One of the key critiques of the study is that the researchers didn’t log in. That is to say that they could not experience the full impact of the algorithm as it impacts their findings.

There is created in the State treasury a special fund, which shall be held separate and apart from all other State moneys, to be known as the Cannabis Business Development Fund. The Cannabis Business Development Fund shall be exclusively used for the following purposes:        (1) to provide low-interest rate loans to Qualified      Social Equity Applicants to pay for ordinary and necessary expenses to start and operate a cannabis business establishment permitted by this Act;        (2) to provide grants to Qualified Social Equity     Applicants to pay for ordinary and necessary expenses to start and operate a cannabis business establishment permitted by this Act;        (3) to compensate the Department of Commerce and     Economic Opportunity for any costs related to the provision of low-interest loans and grants to Qualified Social Equity Applicants;         (4) to pay for outreach that may be provided or     targeted to attract and support Social Equity Applicants and Qualified Social Equity Applicants;        (5) (blank);         (6) to conduct any study or research concerning the     participation of minorities, women, veterans, or people with disabilities in the cannabis industry, including, without limitation, barriers to such individuals entering the industry as equity owners of cannabis business establishments;        (7) (blank); and        (8) to assist with job training and technical     assistance for residents in Disproportionately Impacted Areas.

"Social Equity Applicant" means an applicant that is an Illinois resident that meets one of the following criteria:        (1) an applicant with at least 51% ownership and     control by one or more individuals who have resided for at least 5 of the preceding 10 years in a Disproportionately Impacted Area;         (2) an applicant with at least 51% ownership and     control by one or more individuals who:             (i) have been arrested for, convicted of, or         adjudicated delinquent for any offense that is eligible for expungement under this Act; or             (ii) is a member of an impacted family;        (3) for applicants with a minimum of 10 full-time     employees, an applicant with at least 51% of current employees who:            (i) currently reside in a Disproportionately         Impacted Area; or            (ii) have been arrested for, convicted of, or         adjudicated delinquent for any offense that is eligible for expungement under this Act or member of an impacted family.

Sec. 7-30. Reporting. By January 1, 2021, and on January 1 of every year thereafter, or upon request by the Illinois Cannabis Regulation Oversight Officer, each cannabis business establishment licensed under this Act shall report to the Illinois Cannabis Regulation Oversight Officer, on a form to be provided by the Illinois Cannabis Regulation Oversight Officer, information that will allow it to assess the extent of diversity in the medical and adult use cannabis industry and methods for reducing or eliminating any identified barriers to entry, including access to capital. The information to be collected shall be designed to identify the following:        (1) the number and percentage of licenses provided to     Social Equity Applicants and to businesses owned by minorities, women, veterans, and people with disabilities;        (2) the total number and percentage of employees in     the cannabis industry who meet the criteria in (3)(i) or (3)(ii) in the definition of Social Equity Applicant or who are minorities, women, veterans, or people with disabilities;         (3) the total number and percentage of contractors     and subcontractors in the cannabis industry that meet the definition of a Social Equity Applicant or who are owned by minorities, women, veterans, or people with disabilities, if known to the cannabis business establishment; and        (4) recommendations on reducing or eliminating any     identified barriers to entry, including access to capital, in the cannabis industry.

 Sec. 7-25. Transfer of license awarded to Qualified Social Equity Applicant.     (a) In the event a Qualified Social Equity Applicant seeks to transfer, sell, or grant a cannabis business establishment license within 5 years after it was issued to a person or entity that does not qualify as a Social Equity Applicant, the transfer agreement shall require the new license holder to pay the Cannabis Business Development Fund an amount equal to:         (1) any fees that were waived by any State agency     based on the applicant's status as a Social Equity Applicant, if applicable;        (2) any outstanding amount owed by the Qualified     Social Equity Applicant for a loan through the Cannabis Business Development Fund, if applicable; and        (3) the full amount of any grants that the Qualified     Social Equity Applicant received from the Department of Commerce and Economic Opportunity, if applicable.     (b) Transfers of cannabis business establishment licenses awarded to a Social Equity Applicant are subject to all other provisions of this Act, the Compassionate Use of Medical Cannabis Program Act, and rules regarding transfers. (Source: P.A. 101-27, eff. 6-25-19; 101-593, eff. 12-4-19.)

