When building containment and defense systems, we apply defenses to three main components: the environment in which the agent runs, the model the agent consults, and the external content the agent can reach.
行动建议：构建多层防御体系，同时保护运行环境、模型本身和外部内容三个层面。环境层设置硬边界，模型层使用提示和分类器引导行为，外部内容层限制工具权限。这种重叠防御策略能够有效应对不同类型的攻击向量。
a living attack surface that needs continuous monitoring.
这一观点重塑了我们对软件供应链的认知模型。依赖图不再是静态的、可信任的组件清单，而是一个动态演化、充满变数的活体攻击面。这要求防御体系从周期性的静态审计转向实时的持续监控，在依赖引入的瞬间进行行为拦截，实现安全左移的终极形态。
the organizations that protect the internet will need to operate at the speed of machines and the scale of networks.
令人惊讶的是：未来的网络安全防御者必须以“机器的速度”和“网络的规模”来运作。人类分析师的传统响应模式将彻底被淘汰，取而代之的是AI对抗AI的极速攻防战。安全防护的时间单位将从小时、分钟压缩到毫秒级别，这完全颠覆了传统的安全运营认知。
We need people in government and in the military who can lead the nation to victory in times of war, but that is quite different than having people in leadership who indulge in bloodlust or who are wrestling with inner demons.
We ran high-level US civil war simulations. Minnesota is exactly how they start<br /> by [[Claire Finkelstein]] in The Guardian<br /> accessed on 2026-01-21T10:07:26
Nach den Erfahrungen mit den Angriffen der ersten Trump-Administration auf die Wissenschaft haben Wissenschaftler:innen in den USA verschiedene Maßnahmen zum Schutz wissenschaftlicher Institutionen ergriffen. Die New York TImes berichtet ausführlich über diese scientific integrity policies, die wissenschaftliche Arbeit öffentlich beobachtbar machen, aber politische Einflussnahme ausschließen sollen. Die Biden- und schon die Obama-Administration haben scientific integrity policies gefördert. Zu den Maßnahmen gehören die Benennung von Verantwortlichen für wissenschaftliche Integrität in Behörden und Kollektivverträge, die die Disziplinierung von Forschenden erschweren.
Zum „War on Science“ schon der ersten Trump-Regierung gehörte außer Entlassungen von Wissenschaftler:innen auch die Anordnung der Verfälschung von Forschungsergebnissen. https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/17/climate/trump-government-scientists.html
"States with large defense-contracting sectors and more military bases receive more federal defense spending, while federal wages are disproportionately concentrated within states with a large federal employee presence," the report notes.
Die Biden-Regierung hat Regeln zur Subventionierung von grünem Wasserstoff finalisiert. Lobbies konnten sich zwar teilweise durchsetzen, die Förderungen werden aber weitgehend nur der Wasserstoffproduktion mit erneuerbarer Energie zugutekommen. Es ist allerdings nach dem Ende mehrerer Projekte unsicher, dass die WasserstoffIndustrie mit dem von vielen erwarteten hohem Tempo aufgebaut wird https://www.nytimes.com/2025/01/03/climate/hydrogen-subsidies-biden-treasury.html
The NCQG text, by contrast, makes it clear that voluntary contributions count. “This allows countries to opt in…to be contributors to the goal without changing their development status,” Joe Thwaites, a senior advocate in international climate finance at the Natural Resources Defense Council, told Carbon Brief.
ChatGPT can automatically generate threat intelligence reports based on various data sources, including social media, news articles, dark web forums, and other online sources.
Defense Method of ChatGPT
A feature of GPT-4’s architecture is its ability to generate natural, context-based text. This can be exploited to create an AI-powered incident response assistant, capable of providing immediate guidance during an incident and automatically documenting events as they unfold.
ChatGPT-4. which is a recent update for ChatGPT, can be used to create incident responses in record time, helping resolve attack issues as quick as it is received
GPT-4 can be trained on a dataset of known malware signatures, malicious and benign code snippets, and their behavior patterns.
As technology evolves, ChatGPT can recognize and understand behavior patterns of malware
These reports can help organizations identify potential security threats, assess their risk level, and take appropriate action to mitigate them.
ChatGPT can generate easy to understand reports to important figures within a company
ChatGPT cybersecurity use cases could provide considerable relief for understaffed SOC teams and help the organization by reducing overall cyber-risk exposure levels.
A defensive use for cybersecurity from ChatGPT
This allows defenders to speed up and automate the incident response process
Defense
We believe that this work will contribute to the growing knowledge of GenAI from a cybersecurity perspective, helping the stakeholders better understand the risk, develop an effective defense, and support a secured digital environment.
