2,124 Matching Annotations
  1. Oct 2026
    1. PMID: 7977367

      KindredID: 17

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: Unknown

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This is a family belonging to prefigure No. 17. They are described as ‘VHL-affected’.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: RCC-affected; other manifestations are possible but not clear.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.76delF (c.227_229delTTC)

      LegacyVariant: p.147delF (c.437_439del3)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: c.224_226 automaps to NM_000551.3:c.227_229delTCT (updated; verified)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. R167Q aminoacidic change (the somatic c.500 G > A substitution is marked by a black arrow).

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 40Y0M, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880, HP:0006770, HP:0006748, HP:0001737, HP:0000107, HP:0009713 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Clear cell renal cell carcinoma, Adrenal pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cyst, Spinal hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient was found to have two extraneuraxial hemangioblastomas, the locations of these tumors included intra/paraspinal (extradural) and the nerve roots. Her past medical history included  cerebellar hemangioblastomas, clear cell renal cell carcinoma, an adrenal pheochromocytoma, and cysts in both the   kidney and  pancreas. Clinical symptoms and imaging features include Radicular lumbarpain, lowerlimb paresthesia &weakness/CT, MRI: contrastenhancing masses &erosion of lumbarspine & sacrum.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Normal kidney.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplemental Digital Content 1. Primer Sequences for VHL gene amplification, LOH and methylation analysis.

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: CA020454 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.500G%3EA

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A) and I151N (c.452T>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c. 452T>A (p.Ile151Asn)

    1. 4335Fnt 454 C to T, Pro to SerP, 45959nt 775 C to G, Leu to Val

      PatientID: 43

      KindredID: 5959

      Case: F, 35Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumour)

      CaseHPOFreeText: She presented with four pathologic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L188V (c.562C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L188V (c.775C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2225 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2225/

      CAID: CA020488 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.562C%3EG

      gnomAD: 0.00002121 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191569-C-G

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L188V (c.562C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.241C>T (p.Prp81Ser)

    2. nt 695 G to A, Arg to Gln

      PatientID: 28

      KindredID: 6014

      Case: F, 43Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumour)

      CaseHPOFreeText: She presented with one radiologic pancreatic endocrine tumour.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161Q (c.482G>A)

      LegacyVariant: p.R161Q (c.695G>A)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar:182983 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182983/

      CAID: CA020413 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.482G%3EA

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R161Q (c.482G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The missense mutation p.Arg167Gln in VHL exon 3 was detected in an index female (patient #2) and her mother

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 2

      Case: F, Age unknown, Bulgarian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient has a daughter (PatientID: 1) with bilateral pheo and retinal hemangioma as well.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: bilateral pheochromocytoma

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Meanwhile, it was also found that the guanine replaced the 559th cytosine on one patient and two carriers from the third family, which made the 116th leucine replaced by valine.

      PatientID: III-7

      KindredID: 3

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The transition mutation was found and confirmed in this patient’s mother (II-3) and 2 carriers, her, and her first-cousin once removed (III-7, IV-2). 5 additional members had hemangioblastomas of the CNS, but had all passed away before genetic testing. Could be assumed and deduced the genetics due to pedigree showing future linear relations of this mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Stated as carrier, however she is young (likely before the age of onset)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L116V (c.346C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.L116V (c.559C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753642 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.346C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: L116V (c.346C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None (Maternal Aunt)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 30Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Look to proband for more information on family history.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0009711 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Cerebellar/cerebral trunk hemangioblastoma. Multiple retinal hemangioblastomas.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 25494863

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.G114R (c.340G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223193, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223193/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD:

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: G114R (c.340G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. We report the case of a 15-year-old boy with the diagnosis of aggressive GH-PRL pituitary macroadenoma and a family history of VHL disease. Pituitary resection was performed, although complete excision of the lesion could not be confirmed by the neurosurgeon. A control MRI was done 6 months after surgery and the pituitary lesion was similar to the presurgical image. A second operation allowed partial resection of the tumour followed by targeted radiotherapy.

      PatientID: None (Proband)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 18Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The family history revealed VHL in his mother, who died at the age of 40, and in his maternal aunt and grandmother, deceased at 30 and 33 years, respectively. His mother was operated on three times for cerebellar hemangioblastomas, the first at 13 years of age. She had also been treated for bilateral retinal hemangioblastomas since the age of 19. In addition, she had surgery for a renal tumor at the age of 32 and also had pancreatic cysts. She died of the diffuse hemangioblastomas in the posterior fossa. Variant is stated to be previously identified in the family but it is not clear which members have been genetically tested.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0002893; HP:0007663; HP:0001510; HP:0000823; HP:0009711 (Cerebellar hemangioblastoma, Pituitary adenoma, Reduced visual acuity, Growth delay, Delayed puberty, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Referred at the age of 15 for decreased visual acuity of the right eye. Growth failure with short stature for age and lack of pubertal development was noted. This was confirmed by ophthal-mologic examination which also showed bitemporal quadranopsia. Two retinal vascular lesions had already been diagnosed and photocoagulated. Cerebral MRI examination visualized a voluminous pituitary adenoma (confirmed pathologically) with suprasellar extension compressing the optic fibres invading both cavernous sinuses. It also confirmed two small cerebellar hemangioblastomas. On follow-up, MRI showed a persistent pituitary adenoma (confirmed by pathology) with numerous mitoses. A cystic part of the main hemangioblastoma was also noted in the right cerebellum image.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No renal lesion was found on ultrasound examination. Renal ultrasound examination was persistently normal.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 25494863

      SupplementalData: Figure 1

      Variant: p.G114R (c.340G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223193, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223193/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD:

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: G114R (c.340G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 14F/11ASB/L PCC+sPGLVHL3c.500G>Ap.(Arg167Gln)Substitution (missense)Disease causingProbably damaging score 1.000DamagingNRNR

      PatientID: 14

      KindredID: 14

      Case: F, 11Y0M, Asian Indian

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: None - Apparently sporadic

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (pheochromocytoma, paraganglioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bilateral pheochromocytoma and sympathetic PGL

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/ SDHB/ SDHD/ NF1

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. three familial cases

      PatientID: 5

      KindredID: C

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Japanese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: This mutation was found in a family of 10 individuals; six were found to carry the mutation NM_000551.3:c.464-1G>T the patient carried, and three presented with symptoms. They were identified with hemangioblastomas of the central nervous system and retinal angiomas. The eldest patient also had renal cell carcinoma (patient C-1).

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The paper states that this patient was not yet symptomatic, suggesting they may be too young to show symptoms yet.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: (c.464-1G>T)

      LegacyVariant: (c.677-1G>T)

      ClinVarID: 223221, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223221

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: SpliceSite(c.464-1G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. IV - 10

      PatientID: IV:10

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 28Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: A 5-generation family with VHL in 15 members. Both second generation children (presumed), 5 third generation, and 8 further generation individuals were affected and haplotyping was conducted using three polymorphic microsatellite markers. All of the 5th generation children (9 total at time of publication) had been sequenced and haplotyped as unaffected.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006880; HP:0000107 (cerebellar hemangioblastoma, renal cysts)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had cerebellar HB; renal cysts. Age of onset was 23Y, and surgery (operation) was 28Y

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405; HP:0001737; HP:0002668 (pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumor, pancreatic cysts, paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: genotyped three polymorphic microsatellite markers that flanked VHL on chromosome 3p25 (D3S3691, D3S1597 and D3S1263). 

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientsThe Chinese family study included five-generations comprising of 38 living family members, of whom nine were affected [Figure 1]. All living members were examined clinically. The clinical and radiographic images were published with the consent of the patient. The study was approved by the research Ethics Committees of Xi’an Jiaotong University School of Medicine. Written informed consents were obtained from all participants.Open in a separate windowFigure 1Haplotypes of the Chinese family affected by Von Hippel-Lindau (VHL). The open and filled blackened symbols indicated unaffected and affected individuals, respectively. The squares and circles symbolized the males and females, respectively. The proband, IV-3, was indicated by an arrow. The haplotyping was conducted using three polymorphic microsatellite markers. The marker order was determined from the Marshfield map and the UCSC Human Genome database (February 2009). The dark boxes symbolized haplotypes that cosegregated with the affected individuals and suggested linkage of VHL to disease in this family. The boxes with slash symbolized the dead family members.

