- Aug 2022
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Atari, M., Reimer, N. K., Graham, J., Hoover, J., Kennedy, B., Davani, A. M., Karimi-Malekabadi, F., Birjandi, S., & Dehghani, M. (2021). Pathogens Are Linked to Human Moral Systems Across Time and Space. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tnyh9
Tags
- morality
- Pathogen Avoidance
- evolution
- COVID-19
- moral code
- moral foundation theory
- social and behavioral science
- computational linguistics
- psychiatry
- pathogen
- purity
- infectious diseases
- culture
- research
- adaptive moral system
- cultural psychology
- care
- cultural difference
- linguistics
- behavioral science
- is:preprint
- lang:en
- US
- social and personality psycholgy
- cross-cultural psychology
- moral behavior
- loyalty
Annotators
URL
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- Mar 2022
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Arechar, A. A., Allen, J. N. L., berinsky, a., Cole, R., Epstein, Z., Garimella, K., … Rand, D. G. (2022, February 11). Understanding and Reducing Online Misinformation Across 16 Countries on Six Continents. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/a9frz
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- Oct 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Pennycook, G., & Rand, D. (2021). Nudging social media sharing towards accuracy. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/tp6vy
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- Aug 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Zarzeczna, N., Hanel, P. H. P., Rutjens, B., Bono, S. A., Chen, Y.-H., & Haddock, G. (2021). Scientists, speak up! Source impacts trust in and intentions to comply with health advice cross-culturally. PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/279yg
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- Jul 2021
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Bressan, P. (2021). Strangers look sicker (with implications in times of COVID-19). PsyArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/x4unv
Tags
- emotion
- outgroup
- social science
- COVID-19
- emotion regulation
- ingroup
- facial resemblance
- heuristic
- psychological adaptation
- cultural psychology
- bias
- is:preprint
- lang:en
- infectious disease
- behavioural immune system
- framing
- life science
- survival
- family
- cross-cultural psychology
- behavioural science
- pathogen avoidance
- cognitive psychology
- prejudice
Annotators
URL
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- Mar 2021
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Gligorić, Vukašin, Allard Feddes, and Bertjan Doosje. ‘Political Bullshit Receptivity and Its Correlates: A Cross-Cultural Validation of the Concept’. PsyArXiv, 27 October 2020. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/u9pe3.
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twitter.com twitter.com
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Dante Licona. (2020, December 8). What can NGOs, government and public institutions do on TikTok? Today @melisfiganmese and I shared some insights at #EuroPCom, the @EU_CoR conference for public communication. We were asked to talk about upcoming social media trends. Here’s a thread with some insights👇 https://t.co/GzOA66vstQ [Tweet]. @Dante_Licona. https://twitter.com/Dante_Licona/status/1336303773334069251
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- Feb 2021
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Florea, C., Topalidis, P., Hauser, T., Angerer, M., Kurapov, A., Leon, C. A. B., & Schabus, M. (2020, October 25). Sleep during COVID-19 lockdown: a cross-cultural pilot study. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/cakq3
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- Sep 2020
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Obradovich, N., Özak, Ö., Martín, I., Ortuño-Ortín, I., Awad, E., Cebrián, M., Cuevas, R., Desmet, K., Rahwan, I., & Cuevas, Á. (2020). Expanding the measurement of culture with a sample of two billion humans [Preprint]. SocArXiv. https://doi.org/10.31235/osf.io/qkf42
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- Jun 2020
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www.ethicalsystems.org www.ethicalsystems.org
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How Culture Explains Our Weak Response to the Coronavirus. (2020, June 14). Ethical Systems. https://www.ethicalsystems.org/how-culture-explains-our-weak-response-to-the-coronavirus/
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- May 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Zmigrod, L., Ebert, T., Götz, F. M., & Rentfrow, J. (2020, April 11). The Psychological and Socio-political Consequences of Infectious Diseases. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/84qcm
Tags
- public health
- COVID-19
- USA
- BIS
- infection
- behavioral immune system
- research
- study
- politics
- infection-avoidance
- authoritarianism
- is:preprint
- lang:en
- disposition
- psychology
- risk perception
- infectious disease
- cross-cultural
- ideology
- socio-political
- government
- attitude
- social psychology
- behavior
- consequences
Annotators
URL
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- Apr 2020
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psyarxiv.com psyarxiv.com
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Van Tongeren, D. R., DeWall, C. N., Chen, Z., Sibley, C. G., & Bulbulia, J. (2020, April 24). Van Tongeren et al. (2020) JPSP - Religious Residue. https://doi.org/10.1037/pspp0000288
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- Jan 2019
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inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net inst-fs-iad-prod.inscloudgate.net
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Although we believe that this study establishes the presence of g in data from these non-Western cultures, this study says nothing about the relative level of general cognitive ability in various societies, nor can it be used to make cross-cultural comparisons. For this purpose, one must establish measurement invariance of a test across different cultural groups (e.g., Holding et al., 2018) to ensure that test items and tasks function in a similar way for each group.
