In our modern world, technology is naturally a driving force behind learning and the development of curricula. To achieve better results from learners, today’s educators are increasingly utilizing cutting-edge digital tools and strategies in their teaching methods. Gamification for learning is one of these strategies used increasingly by teachers around the world.  Using gamified elements can positively impact student engagement and collaboration, allowing them to learn more efficiently as a result.

Gamification is the process of using game elements in a non-game context. It has many advantages over traditional learning approaches, including: Increasing learner motivation levels Improving knowledge retention Better learner engagement through social mechanisms like badges, points, or leaderboards

t is not true that leaving finance to the market will arrange everything well, as the past 40 years have shown. The market systemically misprices things by way of improper discounting of the future, false externalities and many other predatory miscalculations, which have led to gross inequality and biosphere destruction. And yet right now it’s the way of the world, the law of the land. Capital invests in the highest rate of return, that’s what the market requires.

On the other hand, BigCommerce’s high learning curve has drawn criticism for frequently discouraging small firms or those just starting in e-commerce. Shopify is the ideal choice for organizations looking for simplicity and economy.

Cathy and wife Brie, are affected by his injury and how they perform a disruptive reiteration of military masculinity through their care for him.

ement simultaneously targets and reinforces military authority, with masculine privilege producing hierarchies within experiences, truth claims, and dissenting subjecthoods. The article suggests that women's dissenting subjecthood is produced out of relational invocations of military masculinity, which limits their dissenting capacity and reinforces gendered relations of power.

the challenge is for men to become personally and collectively reflective about masculine privilege without taking the lead in activism or intellectual discussions. The goal is to achieve a mutually understood analysis and a truly respectful partnership between women and men in peace movements, with a feminist analysis of violence and war being understood and accepted.

tini is pretty minimal overhead and widely used, so why not use --init most of the time?

For more details see this github comment which answers the "why?" question from the creator of tini.

When to use an init

the book I tell the story of Five addicts um one is a heroin addict one's a meth addict one was addicted to pharmaceutical uh opiates um the fourth one was a British man who was an alcoholic very serious alcoholic and the fifth one was an eating disordered person

why is it so hard to stop and there's three points

ohnson & Johnson eventually succeeded in getting the DEA to exempt thebaine, a key ingredient in OxyContin, from the 80-20 rule. This change allowed for a significant increase in the importation of CPS-thebaine from Australia, which contributed to the expansion of the opioid supply and the subsequent crisis.

Reagan-era budgets proved so crippling for the FDA that the need for new personnel grew urgent

these changes tend to be less severe if the initial investigator who approved the drug enjoyed long tenure at the FDA.

The FDA's revolving door policy, where officials move from the agency to industry jobs, has created conflicts of interest. A study found that 11 of 16 FDA medical examiners who worked on 28 drug approvals and then left the agency for new jobs are now employed by or consult for the companies they recently regulated.

allowing the pharmaceutical industry to wield significant control over political decisions that affect them.

The expansion of the opioid supply was facilitated by the privatization of poppy fields. The US relies on imports of narcotic raw material, mainly from Turkey and India, to produce legal opioids. Johnson & Johnson, one of the certified importers, sought to change the regulations to allow for more imports from Australia, which would give them a competitive advantage. In the 1990s, Johnson & Johnson lobbied to undermine the "80-20" rule, which stipulated that at least 80% of the narcotic raw material imported into the US had to come from Turkey and India.

failure to require Purdue to demonstrate the efficacy of opioids in treating chronic pain. The agency presumed that the drug was safe and effective based on prior approvals of oxycodone formulations, and the only question was whether the slow-release technology presented a competitive advantage over other similar drugs. The FDA's decision to approve OxyContin has been criticized for its lack of rigor and its failure to consider the long-term risks of opioid use.