      PatientID: III:10

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown (deceased), Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: A 5-generation family with VHL in 15 members. Both second generation children (presumed), 5 third generation, and 8 further generation individuals were affected and haplotyping was conducted using three polymorphic microsatellite markers. All of the 5th generation children (9 total at time of publication) had been sequenced and haplotyped as unaffected.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: unknown phenotype, however they were said to be affected

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: Death before genetic diagnostic, however presumed by authors due to extensive family history (See pedigree).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2 France c.486C>G p.Cys162Trp

      GroupID: 26

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 2 registrants from France were grouped in this study via the mutation of c.486C>G

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C162W (c.486C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223227 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223227/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: C162W (c.486C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. 2 France c.583C>T p.Gln195*

      GroupID: 35

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Two registrants from France both have the same mutation of c.583C>T.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q195* (c.583C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 428794 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/428794/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Q195* (c.583C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. 3 France c.481C>T p.Arg161* Argentina

      GroupID: 24

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Three registrants from either France or Argentina have the same mutation of c.481C>T.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0030393 (Endolymphatic sac tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 1 (Proband)

      KindredID: 17

      Case: F, 3Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: 6 members of this family tested positive for the c.496_506del germline variant of the VHL gene. ID 4 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma, retinal angioma and renal and pancreatic abnormalities. ID 25 and 8 were asymptomatic.ID 22 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma. ID 5 presented with retinal angioma. 2 members were assumed to have the variant but were not genetically confirmed (ID 20 and ID 11). ID 11 and 20 presented with CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0010797; HP:0000077; HP:0001732; HP:0009711 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma, Abnormality of the kidney, Abnormality of the pancreas, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.V166Sfs*4 (c.496_506del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223229, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223229/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: It is unclear from the publication if this variant is reported according to legacy (AF010238.1) or NM_000551.3 reference sequence. Clinical notes from the case confirm the reference sequence to be NM_000551.3.

      MutationType: deletion; minus_2_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: V166SFS*4 (c.496_506del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A149S (34) 4 

      GroupID: None

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales:N/A

      GroupNumberFemales:N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: ≥12

      GroupInfo: The four patients were grouped by mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0001732 (abnormality of the pancreas)

      GroupHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupNotHPOs:N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.A149S (c.445G>T)

      LegacyVariant:N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID:127829 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/127829/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: A149S (c.445G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 11BMS

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Bristol Myers Squibb database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 11BMS. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without pheochromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.T152Hfs*22 (c.452_453insA)

      LegacyVariant: FS (c.665insA)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573131771 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.452_453insA

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This paper declares this variant is predicted to compromise the Elongin-binding site by truncating the protein.

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: T152fs (c.452_453insA)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. Germline mutations were identified in 300/469 (63%) of the families tested; 137 distinct intragenic germline mutations were detected.

      GroupID/ KindredID: 53CE

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: N/A

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: This germline familial VHL mutation was taken from the Munich, university of Freiburg and Institute of Pathology database, with an unknown number of members belonging to Family ID 53CE. Table 3 lists all ID and mutations associated with individuals possessing renal carcinoma, without phechromocytoma.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005548 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Described as a VHL family with RCC, without pheochromocytoma. Other phenotypes are likely, however not detailed in this publication

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V74G (c.221T>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.V74G (c.434T>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA70042528 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.221T>G

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V74G (c.221T>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 16 different families

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 5

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s father is presented with renal cell carcinoma, renal cysts, adrenal pheochromocytoma, spinal hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cysts, endolymphatic sac tumor and salivary gland neoplasm at age 19Y0M. This patient is 1 of 3 carrier children of this mutation, without any further phenotypic information.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G93R (c.277G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223174, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223174

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant, transversion

      CivicName: G93R (c.277G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. In 1996, we described a 3 generation VHL 2A kindred with 11 mutation carriers. We aim to share our experience regarding the long-term follow-up of this family

      PatientID: 19

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 17Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: This patient was a member of family 1, where 14/32 total patients were diagnosed with VHL. One of which (I-32) was a mutational carrier with down syndrome. The other 13 patients had varying phenotypes, including adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumors, liver and bone metastases, paraganglioma, cerebellar, spinal, and retinal hemangioblastomas, polycythemia, and chondrosarcoma. See Fig. 1 for family pedigree.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748; HP:0030405 (adrenal pheochromocytoma; pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient presented with his initial VHL-related clinical manifestations at 17Y0M. She had adrenal pheochromocytoma and pancreatic endocrine tumor. She was diagnosed with VHL subtype 2A at age 18Y0M (see table 1).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002668 (paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: Patient does not have paraganglioma.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 8550742

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.V166F (c.496G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2224, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2224/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: V166F (c.496G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: VII-2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Phenotype noted as: Pheo/PGL (unclear which of the two or if both apply to this patient).

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: VI-6

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL (Asymptomatic)

      FamilyInfo: Family’s roots were traced to the German town of Leipzig in Saxony, from whence the original 11 siblings had immigrated to America around 1670. The following report is a 2011 updated pedigree on the previously reported Tisherman kindred. At the time of this study, 43/49 patients have undergone mutational analysis revealing the VHL familial mutation (Y112H) and 35/49 patients have clinical VHL manifestations. Phenotypic cumulative lifetime risk was 71% for Pheo/PGL, 15% for hemangioblastoma, 33% for retinal angioma, 3% for renal cell carcinoma, and 3% for pancreatic cysts. 6 members of the family (all deceased; 4 males, 2 females) had suspected VHL and 2 (males) of these were suspected to have had Pheo/PGL.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0002668 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Paraganglioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 9201016; 8239848 (no genetic information; only phenotypes)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y112H (c.334T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2222, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2222/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y112H (c.334T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2/M 10 Yes 63 271 Hypersensitive NI 376G>T/wt 

      PatientID: 2

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 10Y0M, Ukrainian

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: His sister (patient 1) also had polycythemia and was heterozygeous for the mutation. Mutation inherited from father. The father was not polycythemic, but his BFU-Es were hypersensitive to Epo.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001901 (polycythemia)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had a hematocrit of 63%, erythropoietin level of 271 mIU/mL, and had hypersensitivity of erythroid progenitors to Epo.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: No tumor masses were detected by repeated CT scans of his abdomen or chest and by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the head.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D126Y(c.376G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2230 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2230/

      CAID: CA020319 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.376G%3ET

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Patient was heterozygous for the mutation.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: D126Y(c.376G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. F119 18 F left 3 23  2 VHL R64P VHL

      PatientID: F119

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 20Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a pheochromocytoma in the left adrenal gland. It was measured to be 3 cm in size and 23 grams in weight.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/SDHB/SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R64P(c.191G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2226 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2226/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: R64P(c.191G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 10

      KindredID: 10

      Case: M, 26Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713 (spinal hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a spinal hemangioblastoma at the C4/C5 boundary. The patient showed an high-normal Hb values (18.6) which fits the polyglobulia disease criteria. After the spinal hemangioblastoma was removed, the Hb normalized.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S65W(c.194C>G)

      LegacyVariant: p.S65W(c.407C>G)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 43597 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/43597/

      CAID: CA020099 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.194C%3EG

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName:S65W(c.194C>G)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 124

      KindredID: 44

      Case: M, Age 24Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 18, renal cell carcinoma and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 24.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in an earlier paper by Wang et al., 2014 (PMID: 24581539) and a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.W117S (c.350G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753671; https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.350G%3EC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: W117S (c.350G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: 194

      KindredID: 74

      Case: F, 36Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband, patient 193, has a mother (patient 194) who was also found to have the same germline mutation. The proband had a CNS hemangioblastoma at age 16.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with a pheochromocytoma at age 36.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0010797 (Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, CNS hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. PatientID: 146

      KindredID: 52

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The proband (patient 138) had multiple family members affected with the mutation. Their daughter (pt 139) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their son (pt 140) was also asymptomatic at the time of assessment; their mother (pt 141) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 66, renal cell carcinoma at 69, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 66; their sister 1 (pt 142) presented with a CNS hemangioblastoma at 32, renal cell carcinoma at 36, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors at 36; the son of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the daughter of sister 1 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis; the proband's sister 2 presented at age 39 with CNS hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors; and the son of sister 2 was asymptomatic at the time of analysis. All members of this family were genetically confirmed to have this mutation.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband's nephew (son of sister 2) was asymptomatic at the time of assessment.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: c.464-1G>C

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223220; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223220/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.464-1G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 184

      KindredID: 71

      Case: M, Age 27Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: The proband's mother (patient 185) was confirmed with the mutation but was asymptomatic at the time of testing. The proband (patient 184) presented with renal cell carcinoma at 27, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors and a pheochromocytoma at age 24.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584, HP:0002666, HP:0001737, HP:0001732 (Renal cell carcinoma, Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband presented with renal cell carcinoma at 27, and multiple pancreatic cysts/tumors and a pheochromocytoma at age 24.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (Hemangioblastoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in an earlier paper by Wang et al., 2014 (PMID 24581539) as well as a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954; https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    5. PatientID: 26

      KindredID: 8

      Case: M, 66Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001737; HP:0001732; HP:0005584; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Pancreatic cysts, Abnormality of the pancreas, Renal cell carcinoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The proband, patient 26, presented with CNS hemangioblastoma at age 66, retinal angioma at age 66, renal cell carcinoma at age 37, and pancreatic cysts/ tumors at age 54.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: This patient was also published in a later paper by Wang et al., 2018 (PMID: 29330336), and was likely previously published in Wang et al 2014 (24581539).

