• for: dualism, duality, dualism - Freud
• paraphrase
  • Freud's model of the psyche was firmly rooted in the Cartesian-empiricist philosophy that continues to dominate the scientific worldview.
  • The most basic commitment of this model is the idea that:
    • we are discrete individual entities opposed to
    • an objective, neutral world that exists independently of us.
  • Per this model, we come to know and experience the world outside of us through a combination of:
    • internally determined processes and
    • the mental assimilation of data from the outside world.
  • Minds, as such, are
    • a prerequisite for experience, and
    • experiences are essentially a result of cognition.
  • This perspective perseveres today, for example, in the notion that
    • we become familiar with other people’s internal worlds through our private theories of their minds.
  • It also perseveres in the conceptual basis of CBT,
    • which understands our experience of the world and relationships as being determined, in large part, by
      • how we individually perceive and make sense of those things.

I'd say a worldview was views and values and what makes a worldview is that it is comprehensive.

Mirriam webster has:

a comprehensive conception or apprehension of the world especially from a specific standpoint

For the kind of worldviews we are interested in I would emphasize the ontological aspect: i.e. it includes core views (often implicit) about the nature of the world and the nature of human beings (especially the latter is what i mean by ontological).

Wikipedia has (oddly following)

A worldview or a world-view or Weltanschauung is the fundamental cognitive orientation of an individual or society encompassing the whole of the individual's or society's knowledge, culture, and point of view.

Wikipedia cites a source which has another, even better, definitional quote:

In his article on the philosopher Wilhelm Dilthy in The Encyclopedia of Philosophy, H.P. Rickman writes

a Weltanschauung [worldview], or philosophy, in which a picture of reality is combined with a sense of its meaning and value and with principles of action ...

This has to be true, and I'm glad there is a study to demonstrate it. It's one study, and it's a small sample. But, it's worth a look.

The proposal is to interpret mind and matter as aspects of the same process network, and decouple both from the Cartesian/Newtonian mechanistic worldview. Catalysts of elementary reactions are agents exhibiting intention, which can exhibit increasingly complex behavior Distributed cognition that emerges from high level social interactions cannot be situated in any single individual brain.

Blackwell, T. (2022, January 18). Living for the moment: Study points to cognitive differences in people who are vaccine hesitant. National Post. https://nationalpost.com/health/living-for-the-moment-study-points-to-cognitive-differences-in-people-who-are-vaccine-hesitant

Caulfield, T. (2021, October 18). The Golden Age of Junk Science Is Killing Us. Men’s Health. https://www.menshealth.com/health/a37910261/how-junk-science-and-misinformation-hurt-us/

Wiseman, E. (2021, October 17). The dark side of wellness: The overlap between spiritual thinking and far-right conspiracies. The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2021/oct/17/eva-wiseman-conspirituality-the-dark-side-of-wellness-how-it-all-got-so-toxic

Many of the snippets here talk about what was in individual commonplace books and how their contents indicated what was admired. What about the negative image of all the things which were excluded?

What things did people read which they didn't commonplace? What does that say about them? Their times? The way they thought?

Could their commonplacing be compared with their marginalia to show what rose to certain levels of interest and what didn't? Digging through the records to find and verify marginalia may be incredibly tedious in comparison with specifically kept things.

Some of my own fleeting notes, which I keep because it's easy, may show some interesting things about the way I think in comparison to those things upon which I expand, keep, and value more for my work and my worldview.

Schindler, S., Reinhardt, N., & Reinhard, M.-A. (2020). Defending one’s worldviews under mortality salience – Testing the validity of an established idea. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7bxcs

Houghton, J. P. (2020). Interdependent Diffusion: The social contagion of interacting beliefs. ArXiv:2010.02188 [Physics]. http://arxiv.org/abs/2010.02188

Ecker, Ullrich, Brandon Sze, and Matthew Andreotta. ‘No Effect of Partisan Worldview on Corrections of Political Misinformation’, 20 August 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/bszm4.

Axt, J. R., Landau, M. J., & Kay, A. C. (2020). The Psychological Appeal of Fake-News Attributions. Psychological Science, 0956797620922785. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797620922785

US, A. B., The Conversation. (n.d.). Coronavirus Responses Highlight How Humans Have Evolved to Dismiss Facts That Don’t Fit Their Worldview. Scientific American. Retrieved June 30, 2020, from https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/coronavirus-responses-highlight-how-humans-have-evolved-to-dismiss-facts-that-dont-fit-their-worldview/

This is what makes speeches unique and compelling. The speaker's worldview allows him to scan the landscape of his reality, decide which issues or subjects are present, choose one that interests him, and prepare the speech.

Points to a short-sightedness and tunnel vision in sections of media. Taking a focussed view on a very narrow area of a field, as opposed to a "world view" as advocated by the author.

Validity of research is dependent on worldview.

Seeing the world as a hostile place, we defend with our power to deceive. Competition and survival based in theories of scarcity.