The questioning principle is that people learn better when they must ask and answer deep questions during learning

The guided discovery principle is that people learn better when they are allowed to solve problems while receiving appropriate guidance

The worked-example principle is that people learn better when they are shown a step-by-step example of how to solve a problem, with commentary

The self-explanation principle is that people learn better when they are prompted to explain lesson elements during learning

The testing principle is that people learn better when they take a practice test on the material have studied

The anchoring principle is that people learn better when material is presented in the context of a familiar situation,

The concretizing principle is that people learn better when unfamiliar material is presented in a way that relates it with the learner’s familiar knowledge, such as using concrete examples and analogies.

The science of learning is the scientific study of how people learn, that is, how the learner’s experience causes a change in the learner’s knowledge (Mayer, 2008, 2011)

people can learn more deeply from words and pictures than from words alone—a finding that has been called the multimedia principle

Multimedia instruction is instruction that includes words (e.g., printed or spoken text) and pictures (i.e., static graphics such as illustrations, diagrams, charts, maps, and photos, or dynamic graphics such as animation and video).

The environment in which an executing program operates is sometimes called its “runtime environment,” or just runtime

An isomorphic app is a web app that blends a server-rendered web app with a single-page application.

if a R b and b R c, then a R c

Houdini is a set of low-level APIs that exposes parts of the CSS engine, giving developers the power to extend CSS by hooking into the styling and layout process of a browser’s rendering engine.  Houdini is a group of APIs that give developers direct access to the CSS Object Model (CSSOM), enabling developers to write code the browser can parse as CSS, thereby creating new CSS features without waiting for them to be implemented natively in browsers.

resource allocation theory, which states that performance on tasks is dependent on the attentional resources available, the degree of self‐regulation during task engagement, and task complexity (Kanfer & Ackerman, 1989),

“to learn” is an active verb naming a dynamic process through which humans continuously adapt, through conscious and unconscious physiological and cognitive responses, to the unique circumstances and experiences they encounter.

A feedback loop in learning is a cause-effect sequence where data (often in the form of an ‘event’) is responded to based on recognition of an outcome and that data is used to inform future decisions in similar or analogous situations.

Material is an adaptable system of guidelines, components, and tools that support the best practices of user interface design

ectopi

elucidatio

metazoan

‘expandable

We defi ne student engagement as a meta-construct that includes behavioral, emotional, and cognitive engagement

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a set of processes, policies and technology for associating cryptographic keys with the entity to whom those keys were issued. It is a well-known authentication and encryption method used in internet banking and e-commerce to confirm the identity of trading partners as well as validate information being shared. PKI is made of several elements which are:

It is only soft-deprecated, which means that your code will not break at the moment and no deprecation warning will be displayed, but this constant will be removed in the future.

Final Form makes the assumption that your validation functions are "pure" or "idempotent", i.e. will always return the same result when given the same values.

Distance learning has been defined as “planned learning that normally occurs in a different place from teaching and as a result requires special tech-niques of course design, special instructional techniques, special methods of communication by electronic and other technology, as well as special organi-zational and administrative arrangements” (Moore and Kearsley, 1996, p. 2).

Embodied cognition is the idea that cognition is shaped by every aspect of an organism’s experience, including the bodily system and ways the body interacts with its environment (see Yannier et al., 2016).

An affordance has been defined as a feature or property of an object that makes possible a particular way of relating to the object for the person who

Researchers in the field use the term affordances to refer to oppor-tunities that a technology makes possible related to learning and instruction (Collins et al., 2000)

Self-determination theory posits that behavior is strongly influenced by three universal, innate, psychological needs—autonomy (the urge to control one’s own life), competence (the urge to experience mastery), and psycho-logical relatedness (the urge to interact with, be connected to, and care for others).

Self-efficacy theory (Bandura, 1977), which is incorporated into several models of motivation and learning, posits that the perceptions learners have about their competency or capabilities are critical to accomplishing a task or attaining other goals (Bandura, 1977).

motivational systems perspective, viewing motivation as a set of psychological mechanisms and processes, such as those related to setting goals, engagement in learning, and use of self-regulatory strategies

mindset: the set of assump-tions, values, and beliefs about oneself and the world that influence how one perceives, interprets, and acts upon one’s environment (Dweck, 1999).