The FDA approved the slow-release technology based on this lone citation, which then provided the basis for Purdue's marketing claim that OxyContin presented less of a risk of cultivating opioid dependence.

n the 1950s, the FDA partnered with the pharmaceutical industry, and drug makers benefited from the agency's regime of pre-market approval, which enhanced the prestige of their products. However, the industry also began to criticize the FDA for impinging on individual prerogatives and for being overly bureaucratic. In the 1960s, the Kefauver-Harris Amendments required drug manufacturers to satisfy a more stringent criterion of drug efficacy, leading to complaints from corporate executives about onerous bureaucratic procedures. The deregulation of the FDA gained momentum in the 1980s under President Ronald Reagan, who pursued a systematic approach to deregulation, including editorializing against the agency's authority and depriving it of funds. The Prescription Drug User Fee Act of 1992, supported by President George H.W. Bush and Senator Orrin Hatch, allowed the pharmaceutical industry to pay fees for new drug applications, which went towards hiring new medical examiners and expediting the review process. This act was presented as a way to supply the beleaguered agency with new funds, but it also raised concerns about the industry's influence over the FDA. Under President Bill Clinton, the FDA continued to regard the pharmaceutical industry as "partners, not adversaries," leading to concerns about overprescribing and oversupply. The User Fee Act was initially seen as a success, but it eventually led to the approval of dangerous drugs, highlighting the dangers of the FDA's close relationship with the industry.

Neoliberalism, a conservative philosophy of governance, promoted deregulation and privatization, which enabled the pharmaceutical industry to expand its reach and influence. The FDA and other government agencies failed to regulate the industry effectively, allowing companies like Purdue Pharma to push their products aggressively and ignoring reports of abuse.

Arthur Sackler became a publisher, starting a biweekly newspaper, the Medical Tribune, which eventually reached six hundred thousand physicians. He scoffed at suggestions that there was a conflict of interest between his roles as the head of a pharmaceutical-advertising company and the publisher of a periodical for doctors

rug, hiring Rudolph Giuliani and Bernard Kerik to preempt any government crackdown

The drug's success can be attributed partly to the fact that many doctors wanted to believe in the therapeutic benefits of opioids.

doctors and learned that the "biggest negative" that might prevent widespread use of the drug was ingrained concern regarding the "abuse potential" of opioids. However, some physicians began arguing that American medicine should reexamine this bias,

<Image /> and <Picture /> components are unavailable in .md files.

Autolinks do not work in MDX. The reason is that they can be indistinguishable from JSX (for example: <svg:rect>) and we prefer being explicit. If you want links, use full links: [descriptive text](https://and-the-link-here.com)

The reason for that is so you can nicely indent your components:

what's more important from the perspective of a software architect is why a particular implementation or approach was chosen over its alternatives. A common way to document decisions like this is to use architecture decision records, ideally stored in source control with or near the application(s) impacted by the decision.

Why is more important than how

Private militias have provided criminal groups with greater mobility and fighting power, enabling them to engage in large-scale violence and seek control of criminal markets and territories beyond their home towns. The Mexican case highlights the need for democratic elites to reform authoritarian judicial and security institutions and to punish state agents who protected organized crime, in order to prevent the intertwining of democratic politics and the criminal underworld.

The spread of subnational party alternation in states with drug trafficking routes and the proliferation of private militias led to the outbreak of intercartel wars. The development of private militias allowed cartels to contest their rivals' control over drug trafficking territories, leading to largescale criminal violence.

political alternation and the rotation of parties in state gubernatorial power undermined the informal networks of protection that had facilitated the cartels' operations under one-party rule. Without protection, cartels created their own private militias to defend themselves from rival groups and incoming opposition authorities.

The power dynamics shifted when the Colombians began paying Mexican traffickers in product rather than cash, allowing the Mexicans to invest in their own drugs. This led to Mexican gangs controlling 90% of the cocaine entering the United States, worth an estimated $70 billion a year.

The Zetas' business model was based on imposing protection fees on businesses, including illegal activities such as drug trafficking, and licit businesses such as farming and shopkeeping. Those who refused to pay were killed or threatened with violence. This led to a culture of fear and intimidation, where businesses were forced to pay protection fees to avoid violence. The violence in Mexico was further fueled by the struggle between powerful groups for control of drug protection rackets and the pursuit of aggressive counternarcotics policing. This led to a cycle of violence, where struggles between rival groups sparked aggressive policing, and aggressive policing generated increasing struggles between rival groups.

The sale of drugs was no longer limited to tourist areas and border cities, but spread to small towns and rural areas. This led to an increase in violence as local drug gangs fought over control of drug-selling areas.

In Mexico, drug traffickers began selling drugs in bulk to the domestic market, leading to an increase in drug use and addiction.