      SupplementalData: Patient and family genotype-phenotype information is listed in Supplementary Table 1.

      Variant: p.Q73* (c.217C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223164; https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223164/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Q73* (c.217C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    Tags

    Annotators

    URL

    1. VHL kindreds for germline mutations and calculated the age related tumour risks for different classes of VHL gene mutations.

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 134

      Case: Age, sex ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: unknown; paper focused only on pheochromocytoma

      FamilyInfo: No specific family info was present; although this was recorded as a family germline mutation belonging to Family ID 134

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Unknown

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 32179488, 17024664

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229delTCT)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.F76del (c.440delTCT)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229delTTC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. V#1exon 3c.500G > Ap.R167QCNS-HB, renal carcinoma

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma; Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Yes

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: Confocal staining shows the distribution of pVHL in the cell cytoplasm.

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. VHL-19c.500G > Ap.Arg167Gln[2]noA2MultipleBilateral––––

      PatientID: VHL-19

      KindredID: 19

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Italian

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CohortInfo: Forty-three index cases were referred to the Service of Medical Genetics, Genova, for germline mutation analysis in the VHL gene between 1995 and 2008.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584 (hemangioblastoma, renal cell carcinoma )

      CaseHPOFreeText: Multiple hemangioblastoma of the CNS and spinal cord. Bilateral renal cell carcinoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0001737, HP:0002666, HP:0009711 (pancreatic cysts, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence:N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500 G >A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. F4, II.1c.598C>T/c.340+694_711dupVHL p.Arg200Trp/X1 p.Trp159X?1990/7 yM20.6648.2549.9Erythrocytosis, deep vein thrombosis, intracerebral hemorrhageFV Leiden

      PatientID: II.1

      KindredID: F4

      Case: M, 7Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Polycythemia

      FamilyInfo: Variant c.340+694_340+711dup is inherited from mother (genetically confirmed) and variant R200W (c.598C>T) is assumed to be inherited from father.

      CohortInfo: Patients with Chuvash polycythemia for whom VHL R200W had been found in a heterozygous state.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0001901; HP:0002625; HP:0001342 (Polycythemia, Deep venous thrombosis, Cerebral hemorrhage)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with erythrocytosis (Polycythemia), deep vein thrombosis, intracerebral hemorrhage at age 7 (DOB: 1990).

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R200W (c.598C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2232, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2232/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.0002016, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191605-C-T

      VariantEvidence: Variants are heterozygous.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R200W (c.598C>T) and c.340+694_340+711dup

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, VHL, c.340+694_340+711dup

      MultipleGeneVariants: Germline, Factor V Leiden

    1. GroupID: 44

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 5

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 5 members of this family were found to have the germline c.226_228del variant of the VHL gene. Member 4975 presented with moderate renal disease (RCC), members 4978, 4977 and 4976 presented with mild renal disease and member 5283 had unknown renal involvement. Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009726; HP:0005584 (Renal neoplasm, Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Mild renal disease (simple renal cyst, multicystic kidney[s], small lesion [less than 10 mm in size] of unknown significance, or small solid tumor without indication for surgical removal [less than 30 mm in size]). Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.F76del (c.226_228del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.226_228del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.226_228del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. GroupID: 411

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 3 members of this family were found to have the c.500G>A germline variant of the VHL gene. Member 9710 presented with mild renal disease (RCC) and members 13888 and 12271 had unknown renal involvement. Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Mild renal disease (simple renal cyst, multicystic kidney[s], small lesion [less than 10 mm in size] of unknown significance, or small solid tumor without indication for surgical removal [less than 30 mm in size]).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    3. GroupID: 313

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 3 members of this family were found to harbor the c.340+1_340+5delGTACG germline variant of the VHL gene. Members 7171 and 7170 had unknown renal involvement. Member 5545 presented with severe renal disease (RCC). Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral).

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Paper states that this family is previously reported in PMID 9829912, where 1 individual is reported to have the “IVS1+1del5” splice site variant which is assumed to correspond to a member of the current family.

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: c.340+2_340+6del

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357098, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.340%2B1_340%2B5del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Variant is reported as c.340+1_340+5del and was mapped to c.340+2_340+6del. Authors state that this mutation is predicted to disturb the splicing process.

      MutationType: splice_site_variant; deletion; minus_2_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: Splice Site (c.340+2_340+6del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    4. PatientID: 13773

      KindredID: 599

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Families were recruited from the French VHL Registry. Enrolment in the study required identification of the germline VHL mutation (currently 85% of the families included in the French VHL Registry) and available data regarding renal phenotype. A total of 126 families fulfilled these criteria.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Moderate renal disease (less than five solid lesions requiring surgical treatment, either unilateral or bilateral). Individual RCC phenotype is noted as positive.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Phenotype and genotype information can be found in Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: p.F76_C77del (c.226_231del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573130179, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA2573130179

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion; deletion

      CivicName: F76_C77del (c.226_231del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.236G>C, p.R79P

      PatientID: II-1

      KindredID: Family B

      Case: M, 23Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family positive pedigree showing patient’s father with RCC and CNS hemangioblastoma; as well as 2 sisters with CNS/spinal and retinal hemangioblastomas

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711 (hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: underwent surgery for multiple CNS hemangioblastomas at the age of 15, and at the same age multiple peripheral retinal hemangioblastomas were found in his right eye, which were treated successfully with laser photocoagulation and cryotherapy. At the age of 20, he developed a large peripheral retinal hemangioblastoma in his left eye, which was treated successfully with cryotherapy.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0002666 (renal cell carcinoma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R79P (c.236G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351749311 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.236G%3EC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: R79P (c.236G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 8

      KindredID: 8

      Case: M,35Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: Thirteen patients with a supratentorial hemangioblastoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a meckel cave hemangioblastoma at age 28. The patient had a papillary edema and pituitary stalk hemangioblastoma at age 34. The patient died of VHL disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 6 (tumour 8)

      KindredID: 7

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had one benign pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077, 9681856

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: p.Y98H (c.505T>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVar: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: CA020246 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.292T%3EC

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: Refer to Table 1 for LOH information.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Case reportA 19-year-old woman was referred to our psychiatric inpatient service in June 2017, with the suspicion of AN. At the time of hospital admission, the patient's weight was 28 kg, her height was 1.55 m and her body mass index (BMI) was 11.6 kg/m2. The patient had had no menstrual cycle for at least 1 year. Over the previous 2 years, her food intake had progressively diminished, without an immediately apparent cause. The patient was hungry but felt satiated after ingesting only a small amount of food, and had difficulty swallowing.

      PatientID: N/A (case)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 19Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Non-consanguineous parental relationship; second child; no mention of VHL in the family.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001713; HP:0002039; HP:0001824 (Hemangioblastoma; pancreatic cysts; anorexia; weight loss)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Healthy from birth, this patient was referred to a psychiatric inpatient at 19Y with the weight loss and weakness, and the suspicion on anorexia nervosa. AN was not met according to the DSM-5 or ICD-10 (despite anorexic tendencies). There were also no tendencies towards an eating disorder. Patient developed progressive gait abnormality, along with bilateral dysmetria. MRI revealed a massive lesion with vascular characteristics suggestive of a HB in the fourth ventricle causing hypertensive hydrocephalus. Abdominal CT scan revealed cystic lesions throughout the parenchymatous portion of the pancreas, suspected to be related to VHLs. Together, supported the diagnosis of VHL. The patient underwent surgery of the brain, and radiotherapy which proved to work in small degrees.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: All blood tests, urinalysis and chest X‑ray were unremarkable. She also had no pheochromocytoma.

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 11Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: Familial/syndromic (FS) association

      CasePresentingHPOs:HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma; retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Benign bilateral pheochromocytoma and retinal angioma at age 11

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: SDHB,SDHC, SDHD, and exons 10, 11, 13, 14, 15 and 16 of RET proto-oncogene

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 6103

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666; HP:0010797 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Pheochromocytoma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with CNS hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma, retinal angioma and VHL Type 2B.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167W (c.499C>T)

      LegacyVariant: c.712C>T

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2218, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2218/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000007954, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191506-C-T?dataset=gnomad_r2_1

      VariantEvidence: Variant reported as 712, C to T (Arg to Trp), assumed to be reported in legacy nomenclature (AF010238.1) and mapped to c.499C>T, p.Arg167Trp (NM_000551.3).