This is the bias of the authors for this particular subject
These tools leverage the information from LLMs trained on the massive amount of cyber threat intelligence data that includes vulnerabilities, attack patterns, and indications of attack.
Tools that can be used to understand vulnerabilities,attack patterns to prevent cyber attacks
defense techniques and uses GenAI tools to improve security measures, including cyber defense automation, reporting, threat intelligence, secure code generation and detection, attack identification, developing ethical guidelines, incidence response plans, and malware detection.
Perspective of the defense side of GenAI
Haute Juridiction exige désormais qu’une personne poursuivie auplan disciplinaire ou faisant l’objet d’une mesure individuelle défavorable ait accès à tous les éléments qui ontconduit à la mettre en cause, y compris les parties du rapport concernant d’autres personnes, afin de ne paspréjudicier aux droits de la défense.
Coping is defined as the thoughts and behaviors mobilized to manage internal and external stressful situations.[1] It is a term used distinctively for conscious and voluntary mobilization of acts, different from 'defense mechanisms' that are subconscious or unconscious adaptive responses, both of which aim to reduce or tolerate stress.[2]
coping - conscious and voluntary defense - subconscious or unconscious adaptive
In zwei US-Bundesstaaten haben NGOs verhindert, das Kohlekraftwerksbetreiber ihre Verluste auf ihre Kundinnen abwälzen. Die Argumentation, es stünden billigere erneuerbare Energiequellen zur Verfügung, wurde von dem Regulatoren akzeptiert. Kohlekraftwerke sind für mehr als 50% der energiebedingten Emissionen der USA verantwortlich, produzieren aber nur 20% des Stroms. Die Abwälzung ihrer Mehrkosten auf Kunden erschwert die Durchsetzung von Windenergie am Markt.. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/31/climate/electricity-from-coal-is-pricey-should-consumers-have-to-pay.html
Als erstes südasiatisches Land hat Indien nach der extremen Hitzewelle in Ahmadabad 2010 ein Hitzeaktionsplan entwickelt. Obwohl Prognosen zufolge fast 150 Millionen Inder:innen um 2050 in Gebieten mit extremem Hitzerisiko leben werden, spielen globale Erhitzung und Anpassung an die Hitze im aktuellen Wahlkampf keine wichtige Rolle. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/05/21/climate/india-extreme-heat.html
Im südlichen Teil Brasiliens fvel in diesem Frühjahr in 10 Tagen so viel Regen wie sonst in einem ganzen Jahr. Es handelt sich um die größte klimabedingte Katastrophe im Bundesstaat Rio Grande del Sol der bereits im vergangenen Jahr von zwei großen Überschwemmungen betroffen war. Die extremen Regenfälle, die es so früher in dieser Region nicht gab, werden von Forschenden auf die globale Erhitzung und mit ihr verbundene Klimaphänomene zurückgeführt. Ausführlicher hintergrundartikel im Guardian der sich auf eine Reihe von Studien und Interviews mit Forschenden bezieht. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/article/2024/may/10/brazil-is-reeling-from-catastrophic-floods-what-went-wrong-and-what-does-the-future-hold
Ausführlicher Bericht über die Konflikte um das neue LNG-Terminal CP2 an der Küste von Louisiana. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/12/26/climate/cp2-natural-gas-export-louisiana.html
Die rohölproduktion in den USA wird in diesem Jahr ein Rekord-Hoch erreichen Etwa 25% der US-Emissionen werden durch Öl und Gas verursacht, das auf Bundesterritorien gefördert wird. Die New York Times zeigt ausgehend von einem Beispiel im Golf von Mexiko, warum es angesichts der Mehrheitsverhältnisse in Repräsentantenhaus und Senat und des konservativen obersten Gerichtshofs für die für die Biden-Administration extrem schwierig ist, die Zusage, dort keine weiteren Bohrungen zuzulassen, umzusetzen.