The violence in Mexico escalated due to several factors, including changes in American narcotics demands, the gun market, and criminal practices in Mexico. The availability of guns increased after the ban on semiautomatic assault weapons was lifted in 2004, leading to a global boom in gun manufacture and sales.

New organizations emerged, armed with high-caliber weapons and prepacked political creeds and religious messages. The Familia Michoacana, a Sinaloa-linked group, tossed the heads of five Zetas into a Michoacán bar, declaring that they did not kill for money, but for divine justice. The conflict continued to spread throughout Mexico, with cartels fighting each other, and soldiers and police often caught in the middle.

extort small-time smugglers, torturing and killing those who refused to pay.

In the mid-1990s, the Gulf Cartel recruited members of the Mexican army special forces, known as the Zetas, leading to an increase in violence connected to the drug trade.

Ethnic Studies came out of struggle and for the past five decades our discipline has always been in a place of contention, so whatever iteration of hate or misjudgement is not new.

The Medellín cartel, formed by Lehder, the Ochoa brothers, and others, dominated the cocaine trade in the 1980s.

When we think about why it happened, my assessment is the financial crisis, the Wall Street bailout really catapulted a lot of energy and a lot of outrage because the banks got bailed out, a lot of people -- millions of people -- lost their jobs, their homes, their savings, and not a single CEO of any big Wall Street bank went to jail, and people were outraged.

he is the most powerful person in the world himself he is the elite of all Elites so this elitist cabal if there were one he'd be a part of it right and and that's what breaks down their framework If there really were this deep state globalist cabal

This was happening at a time when factory jobs were disappearing, and crack dealing looked like a better option.

However, crack was addictive, and its impact on black neighborhoods was devastating.

The abundance of raw cocaine from Colombia and the establishment of a link between Colombian cartels and inner-city crack merchants led to a devastating crack boom.

The crack trade was a fast-paced business that required a 24/7 operation to make big money.

The crack business model was different from powder cocaine sales, with customers needing constant access to dealers to buy small quantities of crack to get high for short periods.

Crack was a global business, with cocaine coming from South America and being distributed through international networks. However, it was disproportionately low-income African Americans who sold and used crack at the local level. The drug was cheap, accessible, and offered a quick escape from the hardships of daily life.

He argued that the criminalization of marijuana use taught people disrespect for the law and the courts.

Many committed residents of districts like Haight-Ashbury, Chicago's Old Town, and Manhattan's Lower East Side helped keep the experiment up and running by selling illegal drugs, which gave them the economic means to pursue their new way of life.

he Diggers, a group of "Life-Actors," used LSD as a tool to "deschool" themselves and challenge traditional norms. They organized events like free food giveaways and used spectacle and pageantry to create a sense of community and possibility.

Stephen Gaskin, LSD was a way to experience a lived sense of collective harmony, where individuals could transcend their individuality and become one with the universe. Others, like Allen Cohen, saw LSD as a "rocket engine" that could speed up social and creative change by opening up new pathways to mystical and creative insights.

hey believed that LSD could be a tool for creating a communal youth consciousness and achieving a group identity. For some, dropping acid pointed them toward political struggle and social change.

The use of LSD, in particular, was a "resource" that enabled people to reinterpret and mobilize cultural schemata in new ways.

between Leary's promotion of LSD and his criminal behavior forged a strong illustrative bond between the two activities.

We wanna get down in a sense to the foundational state of mind, a most fundamental form of mind, and that occurs at death.

I think the Paleolithic ethical framework is simply—I mean, the hunter-gatherers—having no separation between themselves, no radical distinction between human and nonhuman—thought everything else was kindred. Literally, they thought if you went out to hunt and you’re hunting a deer, the deer is your sister or your brother, or maybe your ancestor, or maybe, more precisely, past/future forms of yourself. Because I think the ethic was you hunted with sort of prayers and sacrifice and humility. You’re asking a deer—a brother or a sister or an ancestor—to give its life for you.

aming wartime rape in this way thus promises change and emancipation along a sure teleological trajectory, which meets the urgency that our newly acquired awareness of rape as ‘planned and orchestrated as a tactic of war’