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: R167W (c.499C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 571delC Fs Exon 3 191 CAC H Stop201

      GroupID: 52

      Case: Age unknown, Sex unknown, French

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None - one member documented here

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: other manifestations are not clearly stated.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Possibly published in PMID:15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.H191Tfs*11 (c.571delC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA658795182 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.571delC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: H191FS (c.571delC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Proband's mother – 12

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 48Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: The patient’s aunt presented with Hodgkin’s lymphoma at 38Y and was deceased at 40Y. The patient’s father presented with liver cancer at 72Y and was deceased at 74Y. Additionally, the patient’s deceased grandfather had an unspecified cancer. The patient’s son presented with unilateral pheochromocytoma at 13Y. The patient’s daughter presented with pheochromocytoma at 12Y, and bilateral retinal hemangioblastoma, right adrenal pheochromocytoma, and islet cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the pancreas with nodal metastasis at 20Y, and was found to carry the mutation the patient carried.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711 (Pheochromocytoma, retinal hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient presented with bilateral pheochromocytoma at 12Y and retinal hemangioblastoma at 13Y.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.*214Lext*14(c.641G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223236, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223236

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_loss

      CivicName: *214Lext*14(c.641G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: V-14

      KindredID: 2

      Case: M, Age Unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family 2 is comprised of 131 individuals over six generations including 65 members (50% of those at risk) with VHL type 2A (72% clinically affected, 12% obligate carriers, and 15% positive genetic analysis alone) and nearly equal gender distribution for affected status (54% male). An additional six members (II-3, II-4, II -5, III-1, III-2, and III-3) are suspected to have VHL without confirmation. Of note, the nuclear family (branch IV-13) contains 13 siblings, of whom 12 have been diagnosed with pheo. The presenting tumor types in Family 2 were pheo (70%), HB (17%), and RA (13%). No Family 2 member had RCC as the initial manifestation. Distribution of HB and RA are not described except for patient IV-8.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. PatientID: V-23

      KindredID: 2

      Case: M, Age Unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family 2 is comprised of 131 individuals over six generations including 65 members (50% of those at risk) with VHL type 2A (72% clinically affected, 12% obligate carriers, and 15% positive genetic analysis alone) and nearly equal gender distribution for affected status (54% male). An additional six members (II-3, II-4, II -5, III-1, III-2, and III-3) are suspected to have VHL without confirmation. Of note, the nuclear family (branch IV-13) contains 13 siblings, of whom 12 have been diagnosed with pheo. The presenting tumor types in Family 2 were pheo (70%), HB (17%), and RA (13%). No Family 2 member had RCC as the initial manifestation. Distribution of HB and RA are not described except for patient IV-8.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2223, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.00001343, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Table 1

      PatientID: N/A

      KindredID: 9

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Family history not mentioned. Patient’s variant reported as germline.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: Patient had VHL disease.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 28388566

      SupplementalData:  N/A

      Variant: p.F76del (c.227_229del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA357012, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_229delTCT

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: F76del (c.227_229del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. B1 Spinal 28 c.582_589delGACACAC N/A 5 y 10 m 

      PatientID: B1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, 28Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: No testing

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713, HP:0000107, HP:0001737 (spinal hemangioblastoma, renal cyst, pancreatic cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: no other clinical features were found after the cerebellar hemangioblastoma during 5 years 10 months of follow-up

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.T124Mfs*33 (c.369_375del)

      LegacyVariant: c.582_589delGACACAC

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189240 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.369_375del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: T124Mfs*33(c.369_375del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: V43

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 4

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: French

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: Patients are grouped by family.

      FamilyInfo: 4/7 members of this family that underwent genetic testing had the same mutation.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: N/A

      GroupHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: Likely 15300849

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.L158dup (c.473_474insTTT)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573320246, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA2573320246

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_insertion

      CivicName: L158dup (c.473_474insTTT)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. In 2012, A blood DNA sequencing analysis revealed a pathogenic VHL mutation c. 232A>T; p. Asn78Tyr in this patient. The same point mutation of VHL was identified in three family members including one sister, one brother and one nephew.

      PatientID: N/A (proband's nephew)

      KindredID: 2

      Case: M, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: The same point mutation of VHL (c. 232A>T; p.Asn78Tyr) was identified in three family members: 2 female and 1 male (one of which is his parent). His grandmother died of stroke at early of 50 years.

      CasePresentingHPOs: unknown

      CaseHPOFreeText: refused for further examinations for VHL-related lesions.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N78Y (c.232A>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVar: 223167 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223167/

      CAID: CA357056 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.232A%3ET

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: N78Y (c.232A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 4 I 7 Dead at age 53 years 2 retinal hb (7 + 14 years) M c.407 T > C (p.Phe136Ser)

      PatientID: I

      KindredID: 4

      Case: Sex Unknown, 53Y0M, Danish

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (Retinal capillary hemangioma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Diagnosed with VHL at age 7Y. Presented with retinal hemangioblastoma at 7Y and 14Y. Age of death: 53Y.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.F136S (c.407T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 496064, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/496064/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: F136S (c.407T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 2 (66.7)

      GroupID: 14a

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      GroupSize: 2

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: a retrospective cohort study from an eye centre in Germany involved 148 VHL patients and their genetic data involved in retinal capillary hemangiomas.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711 (retinal capillary hemangioma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: These 2/3 patients with a Q164* (c.490C>T) mutation had retinal capillary hemangiomas. Other VHL manifestations were discussed but not per- variant.

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q164* (c.490C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      GroupProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223228 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223228/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: Q164* (c.490C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: A-V5

      KindredID: A-V5

      Case: F, 37Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0030405 (Pheochromocytoma, Pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Bilateral pheochromocytoma and pancreatic islet cell carcinoma. Diagnosed with VHL type 2.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0001737; HP:0005584 (Hemangioblastoma, Pancreatic cysts, Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 25078357

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.A149T (c.445G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223213, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223213/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: A149T (c.445G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.500G > A p.Arg167Gln

      GroupID: 19

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 24

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: Chinese

      GroupAgeRange: 47.8Y +/- 12.7Y

      GroupInfo: Clinical characteristics of 258 patients from 80 unrelated Chinese families were reported in this study. Grouped by the 21 mutations found, 10 families with 24 members total were described, and phenotypic information was given for this group.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0009711; HP:0005584; HP:0001737; HP:0002666 (hemangioblastoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, renal cell carcinoma, pancreatic cysts, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 15 of the 24 members presented with CNS hemangioblastoma (with a mean age of onset of 35.6Y), retinal capillary hemangioma in 4 members (at the mean age of 23.0Y), renal cell carcinoma in 10 members (at the mean age of 38.3Y), pancreatic cysts in 5 members (at the mean age of 37.2Y), and pheochromocytoma in 9 members (at the mean age of 36.3Y)

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0009715 (papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: No members had a papillary cystadenoma of the epididymis genital system tumor (epididymis or broad ligament)

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 24581539 (family #11); 29330336 (as 7 families of 18 people); 28388566 (family #78, 79, 80, 81, 82, 83)

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2216, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.000003977, https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: 6

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: No family history of VHL. Parents underwent genetic testing and were not found to harbor the P102Rfs*57 (c.305del) germline variant of the VHL gene, confirming a de novo mutation in the current patient.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0005584; HP:0002894 (Hemangioblastoma, Renal cell carcinoma, Neoplasm of the pancreas)

      CaseHPOFreeText: CNS hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cystadenoma and Renal carcinoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002894; HP:0002666 (Retinal capillary hemangioma, Neoplasm of the pancreas, Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.P102Rfs*57 (c.305del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText:

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA658820710, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.305del

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: This variant was not found in 120 alleles from normal subjects in the Brazilian population.