https://www.nytimes.com/2023/09/28/climate/biden-drilling-leases.html
An der mexikanischen Westküste entsteht mit "Costa Azul" für 2 Milliarden Dollar das erste Terminal für den Export von texanischem Gas nach Asien. Es signalisiert eine weitreichende und für die Dekarbonisierung möglicherweise katastrophale Verschiebung im Gasgeschäft. Die USA könnten zunehmend auch zum Lieferanten für Asien werden. Ob weitere Terminals errichtet werden, hängt von der Klimapolitik der US-Regierung ab, die gerade ein Moratorium für LNG-Terminals ausgerufen hat. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/13/climate/mexico-natural-gas-biden.html
Vor der Apec-Konferenz haben China und die USA "statements of cooperation" veröffentlicht, die als positive Signale für eine Zusammenarbeit beim Klimaschutz gewertet werden, auch wenn China nicht auf Investitionen in Kohlekraftwerke verzichtet. Beide Seiten wollen die Kapazität bei Erneuerbaren bis 2030 global verdreifachen. Erstmals ist China bereits, Reduktionsziele für alle Treibhausgase festzulegen. https://www.nytimes.com/2023/11/14/climate/us-china-climate-agreement.html
Sunnylands Statement on Enhancing Cooperation to Address the Climate Crisis: https://www.state.gov/sunnylands-statement-on-enhancing-cooperation-to-address-the-climate-crisis/
https://archive.org/details/pentagonpapersde00beac/page/n1/mode/2up
Daniel Ellsberg's personal copy of the Pentagon Papers with handwritten annotations.
Full Daniel Ellsberg collection of scanned documents from his home: https://archive.org/details/danielellsberg?tab=collection
Informationsreicher Artikel des Guardian über eine neue Anlage von #ExxonMobil zum chemischen Recycling von Plastik im texanischen Baytown-Komplex. Viele Basis-Informationen zu dieser umweltschädlichen Technik und ihrer Verwendung durch die Ölindustrie, um von der wachsenden Produktion von Single Use-Plastik abzulenken. Anlagen zum chemischen Recycling werden vor allem in räumlicher Nähe von Communities, die bereits extrem und der Verschmutzung durch Plastik und Abgase leiden Chemisches Recycling gehört auch zu den Geschäftsfeldern der #OMV-Tochter #Borealis. https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2023/apr/10/exxon-advanced-recycling-plastic-environment
Based on yesterday's discussion at Dan Allosso's Book Club, we don't include defense spending into the consumer price index for calculating inflation or other market indicators. What other things (communal goods) aren't included into these measures, but which potentially should be to take into account the balance of governmental spending versus individual spending. It seems unfair that individual sectors, particularly those like defense contracting which are capitalistic in nature, but which are living on governmental rent extraction, should be free from the vagaries of inflation?
Throwing them into the basket may create broader stability for the broader system and act as a brake via feedback mechanisms which would push those corporations to work for the broader economic good, particularly when they're taking such a large piece of the overall pie.
Similarly how might we adjust corporate tax rates with respect to the level of inflation to prevent corporate price gouging during times of inflation which seems to be seen in the current 2023 economic climate. Workers have seen some small gains in salary since the pandemic, but inflationary pressures have dramatically eaten into these taking the gains and then some back into corporate coffers. The FED can increase interest rates to effect some change, but this doesn't change corporate price gouging in any way, tax or other policies will be necessary to do this.
The paradox of information systems[edit] Drummond suggests in her paper in 2008 that computer-based information systems can undermine or even destroy the organisation that they were meant to support, and it is precisely what makes them useful that makes them destructive – a phenomenon encapsulated by the Icarus Paradox.[9] For examples, a defence communication system is designed to improve efficiency by eliminating the need for meetings between military commanders who can now simply use the system to brief one another or answer to a higher authority. However, this new system becomes destructive precisely because the commanders no longer need to meet face-to-face, which consequently weakened mutual trust, thus undermining the organisation.[10] Ultimately, computer-based systems are reliable and efficient only to a point. For more complex tasks, it is recommended for organisations to focus on developing their workforce. A reason for the paradox is that rationality assumes that more is better, but intensification may be counter-productive.[11]
From Wikipedia page on Icarus Paradox. Example of architectural design/technical debt leading to an "interest rate" that eventually collapsed the organization. How can one "pay down the principle" and not just the "compound interest"? What does that look like for this scenario? More invest in workforce retraining?
Humans are complex, adaptive systems. Machines have a long history of being complicated, efficient (but not robust) systems. Is there a way to bridge this gap? What does an antifragile system of machines look like? Supervised learning? How do we ensure we don't fall prey to the oracle problem?
Baskerville, R.L.; Land, F. (2004). "Socially Self-destructing Systems". The Social Study of Information and Communication Technology: Innovation, actors, contexts. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 263–285
Ball, P. (2022, February 26). Will we get a single, variant-proof vaccine for Covid? The Observer. https://www.theguardian.com/society/2022/feb/26/will-we-get-a-single-variant-proof-vaccine-for-covid
Gallagher, J. (2021, November 14). Covid vaccine ‘waning immunity’: How worried should I be? BBC News. https://www.bbc.com/news/health-59260294
In 1968, he resigned as Secretary of Defense to become President of the World Bank.