The researchers found that the soldiers' accounts of rape did not fit with the dominant "Rape as a Weapon of War" frame, and instead, they spoke about rationales for rape that did not coincide with strategic purposes.

his discourse frames rape as a strategic and systematic tactic used to achieve military and political goals, rather than as a result of individual deviance or sexual desire.

military is a key institution where boys and men learn to embody a particular form of masculinity that celebrates violence, order, and domination. This process involves the breaking down of the civilian identity and the building up of a macho soldier identity, which is associated with heterosexual masculinity. In contrast, women and femininity are stereotypically associated with peacefulness, life-giving, and a need for protection. This dichotomy renders women and girls vulnerable to rape in conflict and post-conflict settings. Rape is often used as a weapon of war to punish, humiliate, or torture women who are perceived as challenging traditional notions of femininity and masculinity. It is also used to destroy the fabric of society by targeting women who are seen as bearers of ethno-national identity. The rape of "enemy" women is a way to feminize and humiliate the enemy, and it is often used as a means to destroy the enemy's sense of masculinity and identity.

sexual violence is framed in the global policy debate, with rape now understood as a strategy or tactic of war that can be prevented or limited.

These arrests often involved Asian and African men selling to white girls, reflecting Britain's racial and colonial relationships. The interwar years saw a shift in drug use, from medical or iatrogenic addiction to hedonistic drug use.

Aleister Crowley's network was the closest to the 1960s counterculture,

During World War II, there was a significant increase in the number of Chinese sailors coming to Britain, many of whom were opium smokers. This led to concerns about the spread of opium smoking, and there were attempts to set up a clinic to treat Chinese sailors.

concerned about the mixing of Chinese and native British populations, and the potential spread of opium smoking to the local population.

The practice was tolerated by some London magistrates, who viewed it as a cultural tradition rather than a criminal activity.

widespread practice among the Chinese population in Britain, particularly among seafarers.

development of drug cultures, including bohemian groups that consumed cocaine and other drugs in nightclubs and private parties.

The British System, which allowed doctors to prescribe heroin, morphine, and cocaine to addicts, was established in the 1920s, but it did not eliminate the drug trade.

Most people in America today (85–90%) agree on most issues and topics (85–90%). The so-called polarization is the result of a media landscape that amplifies the voices of the 10–15% that keep constantly talking about the 10–15% of topics on which people are not on the same page.

Status quoism: more of the same, capitalism & democracy as we know it

what the defeat of Harris shows about the US is this people like everywhere else want a real alternative to business as usual and if there is no authentic left option people vote for a fascist instead it's happened again and again in history

why did the Clinton Administration and the Bush Administration after that were so gangho about trading with China why did they not start the new Cold War against China in the 1990s in the year 2000 in 2004 2005 200 8 why was it only around 2014 that this establishment decided to unleash the war against China

lower-class social origins

“I anticipated some time ago that in [the] event of our securing Federal control of the sale and distribution of morphine and cocaine, the fiends would turn to Indian hemp, and for that reason incorporated that drug in the proposed act for the control of the interstate traffic in narcotics.”

Cannabis is rather an unimportant drug and that we have given undue attention to the whole subject of Cannabis

n the US, cannabis was initially seen as a potentially effective medicine, psychiatric tool, and stimulant for extraordinary visions and experiences.

The drug's reputation as a "killer weed" was likely influenced by Mexican ideas about marijuana, which associated it with violence, madness, and crime.

anti-marijuana laws followed this pattern, state by state, as a result of anti-Mexican sentiment.

stereotype of the marijuana user in Mexico was that of a dangerous, unpredictable madman,

"Mexican hypothesis" suggests that Mexican migrant workers brought marijuana to the US in the early 20th century, leading to its prohibition due to racial prejudice

In Mexico, the war on drugs was closely tied to US-Mexican relations, with the US exerting significant influence over Mexican drug policy. The Mexican government's efforts to prohibit drugs were often unsuccessful, and the country's drug trade continued to thrive

The United States, driven by domestic and foreign policy considerations, led the movement to codify international standards. The US experience in the Philippines and the lessons learned from the Chinese opium story led to the conclusion that only a system that restricted both supply and demand could be effective. The Hague Convention's Article 13 allowed the US to exert pressure on Latin American countries to adhere to international drug control standards, which ironically became a tool of imperialism.