      MutationType: deletion; minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: P102fs (c.305del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID/ KindredID: VHL 43

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 5

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: German

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 5 patients with the given mutation belonging to VHL family 43

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0010797; HP:0000107 (retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma, renal cyst)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 5 patients have retinal angioma, 2 with hemangioblastoma and 2 with renal cyst

      GroupNotHPOs: N/A

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R167Q (c.500G>A)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.R167Q (c.713G>A)

      ClinVarID: 2216 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2216/

      CAID: CA020454 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.500G%3EA

      gnomAD: 0.000003977 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10191507-G-A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transition

      CivicName: R167Q (c.500G>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    2. GroupID/ KindredID: VHL54

      Case: Sex unknown, Age unknown, German

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: One patient with the given mutation is stated to belong to VHL family 54

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0002666 (retinal capillary hemangioma, pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7759077

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Y98H (c.292T>C)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: p.Y98H (c.505T>C)

      ClinVarID: 2223 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2223/

      CAID: CA020246 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.292T%3EC

      gnomAD: 0.00001343 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183823-T-C

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y98H (c.292T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 29813026

      PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 1

      Case: Sex Unknown, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: hemangioblastoma

      FamilyInfo: N/A - Not specified

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797 (hemangioblastoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: VHL syndromic HB

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q96_P102del (c.287_307del)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA2573106190 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/by_caid?caid=CA2573106190

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: inframe_deletion

      CivicName: Q96_P102del (c.287_307del)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 312232N—N—YYYYNc.481 C>T

      PatientID: 31

      KindredID: 22

      Case: Sex Unknown, 32Y0M, Brazilian (Latino/Admixed American)

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: stated as a familial VHL. 1 other family member (patient 30) with that same mutation was stated with an age of 56. This patient has RCC, renal cysts, pancreatic cysts, and CNS hemangioblastoma and retinal capillary hemangioblastomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0010797; HP:0001737; HP:0005584; HP:0000107 (hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst, renal cell carcinoma, renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002668, HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0030405; (Paraganglioma, pheochromocytoma, retinal capillary hemangioma, pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.R161* (c.481C>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 2217 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/2217/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: stop_gained

      CivicName: R161* (c.481C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. A 37-year-old woman and 78-year-old man who were daughter and father, respectively, and had multiple cysts in both kidneys, were enrolled in this study. In addition, a 28-year-old healthy male subject was enrolled as a normal control. The study was in accordance with the ethical standards as formulated in the Helsinki Declaration of 1975 (revised in 1983). Both patients had c.349T>A mutation (p.Trp117Arg) in exon 2 of the VHL gene. Histopathological examination revealed clear cell type renal

      PatientID: None (father)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: M, 78Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      FamilyInfo: 37Y old daughter had multiple cysts (RCC) in both kidneys and the same (c.349T>A) mutation

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0000107; HP:0005584; HP:0006770 (renal cysts; renal cell carcinoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: VHL patient underwent left nephrectomy and right partial nephrectomy (subtotal nephrectomy). Histopathological examination revealed clear cell type renal cell carcinoma (RCC)

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.W117R (c.349T>A)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753664 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.349T%3EA

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: W117R (c.349T>A)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. her mother

      PatientID: None

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: Asymptomatic

      FamilyInfo: The heterozygous missense variant NM_000551.3:c.311G>T was identified on two of her daughters; one was 21Y and one was 17Y. The 21Y daughter had hypertension and a paraganglioma, and the 17Y daughter had a retinal hemangioblastoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: N/A

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient refused a complete staging.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.G104V(c.311G>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223183, http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223183

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: G104V(c.311G>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 1

      KindredID: 86

      Case: Sex, Age, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: two RCC tumors were detected in this patient

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.C77Lfs*55 (c.227_228insC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: NM_000551.3:c.227_228insC automapped to NM_000551.3:c.228dupC

      LegacyVariant: p.76 FS (c.441insC)

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA658795177 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.227_228insC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: Tested the tumors for somatic mutations but did not detect any

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: C77fs (c.228dup)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. Eighteen VHL patients who underwent pancreatectomy for one or several endocrine tumors at Beaujon hospital from 1997 to 2008 were retrieved from the file of VHL patients (Table 1).

      PatientID: 9

      KindredID: 9

      Case: M, 51Y0M, Ethnicity unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: pancreatic endocrine tumor

      FamilyInfo: None

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0030405 (pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: See Table 1 for more information

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.H191Tfs*11 (c.571delC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA658795182 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.571delC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: H191Tfs*11 (c.571delC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. 33M F NK M A VHL 854insC X > Cys+ 128AA

      PatientID: 33M

      KindredID: 33M

      Case: F, Age Unknown, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None

      CohortInfo: Patients with apparently sporadic pheochromocytomas.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006748 (Adrenal pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had a malignant adrenal pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.*214C(c.641_642insC)

      LegacyVariant: p.X > Cys+ 128AA (c.854insC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA913189243 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.641_642insC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: plus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: *214C (c.641_642insC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 12

      KindredID: 12

      Case: F, 41Y0M, Korean

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Daughter has the same mutation and presented with CNS hemangioblastoma.

      CohortInfo: 26 Korean patients with more than one HAB in the CNS or eye, a single HAB in the CNS or retina plus a visceral manifestation (multiple renal, pancreatic or hepatic cysts, pheochromocytoma and RCC) and positive family history plus any one of the above manifestations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (Renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Other phenotypes presented but not specified (one or more of: pancreatic cyst or tumor, renal or hepatic cyst). Diagnosed with VHL Type 1.

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0002666; HP:0009711; HP:0010797 (Pheochromocytoma, Retinal capillary hemangioma, Hemangioblastoma)

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2006.21.3.239

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.Q73* (c.217C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223164, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223164/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition; stop_gained

      CivicName: Q73* (c.217C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: 249

      KindredID: 249

      Case: Sex Unknown, 32Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: None.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0006770, HP:0000107 (clear cell renal cell carcinoma, renal cyst)

      CaseHPOFreeText: N/A

      CaseNotHPOs: HP:0009711,HP:0010797, HP:0001737, HP:0002666 ( retinal capillary hemangioma, hemangioblastoma, pancreatic cyst, pheochromocytoma )

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table S1, S2, S3.

      Variant: p.P86L(c.257C>T)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 182977 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/182977/

      CAID: CA020186 http://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.257C%3ET

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: P86L(c.257C>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PMID: 21528239

      GroupID/ KindredID: A

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 8

      GroupNumberMales: 2

      GroupNumberFemales: 6

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: The kindred comprised of 21 individuals over 4 generations. The following members have a confirmed mutation: I:1 (F, deceased), II:2 (F, deceased), III:2 (F, deceased), III:4 (M), III:6 (F), IV:4 (F), IV:6 (M), IV:7 (F, is predicted to be affected). The 3 deceased members had died from VHL related tumors. Another 3 were suffering from VHL, another developed RCC an cHB, and 1 was a VHL carrier. All 8 members had this mutation

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0005584; HP:0006880; HP:0009711; HP:0030421 (renal cell carcinoma; cerebellar hemangioblastoma; retinal capillary hemangioma; epidymidal tumor)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 5 members had RCC, 5 had multiple cerebellar hemangioblastomas, 2 had retinal capillary hemangioma and 1 had an epidymidal tumor.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0002666 (pheochromocytoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: None of the eight VHL carriers of the first kindred had developed pheochromocytoma, and this kindred clearly presents VHL disease type 1

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: 7700111

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.S183Cfs*19 (c.548delC)

      LegacyVariant: p.183 (c.761delC)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA658795184 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.548delC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: minus_1_frameshift_variant

      CivicName: S183fs (c.548delC)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. PatientID: None

      KindredID: VHL10

      Case: F, 65Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: N/A

      CohortInfo: A total of 190 patients recruited by the COMETE network over 15 years were included in the study.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0002666 (Pheochromocytoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: The patient had one malignant pheochromocytoma.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: RET/SDHB/SDHC/SDHD

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Table 1 of Supplementary

      Variant: p.Y156H (c.466T>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351756040, https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.466T%3EC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: The patient had LOH found in the BAC array CGH data.

      MutationType: missense_variant;transition

      CivicName: Y156H (c.466T>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. GroupID: 42

      DiseaseAssertion: assumed VHL

      GroupSize: 3

      GroupNumberMales: N/A

      GroupNumberFemales: N/A

      GroupEthnicity: N/A

      GroupAgeRange: N/A

      GroupInfo: 3 of the 573 patients discussed in this paper were found to have identical variants. This mutation was found in 1 VHL family with 3 patients.

      GroupPresentingHPOs: HP:0009711; HP:0006880; HP:0002666 (retinal capillary hemangioma, cerebellar hemangioblastoma, pheochromocytoma)

      GroupHPOFreeText: 2 had retinal hemangioblastoma at a mean age of 16Y, one had cerebellar hemangioblastoma at 16Y, and 1 had pheochromcytoma at 14Y.

      GroupNotHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      GroupNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      GroupPreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: Supplementary Table S1.

      Variant: c.340+5G>C

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: 36901, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/36901/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: 0.01119 https://gnomad.broadinstitute.org/variant/3-10183876-G-C

      VariantEvidence: This variant’s large allele frequency means this is likely non disease causing (not deleterious).