Motivation is a condition that activates and sustains behavior toward a goal

Self-explanationis a strategy in which learners produce explanations of material or of their thought processes while they are reading, answering ques-tions, or solving problems.

Elaborative interrogation is a strategy in which learners are asked, or are prompted to ask themselves, questions that invite deep reasoning, such as why, how, what-if, and what-if not (as opposed to shallow questions such as who, what, when, and where) (Gholson et al., 2009).

“intrinsic” executive control, or a person’s ability to direct herself, change course when needed, and strategize in the absence of explicit rules to follow

Self-regulation refers to learning that is focused by means of metacog-nition, strategic action, and motivation to learn.

refers to cognitive and neural pro-cessing that involves the overall regulation of thinking and behavior and the higher-order processes that enable people to plan, sequence, initiate, and sustain their behavior toward some goal, incorporating feedback and making adjustments

Metacognition is the ability to monitor and regulate one’s own cognitive processes and to consciously regulate behavior, including affective behavior

If your React component’s render function is “pure” (in other words, it renders the same result given the same props and state)

This is a philosophical issue, I think. People (and presumably form libraries) have different definitions of what "dirty" means. Yours: "The field has ever been edited" Mine: "The value of the field is different from the initial value"

probing

Also known as an intercepting proxy, inline proxy, or forced proxy, a transparent proxy intercepts normal application layer communication without requiring any special client configuration. Clients need not be aware of the existence of the proxy.

Warnings, in this example, are defined as: suggestions to the user, like validation errors, but that do not prevent submission.

The intuition behind POJOs is that a POJO is an object that only contains data, as opposed to methods or internal state. Most JavaScript codebases consider objects created using curly braces {} to be POJOs. However, more strict codebases sometimes create POJOs by calling Object.create(null) to avoid inheriting from the built-in Object class.

Qu’est-ce qu’un PIAL ?

virtual-dom is a collection of modules designed to provide a declarative way of representing the DOM for your app. So instead of updating the DOM when your application state changes, you simply create a virtual tree or VTree, which looks like the DOM state that you want. virtual-dom will then figure out how to make the DOM look like this efficiently without recreating all of the DOM nodes.

svelte-htm - Hyperscript Tagged Markup for svelte; a jsx-like syntax using Tagged Templates

Escaping is a subset of encoding, where not all characters need to be encoded. Only some characters are encoded (by using an escape character).

Encoding is transforming data from one format into another format.

A programming language is Turing complete if you can implement any possible algorithm with it.

Events refers both to a design pattern used for the asynchronous handling of various incidents which occur in the lifetime of a web page and to the naming, characterization, and use of a large number of incidents of different types.

Bill Clinton being our fi rst “Black” president

poignant

caustic

In fact, one could say that “the Black preacher style” was seen as Barack’s communicative M.O.

Signifyin

nuanced

same literal meaning but diff er in socialmeaning

Source Code is a UX to interface with the raw machine.

Elle repose sur trois principes :

Définition

It was George Steiner, the literary critic, who once suggested an intellectual was “quite simply, a human being who has a pencil in his or her hand when reading a book.”

The phrase “white privilege” was popularized in 1988 by Peggy McIntosh, a Wellesley College professor who wanted to define “invisible systems conferring dominance on my group.”

The parameterization is said to be identifiable if distinct parameter valuesgive rise to distinct distributions; that is,Pθ=Pθ′impliesθ=θ′.

Personalized learning argues that the entrepreneurial nature of the knowledge economy and the gaping need, diversity, and unmanageable size of a typical public-school classroom are ill-served by the usual arrangement of a teacher lecturing at a blackboard.

Mount: A cooking technique where small pieces of butter are quickly incorporated in a hot, but not boiling, sauce to give bulk and a glossy appearance.