And I am planning on cutting back on my personal use of social media (easier said than done) and want to try to return to using my blog more than Twitter for sharing.

Most of the convo, if any, seems to happen on the socials vs comments left on the blog these days.

By the numbers

Moving back to a focus on protocols over platforms can solve many of these problems.

Four databases of citizen science and crowdsourcing projects —  SciStarter, the Citizen Science Association (CSA), CitSci.org, and the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars (the Wilson Center Commons Lab) — are working on a common project metadata schema to support data sharing with the goal of maintaining accurate and up to date information about citizen science projects.  The federal government is joining this conversation with a cross-agency effort to promote citizen science and crowdsourcing as a tool to advance agency missions. Specifically, the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy (OSTP), in collaboration with the U.S. Federal Community of Practice for Citizen Science and Crowdsourcing (FCPCCS),is compiling an Open Innovation Toolkit containing resources for federal employees hoping to implement citizen science and crowdsourcing projects. Navigation through this toolkit will be facilitated in part through a system of metadata tags. In addition, the Open Innovation Toolkit will link to the Wilson Center’s database of federal citizen science and crowdsourcing projects.These groups became aware of their complementary efforts and the shared challenge of developing project metadata tags, which gave rise to the need of a workshop.  

Do the technical administrators have to be the same people doing the social organizing? I think the answer as of June 2019 is, sadly, yes. If you have 2 people with root access to the server and 2 people managing the community aspects, you'll end up with imbalances in that group of 4. You will end up with technical administrators who feel like code monkeys who never get the gratitude that the community organizers get, or you'll end up with community organizers who feel like glorified babysitters while the techies have all the real power. You might even end up with a situation where both are true. I think that if you're dedicated to this sort of project though, you could start with something like that 2 and 2, and then the techies could teach the organizers the technical skills, and the organizers could teach the techies the organizing skills.

Social solutions to social problems This document exists to lay out some general principles of running a small social network site that have worked for me. These principles are related to community building more than they are related to specific technologies. This is because the big problems with social network sites are not technical: the problems are social problems related to things like policy, values, and power.

Alexander Samuel reflects on tagging and its origins as a backbone to the social web. Along with RSS, tags allowed users to connect and collate content using such tools as feed readers. This all changed with the advent of social media and the algorithmically curated news feed.

Madison’s design has proved durable. But what would happen to American democracy if, one day in the early 21st century, a technology appeared that—over the course of a decade—changed several fundamental parameters of social and political life? What if this technology greatly increased the amount of “mutual animosity” and the speed at which outrage spread? Might we witness the political equivalent of buildings collapsing, birds falling from the sky, and the Earth moving closer to the sun?

Loading this iframe allows Facebook to know that this specific user is currently on your website. Facebook therefore knows about user browsing behaviour without user’s explicit consent. If more and more websites adopt Facebook SDK then Facebook would potentially have user’s full browsing history! And as with “With great power comes great responsibility”, it’s part of our job as developers to protect users privacy even when they don’t ask for.

Training and Development Policy Wiki

Advantages of Online Professional Development

Section 1.3 Theories of Education and the Online Environment

E-Learning Theory (Mayer, Sweller, Moreno)

Learning Domains

Tech Literacy Resources

Using Technology to Help First-Gen Students

Units of analysis, then, are those things we examine in arder to create summary descriptions of ali such units and to explain differences among them

Units of Analysis

A given variable can sornetimes be measured at different levels. When in doubt, researchers should use the highest leve! of rneasurement ap-propriate to that variable so they can capture the greatest amount of information.

The Importance of Variable Names

Conceptions, Concepts, and Reality

Checklist: Theoretical Framework

Concepts often have multiple definitions, so the theoretical framework involves clearly defining what you mean by each term

In your thesis or dissertation, the theoretical framework is where you define, discuss and evaluate theories relevant to your research problem.