      MutationType: splice_site_variant

      CivicName: Splice Region (c.340+5G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. c.269A>T p.Asn90Ile

      PatientID: I:1

      KindredID: 4

      Case: F, 63Y0M, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Patient’s one son (II:3) was found with the same mutation and hemangioblastoma at 22Y and retinal capillary hemangioma at 32Y. Her other son (II:1) died before diagnosis; thus no DNA sample available. He presented with hemangioblastoma at 19Y

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0005584 (renal cell carcinoma)

      CaseHPOFreeText: patient had RCC at 63Y

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: N/A

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.N90I (c.269A>T)

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      ClinVarID: 223172 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/clinvar/variation/223172/

      CAID: N/A

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant; transversion

      CivicName: N90I (c.269A>T)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

    1. The mother, aged 49, had a history of well-controlled hypertension. Supine plasma normetanephrine was elevated (1382 pmol/l, RR <900 pmol/l) whilst plasma metanephrine was normal (117 pmol/l, RR <500 pmol/l). MRI of the brain, spine and abdomen revealed multiple, asymptomatic VHL-associated lesions. These included a spinal haemangioblastoma, bilateral T2-hyperintense adrenal lesions (18 mm and 12 mm), subsequently confirmed to be PCCs, and two pancreatic lesions (11 mm and 16 mm), subsequently confirmed to be grade 1 neuroendocrine tumours.

      PatientID: N/A (mother)

      KindredID: 1

      Case: F, 49Y0M, Ethnicity Unknown

      DiseaseAssertion: VHL

      FamilyInfo: Prior to her daughter being tested, there was no family history of PCC/paraganglioma (PGL), multiple endocrine neoplasia type 2 (MEN2), neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) or VHL. Genetic testing and observation found the mutation (c.361G>C) in her daughter, who also presented with extraadrenal and adrenal pheochromocytoma.

      CasePresentingHPOs: HP:0009713; HP:0006748; HP:0030405 (spinal hemangioblastoma, adrenal pheochromocytoma, pancreatic endocrine tumor)

      CaseHPOFreeText: MRI of the brain, spine and abdomen revealed multiple, asymptomatic VHL-associated lesions. These included a spinal haemangioblastoma, bilateral T2-hyperintense adrenal lesions (18 mm and 12 mm), subsequently confirmed to be PCCs, and two pancreatic lesions (11 mm and 16 mm), subsequently confirmed to be grade 1 neuroendocrine tumours.

      CaseNotHPOs: N/A

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: N/A

      CasePreviousTesting: N/A

      PreviouslyPublished: SDHA, SDHB

      SupplementalData: N/A

      Variant: p.D121H (c.361G>C)

      LegacyVariant: N/A

      CaseProblemVariantFreeText: N/A

      ClinVarID: N/A

      CAID: CA351753752 https://reg.clinicalgenome.org/redmine/projects/registry/genboree_registry/allele?hgvsOrDescriptor=NM_000551.3%3Ac.361G%3EC

      gnomAD: N/A

      VariantEvidence: N/A

      MutationType: missense_variant;transversion

      CivicName: D121H (c.361G>C)

      MultipleGeneVariants: N/A

  2. Sep 2026
    1. 2,2b1 1 noch mehr: als Idee hat jeder Staat seinen bestimmten Ort, der ihn wesentlich prägt. Als Idee ist der Staat "Einheit von Ordnung und Ortung" (C. Schmitt, Der Nomos der Erde, S. 13ff.). Diese Formel, die Schmitt für das Recht allgemein geprägt hat, gilt in noch besonderem stärkerem Masse für den modernen Staat. vgl. auch Schmitt, S. 98ff. Der moderne Staat füllt einen bestimmten impermeablen Raum aus, das heisst: 1.) die Eigenart dieses Raumes prägt den Charakter des konkreten Staates (für sich genommen). 2.) Es ist ein Teilraum; daraus ergibt sich eine bestimmte Lage zu anderen Staaten

      2,2b1 1 Y aún más: como idea, cada Estado tiene su lugar específico, que lo caracteriza de manera esencial. Como idea, el Estado es «unidad de orden y ubicación» (C. Schmitt, Der Nomos der Erde, p. 13 y ss.). Esta fórmula, que Schmitt acuñó para el derecho en general, se aplica con especial intensidad para el Estado moderno. Véase también Schmitt, pág. 98 y ss.

      El Estado moderno ocupa un espacio determinado e impermeable, es decir:

      1.) La peculiaridad de este espacio determina el carácter
      del Estado concreto (tomado en sí mismo).
      
      2.) Se trata de un subespacio; de ello se deriva una
      posición determinada respecto a otros Estados, que que también contribuye a dar forma al Estado.
      

      Traducido con DeepL (https://dee.pl/apps)

      Ver benveniste 1983 @Schmitt, C

    1. The proband

      Case#: two affected sisters

      DiseaseAssertion: Stargardt Disease

      FamilyInfo: compound heterozygotes for the mutations. Unaffected family members did not carry either or had one of the two mutations.

      CasePresentingHPOs: NR

      CaseHPOFreeText: NR

      CaseNotHPOs: NR

      CaseNotHPOFreeText: NR

      Genotyping Method: ABCA4 408 microsatellite

      PreviouslyPublished: NR

      Variant: NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.5018+2T>C , NM_000350.3(ABCA4):c.655A>T

      ClinVar: 265008, 632118

      CAID: CA10588304, CA645372240

      SupplementalData: NR

    1. Current age 26 years
  3. Aug 2026
    1. Still, now is the time to discuss how we move from a world where technology dominates the state, as in the US, or the state dominates technology, as in China.

      Gordon Brown phrases the diff geopolitical approaches by USA and China as how state and tech power dimension is shaped (state over tech, tech over state). What would EU's third path be called in that regard?

    1. on ARC-AGI-3, retained reasoning and context compaction raised GPT-5.6 Sol's score from 13.3% to 38.3% while reducing output tokens sixfold

      EP.99 故事线C: Harness 设计本身就能将性能从 13.3% 提升到 38.3%,同时减少 6 倍的输出 tokens——这意味着「如何运行模型」和「运行什么模型」同样重要。这是对 AI Agent 工程的深刻洞察:推理框架的设计空间远未被充分探索。

    1. LLMs not only make this trivial, they do it by default, making formerly trustworthy benchmarks meaningless unless you audit the result

      EP.99 故事线C: LLM 默认就会针对 benchmark 做优化(即使被告知不要作弊)——这不是技术限制,而是 RLHF 的副作用。好的评测体系必须包含「holdout 集」,就像机器学习本身一样,这个洞察将深刻影响 AI 能力评估实践。

    1. Jin Shanmu, a Beijing-based neurosurgeon, was trying to solve a problem related to brain ultrasounds. Instead, he made mathematical history.

      EP.99 故事线C: 北京神经外科医生解开了 20 年数学难题——这个故事的关键不在于「AI 解题」,而在于「领域外的人借助 AI 进入了另一个领域」。AI 正在降低跨领域深度参与的门槛,改变知识生产的边界。

    1. Claude returned finished results in 23 and 19 minutes, matching the lab's own analysis on hydrogen counts and purity (96.4% versus 96.33%)

      EP.99 故事线C: 23 分钟完成分析,精度匹配实验室结果(96.4% vs 96.33%)。时间压缩是 AI4S 最大的价值主张——原本需要数天的分析压缩到分钟级,同时保持精度不损失。双刃剑的另一面:同样的速度也适用于生物武器设计。

    2. Claude (Mythos Preview and Opus 4.8) designed protein binders against 15 targets, and succeeded against 14 of them

      EP.99 故事线C: 15 个靶点、14 个成功——93% 的成功率远超行业基准(传统方法通常低于 50%)。Claude 在蛋白质设计上的表现,标志着 AI4S(AI for Science)从「辅助加速」进入「主导设计」的新阶段。

  4. Jul 2026
  5. Jun 2026
    1. The great thing about working with WebAssembly is that if the C turns out to be fatally flawed the worst that can happen is the WebAssembly execution will fail with an exception.

      大多数系统程序员认为 C 代码中的错误可能导致严重的安全漏洞或系统崩溃。但作者认为在 WebAssembly 环境中,即使 C 代码存在致命缺陷,最坏情况也只是执行失败并抛出异常,这挑战了人们对 C 代码风险的传统认知,暗示 WebAssembly 提供了一种更安全的执行环境。

  6. May 2026
  7. Apr 2026
  8. Mar 2026
    1. Quests can also be independent projects or activities for the students who have finished their work.

      I've used these type of independent activities like this in other classes, and they seemed to be beneficial because they keep students engaged after finishing their work while allowing others to continue learning at their own pace.

  9. Feb 2026
  10. Jan 2026
  11. Dec 2025
  12. Nov 2025
  13. Oct 2025

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  14. Sep 2025
  15. Aug 2025
    1. Labor Shortages in the Hospitality Industry:The Effects of Work-Life Balance, Employee Compensation,Government Issued Unemployment Benefits and Job Insecurityon Employees’ Turnover Intentions

      Citation: Grigoryan, K. (2024, January). Labor Shortages in the Hospitality Industry: The Effects of Work-Life Balance, Employee Compensation, Government Issued Unemployment Benefits and Job Insecurity on Employees’ Turnover Intentions. Westcliff University .

