65 Matching Annotations
  1. Apr 2024
  2. Mar 2024
  3. Oct 2023
  4. Sep 2023
    1. Das Meeeis um die Antarktis bedeckt in diesem September so wenig Ozean Fläche wie in keinem September der Messgeschichte. Im September erreicht es seine maximale Ausdehnung. In diesem diesem Jahr liegt sie 1,75 Millionen Quadratmeter Kilometer unter dem langjährigen Durchschnitt und eine Million Quadratmeter unter dem bisher niedrigsten September-Maximum. Im Februar wurde auch bei der geringsten Ausdehnung des antarktischen Meereises ein Rekord verzeichnet. Ob und wie diese Entwicklung mit der globalen Erhitzung zusammenhängt ist noch unklar. Die obersten 300 m des Ozeans um die Antarktis sind deutlich wärmer als früher. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/26/antarctic-sea-ice-shrinks-to-lowest-annual-maximum-level-on-record-data-shows

  5. Aug 2023
    1. Die deutschen Treibhausgasemissionen werden lt. Umweltbundesamt bis 2030 deutlich höher sein, als es das Klimaschutzgesetz verlangt, auch wenn eine Senkung um 65% im Vergleich zu 1990 knapp erreicht werden dürfte. Mit den bis August 2022 beschlossenen Maßnahmen sind die Klimaziele nicht erreichbar. Die Expertenkommission der deutschen Bundesregierung prognostiziert, dass auch die Bestimmungen des aktuell diskutierten Klimaschutzprogramms dazu nicht genügen werden.

      https://www.ndr.de/nachrichten/ndrdata/Klimaschutz-Deutschland-verfehlt-laut-Expertenrat-Klimaziele,emissionen126.html?at_medium=mastodon&at_campaign=NDR.de

  6. Jun 2023
    1. TypeScript offers special syntax for turning a constructor parameter into a class property with the same name and value. These are called parameter properties

      Doesn't this violate their own non-goal #6, "Provide additional runtime functionality", since it emits a this.x = x run-time side effect in the body that isn't explicitly written out in the source code?

  7. Apr 2023
    1. Highlights erroneously posted to a group:

       We allocate national consumption emissions to individuals within each country based on a functional relationship between income and emissions, drawing on new income distribution dataset
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      inequalityOxfam and SEI's approach to estimating how global carbon emissions can be attributed to individuals based on their consumption builds on Oxfam's 2015 report 'Extreme Carbon Inequality,'23 which gave a snapshot of the global distribution of emissions in a single year, and that of Chancel and Piketty24 among others. It is explained in detail in the accompanying research report.25
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      nequal growth has another cost: it means that the global carbon budget is being rapidly depleted, not for the purpose of lifting all of humanity to a decent standard of living, but to a large extent to expand the consumption of a minority of the world's very richest people
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      The World Bank recently concluded that continued unequal growth will barely make a dent in the number of people living on less than $1.90 per day by 2030; only a reduction in income inequality will help
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      S. Kartha, E. Kempt-Benedict, E. Ghosh, A. Nazareth and T. Gore. (2020). The Carbon Inequality Era: An assessment of the global distribution of consumption emissions among individuals from 1990 to 2015 and beyond. Oxfam and SEI. https://oxfamilibrary.openrepository.com/handle/10546/621049The dataset is available at https://www.sei.org/projects-and-tools/tools/emissions-inequality-dashboard
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      The poorest 50% barely increased their consumption emissions at all.
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      t is striking that the shares of emissions across income groups have remained essentially unchanged across the period
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      the total emissions added to the atmosphere since the mid-1800s approximately doubled.2Global GDP doubled in this period too, a
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      juncture – prioritizing yet more grossly unequal, carbon intensive economic growth to the benefit of the rich minority
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      in the service of increasing the consumption of the already affluent, rather than lifting people out of poverty.
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      It took about 140 years to use 750Gt of the global carbon budget, and just 25 years from 1990 to 2015 to use about the same again
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      Oxfamand SEI's research estimates how global carbon emissions are attributed to individuals who are the end consumers of goods and services for which the emissions were generated. See Box 2.
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      while the total growth in emissions of the richest 1% was three times that of the poorest 50%
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      The richest 1% (c.63 million people) alone were responsible for15% of cumulative emissions, and 9% of the carbon budget –twice as much as the poorest half of the world’s population
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      he richest 10% of the world’s population (c.630 million people) were responsible for 52% of the cumulative carbon emissions – depleting the global carbon budget by nearly a third (31%) in those 25 years alone
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      From 1990 to 2015, a
      

      HeinzWittenbrink 26 Dec 2020 in COS-OER

      This briefing describes new research that shows how extreme carbon inequality in recent decades has brought the world to the climate brink.
      
