identity is the expression of the Universal Divine Mind.
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There is only one infinite Life/Principle, one infinite Identity, infinitely expressed and seen as all that exists. It is what constitutes the center and circumference of Being—Your Self as you experience It, Susan’s Self as she experiences It, and my Self as I experience It. Its omnipotence or strength is constituted of Its absolute omnipresent Integrity, which is Its Intelligent Nature. it is not thrilling or exciting when contemplated from an egotistical standpoint. But It is satisfying in ways that are so meaningful that they cannot compare to the “thrills” of the ego. It also has this benefit: The satisfaction is eternal and unchanging.
There is only one infinity Identity infinitely expressed and seen as all that exists. It is what makes up the center and circumference of Being.
Identity is not exciting when compared from an egotistical standpoint.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Now, when I said that Substance is Energy, I did not mean that It was energy in the sense that your scientists measure and call electrical or atomic energy. it is Energy in the sense that It is Light. Even so, It is not Light in the sense of It being that energy which emanates from your sun. In terms of the manner in which It is experienced Fourth-dimensionally, it is very similar. It radiates, glows, or fluoresces, yet these are very poor words to describe it. Light, as it is experienced objectively, is seen only as it reflects off of an object. At night, when you look out into the objective universe and there is nothing in the sky to reflect light, the sky appears to be black, except where light is either reflected or generated as planets and stars. Fourth-dimensionally speaking, the Substance which is Light is illumined, apparently, from within. It is not a reflected light. The apparent space between specific manifestations of Mind will not be found to be dark, because the Fourth-dimensional equivalent of what appears to be empty space in the three-dimensional frame of reference, is filled with the omnipresent Substance of Being. Therefore, you will find that even “empty space” is filled with that living Illumination of the Universal Substance which is Light. Further, it must be understood that this Substance which is Light is Love, living Love. You have experienced this already in illumination, and so I know you understand what I am saying.
Holy, do I every perceive it different than this, Batman!!
This sounds similar to descriptions of the "other side" given by NDE'ers.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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PAUL: Okay, Raj, I’m alone… RAJ: Although you caught it, I want to amplify on it. “Alone” is a three-dimensional concept implying that there’s everyone else, and then there’s “me.” This is ego. You’ve got to be alert. Notice that your body is having physical sensations that you recognize as feeling disheartened, worried, or fearful. Notice that it has an intent; it is not just a feeling. It is there to motivate you to “do” something objective. Notice that in observing it, the I that is You that is observing is clear, unmoved, and at peace. To be alone with one’s Being is to be totally Present, Universally Present, without one iota projected “out there.” It is to have no other Mind but God. Notice that Its intent is not directed at you. Notice that It does not try to coerce you. Notice that you are not aware of a separate selfhood upon which It can act. Don’t try to reason it out or figure it out. Just notice It. At the present moment, you are not completely free of the inclination to believe that you are what ego says, and that you are in a pickle. On the other hand, you are not buying the story, either. Just notice. You have never had to go all the way before, so this is new territory for you. But, as long as you don’t relinquish any of the territory you have gained so far, you will find yourself moving forward. You will not lose any ground. Okay, Let’s get back to your opening statement.
The belief that I can be alone is ego. Notice the feeling and intent of being alone. It is there to motivate you to do something objective.
This presents a deeper perspective than I've previously considered. The Experience of aloneness stemming from ego generates a physical feeling and an intent directed outward.
And now he contrasts that with being alone with one's Being. This is being totally Present with nothing projected outward. Being Present is to have no other Mind but God...
Isn't this a description of Conscious Being given in terms of Presence?
Paul is still inclined to believe what the ego says - but he does not buy it completely. Moving forward implies that the temptation to agree with ego decreases.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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You are truly beginning to experience the Fourth- and third-dimensional frames of reference existing side by side. You are able to observe yourself, and actually experience what seems to you to be yourself, being depressed. At the same time, you are able to experience your Self as being totally clear, at peace, in harmony with your Being, and not emotionally vexed in any way.