    1. Portable Typewriters Today - February 2015<br /> by [[Will Davis]] on 2015-02-10<br /> accessed on 2025-08-05T16:35:48

  16. Jul 2025
    1. Communities and societies benefit as well, as understanding and tolerance reduce animosity and conflict.

      I live in a conservative town and I often see people being very intolerant of people who speak other languages and are not empathetic or understanding of individuals who struggle to speak English or who don't speak or understand any English.

  17. Jun 2025
  18. May 2025
  19. Apr 2025
    1. Disease: Dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (DEB) pruriginosa *Note: A novel vwf variant was found in this patient with these other variants in COL7A1 gene

      Patient(s): 17 YO Korean male

      Variant: VWF NM_000552.5: c.3310C>T p. (R1101W) Located in exon 26

      Hadn't been reported previously Variant found to be inherited in trans from family analysis

      According to the paper, they have classified with with ACMG guidelines as likely pathogenic.

      Reasoning: Variant absent in the Korea Ref Genome Database and Allele Freq = 0.00086% in gnomAD (Evidence: PM2)

      Variant detected in trans with another well-known pathologic variant (c.5797C>T) (Evidence: PM3)

      Multiple missense variants are known to be pathogenic in RDEB (Evidence: PP2)

      Various computational in silico predictive programs reported the variant as pathogenic (Evidence PP3)

  20. Feb 2025
  21. windeyes.livejournal.com windeyes.livejournal.com
    1. Общественные законы сейчас уже не могут срабатывать так, как могут сработать индивидуальные. Во всяком случае кажется все большие вопросы разрешаются сейчас не так законами общества как силами индивида.
  22. Jan 2025
    1. They create emotional attachment to outcomes.

      [C] this makes me think back to what we talked about in class on Tuesday that people need to move past their ideal changes and get to their personal interests which have an emotional attachment.

    1. the air warms adiabatically which means that it depends on the lapse rate as you as you go to lower and lower altitudes um the temperature increases so the lapse rate is actually the drop of temperature as you get further from the surface of the Earth in dry air the adiabatic lapse rate is n about 10° CS per kilometer or about a degree celsius per uh 100 MERS okay so the as the air is coming down it's warming about 1° cels for each 100 meters of desent

      for - physics - adiabatic warming - lapse rate - Santa Ana winds - venturi effect through canyons increases wind speed - SOURCE - Youtube - climate crisis - 2025 Los Angeles fires - The Catastrophic Climate Driven Conflagaration in Los Angeles - Paul Beckwith - 2025, Jan 10 - stats - Santa Ana winds warms 1 Deg C every 100 meter of descent due to adiabatic warming lapse rate - SOURCE - Youtube - climate crisis - 2025 Los Angeles fires - The Catastrophic Climate Driven Conflagaration in Los Angeles - Paul Beckwith - 2025, Jan 10

  23. Dec 2024
    1. there still seems to be a little bit of Gap in data that doesn't account for 0.2 de celsus warming that is present extra scientists have not been able to comfortably explain over the past in fact several years why there is this little bit of extra global warming it is a major major Gap

      for - stats - climate crisis - global mean temperature gap in models vs measurement of - 0.2 Deg C - from The Print - YouTube - Low clouds disappearing over earth, rapidly acceleration heating - 2024, Dec

    1. Describe how youcould incorporate this information into your analysis.

      Flag: suggested answer (don't read if don't want to see a (possibly incorrect) attempt:

      Update - realise some bi-modal continuous distribution may be better (but potentially difficult to perform the update)

      Attempt: we model the parameter pi in a Bayesian way: we put a distribution on pi (0.7 w.p 1/2, 0.2 w.p 1/2) then we weight the 1/2 with the likelihood of the observations, given that parameter (i.e. what is the likleihood when pi = 0.7, multiply that by 1/2 then divide by the normalizing constant to get our new probability for pi = 0.7 (do the same for pi = 0.2, the normalizing constant is the sum of the 'scores' for 0.7 and 0.2 i.e. 1/2 * likelihood so we can't 'divide by the normalising constant until we have the score for both 0.2 and 0.7)

    2. xplain your answers

      Flag - suggested answer (don't read if don't want to see a (possibly incorrect) attempt:

      Grateful for comments here as I am not very certain on the situations that the MLE approach is better vs situations where Bayesian approach is better

      Suggested answer:

      c(i) Is frequentist approach where we have one parameter estimate (the MLE) c(ii) bayesian approach - distribution over parameters and we update our prior belief based on observations If we have no prior belief - c(i) may be a better estimate (i.e. in (my version of) c(ii) we are constraining the parameters to be 0.7 or 0.2 and updating our relative convictions about these - which is a strong prior asssumption (we can never have 0.5 for instance) If we do have prior belief and also want to incorporate uncertainty estimations in our parameters, I think c(ii) is better If the MLE is 0.7 then we will have c(i) giving 0.7 and c(ii) giving 0.7 with a very high probability and 0/2 with a very low probability to the methods will perform similarly

    1. https://web.archive.org/web/20241201071240/https://www.dreamsongs.com/WorseIsBetter.html

      Richard P Gabriel documents the history behind 'worse is better' a talk he held in Cambridge in #1989/ The role of LISP in the then AI wave stands out to me. And the emergence of C++ on Unix and OOP. I remember doing a study project (~91) w Andre en Martin in C++ v2 because we realised w OOP it would be easier to solve and the teacher thought it would be harder for us to use a diff language.

      via via via Chris Aldrich in h. to Christian Tietze, https://forum.zettelkasten.de/discussion/comment/22075/#Comment_22075 to Christine Lemmer-Webber https://dustycloud.org/blog/how-decentralized-is-bluesky/ to here.

      -[ ] find overv of AI history waves and what tech / languages drove them at the time

  24. Nov 2024
    1. f only current NDCs are implemented and no further ambition is shown in the newpledges, the best we could expect to achieve is catastrophic global warming of up to2.6°C over the course of the century

      for - stats - Current National Declared Commitments (NDCs) only take us to a disastrous 2.6 Deg. C over the course of the century.- UN Emissions Gap Report 2024 - Key Messages

    2. Since greenhouse gas emissions grew 1.3 per cent year-on-year to 57.1 gigatonsof carbon dioxide equivalent in 2023, the task has become harder; 7.5 per centmust be shaved off emissions every year until 2035 for 1.5°C

      for - stats - GHG emissions grew 1.3 % year-on-year to 57.1 Gton CO2 eq in 2023 - UN Emissions Gap Report 2024 - Key Messages - stats - 7.5% decarbonization rate is now required every year to stay under 1.5 Deg C - UN Emissions Gap Report 2024 - Key Messages

    1. we hit it for one year and that doesn't tell us we've hit it or we haven't hit it so we we typically want to see a longer running average so we typically use an 11-year running average so a single year doesn't tell us we've hit it or we haven't hit it but it but it may well be that we're already in that long um like that that long run average we might be already one of those years that means we're not going to drop below 1.5

      for - quote - climate crisis - In 2024, temperatures soared above 1.5 Deg C. Have we breached the threshold? Yes and No - Kevin Anderson

      quote - climate crisis - In 2024, temperatures soared above 1.5 Deg C. Have we breached the threshold? Yes and No - Kevin Anderson - (see below) - We hit it for one year and that doesn't tell us we've hit it or we haven't hit it - We we typically want to see a longer running average so we typically use n 11-year running average - so a single year doesn't tell us we've hit it or we haven't hit it - But it may well be that we're already in that long run average - We might be already one of those years that means we're not going to drop below 1.5

  25. Oct 2024
    1. Case: patient is named case #2, male

      Disease Assertion: UCD/OTCD

      Family Info:

      Case Presenting HPOs: Hyperammonemia (HP:0001987), oriticaciduria (HP:0003218), low plasma citrulline (HP:0003572), neonatal onset(HP:0003623), Hyperglutaminemia (HP:0003217)

      Case HPO FreeText:

      Case NOT HPOs:

      Case NOT HPO Free Text:

      Case Previous Testing: GDNA was isolated from lymphocytes. To examine the small mutations in the coding region of the OTC gene, all 10 exons and their flanking intron regions were amplified using PCR, and the nucleotide sequences of the amplified products were determined. To determine the intron 5 sequence of case 2, PCR was performed using primers OTCex5F and OTCint5R, and primers OTCint5F and OTCex6R (Table 1, Fig. 3). The amplified products were subcloned into the pT7 vector and the inserted DNA was sequenced using an automated DNA sequencer. Allopurinol test

      Supplemental Data: TABLE 1, Notes:

      Variant: NM_000531.6: c.540+265G>A

      ClinVarID: NA

      CAID: CA658658977

      gnomAD:

      Gene Name: OTC (ornithine transcarbamylase)

    1. Oliver Sacks Archive Heads to the New York Public Library by [[Jennifer Schuessler]]

      The voluminous papers of the celebrated neurologist include letters, notebooks, drafts and other traces of a man who couldn’t stop writing.