Sample theoretical framework

Conceptualization is the process of specifying observations and measurements that give concepts definite meaning for the purposes of a research study.

Concepts are constructs; they represent the agreed-on meanings we assign to terms

Concepts are mental irnages we use as sumrnary devices for bringing together observations and experiences that seem to have something in corn-mon. We use terms or labels to reference these concepts

Conceptualization, Operationalization, and Measurement

Research Design

The theoretical framework: what and how?

When these signals are intercepted, collected, co-opted, or stolen, they have the potential to confuse, weaken, or compromise an individual or initiative.

Differential Effects of Capital-Enhancing and Recreational Internet Use on Citizens’ Demand for Democracy

Is internet freedom a tool for democracy or authoritarianism?

Liberal and Conservative Representations of the Good Society: A (Social) Structural Topic Modeling Approach

It is generally agreed that literature surveys and descriptive compilations do not meet the contribution-to-knowledge re-quirement for the dissertation

Positivist versus postpositivist.

Experimental versus descriptive.

Quantitative versus qualitative.

NEW OR IMPROVED ANALYSIS Analysis may be based on existing evidence or include new data.

The evidence may be collected by an experiment, simulation, observations, questionnaire, interviews, or measurements.

The additive contribution of a dissertation may arise from 1. new or improved evidence; 2. new or improved methodology; 3. new or improved analysis; 4. new or improved concepts or theories.

The dissertation should be based on a significant question, problem, or hypothesis.

Different approaches to testing of important results. If a researcher has reported interesting results with one research technique and a given research population, a doctoral student may consider replicating the experiment, altering either the research technique or the research population.

Writers of disserta-tions commonly describe further research that needs to be done.

If there is likely to be a continuing interest, either academically or otherwise on the topic, then a student can continué to maintin scholarly capability in the área and continué to be a significant authority on the subject.

A research project will typicaliy have more than one potential outcome. For example, a research experiment may fail to dis-prove the nuil hypothesis, it may disprove it, or it may be incon-clusive.

The exploratory investigation, definition of problem, and writing normally take about half of the total time.

If no theory base can be identified, the topic should be rejected

Observations lead to theory to classify, explain, and predict the observations.

Research needed and interesting

In reading dissertations, the student should begin to formúlate a general understanding of the structure and scope of a disserta-tion, and the meaning of contribution to knowledge as applied to doctoral dissertations.

The Selection of a Dissertation Topic

The first is the way the natural scientific community operates.

Especially in situations of shared powerlessness, it can be perceived as safer to hide one's views and do nothing if it goes against the status quo.

new data provided by the Department of Human Services showed that almost half of all pension applications received last year were not processed within the timeframe set out in their Key Performance Measure standards

. To summarize: Your aim is to explain 1. what you are writing about —I am working on the topic of... 2. what you don't know about it—because / want tofind out... 3. why you want your reader to know and care about it—m order to help my reader understand better...

add a second indirect question that explains why you asked your first question.

When you add that because I want tofind out how/why/whether clause, you state why you are pursuing your topic: to answer a question important to you.

because I want to find out who/what/when/where/whether/ why/how .

start by naming your project:

SO WHAT?

If you are an experienced researcher, look for questions that other researchers ask but don't answer.

How does your topic fit into the context of a larger structure or function as part of a larger system?

Ask about the History of Your Topic

So the best way to begin working on your focused topic is not to find all the information you can on it, but to formúlate questions that direct you to just that information you need to answer them

If a writer asks no specific question worth asking, he can offer no specific answer worth supporting.

Caution: Don't narrow your topic so much that you can't find information on it

We narrowed those topics by adding words and phrases, but of a special kind: conflict, description, contribution, and developing. Those nouns are derived from verbs expressing actions or relation-ships: to conflict, to describe, to contribute, and to develop. Lacking such "action" words, your topic is a .static thing.