A description of simultaneous experience of 3d and 4d frame of reference.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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March 19, 1982 Friday
This chapter is description of how to heal a challenge in life - whatever it is. It outlines a practice to employ in times of challenge.
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- Oct 2015
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Paul, it is impossible for your world to become integrated if you do not understand what the Substance of that Totality is. This is why we are discussing this point this morning. The only Substance there is throughout the Universe—and throughout all dimensions—is Light. This Light, in Its various aspects, is Life, Truth, Principle, Mind, Soul, and Spirit. It is also Intelligence and Substance. In everything you do, I want you to begin to be conscious of this idea that all there is to you—and all there is to everything—is this Light of Living Love. There are not two things going on. This Light is eternally living Itself as the intelligent expression of Conscious Experience, universally and specifically.
My world cannot be healed unless I come to understand that the totality of all things is Light, which is Love.
Here he equates Light to Life, Truth, Principle, Mind, Soul, and Spirit.
He gives Paul an exercise. To begin to be conscious, in everything he does, that all there is to him - and to everything - is Living Love (God!!!!)
There is not two things going on, there is not the perceived drama of life and Living Love. And this is where the practice is important because it the insanity of the world seems to be true.
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RAJ: This Light energy, which is constituted of the Christ-consciousness—God’s view of Himself—is what constitutes your consciousness and your experience, Totally and Completely. you must understand that there is nothing else going on—no other Presence but this Light. It is the Light of Living Love.
Christ Consciousness is God's view of Himself, is what constitutes Light.
Light constitutes your consciousness and experience totally and completely.
There is nothing else going on - no other Presence but this Light, the Light of Living Love.
This is a description of Christ and of Heaven.
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RAJ: The delight of Life is the signal which indicates the successful completion or Awakening in individual thought. This is because it indicates the amalgamation or connection of the Alpha and Omega—the inside and the outside—the spiritual and material—the Fourth Dimension with the first three as Conscious Experience. I know that this is very difficult for you to put up with, because you feel there are more pressing needs, but if you will bear with me a little longer, it will be worth your while.
Awakening is complete when you delight in Life. Delight indicates union of spiritual and material, the inside and outside, the 3D and 4D.
Paul finds it very hard to accept this, he is distracted by his present financial challenges.
Isn't this (focus on 3dRef) what keeps us bound to the illusion?
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Paul, all energy is Light, and Light is the omnipresent energy that constitutes all life forms, all ideas, and all of every aspect of Conscious Being. it is the pure Light that is Love. It is the pure Light that constitutes Substance. It is the pure Light which differentiates Itself according to Intelligence as all that appears and all that is.
Lot's here in this one paragraph.
All energy is Light, it is a subset of Light. Light is ever present and constitutes every aspect of Being. Light is Love.
That means every aspect of Being is Love - and all things are Love.
Light differentiates itself, according to Intelligence, as all that is.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Being is the Universal unfolding of It’s Self-perpetuating Action. Give up your attempts to grasp it, hold it, turn it over, and understand it by means of such examination. You must be willing to understand by virtue of Its Self-explanation. You must let go.
Another description of Being and a suggestion to allow and understand it through its Self explanation.
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I understand completely, Paul. This is when you are experiencing the cohesiveness, the Oneness, of your Being. Your conscious experience should constantly be experienced from this Place. Go ahead and feel it and be consciously there. Notice that although you are relaxed, you are totally aware, and you are totally capable of movement and activity. But, you are quite aware that you are not in it and you are not investing your Self into any single experience. This is important.
A description of the conscious experience of Being.
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christmind.info christmind.info
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Practice is truly a matter of not doing anything from a manipulative standpoint. It is truly a matter of relinquishing that finite concept of self, and going willingly within to that point where your Being is being consciously perceived as your Conscious Being.
Practice described as dropping the finite concept of self - as not doing anything from a manipulative standpoint.
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Law, from a Universal standpoint, is constituted of Intelligence. It is the Mindful orderliness, the constituting of Harmony, of every aspect, and activity of Being. It is not a means of enforcement, but is, instead, the spontaneous but Absolute Principle according to which the functioning of Being occurs. Law is not a tool to use, but is the predisposing Nature of Intelligence to be inherently Principled.