JSX is an XML-like syntax extension to EcmaScript (https://facebook.github.io/jsx/). It is not a language or runtime.

JSX is an XML-like syntax extension to EcmaScript (https://facebook.github.io/jsx/).

Social action, like all action, may be oriented in four ways

Not every type of contact of human beings has a social character

Social action

Action

Processes and uniformities

A motive

judged in terms of its results

Understanding

treat all irrational, effectually determined elements of behavior as factors of deviation from a conceptually pure type of rational action

Meaning

Sociology

moiety

paradigmatic

corporate

dissonance

imbricated

haute cuisine

authenticity

profligate

romantic

the function you pass to the find method is called a predicate. The predicate here defines a boolean outcome based on conditions defined in the function itself, so that the find method can determine which value to find.

marking.

schema

cognitive dissonance

Today, racist means not only burning a cross on someone’s lawn or even telling someone to go home, but also what feels unpleasant to someone of a race—as in what I as a person of that race don’t like. It has gone from being mean to someone to, also, what feels mean to me.

So Ocasio-Cortez gets in that the Squad is composed of women of color. But if Pelosi would likely respond the same way to four Jill Steins, then what is the meaning of the reference to race? Is the idea that Pelosi should hold her tongue simply because the Squad members aren’t white? Ocasio-Cortez is here appealing to another 2.0 meaning of racist—that which is offensive, for any reason, to people of a race. The Squad doesn’t like Pelosi’s critique, understandably. But the question is: Is that critique “racist” because four “racial” women don’t agree with it? Here, Ocasio-Cortez and the Squad allude to the subjectified meaning of racist, which can be hard to square with the core meaning of the word (believing that people of a category are inferior).

Mitchum noted that racism “is a system of advantage based on skin color.”

in traditional programming, the custom code that expresses the purpose of the program calls into reusable libraries to take care of generic tasks, but with inversion of control, it is the framework that calls into the custom, or task-specific, code.

Reactive statements run immediately before the component updates, whenever the values that they depend on have changed.

CDA focuses on the form and content of communicative artifacts—such as memes—and the social practices that inform them. CDA emphasizes the relationship between what is communicated and the social realities tied to that communication.

the public sphere was the liminal space where private citizens engaged in public deliberation about social and political issues

mage memes are a populist means to express public perspectives, even when those perspectives are diverse

charismaticin

lepidoptery

A dialog is a type of modal window that appears in front of app content to provide critical information or ask for a decision

incretins

γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA)

chyme

It is free to you and anyone else who would like to use it. The key to this ability to freely use and re-use this material is something called Creative Commons. It is a license that the author places on his or her work that waives some of the protections of copyright and allows for the work to be shared and used in certain ways.

Co-hyponyms are labelled as such when separate hyponyms share the same hypernym but are not hyponyms of one another, unless they happen to be synonymous

An acronym is a word or name formed from the initial components of a longer name or phrase, usually using individual initial letters, as in NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) or EU (European Union), but sometimes using syllables, as in Benelux (Belgium, Netherlands and Luxembourg), or a mixture of the two, as in radar (RAdio Detection And Ranging)

Motto is a phrase or sentence that contains a belief or an ideal. It works as a guiding principle for an individual or an entire organization.

A dingbat is a small, ornamental character, like this: . Youmight have the fonts Zapf Dingbats or Wingdings, which are made up ofdingbats.

it’s like an impression of a creative thought.

What’s a flaky test? It’s a test that sometimes fails, but if you retry it enough times, it passes, eventually.

make users the initiators of actions rather than the responders.

Dual (mathematics), a notion of paired concepts that mirror one another

The lumper–splitter problem occurs when there is the desire to create classifications and assign examples to them, for example schools of literature, biological taxa and so on.

La violence est abordée sous l’angle de toute action ou absence d’action qui contrevient à la sécurité de l’enfant ou à son bon développement, donne prééminence aux intérêts de l’institution publique sur les intérêts de l’enfant, lui cause une souffrance physique ou psychologique inutile et/ou entrave son évolution ultérieure.