A topic is probably too broad if you can state it in four or five words

Few experi-enced researchers trust Wikipedia, so under no circumstances cite it as a source of evidence (unless your topic is Wikipedia itself).

Google your topic,

Once you have a list of topics, choose the one or two that inter-est you most and explore their research potential. Do this:

Start by listing as many interests as you can that you'd like to explore.

But also ask yourself: What interests me about this tapie? What would interest others?

Some questions raise problems; others do not.

But other questions may intrigue only the researcher:

A subject is a broad área of knowledge (e.g., climate change), while a topic is a specific interest within that área (e.g., the effect of climate change on migratory birds).

As you begin a research project, you will want to distinguish a topic from a sub-ject.

From Topics to Questions

On social media, we are at the mercy of the platform. It crops our images the way it wants to. It puts our posts in the same, uniform grids. We are yet another profile contained in a platform with a million others, pushed around by the changing tides of a company's whims. Algorithms determine where our posts show up in people’s feeds and in what order, how someone swipes through our photos, where we can and can’t post a link. The company decides whether we're in violation of privacy laws for sharing content we created ourselves. It can ban or shut us down without notice or explanation. On social media, we are not in control.

I feel by far less distracted. My attention span feels more robust than it ever has. I also clocked in at 1000 consecutive days of meditation this past year so I’m not sure which can lay claim to more of these benefits, but my hunch is that getting rid of social media helped.

Running a small social network is like hosting a party. It requires social intelligence, empathy, and yes, technical skills.

Social justice education does not merely examine difference or diversity but pays careful attention to the systems of power and privilege that give rise to social inequality, and encourages students to critically examine oppression on institutional, cultural, and individual levels in search of opportunities for social action in the service of social change.

include student empowerment, the equitable distribution of resources and social responsibility, and her processes to include democracy, a student-centered focus, dialogue, and an analysis of power.

As such, we can read Yelp and similar review sites as curated collections of texts that provide annotators.d-undefined, .lh-undefined { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2) !important; }.d-undefined, .lh-undefined { background-color: rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.5) !important; }2Troy Hicks, Maha Bali with a public and networked opportunity to express their truth and author counternarratives.

notes are tediously authored for the profit of multinational corporations.

There are important differences between social imaginaryand social theory. I adopt the term imaginary (i) because myfocus is on the way ordinary people ‘‘imagine’’ their socialsurroundings, and this is often not expressed in theoreticalterms, but is carried in images, stories, and legends. It is alsothe case that (ii) theory is often the possession of a small mi-nority, whereas what is interesting in the social imaginary isthat it is shared by large groups of people, if not the wholesociety.Which leads to a third difference: (iii) the social imagi-nary is that common understanding that makes possible com-mon practices and a widely shared sense of legitimacy.

So the solution for the U.S.’s relatively high poverty rate will probably rely little on personal responsibility and moral rectitude. Instead, the U.S. should look to European countries, or to Australia and Canada, for ideas on how to reduce poverty. There’s just no substitute for a strong social safety net.

Another solution might be to limit on the number of times a tweet can be retweeted.

some parenting styles or early trauma, which can impair social and mental development, can contribute to creating the school bully. How about reaching out and asking the bully?

The initial promise of Web 2.0—that gatekeepers have their power reduced and that “ordinary” users can make media—is still true, even for for-profit firms such as Facebook and Twitter.

In the years between 2004 and 2012, many media critics proclaimed a promising new mediascape of democratic production and thus democratic organization (Benkler, 2006; Bruns, 2008; Shirky, 2009)—precisely what alternative media theorists had been calling for in previous decades.

I believe there is a place for public comments, but the amount of energy required to nurture a positive community is beyond the means or desires of most institutions. And so most comment sections simply don’t provide a healthy place for conversation.

To put our toxic relationship with Big Tech into perspective, critics have compared social media to a lot of bad things. Tobacco. Crystal meth. Pollution. Cars before seat belts. Chemicals before Superfund sites. But the most enduring metaphor is junk food: convenient but empty; engineered to be addictive; makes humans unhealthy and corporations rich.