This led to the emergence of a larger hemispheric network that linked Andean coca peasants to chemists, smugglers, and users in the United States and elsewhere. By the 1960s, agents of the U.S. Federal Bureau of Narcotics reported on recipes for coca paste, cocaine sulfates, and crude cocaine, which were refined in labs in Havana and later Colombia.

I like to use the term sacred because it because it's the whole stack every floor is sacred right now

growing up work well that's got about taking more responsibility developing more M mature perspectives on the world and taking a greater degree of um responsibility for our planet

Then there are, for example, in the United States, you have to do a a lot more scrutiny of dollars you receive because they don't get taxed.

Fleeting notes

At first it is a mistake to think of anything elseexcept the mere jotting down of Ideas. The Ideas shouldbe jotted down, each on its own Card, and the Sub-Headings should be jotted down on their own Cards,a little way 'inland5. Afterwards there will be timeenough to subdivide the topics, and to re-arrange them ;but at the beginning you must concentrate your atten-tion on the Collection of Ideas, and must not think atall about the Arrangement.

I often noticed that most Candidates inExaminations used to begin to write their Essays atonce. They never realised that their minds were there-by being distracted and divided among many differentprocesses, each of which is particularly hard even whentaken alone. For all at once their minds are being-called upon to Collect Ideas, to Select and decide whichare important, etc., to Arrange the Selected Ideas, andto Express them. To try all this as a single action is" most extraordinarily unscientific, even if a few brilliantgeniuses here and there have succeeded in the attempt.

Derailed climate action: Mr. Trump will almost certainly withdraw again from the 2015Paris Climate Agreement, dismantle domestic climate and environmental regulations(particularly those seen to hamper the fossil fuel industry), and actively oppose atransition to green energy.

If Zettelkasten is the solution, what was the underlying problem?

Beyond the cards mentioned above, you should also capture any hard-to-classify thoughts, questions, and areas for further inquiry on separate cards. Regularly go through these to make sure that you are covering everything and that you don’t forget something.I consider these insurance cards because they won’t get lost in some notebook or scrap of paper, or email to oneself.

St Columba Columba (521-597), known as Colm Cille in Ireland, went to the west coast of Scotland and to the island of Iona to do penance and escape from the blood spilled in his family battles at home in Ireland.

That desire for a “digital detox” is frequently brought up amongst typewriter aficionados—it’s an escape from pop-up ads, spyware, AI-generated content, doomscrolling, deepfakes, obnoxious comments sections, and all the other headaches that hit you at Internet speed. A piece of paper in a typewriter, on the other hand, is a simpler connection of your thoughts tapped out letter by letter, mistakes and all.

GPL "infects" other parts of a system to combat a work-around which was used to violate the software freedom of the user, by firewalling sections of GPL'ed code from the rest of the system.

A justice approach, by contrast, requires at least boundaries that minimise significant harm to human health and wellbeing and to other species (panel 2) while ensuring access to necessary resources and services.

Street was not satisfied with an autonomous model of literacy and proposed instead an ideological model.

My long term vision for Falcon is to make a web application platform which trivializes server deployment. Ideally, a web application can fully describe all its components: HTTP servers, databases, periodic jobs, background jobs, remote management, etc. Currently, it is not uncommon for all these facets to be handled independently in platform specific ways. This can make it difficult to set up new instances as well as make changes to underlying infrastructure. I hope Falcon can address some of these issues in a platform agnostic way.

earth

Michael: Pam, I have ideas on a daily basis. I know I do. I have a clear memory of telling people my ideas. Um, is there any chance you wrote any of my ideas down? In a folder? A "Michael-idea" folder?Pam: Sorry.Michael: That's unfortunate. How 'bout the suggestion box? There's tons of ideas in there.

The typewriter is a Corona made in 1926.  I came across it in a yard sale and, having no real use for an old typewriter, I bought it anyway!