This is absolutely essential to understanding the implications of the article.
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The mean sample size of the remaining data sets was 539.6 (SD = 1,574.5). The large standard deviation in relationship to the mean is indicative of the noticeably positively skewed distribution of sample sizes, a finding supported by the much smaller median of 170 and skewness value of 6.297. There were 16,559 females (33.1%), 25,431 males (48.6%), and 10,350 individuals whose gender was unreported (19.8%). The majority of samples—62 of 97 samples (63.9%)—consisted entirely or predominantly of individuals below 18. Most of the remaining samples contained entirely or predominantly adults (32 data sets, 33.0%), and the remaining 3 datasets (3.1%) had an unknown age range or an unknown mix of adults and children). The samples span nearly the entire range of life span development, from age 2 to elderly individuals.
My colleague, Roberto Colom, stated in his blog (link below) that he would have discarded samples with fewer than 100 individuals. This is a legitimate analysis decision. See his other commentary (in Spanish) at https://robertocolom.wordpress.com/2018/06/01/la-universalidad-del-factor-general-de-inteligencia-g/
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Alternatively, one could postulate that a general cognitive ability is a Western trait but not a universal trait among humans, but this would require an evolutionary model where this general ability evolved several times independently throughout the mammalian clade, including separately in the ancestors of Europeans after they migrated out of Africa and separated from other human groups. Such a model requires (a) a great deal of convergent evolution to occur across species occupying widely divergent environmental niches and (b) an incredibly rapid development of a general cognitive ability while the ancestors of Europeans were under extremely strong selection pressures that other humans did not experience (but other mammal species or their ancestors would have experienced at other times). We find the more parsimonious model of an evolutionary origin of the general cognitive ability in the early stages of mammalian development to be the more plausible one, and thus we believe that it is reasonable to expect a general cognitive ability to be a universal human trait.
It was this reasoning that led to the decision to conduct this study. There is mounting evidence that g exists in other mammalian species, and it definitely exists in Western cultures. It seemed really unlikely that it would not exist in non-Western groups. But I couldn't find any data about the issue. So, time to do a study!
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Panga Munthu test of intelligence
To me, this is the way to create tests of intelligence for non-Western cultures: find skills and manifestations of intelligence that are culturally appropriate for a group of examinees and use those skills to tap g. Cross-cultural testing would require identifying skills that are valued or developed in both cultures.
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Berry (1986)
John W. Berry is a cross-cultural psychologist whose work stretches back over 50 years. He takes the position (e.g., Berry, 1986) that definitions of intelligence are culturally-specific and are bound up with the skills cultures encourage and that the environment requires people to develop. Therefore, he does not see Western definitions as applying to most groups.
After this study, my position is more nuanced approach. I agree with Berry that the manifestations of intelligence can vary from culture to culture, but that underneath these surface features is g in all humans.
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