      You have to love the boos, notebooks, papers, fountain pen, typewriter, computer, printer, and even writing software all pictured in this... Add the glasses and it just reeks of someone who reads and writes.

  26. Sep 2024
    1. Case: Patient #8, Female, Spanish

      DiseaseAssertion: UCD/OTCD

      FamilyInfo: Family history of disease

      CasePresentingHPOs: Hyperammonemia (HP:0001987), Hyperglutaminemia (HP:0003217), Low plasma citrulline (HP:0003572), Oroticaciduria (HP:0003218), Childhood onset (HP:0011463)

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: Patients referred for mutational study because of enzymatically proven and/or laboratory proven OTC deficiency; genomic DNA extracted using commercial kit; amplified through PCR; SSCP analysis; sequenced using ABI Prism 3100 automated sequencer

      SupplementalData: Table 1

      Variant: NM_000531.6: c.391_397dup (p.Ser133Ilefs*3)

      ClinVarID: 597358

      CAID: CA913190354

      gnomAD:

    1. Both biosphere boundaries

      for - question - earth system boundaries - biodiversity - how do we reconcile these boundaries with climate departure?

      question - earth system boundaries - biodiversity - how do we reconcile these boundaries with climate departure? - Does the term "functional integrity" imply autonomy from climate feedbacks? Obviously, climate feedback plays a huge role in determining biodiversity health - In 2013, Mora et al. found that climate departure, the year in which a climate variable moves out of the historical bounds will occur everywhere on the planet, regardless of an aggressive RCP pathway being taken. In this study, climate departure was found to take place (relative to 2013) - 37.5 years in the future under RCP45, or - 22.5 years in the future under RCP85 - It would seem that the biodiversity boundaries should take into consideration climate departure as species extinction and ecological system disruption is projected to occur, regardless of whether RCP45 or RCP85 is adopted. - Currently, we are still on a Business-As-Usual trajectory, but since 2013, scientific research has moved the danger threshold even lower so climate departure dates are likely even sooner than those calculated in the 2013 Mora paper

      to - Mora, C., Frazier, A., Longman, R. et al. (2013). The projected timing of climate departure from recent variability. Nature 502, 183–187. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature12540 - https://hyp.is/3wZrokX9Ee-XrSvMGWEN2g/www.nature.com/articles/nature12540 - Researchgate copy - https://hyp.is/go?url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net%2Fpublication%2F257598710_The_projected_timing_of_climate_departure_from_recent_variability&group=world

  27. Aug 2024
    1. Case: Patient Proband SS, Female, Caucasian

      DiseaseAssertion: UCD/OTCD

      FamilyInfo: De novo inheritance, no family history of disease

      CasePresentingHPOs: Hyperammonemia (HP:0001987), oroticaciduria (HP:0003218), Childhood onset (HP:0011463)

      CaseHPOFreeText:

      CaseNOTHPOs: Positive allopurinol test

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText:

      CasePreviousTesting: Genomic DNA isolated from peripheral blood leukocytes or cultured skin fibroblasts. Amplification by PCR used. SSCP analysis performed. Sequencing of both free and immobilized single strands carried out by dideoxy chain termination method.

      SupplementalData: Table 1: Mutations in the Ornithine Transcarbamylase Gene of 17 Females

      Variant: NM_000531.6:c.77+1G>A

      ClinVarID: 97313

      CAID: CA224773

      gnomAD:

    1. Case: Patient #38, Female, Chinese

      DiseaseAssertion: UCD/OTCD

      FamilyInfo: No family history of disease, mutation is inherited

      CasePresentingHPOs: Hyperammonemia (HP:0001987), oroticaciduria (HP:0003218), vomiting (HP:0002013), coma (HP:0001259), lethargy (HP:0001254), seizures (HP:0001250), childhood onset (HP:0011463)

      CaseHPOFreeText: Elevated plasma ammonia at 190 umol/L (Normal: 9-30 umol/L), Elevated urinary orotate at 202 mmol/mmol creatinine (Normal: 0-1.5 mmol/mmol creatinine)

      CaseNOTHPOs:

      CaseNOTHPOFreeText: Normal plasma glutamine at 13.5 umol/L (Normal: 6-30 umol/L), Normal plasma citrulline at 15.75 umol/L (Normal: 7-35 umol/L)

      CasePreviousTesting: gDNA extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes. PCR all coding exons and exon–intron boundaries of the OTC gene using 9 pairs of synthetic oligonucleotide primers, and the primer sequences and annealing temperature. PCR products were then purified and bidirectionally sequenced. The library was sequenced using Illumina HiSeq4000 and generated 150 bp paired-end reads. Data analysis was performed as previously described [Sun Y, Hu G, Liu H, Zhang X, Huang Z, Yan H, et al. Further delineation of the phenotype of truncating KMT2A mutations: the extended Wiedemann–Steiner syndrome. Am J Med Genet A. 2017;173:510–4.]. Multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification analysis was performed for samples in which Sanger sequencing or WES failed to detect any disease-causing mutation.

      Variant: NM_000531.6:c.67C>T (p.Arg23*)

      ClinVarID: 97292

      CAID: CA224742

      gnomAD:

  28. Jul 2024
    1. Case: patient #10, Male, Argentine

      Disease Assertion: UCD/OTCD

      Family Info: family history of the disease,

      Case Presenting HPOs: Neonatal onset(HP:0003623), Hyperammonemia HP:0001987

      Case HPO FreeText:

      Case NOT HPOs:

      Case NOT HPO Free Text:

      Case Previous Testing: The OTC gene mutations were identified using PCR amplification, classical sequencing (Sanger), and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification.10,11 Mutations were identified by comparison with the GenBank reference sequence for human OTC (GenBank entries: NG_008471.1, NP 000522.3, NM 000531.5, NC 000023.11) Missense mutations were analyzed using different computational algorithms: CLUSTALW2 (http://www.clustal.org/clustal2/), SIFT (http://blocks.fhcrc.org/sift/SIFT.html),Polyphen2(http://genetics.bwh.harvard.edu/pph/),PoPMuSiC(http://babylone.ulb.ac.be/popmusic/), and SIFT Indel(http://siftdna.org/www/SIFT_indels2.html).

      Supplemental Data: Table 1 Notes: died at 6 months and had 2 brothers that died a neonatal stage

      Variant: NM_000531.6: c.540+1G>A

      ClinVarID: 1458773

      CAID: CA412724226

      gnomAD: X-38381340-A-T

      Gene Name: OTC (ornithine transcarbamylase)

    1. Case: patient#5 , female, Italian

      Disease Assertion: UCD/OTCD

      Family Info:

      Case Presenting HPOs: irritability(HP:0000737), lethargy(HP:0001254), vomiting(HP:0002013), Oriticaciduria (HP:0003218), low plasma citrulline (HP:0003572), Elevated circulating alanine aminotransferase concentration(HP:0031964), Elevated circulating aspartate aminotransferase concentration (HP:0031956), childhood onset (HP:0011463)

      Case HPO FreeText:

      Case NOT HPOs:

      Case NOT HPO Free Text:

      Case Previous Testing: Total RNA was isolated from peripheral blood lymphocytes or lymphoblastoid cell lines and from frozen liver biopsy as described in Chomczynski and Sacchi (1987). For each patient two cDNA syntheses were performed: 10mg of total RNA with 800-1000 ng of oligo dT or 500ng of specific primer NR, mapping in the 3’UTR of OTC cDNA Identification of genetic lesions by amplification of the OTC mRNA, expressed in the liver tissue and intestine, from a non-specific tissue like PBL or lymphoblastoid cell lines. Some mutations, particularly those affecting splicing sites, may have a different expression in liver and PBL . In females, including manifesting carriers, this method allows the identification of deletions and gene rearrangements with certainty, but mutations, decreasing mRNA stability, are unlikely to be detected because the normal allele will constitute the majority of the RNA available for RT-PCR and will be preferentially amplified.

      Supplemental Data: Case report section Notes: Hepatomegaly. This mutation, previously reported (Reish et al., 1993), has been correlated with a lethal disease form in a male patient, therefore the mild phenotype in our patient could be explained by a not completely unfavorable X-lyonization

      Variant: NM_000531.6: c.928G>T(p.Glu310*)

      ClinVarID: 97361

      CAID: CA224838

      gnomAD:

      Gene Name: OTC (ornithine transcarbamylase)