Similarly Paul Wolfowitz was U.S. Deputy Secretary of Defense running the U.S. war in Iraq before leaving to become the 10th President of the World Bank.
McNamara was the 5th President of the World Bank.
he and others managed to escape after he threw a chair at the hostage-taker
If only there were a way to hurl objects at an attacker very quickly and accurately in Texas. Perhaps one could carry multiple such objects in case the first few missed.
Coevolutionary arms race versus host defense chase in a tropical herbivore–plant system
The Uncomfortable Truth is the Difficult and Unpopular Decisions are Now Unavoidable.
Topic is relevant across a span of global issues. Natural resources are Finite.....period! Timely decisions are critical to insure intelligent use of resources. DENIAL is the enemy and 800lb gorilla in the room. Neoliberisim and social dysfunction feed on any cognitive dissonance and poop it out as "crap". True believers of American Capitalism (yes there is a difference) have become "cult-like" and drink the fluid of the cult to the very end, human consequence is of no concern.
Point being: Reality is always elusive within a cult controlled (authoritative) mindset. Cult members are weak sheep, incapable of individual logic/reason. Authority can not be challenged. -- Denial, a human defense mechanism has been and is the common denominator in all personal and global conflict. Denial can be traced throughout modern history and rears its ugly head whenever the stakes are high.
Seitz, B. M., Aktipis, A., Buss, D. M., Alcock, J., Bloom, P., Gelfand, M., Harris, S., Lieberman, D., Horowitz, B. N., Pinker, S., Wilson, D. S., & Haselton, M. G. (2020). The pandemic exposes human nature: 10 evolutionary insights. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 117(45), 27767–27776. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2009787117
Schindler, S., Reinhardt, N., & Reinhard, M.-A. (2020). Defending one’s worldviews under mortality salience – Testing the validity of an established idea. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/7bxcs
You would normally combine these two techniques to provide in-depth defense to your application.
This wasn’t expected, but also shouldn’t be a huge shock. Despite the US hyping Russia as a threat for decades, Russia hasn’t spent deeply on its military in years, and drawing down from Syria, they don’t have much costly overseas engagement.
To contextualize, you can still spend a hell of a lot on development, but if you don't have costly mobilizations it can make it look like you aren't spending as much as others; in fact, you are arguably making 'smarter' investments?
of eloquence
I'm picking up some serious Strong Defense vibes from this. The study of eloquence builds a community, a world.
I'm in.
owerful instrument of error and deceit,
Weak defense much?
yet the complex collective idea which every one thinks on or intends by that name, is apparently very different in men using the same language.
This sounds like Lanham's strong defense of rhetoric, the idea that meaning is communally negotiated and anchored to socio/political/cultural contexts. Although here Locke is not happy about that.
StrongDefenseofrhetoricposthumousl
Lanham says, "The Strong Defense assumes that truth is determined by social dramas, some more formal than others but all man-made. Rhetoric in such a world is not ornamental but determinative, essentially creative" (156). If that defense is not just restricted to "man-made" social dramas but cultural dramas, to dramas rooted in a particular historical and cultural context (joining Rickert's sense of rhetorics), then it can also be opened up to material forces beyond the human.
Semantic contentfulness is not achieved through the thoughtsor performances of individual agents but rather through particular dis-cursive practice
Is this the Strong Defense of rhetoric again? Meaning arrived at not through empiricism but a communal negotiation?
determinative, essentially creative
There's a weird tension here for me between the idea of rhetoric as "determinative, essentially creative." I'm perhaps inserting a reading that focuses too much on the similar-but-different word "determinate" rather than "determinative." I don't object to the creative aspect, but identifying something as "determinative" seems to suggest a kind of rigidity antithetical to the fluid, contextual nature of rhetoric that Lanham outlines. I might just be spitting hairs here, but it struck me as odd.
But she seemed like a different person on other online accounts.
full-time wife and mom on Facebook but lived another life on other social media platforms. With a resemblance to Marilyn Monroe, she called herself an exhibitionist and posted risque photos with a chance for subscribers to see sexier images for $15.99 a month.
This is not relevant to the successful prosecution of this woman's murderer. Pro-defense effect. Casts the victim in a sketchy light so as to evoke emotion from the jury pool. Attempting to separate the victim from possible jury pool (i.e., harder for jurors to imagine themselves the victim).