    1. Here I estimate the global inequality of individual greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions between 1990 and 2019 using a newly assembled dataset of income and wealth inequality, environmental input-output tables and a framework differentiating emissions from consumption and investments.
  8. Mar 2023
  9. Feb 2023
    1. Mit Total meldet ein weiterer Energiegigant Rekordgewinne. Sie gehen zu einem großen Teil auf den gestiegenen Gaspreis zurück. In erneuerbarer Energie. Total investiert nur einen kleinen Teil der Einnahmen in erneuerbare Energien. Wesentlich mehr Geld fließt in Dividenden und den Rückkauf von Aktien.

  10. Jan 2023
    1. Algerien profitiert vom Bedarf an Öl und Gas nach den Angriff auf die Ukraine und hat seine Einnahmen um 70% gesteigert. Die Regierung nutzt die Abhängigkeit des Westens aus, um die Repression gegen Journalist:innen und Opposition zu verschärfen. Algerien hat mir dem Bau einer zweiten Gaspipeline nach Sizilien beginnen und will in Zukunft 25 bis 35 Milliarden m<sup>3</sup> nach Italien und darüber an den Rest Europas liefern.

  11. Dec 2022
    1. In Deutschland scheitert der Ausbau der Windkraft nach wie vor an Vorschriften und an mangelndem Engagement von Landes-, aber auch Bundesbehörden. Die taz dokumentiert die aktuelle Lage ausführlich, unter anderem mit einer interaktiven Karte, die zeigt, wo Windkraftanlagen möglich wären. Sie hat dazu Claudia Kemfert und Thorsten Lenk von Agora Energiewende befragt.

  12. Nov 2022
    1. Der österreichische Energieverbrauch beträgt zirka 404 TWh (1 Terawattstunde = 1012 Wattstunden) und steigt jährlich um mehr als 2 %. Etwa 25 % davon stammen aus erneuerbaren Energiequellen. Eine grobe Betrachtung zeigt, dass etwa je ein Drittel des Energieverbrauchs auf Verkehr, Industrie und andere Verbraucher entfällt. Ein Anteil von etwa 60 TWh wird in der Form von elektrischer Energie verbraucht. Durch die günstigen natürlichen Gegebenheiten in Österreich können etwa 60 % davon aus Wasserkraft gewonnen werden. Auf Grund des stetig steigenden Verbrauchs und in geringerem Ausmaß wegen der Liberalisierung der Strommärkte erzeugt Österreich seit dem Ende der 90-er Jahre auch bei der Elektrizität nicht mehr selbst seinen Eigenbedarf. Im europäischen Vergleich hat Österreich - vor allem auf Grund der Wasserkraft - einen hohen Anteil an erneuerbarer Energie. In Europa erfolgt die Stromgewinnung zu etwa 85 % aus fossilen Rohstoffen sowie Kernenergie und zu 15 % aus erneuerbaren Quellen. Es ist also derzeit in allen Bereichen eine überwiegende Abhängigkeit von fossilen Energieträgern gegeben.
    1. What does 'passing an argument' mean in programming?You have a grinder that will grind anything that you pass on to her. You give her Rice. She grind it. You give her wheat. She grind it. You give her a Justin Bieber song CD. She grind it. She grinds every thing that you hand over to her. In programming, we create function that does the stuff we need. Say add, subtract, multiply or print the stuff that you pass on to it. Then we pass on stuff upon which the function will operate and return us the results. This process of passing the 'stuff' to be processed is referred to as passing an 'argument' in programming. Thank You.
    1. An argument is a way for you to provide more information to a function. The function can then use that information as it runs, like a variable. Said differently, when you create a function, you can pass in data in the form of an argument, also called a parameter.