DARPA is incredibly flexible with who it hires to be program managers. 

this is one reason why we forget stuff it is not a like like something that that is telling us that our brains bad but on the other hand the brain is using active forgetting in order to make the most important information the more precise and more pronounced

Avram Lincoln said I don't like this man I have to get to know him better because getting other people into your perspective

The UN and its many parts and agencies – from UNICEF to the Universal Postal Union – answer not to humanity nor the world, but the nations that united to join it.

book that's sort of making its rounds in the climate World these days um by this author Brett Christopher I foret what it's called 00:31:25 um oh what is it called oh the price is wrong yeah about how Renewables yeah they're cheaper than ever which people always point at those graphs but just because of the way that you know utilities are set up and the energy system works they're not profitable and 00:31:38 they won't be in the near term

the question is why are the mitochondria not doing their job why is the self not responding to insulin 00:05:34 that's the issue different tissues different reasons but the main one is the liver

Success histories? 4 years into Zettelkasten and not being fruitful

I certainly think 00:05:50 it's our symbolic abilities that have gotten us here tremendous capacities

we're going to hit some very very hard limits to growth um and yet it's almost like we can't find the language for it

we're disconnected from the physical 00:04:07 world at the same time as being intricately and desperately connected

why is the world in crisis

Although many projects and ideas share Elinor Ostrom's personal, cooperative and Earth-helping significance, they lack the chain reaction that keeps them going.

Explicit health checks are not added to official images for a number of reasons, some of which include:

Isn't a simple go get github.com/mayflower/docker-ls/cli/... sufficient, you ask? Indeed it is, but including the generate step detailed above will encode verbose version information in the binaries.

the United States was suppressing Democratic movements around the world because if an authoritarian if a communist can win an 00:13:59 election fairly one time that's the end of free and fair elections

what Trump cares about is polling numbers and uh supporting Russia is a losing issue here in America when you look at polls for Americans do you 00:08:53 support additional military aid for Ukraine it's consistently above 60% so Trump flipped on Russia support for this Aid Bill to relieve the political 00:09:05 pressure

We believe that thelack of a business model that can incentivize ‘genuine’ peer-to-peer applications and the lackof suitable architectural foundations for such applications are the culprit

When people ask Ruefle why she wastes time with the erasures, she has one of the greatest responses I’ve ever heard: “Because it’s fun and I love it. That’s why.”

A few moment's reflection will showus that if our pieces are too large, we shall not have the same•opportunity of building up. The process of summarising orbuilding up is in fact restricted by the size of the pieces,generally speaking the smaller the pieces the better the chanceto build up. Too large pieces will preclude us altogetherfrom reporting on smaller subjects.

Since a smaller number can be more easily 29of numbers controlled than a larger one, the aim of or-ganisation obviously is to reduce the numbersto a manageable compass so as to assure adequate control.That is done by dividing the numbers off into groups, depart-ments, classes etc. Thus we may have classes of materials,labour etc, or we may have classes of kinds of materials,labour etc, according to the nature of our business and theextent of our organisation. These classes provide us with thefoundation, the fixed points on which our organisation can bebuilt up.Classification — the mapping out of the various classes— is there- 30fore a subject of the greatest importance in all organisationwork.

Organisation may be called the science of the 27numbers simultaneous control of numbers. Organisa-tion whether small or large, is the directconsequence of numbers and the greater the numbers, the moreneed for organisation. Numbers compel us to organise, withoutsome organisation there can be no effective management, noeffective control

It must not be forgotten that the directaim of the card system is : maximum of work with minimumof labour (60).

By having a longer historical view, it actually tends to extend our time horizons in both directions. So, by thinking more about the past, it sets us up to think more about a long-term future and to challenge ourselves to think more expansively and ambitiously about what might come by having the sense of a wider aperture to think about rather than just thinking about the here and now or what’s coming out in the next cycle.

The purported reason seems to be the claim that some people find "master" offensive. (FWIW I'd give that explanation more credence if the people giving it seem to be offended themselves rather than be offended on behalf of someone else. But whatever, it's their repo.)

I'm not sure if I should write it in the answer directly, but I could also say that when an OP simply rolls back an edit without preemptively stating any reasoning in a comment etc., that tends to create the impression that OP is misguidedly claiming "ownership" of the content or feels entitled to reject changes without needing a reason.

mid-twentieth century, Josef Müller-Brockmann and Paul Randconnected design methodologies to the world of business

El Lissitzky, whose posters, books, and exhibitions are amongthe most influential works of twentieth-century design, had a huge impact

scholar and designer Helen Armstrong,