So this is where some older paths-not-taken, such as Ted Nelson’s original many-to-many, multidirectional model for hypertext, and some more recent potential paths, such as Herbert van de Sompel’s decentralized, distributed vision for scholarly communication, might come in.

Ah, Jane, I take your place now, and you must go lower, because I am a married woman

— shire

breakfast-room

carriage was sent to meet them at — , and they were to return in it by dinner-time.

thousand pounds

She sat intently at work

Here, Sarah, come to Miss Bennet this moment, and help her on with her gown. Never mind Miss Lizzy’s hair.”

dressing-room

He is gone to my father already

a letter to write

sash

“ungovernable” spaces

alternate forms of governance and coercion

proliferation of organized crime

poverty

overcrowding

Feral Cities

Mega Slums

Large concentrated populations create very large vulnerabilities.

greater opportunities for terrorists and other non-state actors

Asymmetric Disruption and Destruction

greater collaboration and information sharing between and among the various agencies tasked with the defense and security of the nation and the vast majority of the population

power shifts to municipal/local rather than national government

hallenge to the Legitimacy of Traditional Defense and Security Forces

humanitarian, defense and security challenges

non-state actors such as terrorists and revolutionaries

Defense organizations will also be challenged

higher level of interagency information-sharing and collaboration

Providing adequate police and security for these areas will be costly

growth of radicalization and alternative governance structures

outpacegovernments ability to provide basicservices

explosion in urbanization

Megaprojects

aggregate power will rival

megacities grow

cloud technology, mobile devices, data analytics, and social networks to automate and connect city departments and promote eco-friendly practices

Smart Cities

150 cities strategy

massive investments in smart infrastructure

in emerging economies, new cities will rise rapidly

In developed economies and older cities in the developing world, infrastructure will be strained to the utmost— and beyond—as populations expand

Large scale migrations from rural areas

growth in urban population will likely take place in Asia and Africa

By 2050, the world’s urban population will have increased by some 44%

By 2015, the United Nations (UN) estimated that there would be 22 mega-cities—those with populations of 10 million or more

by 2030, the UN projects that some 4.9 billion people will be urban dwellers.

curricle

livery

Her teeth are tolerable

— — shire

les plantes sont extraordinaires. Elles ne peuvent pas se déplacer. Quand tu as des racines, tous ceux qui sont autour de toi sont fondamentaux.

all meeting frequently at St. James’s

properly sanctioned

three or four hundred a year

barouche-box

Netherfield ball

Daughters are never of so much consequence to a father.

Miss De Bourgh exerted herself so far as to curtsey and hold out her hand to both

I may suffer from the want of money. Younger sons cannot marry where they like.”

but fifteen

The envelope itself was likewise full.

inferiority of your connexions? — to congratulate myself on the hope of relations, whose condition in life is so decidedly beneath my own?”

executors of my father’s will

Chile has developed from 1990 to date, a considerable decrease in poverty rates, which fell from 40.5% in 1990 to 8.5% in 2015.

Between 1990 and 2016, copper mining provided on average of 7.8% of tax revenue for Chile

A barren, leached cap,

the government reported the discovery of large gold deposits in Lege Dimbi, also in Sidamo.

Due to its electrical conductivity, copper is used in electronics, cars, and wires. This makes copper critical for highly developed countries.

Codelco is a state-owned Chilean mining company and the world’s largest copper producer. Based on their annual report and USGS statistics, they produced ~10% of the world’s copper in 2015 and own 8% of global reserves. They are also a large producer of greenhouse gas emissions. Last year, Codelco produced 3,2 t CO2e/millions tmf from both indirect and direct effects, and in 2011 it consumed 12% of the total national electricity supply.

Copper is a key driver of growth and economic wealth for Chile.

What can Codelco do, then? In addition to cost cutting, Codelco could consider entering the recycling copper industry, as energy prices are driving “virgin” copper costs up.

copper mining significantly contributes to climate change.