The good kind is used in good causes, the bad kind in bad causes. Our kind is the good kind; the bad kind is used by our opponents
It may ignore rhetoric, but it does have its advantages. Factors like your audience, topic, or motive all play role in your usage of the strong or weak defense. And, we've all seen the weak defense beat the strong defense several times this past year.
who expected rhetoric to act on the imagination to se-cure the triumph of reason.
Weak defense.
Truth, it was held, presided over a dialectical discussion, and the in-terlocutors had to reach agreement about it by themselves, whereas rhetoric taught only how to present a point of view-that is to say, a partial aspect of the question-and the decision of the issue was left up to a third person
Weak defense.
We have not here in view the more familiar ways in which words may be used to deceive. In a later chapter, when the function of language as an instrument for the promotion of purposes rather than as a means of !iymbolizing references is fully discussed, we shall see how the intention of the speaker may complicate the situation.
It seems as though this reading vacillates between weak defense and strong defense more than others.
as a solution to problems raised by traditional theo-ries of language and meaning.
So wouldn't presenting rhetoric as a solution be a version of the weak defense for other disciplines?
Th~ wi~l, \o ppwer is a motivat-ing force, not good or bad in itself.
The strong defense of the will to power.
i11.\'tru111e111al arts; and, as such, applicat,/e
The language of instrumental and applicable certainly suggests a weak defense at work here.
Our eyes and hands and feet will give us the ~~'.r , same assistance in doing mischief as in doing ~. good; but it would not therefore be better for the "'""- world that all mankind were blind and lame
A pretty powerful articulation of the weak defense,
Hence it hath become a common topic with rhetoricians, that, in order to be a successful orator, one must be a good ~ . man; for to be good is the only sure way of ci..~ being long esteemed good, and to be esteemed ~ good is previously necessary 10 one's being 6 .... •~ heard with due allention and regard.
Ah, yes, the weak defense.
hetoric and criticism have some-times been so managed as to tend to the corrup-tion, rather than to the improvement, of good taste and true eloquence. But sure it is equally possible to apply the principles of reason and good sense to this art, as to any other that is culti-vated among men.
I might be wrong, but... Weak Defense?
First, to make known one man's (r thoughts or ideas to another; Secondly, to do it with as much ease and quickness as possible; and, Thirdly, thereby to convey the knowledge of things: language is either abused or deficient, when it fails of any of these three.
Another weak defense of language.
First, One for the recording of our own thoughts. Secondly, The other for the communicating of our thoughts to others
A weak defense of words?
Tolookatlanguageself-consciouslyistoplaygameswithit;tolookthroughlanguageunselfconsciouslyistoactpurposivelywithit
To oscillate between the weak and strong defenses.
HisstateddefenseistheWeakone:"Rhetoricismerelyatool,nobadthinginitself.Orrather,itistheboxoftoolsforper-suasiontakentogether,availableforpersuadersgoodandbad"
A useful articulation of the Weak Defense.
"Virtuosityissomeevidenceofvirtue"(71)
This phrase is certainly a challenge. And of course there are etymological links between virtue and *virtuosity".
theinterfacebetweenabsoluteandcontingentstatements
This is a very helpful way to understand the relationship between the Weak and the Strong defenses. That is, what the Weak Defense will treat as an absolute, the Strong Defense will treat as contingent.
endangeringpossibilities
These "endangering possibilities" are the focus of much of the Enlightenment thinkers we will shortly engage.
Insofar as the individual wants to maintain himself against other individuals, he will under natural circumstances employ the intellect mainly for dissimulation.
Seeing the world as a hostile place, we defend with our power to deceive. Competition and survival based in theories of scarcity.
As a means for the preserving of the individual, the intellect unfolds its principle powers in dissimulation, which is the means by which weaker, less robust individuals preserve themselves-since they have been denied the chance to wage the battle for existence with horns or with the sharp teeth of beasts of prey, This art of dissimulation reaches its peak in man.
The sword of intellect and dissimulation equated to the physical defensive characteristics of all living things for preservation, yet with the unique capacity to be misused. Highlighting the vulnerability of humans and over-reaching amplification of intellect to disguise a deep insecurity that originates in the fundamental physical inferiority of humans among beasts.
I beg you, then, neither to credit nor to discredit what has been said to you until you have heard to the end what I also have to say, bearing it in mind that there would have been no need of granting to the accused the right of making a defense, had it been possible to reach a just verdict from the arguments of the accuser.
Postpone judgment, allow me the space to discuss, no matter what. How closely does this defense align with what we might think of as education?