      argument and parameter

  13. Sep 2022
  14. Apr 2022
  15. Jul 2021
  16. Jun 2021
    1. Same feature in TypeScript¶ It's worth mentioning that other languages have a shortcut for assignment var assignment directly from constructor parameters. So it seems especially painful that Ruby, despite being so beautifully elegant and succinct in other areas, still has no such shortcut for this. One of those other languages (CoffeeScript) is dead now, but TypeScript remains very much alive and allows you to write this (REPL): class Foo { constructor(public a:number, public b:number, private c:number) { } } instead of this boilerplate: class Foo { constructor(a, b, c) { this.a = a; this.b = b; this.c = c; } } (The public/private access modifiers actually disappear in the transpiled JavaScript code because it's only the TypeScript compiler that enforces those access modifiers, and it does so at compile time rather than at run time.) Further reading: https://www.typescriptlang.org/docs/handbook/2/classes.html#parameter-properties https://basarat.gitbook.io/typescript/future-javascript/classes#define-using-constructor https://kendaleiv.com/typescript-constructor-assignment-public-and-private-keywords/ I actually wouldn't mind being able to use public/private modifiers on instance var parameters in Ruby, too, but if we did, I would suggest making that be an additional optional shortcut (for defining accessor methods for those instance vars) that builds on top of the instance var assignment parameter syntax described here. (See more detailed proposal in #__.) Accessors are more of a secondary concern to me: we can already define accessors pretty succinctly with attr_accessor and friends. The bigger pain point that I'm much more interested in having a succinct shortcut for is instance var assignment in constructors. initialize(@a, @b, @c) syntax¶ jsc (Justin Collins) wrote in #note-12: jjyr (Jinyang Jiang) wrote: I am surprised this syntax has been repeatedly requested and rejected since 7 years ago. ... As someone who has been writing Ruby for over 10 years, this syntax is exactly that I would like. I grow really tired of writing def initialize(a, b, c) @a = a @b = b @c = c end This would be perfect: def initialize(@a, @b, @c) end I'm a little bit sad Matz is against this syntax, as it seems so natural to me. Me too!! I've been writing Ruby for over 15 years, and this syntax seems like the most obvious, simple, natural, clear, unsurprising, and Ruby-like. I believe it would be readily understood by any Rubyist without any explanation required. Even if you saw it for the first time, I can't think of any way you could miss or misinterpret its meaning: since @a is in the same position as a local variable a would normally be, it seems abundantly clear that instead of assigning to a local variable, we're just assigning to the variable @a instead and of course you can reference the @a variable in the constructor body, too, exactly the same as you could with a local variable a passed as an argument. A workaround pattern¶ In the meantime, I've taken to defining my constructor and list of public accessors (if any) like this: attr_reader \ :a, :b def new( a, b) @a, @b = a, b end ... which is still horrendously boilerplatey and ugly, and probably most of you will hate — but by lining up the duplicated symbols into a table of columns, I like that I can at least more easily see the ugly duplication and cross-check that I've spelled them all correctly and handled them all consistently. :shrug: Please??¶ Almost every time I write a new class in Ruby, I wish for this feature and wonder if we'll ever get it. Can we please?
  17. basarat.gitbook.io basarat.gitbook.io
    1. Having a member in a class and initializing it like below:class Foo { x: number; constructor(x:number) { this.x = x; }}is such a common pattern that TypeScript provides a shorthand where you can prefix the member with an access modifier and it is automatically declared on the class and copied from the constructor. So the previous example can be re-written as (notice public x:number):class Foo { constructor(public x:number) { }}
  18. Apr 2021
  19. Feb 2021
  20. Dec 2020
    1. In statistics, a population parameter is a number that describes something about an entire group or population.

      Descriptive statistics provides numbers to describe the population.

  21. Oct 2020
    1. const debounceFunc = debounce(1000, false, (num) => {    console.log('num:', num);}); // Can also be used like this, because atBegin is false by defaultconst debounceFunc = debounce(1000, (num) => {    console.log('num:', num);});
  22. Sep 2020
  23. Aug 2020
  24. Jul 2020
  25. Jun 2020
  26. Feb 2019
    1. Engineering Challenges
      • Communication 通常的存储都是kv,更新粒度是单个数值,但是ML算法通常的数据集类型是matrix,vector,tensor,更新的是part matrix或者vector,所以可以更进一步优化通信数据类型。

      • Fault tolerance