The description of Law that governs the order and harmony of every aspect of the activity of Being.
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- Jul 2015
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www.sciencemag.org www.sciencemag.org
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Fig. 1 IAV requires the Ub-binding function of HDAC6 for capsid uncoating.
In this figure the authors showed the results obtained when they investigated HDAC6 role in IAV entry.
Panel A: The top part shows a cartoon of IAV entry that consists of multiple steps. The authors studied what step HDAC6 was critical during the virus host cell entry. Bottom part shows quantitative analysis graphs, each corresponding to the above step of IAV entry under investigation.
Panel A (endocytosis): The authors measured the amount of HA-stained spots per cell in wild type MEFs (WT MEF) compared to HADC5 Knock-out MEFs (HDAC6 KO). The third bar represents WT MEFs that were treated with dynasore (Dyn) in order to stop the endocytosis process. Depletion of HDAC6 did not influence the endocytosis step.
Panel A (HA-Acidification): In this step HDAC6 KO MEFS did not show any difference with respect to the wild type cells. It was concluded that HDAC6 does not influence this step of the virus infection.
Panel A (Fusion): fusion of capsid to endosome membrane is not affected by the lack of HDAC6 in knock-out MEF cells as shown in graph.
Panel A (Uncoating): Measuring the amount of cells with dispersed M1, the authors noticed that cells lacking HDAC6 dispersed less M1. This observation led to the conclusion that HDAC6 was fundamental for the uncoating process.
Panel A (vRNP import): Indeed, As vRNP import represents the step following uncoating, HDAC6 KO MEFs showed less NP-positive nuclei because the previous uncoating step was reduced.
In analyzing HA Acidification, Fusion, Uncoating and vRNP import, the authors used BafA1, which is a drug that is able to block uncoating, as a control for their experiment.
Panel B is a graphical representation of the 2 deacetylase catalytic domains of HDAC6 and the zinc-finger ubiquitin binding domain that is close to the C-terminus of the enzyme.
Panel C HDAC6 (WTr) (light gray bar) was a line of HDAC6 KO MEFs able to express again HDAC6. HDAC6 (HDm) (blue bar) was a line of HDAC6 KO MEFs expressing HDAC6 mutated in its deacetylase domain. HDAC6 (ZnFm) (purple bar) was a line of HDAC6 KO MEFs expressing HDAC6 with a mutation in its zinc-finger domain. The authors evaluated the effect of these mutations on the uncoating capacity of IAV. Depletion of deacetylase activity of HDAC6 did not influence the uncoating. Instead, loss of zinc-finger ubiquitin binding domain was detrimental for the uncoating.
The two asterisks on top of the purple bar indicate that this result is statistically significant, that is a result that is caused by something other than mere random chance.
Panel D: life in technicolor!!! These experiments were performed using the confocal microscopy technique. Fluorescent dye molecules bind to specific parts of the cell, so that only those parts are visualized. Fluorescent dyes are chemical compounds that re-emit light upon light excitation (light absorption).<br> The following video, created by Northwest Missouri State University, explains the basics of confocal microscopy. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jUAvneBhDcQ
The authors observed that after 2.5 hours from infection, M1 is dispersed inside WT MEFs, indicating that uncoating has occurred. Instead, M1 is confined inside vacuoles when cells lack HDAC6 and the mutant cells in which HDAC6 lacks the Zinc-finger ubiquitin binding region, meaning that the uncoating hasn't occurred.
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- May 2015
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www.synapse.org www.synapse.org
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A tool to improve reproducibility of data intensive science, recording progress as you work with tools such as R and Python.
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- Feb 2015
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www.synapse.org www.synapse.org
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The goal of the DREAM Olfaction Prediction Challenge is to find models that can predict how a molecule smells from its physical and chemical features.
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- Nov 2013
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caseyboyle.net caseyboyle.net
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For between two absolutely different spheres, as between subject and object, there is no causality, no correctness, and no expression; there is, at most, an aesthetic relation:
Hm. Well, that's something, at least. Can we feel or sense or experience things beyond description with our sensory perception?
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