Stanislas Tomkiewicz a défini la violence institutionnelle comme « toute action commise dans ou par une institution, ou toute absence d’action, qui cause à l’enfant une souffrance physique ou psychologique inutile et/ou entrave son évolution ultérieure »3.Cette définition, couramment retenue, renvoie tant à des passages à l’acte qu’à des négligences ou carences.

Stanislas Tomkiewicz a défini la violence institutionnelle comme « toute action commise dans ou par une institution, ou toute absence d’action, qui cause à l’enfant une souffrance physique ou psychologique inutile et/ou entrave son évolution ultérieure »

the belongingness hypothesis is that human be-ings have a pervasive drive to form and maintain at least a min-imum quantity of lasting, positive, and significant interpersonalrelationships. Satisfying this drive involves two criteria: First,there is a need for frequent, affectively pleasant interactionswith a few other people, and, second, these interactions musttake place in the context of a temporally stable and enduringframework of affective concern for each other's welfare.

The "multiplier effect," from the mobility literature, posits that each step taken towards growing your social network or pursuing upward mobility brings more opportunities towardsthe same goal.

Social support isbroadly defined as “a flow of emotional concern, instrumental aid, information, and/or appraisal between people” (House, 1981, p. 26). It is a group of resources gained through social relationships that leads to a feeling of well-being (Harber et al., 2007) and feeling cared for (Cobb, 1976). Social support can also serve as a buffer against adverse outcomes (Cassel, 1974; Kerr & King, 2013). The concept of social support originally emerged from the health field, as a way to explain differences in health outcomes between those who were connected to others and those who were not

Putnam (2000) extended the terminology of weak and strong ties to bridging and bonding capital. Bonding capital is typically provided through an emotionally close and long-standing relationship, and strengthens the individual's connection to a common community. For example, if a youth identifies a teacher as their informal mentor, that teacher can build on their common social network (e.g., the school community) and have the youth feel more connected to and a part of the school as a whole.

Bridging capital, akin to weak ties, comes from relationships with acquaintances, and connects the individual to new resources, connections, and information they did not have access to befor

Social support is a category of resources provided through social relationshipsand is considered by many to be one important form of social capita

Social capital is defined as the total number of resources (e.g., connections, support) that people haveaccess to through their social relationships.

Formal mentoring involves a program or agency matching a young person to a mentor they usually do not know,based on like qualities

Informal mentoring relationships are naturally-occurring relationships between youth and non-parental adults (Sterrett, Jones, Mckee, & Kincaid, 2011) who care about the young person and to whom the young person can turn to for support

In systems engineering and requirements engineering, a non-functional requirement (NFR) is a requirement that specifies criteria that can be used to judge the operation of a system, rather than specific behaviors. They are contrasted with functional requirements that define specific behavior or functions

In community building, the third place is the social surroundings separate from the two usual social environments of home ("first place") and the workplace ("second place")

In cryptography, deniable authentication refers to message authentication between a set of participants where the participants themselves can be confident in the authenticity of the messages, but it cannot be proved to a third party after the event.

the capacity, condition, or state of acting or of exerting power

a person or thing through which power is exerted or an end is achieved : instrumentality

of, relating to, or being a grammatical case or form expressing means or agency

serving as a crucial means, agent, or tool

the conception of agency as the capacity of human beings to shape the circumstances in which they live

One's agency is one's independent capability or ability to act on one's will

capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices

Knowledge work can be differentiated from other forms of work by its emphasis on "non-routine" problem solving that requires a combination of convergent and divergent thinking.[2] But despite the amount of research and literature on knowledge work, there is no succinct definition of the term.

workers, whose line of work requires one to "think for a living"

to remove the force or effectiveness of

A "tag" is a snippet of code that allows digital marketing teams to collect data, set cookies or integrate third-party content like social media widgets into a site.

Definition: Unit that can be assigned to a group of living beings according to certain criteria. Most of the time, this expresses itself through a separate name for this group.

When is your site not built with the Jamstack? Any project that relies on a tight coupling between client and server is not built with the Jamstack.

This topic is not a support question